A short stroke trolley beam type tower crane counterweight falling device and working method

Abstract

The application discloses a short-stroke trolley beam type tower crane counterweight falling device, which comprises two groups of bearing trolleys, which are symmetrically arranged along the center line of a balance arm and are in rolling fit with two lower chord rods of the balance arm respectively; a bearing beam is horizontally connected between the two groups of bearing trolleys; a counterweight group is located between the two lower chord rods and comprises a plurality of counterweight blocks which are arranged in the horizontal direction in sequence and adjacent to each other, wherein a group of counterweight blocks close to the arm root direction of the balance arm are movably supported on the bearing beam; the same side of any two adjacent groups of the counterweight blocks is matched through limiting structures; the front and back sides of any two adjacent groups of the counterweight blocks are matched through bearing structures; and a triggering mechanism is arranged. The application can make the counterweight group fall from the tail of the balance arm sensitively, instantaneously reduce the back tilting moment of the tower crane, achieve the effect of anti-overturning, and cope with sudden unloading working conditions such as broken rope, anchor hoisting and the like of the tower crane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tower crane equipment technology, and more specifically to a counterweight detachment device and working method for a short-stroke trolley beam tower crane. Background Technology

[0002] Extra-large tower cranes (also known as "super-large tower cranes") are characterized by heavy lifting components, high construction height, and large working span. However, with the continuous increase in the weight of lifting components in construction projects, super-large tower cranes are limited by factors such as the size of the construction site, construction conditions, and material properties. They cannot simply rely on structural reinforcement and adjustments to mass distribution to improve their anti-overturning performance. When a tower crane experiences sudden unloading conditions such as rope breakage or anchor failure, the crane's boom will experience an upward rebound force equal to the weight of the lifting component, generating a moment in the direction of the counterweight. Combined with the moment generated by the counterweight, the sum of these two moments can exceed the tower crane's anti-overturning moment or its own load-bearing limit, leading to tower collapse or structural damage, and ultimately, a major safety accident.

[0003] Existing tower cranes typically use fixed counterweights, meaning the crane cannot actively adjust the tilting moment generated by the counterweight boom after installation. Therefore, existing tower cranes can only improve their anti-overturning performance by strengthening the overall and local structural strength of the tower body or adjusting the mass distribution. However, with the increasing weight of components being lifted in construction projects, and limitations imposed by factors such as site size, construction conditions, and material properties, existing tower cranes can no longer rely solely on structural reinforcement and mass distribution adjustments to improve their anti-overturning performance.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to improve the counterweight of tower cranes in the existing technology in order to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to disclose a counterweight detachment device and working method for a short-stroke trolley beam tower crane. Through the mechanical linkage between the triggering mechanism, the carrying trolley and the counterweight assembly, the counterweight assembly supported on the carrying beam can be detached sensitively from the tail of the counterweight boom, instantly reducing the tower crane's backward tilting moment and achieving an anti-overturning effect, in order to cope with sudden unloading conditions such as rope breakage or anchor failure of the tower crane.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a counterweight detachment device for a short-stroke trolley beam tower crane, comprising:

[0007] Two sets of carrying trolleys are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the balance arm, and each sets are in rolling contact with the two lower chords of the balance arm.

[0008] A load-bearing crossbeam is horizontally connected between the two sets of load-bearing trolleys;

[0009] The balancing reorganization is located between the two lower chords and has a number of counterweights arranged sequentially and adjacently in the horizontal direction, wherein a group of counterweights near the root of the balancing arm is movably supported on the load-bearing crossbeam.

[0010] The same side of any two adjacent sets of counterweights is fitted with a limiting structure to restrict the forward and backward displacement between the counterweights;

[0011] The front and rear sides of any two adjacent sets of counterweights are connected by a load-bearing structure so that the weight of the counterweights can be transferred layer by layer and concentrated on a set of counterweights near the root of the balance arm.

[0012] A triggering mechanism, located on the tower crane, is used to pull the carrying trolley towards the root of the counterweight boom when the tower crane experiences rope breakage or anchor unloading. This causes the counterweight reassembly to detach.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the limiting structure includes: a rectangular limiting wedge and an L-shaped limiting wedge respectively arranged on two adjacent sets of the counterweights, wherein the L-shaped limiting wedge on the latter set of the counterweights is arranged upside down and its front end is hung on the rectangular limiting wedge on the former set of the counterweights.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the load-bearing structure is composed of mounting wedges and mounting grooves arranged between the opposite sides of two adjacent sets of counterweights;

[0015] The mounting wedge is located on the side of the counterweight away from the root of the counterweight arm, and the mounting groove is located on the side of the adjacent counterweight opposite to the mounting wedge, so that the latter group of counterweights overlaps with the mounting wedge of the former group of counterweights through the mounting groove.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the vertical dimension of the mounting groove is greater than the vertical dimension of the mounting wedge; the bottom heights of several adjacent counterweights are arranged in a stepped manner, and the bottom of the outermost group of counterweights on the balance arm is located at the lowest point of the bottom height of all the counterweights.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, a set of counterweights near the root of the balance arm are provided with rollers at their bottom, and the rollers form a rolling engagement with the load-bearing beam.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the distance by which the triggering mechanism pulls the carrying trolley is equal to or greater than the width of the carrying beam.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, each of the carrying trolleys is provided with two sets of driven wheels, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower chord. Guide plates are provided on both sides of the bottom of the lower chord for the driven wheels to roll and cooperate.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, a limiting crossbar is connected between the lower chords of the balance arm, and the lower chords and the limiting crossbar together enclose the balance reorganization to limit it in three directions.

[0021] This invention also discloses a working method for a counterweight detachment device for a short-stroke trolley beam tower crane, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1, When the tower crane experiences rope breakage or anchor unloading, the tower crane boom lifts upward under the action of rebound force and drives the triggering mechanism, causing the carrying trolley to be pulled away from the boom root of the balance boom.

[0023] S2, the rollers below the balance reassembly roll away from the boom root and quickly detach from the bearing beam, instantly reducing the tower crane's backward tilting moment and offsetting the overturning moment caused by sudden unloading;

[0024] S3, the set of counterweights located at the outermost end of the balance arm lands first, and several adjacent counterweights slide along the direction of the mounting groove through the mounting wedge, so as to land one by one in sequence, thereby reducing the impact on the ground.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] (1) A short-stroke trolley beam type tower crane counterweight detachment device. In this invention, the counterweight is no longer fixed on the counterweight arm and cannot be detached. Instead, when the tower crane experiences sudden unloading conditions such as rope breakage or anchor failure, the counterweight on the load-bearing beam can be detached from the tail of the counterweight arm through the mechanical linkage between the triggering mechanism and the load-bearing trolley, thereby instantly reducing the backward tilting moment of the tower crane and achieving the anti-overturning effect.

[0027] Each counterweight is connected to the support structure via a limiting structure. The arrangement of the support structure between any two adjacent counterweights ensures that the counterweights furthest from the boom root are supported by the preceding set of counterweights. This process continues until the counterweights closest to the boom root bear the weight of all the subsequent counterweights. This allows the entire counterweight assembly to be supported on the support beam via the set of counterweights closest to the boom root. The trolley only needs to move a short distance towards the boom root to cause the counterweight assembly to lose support and detach, improving its sensitivity. In the event of sudden unloading, the boom only needs to tilt slightly for the counterweight assembly to detach promptly. Furthermore, the limiting structure restricts the forward and backward movement between any two adjacent counterweights, ensuring that the counterweight assembly, composed of multiple sets of counterweights, remains a unified whole during detachment and does not disperse, preventing accidental collision with the main tower crane structure during the fall.

[0028] (2) By setting a trolley on the lower chord to support the weight of the detachable balance reassembly, the triggering mechanism only needs to pull the trolley to make the detachable balance reassembly lose its support. The bottom of the counterweight directly supported on the load-bearing beam is equipped with rollers to reduce the friction between the counterweight and the load-bearing beam, ensuring that the trolley group can move smoothly towards the arm root under the traction of the triggering mechanism, which greatly reduces the force required for the triggering mechanism to trigger the detachable balance reassembly.

[0029] (3) The vertical dimension of the mounting groove is greater than that of the mounting wedge, so that the mounting wedge can slide along the trajectory of the mounting groove. The bottom height of several adjacent counterweights is arranged in a stepped manner. The bottom of the outermost set of counterweights on the balance arm is located at the lowest point of the bottom height of all counterweights. Since the bottom of the next counterweight is lower, when it lands, the next counterweight lands first, and the previous counterweight can continue to fall a short distance along the mounting groove to form a two-way landing of the two sets of counterweights, reducing the impact on the ground. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the counterweight dropping device and the counterweight boom in the short-stroke trolley crossbeam tower crane counterweight dropping device and working method of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the load-bearing trolley and the load-bearing beam in the short-stroke trolley crossbeam tower crane counterweight detachment device and working method of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly and reassembly structure in the short-stroke trolley crossbeam tower crane counterweight detachment device and working method of the present invention. The diagram also shows the limiting structure and rollers.

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a set of counterweights located near the root of the balance arm.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a left-side view of the counterweight block in the counterweight detachment device and working method of a short-stroke trolley beam tower crane according to the present invention, and it shows the mounting wedge, mounting groove, rectangular limiting wedge and L-shaped limiting wedge.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a front view schematic diagram of the counterweight block in the counterweight detachment device and working method of a short-stroke trolley beam tower crane according to the present invention, and the installation grooves of the limiting structure and the bearing structure are shown in the figure.

[0036] In the diagram: a) Root of the counterweight arm; 10) Lower chord; 20) Carrying trolley; 30) Carrying beam; 40) Balancing reassembly; 50) Limiting structure; 70) Roller; 101) Guide plate; 102) Limiting crossbar; 201) Driven wheel; 401) Counterweight; 501) L-shaped limiting wedge; 502) Rectangular limiting wedge; 601) Mounting wedge; 602) Mounting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. Equivalent changes or substitutions in function, method, or structure made by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the invention.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 The present invention illustrates a specific embodiment of a short-stroke trolley beam tower crane counterweight detachment device and its working method.

[0040] A counterweight detachment device for a short-stroke trolley beam tower crane includes a load-bearing trolley 20, a load-bearing beam 30, a counterweight assembly 40, a limiting structure 50, a load-bearing structure, and a triggering mechanism. The load-bearing trolley 20 has two sets, symmetrically arranged along the center line of the counterweight arm, and each sets are in rolling engagement with the two lower chords 10 of the counterweight arm. Specifically, each set of load-bearing trolleys 20 is provided with two sets of driven wheels 201, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower chord 10. Guide plates 101 extend outward from both sides of the bottom of the lower chord 10 for the driven wheels 201 to roll in engagement. A load-bearing beam 30 is horizontally connected between two sets of load-bearing trolleys 20; a counterweight assembly 40 is located between two lower chords 10 and has several counterweights 401 arranged sequentially in the horizontal direction, wherein a set of counterweights 401 near the arm root a direction of the counterweight arm is movably supported on the load-bearing beam 30; the same side of any two adjacent sets of counterweights 401 is fitted by a limiting structure 50 to restrict the front-to-back displacement between the counterweights 401; the front and rear sides of any two adjacent sets of counterweights 401 are fitted by a load-bearing structure so that the weight of the counterweights 401 can be transferred layer by layer and concentrated on the set of counterweights 401 near the arm root a direction of the counterweight arm.

[0041] Specifically, the load-bearing structure consists of mounting wedges 601 and mounting grooves 602 arranged between the opposite sides of two adjacent sets of counterweights 401; the mounting wedges 601 are arranged on the side of the counterweight 401 away from the arm root a direction of the balance arm, and the mounting grooves 602 are opened on the side of the adjacent counterweights 401 opposite to the mounting wedges 601, so that the latter set of counterweights 401 and the mounting wedges 601 of the former set of counterweights 401 are lapped together through the mounting grooves 602.

[0042] It is important to understand that each counterweight 401 is connected by a load-bearing structure. Any two adjacent counterweights 401 are connected by the load-bearing structure, so that the counterweight 401 in the arm root a direction away from the counterweight arm is hung on the previous set of counterweights 401 by the load-bearing structure. Each counterweight 401 is connected in sequence, so that the counterweight 401 in the arm root a direction close to the counterweight arm bears the weight of all the counterweights 401 behind it. This allows the entire counterweight assembly 40 to be movably supported on the load-bearing beam 30 by the set of counterweights 401 in the arm root a direction close to the counterweight arm. The load-bearing trolley 20 only needs to move a short distance towards the arm root to make the counterweight assembly 40 lose support and fall off, which improves the sensitivity of the counterweight assembly 40. In the event of a sudden unloading, the boom only needs to be tilted at a small angle for the counterweight assembly 40 to detach in time.

[0043] Each counterweight 401 is coordinated with a limiting structure 50. The same side of any two adjacent sets of counterweights 401 is also coordinated with the limiting structure 50 to restrict the forward and backward displacement between the counterweights 401. Specifically, the limiting structure 50 includes a rectangular limiting wedge 502 and an L-shaped limiting wedge 501 respectively arranged on the adjacent sets of counterweights 401. The L-shaped limiting wedge 501 on the latter set of counterweights 401 is arranged inverted, with its front end attached to the rectangular limiting wedge 502 on the former set of counterweights 401. By restricting the forward and backward displacement between any two adjacent counterweights 401, the limiting structure 50 ensures that the counterweight reassembly 40, composed of multiple sets of counterweights 401, remains a unified whole during the detachment process, preventing it from colliding with the main structure of the tower crane.

[0044] The vertical dimension of the mounting groove 602 is greater than the vertical dimension of the mounting wedge 601; the bottom heights of several adjacent counterweights 401 are arranged in a stepped manner, and the bottom of the outermost set of counterweights 401 on the balance arm is located at the lowest point of the bottom height of all counterweights 401.

[0045] It is important to understand that the vertical dimension of the mounting groove 602 is larger than the vertical dimension of the mounting wedge 601, allowing the mounting wedge 601 to slide along the trajectory of the mounting groove 602. The bottom heights of several adjacent counterweights 401 are arranged in a stepped manner. The bottom of the outermost set of counterweights 401 on the balance arm is located at the lowest point of the bottom height of all counterweights 401. Since the bottom of the next counterweight 401 is lower, it will land first, and the previous counterweight 401 can continue to fall a short distance along the mounting groove 602, thus achieving the step-by-step landing of the two sets of counterweights 401 and reducing the impact on the ground.

[0046] The triggering mechanism, located on the tower crane, pulls the load-bearing trolley 20 a distance equal to or greater than the width of the load-bearing beam 30. Simultaneously, a set of counterweights 401 near the boom root (a direction) of the counterweight boom has rollers 70 at its bottom, forming a rolling engagement with the load-bearing beam 30. It is important to understand that by using the load-bearing trolley 20 on the lower chord 10 to support the weight of the detachable counterweight assembly 40, the triggering mechanism only needs to pull the load-bearing trolley 20 to cause the detachable counterweight assembly 40 to lose support. The rollers 70 at the bottom of the counterweights 401, directly supported on the load-bearing beam 30, reduce the friction between the counterweights 401 and the load-bearing beam 30, ensuring that the load-bearing trolley 20 can move smoothly towards the boom root under the traction of the triggering mechanism, greatly reducing the force required for the triggering mechanism to activate the detachable counterweight assembly 40.

[0047] When the tower crane experiences rope breakage or anchor unloading, the traction trolley 20 moves towards the base a of the counterweight boom to disengage the counterweight assembly 40. Limiting crossbars 102 are connected between the lower chords 10 of the counterweight boom, and the lower chords 10 and the limiting crossbars 102 together limit the counterweight assembly 40 in three directions.

[0048] This invention also discloses a working method for a short-stroke trolley beam-type tower crane counterweight detachment device, comprising the following steps: S1, when the tower crane experiences rope breakage or anchor unloading, the tower crane boom lifts upward under the action of rebound force and drives the triggering mechanism, causing the carrying trolley 20 to be pulled away from the boom root a direction; S2, the roller 70 below the counterweight 40 rolls away from the boom root and quickly detaches from the carrying beam 30, instantly reducing the tower crane's backward tilting moment and offsetting the overturning moment caused by sudden unloading; S3, a set of counterweight blocks 401 located at the outermost end of the counterweight boom lands first, and several adjacent counterweight blocks 401 slide along the direction of the mounting groove 602 through the mounting wedge 601, realizing sequential landing of each block, reducing the impact on the ground.

[0049] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A short stroke trolley girder type tower crane counterweight falling device, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a tower crane balance arm, including: Two groups of bearing trolleys are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the balance arm and are in rolling fit with two lower chords of the balance arm respectively; A bearing beam is horizontally connected between the two groups of bearing trolleys; A counterweight group is located between the two lower chords and has a plurality of counterweights arranged in the horizontal direction in sequence; The same side of any two adjacent groups of counterweights is matched by limiting structure to limit the front-back displacement between the counterweights; the limiting structure includes rectangular limiting wedge blocks and L-shaped limiting wedge blocks arranged on the two adjacent groups of counterweights respectively, the L-shaped limiting wedge blocks on the latter group of counterweights are arranged upside down, and the front end is hung on the rectangular limiting wedge blocks on the former group of counterweights; The front-back side between any two adjacent groups of counterweights is matched by bearing structure to enable the weight of the counterweights to be transmitted layer by layer and concentrated on the group of counterweights close to the arm root direction of the balance arm; the bearing structure is composed of mounting wedge blocks and mounting grooves arranged between the opposite sides of the two adjacent groups of counterweights; the mounting wedge blocks are arranged on the side of the counterweight away from the arm root direction of the balance arm, and the mounting grooves are opened on the side of the adjacent counterweight opposite to the mounting wedge block, so that the latter group of counterweights is in lap joint fit with the mounting wedge blocks of the former group of counterweights through the mounting grooves; the bottom height of the plurality of adjacent counterweights is arranged in a stepped manner, the bottom of the group of counterweights at the outermost end of the balance arm is located at the lowest point of the bottom height of all the counterweights, and due to the lower bottom of the latter counterweight, the latter counterweight falls to the ground first when falling to the ground, and the former counterweight can continue to fall a small section along the mounting groove to form, realizing the block-by-block falling of the two groups of counterweights and reducing the impact on the ground; A trigger mechanism is arranged on the tower crane, and when the tower crane is in the unloading working condition of rope breakage or anchor unloading, the trigger mechanism is used to pull the bearing trolleys to move towards the arm root direction of the balance arm, so that the counterweight group is detached.

2. The short-stroke trolley beam type tower crane counterweight falling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical dimension of the mounting groove is greater than the vertical dimension of the mounting wedge block.

3. The short-stroke trolley beam type tower crane counterweight falling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the group of counterweights close to the arm root direction of the balance arm is provided with a roller, and the roller is in rolling fit with the bearing beam.

4. The short-stroke trolley beam type tower crane counterweight falling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance pulled by the trigger mechanism is equal to or greater than the width of the bearing beam.

5. The short-stroke trolley beam type tower crane counterweight falling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each group of bearing trolleys is provided with two groups of driven wheels arranged on the two sides of the lower chord respectively, and guide plates are arranged on the two sides of the bottom of the lower chord outwardly for rolling fit of the driven wheels.

6. The short-stroke trolley beam type tower crane counterweight falling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A limiting transverse stop is connected between the lower chords of the balance arm, and the lower chords and the limiting transverse stop jointly enclose to limit the counterweight group in three directions.

7. A working method of the short-stroke trolley cross-beam type tower crane counterweight falling device, based on the short-stroke trolley cross-beam type tower crane counterweight falling device of claim 3, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a tower crane balance arm, including: S1, when the tower crane is in the unloading working condition of rope breakage or anchor unloading, the tower crane lifting arm is lifted upward under the action of the rebound force and drives the trigger mechanism, so that the bearing trolleys are pulled away from the arm root direction of the balance arm; S2, the balance recombination below the roller rolls away from the arm root direction, quickly falls off from the bearing beam, instantaneously reduces the tower crane back tilt moment, offsets the overturning moment caused by sudden unloading; S3, a group of the balance weight located at the outermost end of the balance arm falls first, and several adjacent balance weights slide along the direction of the mounting groove through the mounting wedge to realize falling one by one, reducing the impact on the ground.

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