Polyester fiber super hydrophilic fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention proposes a polyester fiber super-hydrophilic fabric and a preparation method thereof, which belongs to the technical field of super-hydrophilic textiles, and is used to solve the technical problems of poor rapid tiling and rapid transmission effect of liquid water in polyester fabrics. Specifically, it includes five steps: blending, weaving, finishing, washing and baking. Polyester fiber and wool fiber are blended to prepare polyester / wool blended yarn with a certain mixing ratio, and polyester / wool blended fabric is prepared by weaving. The yarn is placed in a finishing liquid containing a certain amount of reducing agent with a pH value between 12-14 for treatment. The wool is hydrolyzed to form free amino acids and react with the products of polyester ester hydrolysis, thereby constructing a rough hydrophilic interface on the surface of the polyester fiber. After washing and baking, the polyester fiber super-hydrophilic fabric is obtained. The present invention provides a method for preparing a polyester fiber super-hydrophilic fabric. The prepared polyester fiber super-hydrophilic fabric has super-hydrophilicity, simple process, strong operability, and high market application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of super-hydrophilic textiles, and in particular relates to a polyester fiber super-hydrophilic fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Polyester fabrics possess excellent physical properties and are widely used in various textile applications. However, their poor hydrophilicity can lead to numerous defects during use. When used in clothing, polyester fabrics suffer from poor hydrophilicity, which reduces wearer comfort and can lead to undesirable properties such as static electricity accumulation and staining. Current methods for improving polyester hydrophilicity include fiber ultrafine processing, interfacial groove formation, interfacial pitting, and interfacial chemical hydrophilic modification. Ultrafine processing, interfacial groove formation, and interfacial pitting increase the fiber's surface energy and, through capillary effects, spread liquid particles across the fiber interface, thereby enabling water transport. This method is suitable for improving comfort during use in environments characterized by high perspiration. Commercial methods for chemical hydrophilic modification of polyester fabrics typically utilize fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester-based compound treatments, nano-oxide deposition, and protein grafting onto the polyester fabric surface. While this method effectively addresses the problem of horizontal liquid distribution at the fabric interface, it is less effective than the differentiated treatments of ultrafine processing and interfacial groove formation for directional water transport. For example, patent publication number CN105297456A discloses a method for preparing a modified polyester material, which specifically comprises the following steps: 1) transfecting Escherichia coli cells with a constructed prokaryotic expression vector carrying a gene for a hydrophilic and negatively charged polypeptide and inducing the culture for several hours; 2) collecting and disrupting the cells, purifying the hydrophilic and strongly negatively charged first polypeptide F1, second polypeptide F4, or third polypeptide F8, and preparing them into a functional polypeptide aqueous solution; 3) treating the polyester with sodium hydroxide, washing it with deionized water, and then immersing it in the functional polypeptide aqueous solution. A cross-linking agent is added and reacted at 4°C overnight to obtain the modified polyester material. Furthermore, patent publication number CN113403838A discloses a method for preparing a modified grafted hydrophilic flexible polyester fabric, comprising the following steps: S1. alkali amine modification of polyester fiber: placing the polyester fabric in a mixed finishing solution of ethylenediamine and sodium hydroxide to perform surface modification of the polyester fabric; S2. preparation of a pre-reaction liquid: mixing polyvinyl alcohol ester, water, ammonia water, and a silane coupling agent to obtain a hydrophilic modified pre-reaction liquid; S3. graft modification of the polyester fabric: soaking the polyester fabric prepared in step S1 in ethanol first and then in the pre-reaction liquid, reacting at a certain temperature, and adjusting the pH value to obtain a surface-grafted modified polyester fabric; S4. preparation of a flexible polyester fabric: soaking the polyester fabric prepared in the previous step in a glutaraldehyde aqueous solution, taking out the fabric after soaking to remove the residual glutaraldehyde, then placing it in a small molecule polypeptide solution for reaction, taking it out, washing it, and drying it to obtain a hydrophilic flexible polyester fabric. Both patents mentioned above enhance the hydrophilicity of polyester fibers by grafting small protein peptides onto their surfaces. However, their directional water transport properties are poor. This makes it difficult to meet the requirements for rapid spreading and transport of liquid water in high-quality, thermally comfortable medical uniforms, workwear, and training apparel. Therefore, achieving rapid spreading and transport of liquid water in polyester fabrics is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the technical problem of poor rapid spreading and rapid transmission of liquid water in polyester fabrics, the present invention proposes a polyester fiber super hydrophilic fabric and a preparation method thereof. The prepared polyester fiber super hydrophilic fabric has super hydrophilicity and can achieve rapid spreading and rapid transmission of liquid water.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0005] A preparation method of a polyester fiber super-hydrophilic fabric specifically comprises five steps: blending, weaving, post-finishing, washing and baking.

[0006] The blended yarn is prepared by using polyester fiber and wool fiber, and the polyester fiber and wool fiber are opened to prepare the blended yarn, wherein the polyester / wool blending ratio is between 90 / 10 and 70 / 30.

[0007] The weaving is performed by using the blended yarn prepared as described above, and polyester / wool blended fabrics of different specifications can be prepared by knitting, weaving and other methods.

[0008] The post-finishing process involves placing the polyester / wool blended fabric in a finishing solution with a pH of 8-14, a temperature of 60-100°C, and a reducing agent concentration of 0.5-3% for a treatment period of 10-120 minutes. Wool is primarily composed of protein, which undergoes hydrolysis under alkaline conditions to form free amino acids. Polyester fibers, on the other hand, undergo ester hydrolysis under alkaline conditions. The free amino acids formed by wool hydrolysis react with the ester hydrolysis products of polyester (polyester fiber) to form a rough hydrophilic boundary layer on the surface of the polyester fiber (see the principle). Figure 1 shown).

[0009] The reducing agent is sodium sulfide or mercaptoethanol, which can quickly disassemble the disulfide bonds inside the wool fiber under alkaline conditions to eventually form free amino acids.

[0010] The washing step is to use 40-50°C warm water for one wash and cold water for two washes.

[0011] The baking step is drying at 120-140° C. for 1-3 minutes. After washing and baking, the polyester fiber super-hydrophilic fabric is obtained.

[0012] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The polyester / wool blended yarn is prepared by uniformly mixing polyester and wool fibers in a specific ratio during the spinning process. The wool fibers are dissolved at a suitable temperature using a dissolving system. The wool dissolution product combines with the polyester ester hydrolysis product, forming a rough hydrophilic layer at the polyester fiber interface, thereby achieving rapid flattening of liquid water at the fabric interface. Furthermore, the dissolution of the wool fibers creates a multi-channel pore structure within the yarn, facilitating the capillary effect of liquid water and enhancing its rapid transfer.

[0013] The invention discloses a method for preparing a polyester fiber super-hydrophilic fabric. The prepared polyester fiber super-hydrophilic fabric has super-hydrophilicity, simple process, strong operability and high market application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 This is the preparation principle of polyester fiber super hydrophilic fabric.

[0016] Figure 2 The yarn cross-sections were recorded using a VK-X110 shape laser microscope.

[0017] Figure 3 A comparison of fabrics before and after finishing.

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the fabric contact angle of Examples 1-4.

[0019] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the liquid water spreading area of ​​the fabrics of Examples 1-4.

[0020] Figure 6 This is the infrared spectrum of polyester fiber super hydrophilic fabric. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] A method for preparing a polyester fiber super-hydrophilic fabric includes five steps: blending, weaving, finishing, washing, and baking. Specifically, the method comprises:

[0024] Blending: Polyester fiber and wool fiber are blended in a 90 / 10 blending ratio to obtain polyester and wool blended yarn.

[0025] Weaving: The blended yarn is used for weaving to obtain a polyester / wool blended fabric.

[0026] Finishing: Place the polyester / wool blended fabric in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with a pH value of 12, a temperature of 100°C, a reducing agent of 2% sodium sulfide, and a treatment time of 60 minutes.

[0027] Washing: Wash once with 50℃ warm water and twice with cold water.

[0028] Baking: Drying at 120°C for 3 minutes to obtain the polyester fiber super hydrophilic fabric.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] A method for preparing a polyester fiber super-hydrophilic fabric includes five steps: blending, weaving, finishing, washing, and baking. Specifically, the method comprises:

[0031] Blending: Polyester fiber and wool fiber are blended in a blending ratio of 80 / 20 to obtain polyester and wool blended yarn.

[0032] Weaving: The blended yarn is used for weaving to obtain a polyester / wool blended fabric.

[0033] Finishing: Place the polyester / wool blended fabric in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with a pH value of 14, a temperature of 70°C, a reducing agent of 1% sodium sulfide, and a treatment time of 10 minutes.

[0034] Washing: Wash once with 45℃ warm water and twice with cold water.

[0035] Baking: Drying at 130°C for 2 minutes to obtain the polyester fiber super hydrophilic fabric.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] A method for preparing a polyester fiber super-hydrophilic fabric includes five steps: blending, weaving, finishing, washing, and baking. Specifically, the method comprises:

[0038] Blending: Polyester fiber and wool fiber are blended in a 70 / 30 blending ratio to obtain polyester and wool blended yarn.

[0039] Weaving: The blended yarn is used for weaving to obtain a polyester / wool blended fabric.

[0040] Finishing: Place the polyester / wool blended fabric in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with a pH value of 13, a temperature of 80°C, a reducing agent of 2% sodium sulfide, and a treatment time of 30 minutes.

[0041] Washing: Wash once with 40℃ warm water and twice with cold water.

[0042] Baking: Drying at 140°C for 4 minutes to obtain the polyester fiber super hydrophilic fabric.

[0043] Example 4

[0044] A method for preparing a polyester fiber super-hydrophilic fabric includes five steps: blending, weaving, finishing, washing, and baking. Specifically, the method comprises:

[0045] Blending: Polyester fiber and wool fiber are blended in a 70 / 30 blending ratio.

[0046] Weaving: The blended yarn is used for weaving to obtain a polyester / wool blended fabric.

[0047] Finishing: Place the polyester / wool blended fabric in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with a pH value of 14, a temperature of 60°C, and a reducing agent of 0.5% sodium sulfide for 20 minutes.

[0048] Washing: Wash once with 50℃ warm water and twice with cold water.

[0049] Baking: Drying at 140°C for 4 minutes to obtain the polyester fiber super hydrophilic fabric.

[0050] Test Case

[0051] First, the morphology of the polyester fiber super hydrophilic fabrics prepared in Examples 1-4 was observed. Figure 2 The yarn cross section was recorded with the aid of a VK-X110 shape laser microscope. Figure 2 It can be seen that in polyester and wool blended yarn, under the action of solvent, the wool dissolves, resulting in the formation of pores in the space occupied by wool fibers in the yarn body. The formation of these pores is conducive to the improvement of the wicking effect. Figure 3 The surface morphology of the polyester / wool blended fabric and the polyester fiber super hydrophilic fabric prepared in Example 1 is shown in FIG. Figure 3 It is not difficult to find that there are wool fibers with scales on the surface in polyester / wool blended fabrics. After being treated with finishing liquid, the wool fibers with scales in the yarn disappear. In addition, there is a coating membrane structure between the fibers in the polyester fiber super hydrophilic fabric ( Figure 2-3 ), which is due to the grafting of the dissolved wool fiber product with polyester, and this layer is a hydrophilic layer.

[0052] Subsequently, the liquid spreadability was tested using an OCA35 optical contact angle tester (Dataphysics, Germany) using the suspended drop method to measure the contact angle. 3 μL of liquid water was injected. The angle at which the droplet reached equilibrium was the contact angle. The larger the contact angle, the more hydrophobic the water is. Pure polyester fabric of the same specifications was used as a comparison sample. Figure 4 It can be seen that the contact angle of the polyester fabric is 123°, which is a hydrophobic fabric. The contact angles of Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 are all 0°, indicating that liquid water has the ability to spread quickly on the fabric prepared by the present invention, and is a super hydrophilic fabric. Figure 5 A self-made liquid water transmission test device was used to record the relationship between the liquid water diffusion area and time using image processing technology. The self-made liquid water transmission test device includes a workbench, an image acquisition center, and a computer terminal. The workbench includes an electronic balance and a sample clamping platform. The image acquisition center is located directly above the sample clamping platform, and the electronic balance is located directly below the sample clamping platform. The sample clamping platform consists of two symmetrically arranged clamps. The electronic balance and the image acquisition center are both connected to the computer terminal. The fabric is placed in the center of the workbench, and liquid water is dripped into it with a pipette. The device uses the image acquisition center to obtain the shape of the liquid water on the fabric in real time, and calculates and outputs the relationship between the liquid water diffusion area and time. Figure 5 It can be seen that the liquid water spreading area of ​​Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 is significantly improved compared to the polyester fabric.

[0053] Finally, the liquid water transport capacity was tested using an MMT liquid moisture management instrument on polyester fabrics of the same specifications and the polyester fiber super-hydrophilic fabrics prepared in Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4. The results are shown in Table 1. The higher the level of unidirectional transport capacity, the stronger the liquid water transport capacity. Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 all reached level 5, indicating that the polyester fabrics prepared by this method have excellent liquid water transport capacity.

[0054] Table 1

[0055]

[0056] At the same time, the hydrophilicity of the polyester / wool blended fabric and the polyester fiber super-hydrophilic fabric prepared in Example 1 was tested, as shown in Table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, the wetting performance of liquid water at the fabric interface of the fabric after finishing with the present invention is greatly improved, with a contact angle of 0°, showing super-hydrophilic properties. This is mainly due to the grafting of a rough hydrophilic layer on the polyester fiber interface in the fabric and the multi-channel pore structure inside the fabric yarn. At the same time, the liquid water transmission speed is also significantly improved, due to the dissolution of the wool fiber after finishing. Since the wool fiber in the blended yarn is mostly in the form of a conical spiral, the space occupied after removal forms a multi-dimensional through-pore structure, which is conducive to the rapid transmission of liquid water.

[0057] Table 2

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] Depend on Figure 6 The infrared spectrum analysis shows that the wavelength of the infrared spectrum of Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 is located at 3695 cm -1 The peak shifts to the left and becomes wider near 1720cm, which is due to the stretching vibration of -OH and -NH groups in the finished fabric. -1 The stretching vibration peak of C=O near the fabric is enhanced compared with that of polyester fabric. The peaks of Examples 1, 2, 3 and 4 are at 1560cm -1 and 1410cm -1 These characteristics indicate that the wool fibers in the fabrics treated in Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 are hydrolyzed to form free amino acids that react with the ester hydrolysis products of polyester fibers. Figure 1 shown.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a polyester fiber super hydrophilic fabric, characterized in that: A polyester / wool blended fabric is placed in a finishing liquid for treatment, and then washed and baked to obtain a polyester fiber super-hydrophilic fabric; the finishing liquid is an alkaline aqueous solution containing a reducing agent; the polyester / wool blended fabric is woven from blended yarns made by blending polyester fibers and wool fibers; the blending ratio of the polyester / wool blended fabric is between 90 / 10 and 70 / 30; the conditions for placing the polyester / wool blended fabric in the finishing liquid for treatment are: a temperature of 60-100°C and a treatment time of 10-120 minutes; the pH value of the finishing liquid is 12-14; the mass concentration of the reducing agent in the finishing liquid is 0.5-3%; and the reducing agent is sodium sulfide or mercaptoethanol.

2. The method for preparing a polyester fiber super hydrophilic fabric according to claim 1, wherein: The washing step is to use 40-50°C warm water for one wash and cold water for two washes.

3. The method for preparing the polyester fiber super hydrophilic fabric according to claim 1, wherein: The baking is performed at 120-140° C. for 1-3 minutes.

4. The super hydrophilic polyester fiber fabric prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

Images