Ecological ditch for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland

Abstract

The application discloses an ecological ditch for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland, relates to the technical field of ecological ditches, and solves the problems that the existing ecological ditches are inconvenient for classified planting of vegetation, inconvenient for adjusting planting density, and inconvenient for maintaining soil stability of the root systems of the vegetation in the process of draining and purifying farmland water bodies. The ecological ditch for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland comprises a ditch bank mechanism, a plurality of ditch shaping water permeation mechanisms are linearly arranged on the inner side of the ditch bank mechanism, the ditch shaping water permeation mechanism comprises a concrete prefabricated ditch plate, five channel bottom planting sleeve plates are arranged on the inner side of the middle part of the concrete prefabricated ditch plate, and water body exchange grooves are arranged on the upper end of the channel bottom planting sleeve plates. The ecological ditch can realize planting of vegetation on the ditch bank slope and the bottom, effectively avoids soil loss, is convenient for controlling the density of the vegetation, and realizes nitrogen and phosphorus interception and purification of water bodies.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ecological ditch, in particular to an ecological ditch for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland. BACKGROUND

[0002] The agricultural non-point source pollution is the most important and the most widely distributed non-point source pollution, the nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, pesticides and other organic or inorganic pollutants in agricultural production activities, through farmland surface runoff and farmland leakage, diffusion form surface and groundwater environmental pollution, in ensuring that the drainage ditch has the function of drainage, drainage or prevention and treatment of soil salinization, through setting up the auxiliary engineering facilities such as regulation dam, water retaining ridge, mud collecting well, permeable dam in the ditch, and using plant biological materials, configuring plant community and other measures, the interception and purification capacity of the ditch to nitrogen, phosphorus and other substances is strengthened.

[0003] However, the existing ecological ditch utilizes vegetation in the process of draining and purifying farmland water body, which is inconvenient for classified planting of vegetation, the planting density is inconvenient to adjust, and the soil stability of the vegetation root system is inconvenient to maintain; therefore, it does not meet the existing demand, and for this, we propose an ecological ditch for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application relates to the technical field of ecological ditch, in particular to an ecological ditch for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: an ecological ditch for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland, comprising a ditch bank mechanism, a plurality of ditch shaping and permeable mechanisms are linearly arranged on the inner side of the ditch bank mechanism, the ditch shaping and permeable mechanism comprises a concrete prefabricated ditch plate, five planting sleeve plates are installed on the inner side of the middle part of the concrete prefabricated ditch plate, a water body exchange groove is arranged on the upper end of the planting sleeve plate, five slope planting unit mechanisms are installed at both ends of each concrete prefabricated ditch plate, the slope planting unit mechanism comprises a hexagonal planting unit, a positioning lug is arranged on each side of the hexagonal planting unit, a positioning groove is arranged on one side of the positioning lug, a planting box is fixedly installed on the inner side of the hexagonal planting unit, a limiting installation frame is installed on the inner side of the planting box, a soil retaining net is installed on the inner side of the limiting installation frame, a planting hole is arranged on one side of the soil retaining net, a partitioning and permeable sleeve is installed on the middle part of the planting box, and a positioning column is installed on the inner side of the partitioning and permeable sleeve.

[0006] Preferably, the concrete prefabricated trench plate is provided with five flow guide holes on the inner side of both ends, and two flow guide grooves are arranged on both sides of the concrete prefabricated trench plate, and a water supplementing and adsorbing plate is arranged on the inner side of the flow guide groove.

[0007] Preferably, the ditch bank mechanism comprises a ditch body, an upper end surface of the ditch body is provided with a ditch groove, and a partition corner plate is arranged on both sides of the ditch groove, and a water permeable stone cage is arranged on the upper end surface of the partition corner plate.

[0008] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the ditch groove is an inverted isosceles trapezoid, the concrete prefabricated trench plate is arranged on the inner side of the ditch groove, and a steel mesh is arranged in the concrete prefabricated trench plate.

[0009] Preferably, the water permeable stone cage is connected with the ditch body through the partition corner plate, the water permeable stone cage is filled with pebbles, a farmland is arranged on the side of the water permeable stone cage away from the concrete prefabricated trench plate, and the upper end surfaces of the concrete prefabricated trench plate, the water permeable stone cage and the farmland are coincident.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom end of the channel bottom planting sleeve plate penetrates through the concrete prefabricated trench plate and is connected to the inner side of the ditch body, an ecological blanket is arranged on the inner side of the channel bottom planting sleeve plate, and the ecological blanket is composed of a composite of plant fibers, geotechnical materials and mineral materials.

[0011] Preferably, the inner side of the ecological blanket is planted with Vallisneria, Ceratophyllum and Elodea, and the ratio of the Vallisneria, Ceratophyllum and Elodea is 3:3:4.

[0012] Preferably, the flow guide hole is connected with the flow guide groove, the positioning protrusion is connected with the inner side of the flow guide groove in a clamping mode, and the water supplementing and adsorbing plate is provided with a contact strip on the side close to the positioning column.

[0013] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the hexagonal planting unit is a regular hexagon, and the positioning protrusion and the positioning groove are arranged on two adjacent hexagonal planting units in a clamping mode, and the cross-sectional shapes of the positioning protrusion and the positioning groove are consistent.

[0014] Preferably, the hexagonal planting unit is fixedly connected with the limiting installation frame through the planting box, the side edge of the soil retaining net is connected with the limiting installation frame through a rope, the soil retaining net is filled with soil in the inner side of the planting box, and the partition water permeable sleeve is connected with the water supplementing and adsorbing plate through the positioning column.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The application is characterized in that the water-permeable stone cage is filled with pebbles inside, installation gaps are arranged between two adjacent concrete prefabricated ditch plates and hexagonal planting units, water penetration and collection are facilitated, water flow in farmland is guided to the inner side of the ditch groove through the water-permeable stone cage, the soil loss is reduced while the water delivery effect is good, the inner side of the canal bottom planting sleeve plate is provided with an ecological blanket, and the inner side of the ecological blanket is planted with Vallisneria, Ceratophyllum and Potamogeton, so that the canal bottom vegetation is protected and positioned through the canal bottom planting sleeve plate;

[0017] 2. The application is characterized in that the soil retaining net is used for unit planting of the slope vegetation through the planting hole, the soil is filled in the inner side of the soil retaining net and the planting box, and the partition water-permeable sleeve and the water supplementing adsorption plate are connected through the positioning column, so that the stability of the slope soil is maintained through the partition water-permeable sleeve and the soil retaining net, the slope vegetation is prevented from being washed by water flow, and the ecological density of the ditch is controlled through the placement density of the hexagonal planting unit and the planting density of the vegetation in the soil retaining net. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the concrete prefabricated ditch plate of the application;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the slope planting unit mechanism of the application;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the application;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slope planting unit mechanism of the application;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the local cross-sectional structure of the slope planting unit mechanism of the application;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the water supplementing adsorption plate of the application.

[0024] In the figure: 1, ditch bank mechanism; 101, ditch main body; 102, ditch groove; 103, partition angle plate; 104, water-permeable stone cage; 2, ditch shaping water-permeable mechanism; 201, concrete prefabricated ditch plate; 202, flow guide hole; 203, canal bottom planting sleeve plate; 204, water body exchange groove; 205, water supplementing adsorption plate; 206, flow guide groove; 3, slope planting unit mechanism; 301, hexagonal planting unit; 302, soil retaining net; 303, limiting installation frame; 304, planting box; 305, planting hole; 306, positioning protrusion; 307, positioning groove; 308, partition water-permeable sleeve; 309, positioning column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 An embodiment provided by the present application: an ecological ditch for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland, comprising a ditch bank mechanism 1, a plurality of ditch shaping water permeable mechanisms 2 are linearly arranged on the inner side of the ditch bank mechanism 1, the ditch shaping water permeable mechanism 2 comprises a concrete prefabricated ditch plate 201, five planting sleeve plates 203 are installed on the inner side of the middle part of the concrete prefabricated ditch plate 201, a water body exchange groove 204 is arranged on the upper end of the planting sleeve plate 203, five slope planting unit mechanisms 3 are installed at both ends of each concrete prefabricated ditch plate 201, the slope planting unit mechanism 3 comprises a hexagonal planting unit 301, installation gaps are arranged between the adjacent two concrete prefabricated ditch plates 201 and the hexagonal planting unit 301, so as to facilitate the penetration and collection of water bodies, positioning lugs 306 are arranged on the six sides of the hexagonal planting unit 301, a positioning groove 307 is arranged on one side of the positioning lug 306, a planting box 304 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the hexagonal planting unit 301, a limiting installation frame 303 is installed on the inner side of the planting box 304, a soil retaining net 302 is installed on the inner side of the limiting installation frame 303, planting holes 305 are arranged on one side of the soil retaining net 302, a partition water permeable sleeve 308 is installed in the middle part of the planting box 304, the partition water permeable sleeve 308 and the soil retaining net 302 facilitate the stability of the slope soil, so as to avoid the slope vegetation from being washed by water flow, a positioning column 309 is installed on the inner side of the partition water permeable sleeve 308, the whole ecological reconstruction of the ditch can realize the planting of the vegetation on the slope and the bottom of the ditch, effectively avoid the loss of soil, facilitate the control of the density of the vegetation, and realize the nitrogen and phosphorus interception and purification of water bodies.

[0027] Further, five flow guide holes 202 are arranged on the inner side of both ends of the concrete prefabricated ditch plate 201, two flow guide grooves 206 are arranged on both sides of the concrete prefabricated ditch plate 201, a water supplement adsorption plate 205 is installed on the inner side of the flow guide groove 206, the bottom end of the planting sleeve plate 203 penetrates through the concrete prefabricated ditch plate 201 and is connected to the inner side of the ditch main body 101, an ecological blanket is arranged on the inner side of the planting sleeve plate 203, the ecological blanket is composed of plant fibers, geotechnical materials and mineral materials, and the ecological blanket is planted with Vallisneria, Ceratophyllum and Potamogeton, the ratio of Vallisneria, Ceratophyllum and Potamogeton is 3:3:4, and the planting sleeve plate 203 facilitates the protection and positioning planting of the vegetation on the bottom of the ditch.

[0028] Further, the ditch bank beach mechanism 1 comprises a ditch body 101, the upper end face of the ditch body 101 is provided with a ditch groove 102, both sides of the ditch groove 102 are provided with a partition angle plate 103, the upper end face of the partition angle plate 103 is provided with a water permeable stone cage 104, the cross-sectional shape of the ditch groove 102 is an inverted isosceles trapezoid, a concrete prefabricated ditch plate 201 is arranged on the inner side of the ditch groove 102, the inside of the concrete prefabricated ditch plate 201 is provided with a steel mesh, the water permeable stone cage 104 is connected with the ditch body 101 through the partition angle plate 103, the inside of the water permeable stone cage 104 is filled with pebbles, the side of the water permeable stone cage 104 away from the concrete prefabricated ditch plate 201 is provided with a farmland, the upper end faces of the concrete prefabricated ditch plate 201, the water permeable stone cage 104 and the farmland are coincident, which facilitates the diversion of water in the farmland to the inner side of the ditch groove 102 through the water permeable stone cage 104, and can reduce soil loss while having a good water conveying effect.

[0029] Further, the diversion hole 202 is connected with the diversion groove 206 in a penetrating mode, the positioning protrusion 306 is connected and installed on the inner side of the diversion groove 206, the water supplementing and adsorbing plate 205 is provided with a contact strip on the side close to the positioning column 309, and the water supplementing and adsorbing plate 205 facilitates the adsorption of water at the bottom of the ditch to the inside of the partition water permeable sleeve 308 when the water level in the ditch is low, so as to realize the water supply operation for the roots of the vegetation.

[0030] Further, the cross-sectional shape of the hexagonal planting unit 301 is a regular hexagon, the adjacent two hexagonal planting units 301 are connected and installed with each other through the positioning protrusion 306 and the positioning groove 307, the cross-sectional shapes of the positioning protrusion 306 and the positioning groove 307 are consistent, the hexagonal planting unit 301 is fixedly connected with the limiting installation frame 303 through the planting box 304, the side edges of the soil retaining net 302 are connected with the limiting installation frame 303 through a rope, the inside of the soil retaining net 302 and the planting box 304 is filled with soil, and the partition water permeable sleeve 308 is connected with the water supplementing and adsorbing plate 205 through the positioning column 309, so that the stability of the slope soil is maintained through the partition water permeable sleeve 308 and the soil retaining net 302, and the slope vegetation is prevented from being washed by water flow.

[0031] In use, the functions of each part are checked, and a plurality of concrete prefabricated ditch plates 201 are placed in a linear and uniform arrangement on the inner side of the ditch groove 102, so that the partition corner plate 103 and the inner side of the concrete prefabricated ditch plate 201 are provided with a water permeable stone cage 104, the inside of the water permeable stone cage 104 is filled with pebbles, and the side of the water permeable stone cage 104 away from the concrete prefabricated ditch plate 201 is provided with a farmland, the farmland, the water permeable stone cage 104 and the upper end surface of the concrete prefabricated ditch plate 201 are consistent, so that the water flow of the farmland can be guided to the inner side of the ditch groove 102 through the water permeable stone cage 104, and the soil loss can be reduced while having a good water conveying effect, each concrete prefabricated ditch plate 201 is provided with five flow guide holes 202 at both ends, a hexagonal planting unit 301 is installed correspondingly with the flow guide hole 202, so that the adjacent two hexagonal planting units 301 are installed by clamping the positioning protrusions 306 and the positioning grooves 307, and the installation gap is arranged between the adjacent two concrete prefabricated ditch plates 201 and the hexagonal planting units 301, so as to facilitate the permeation and collection of water, and a groove bottom planting sleeve plate 203 is installed on the inner side of the bottom end of the concrete prefabricated ditch plate 201, the inner side of the groove bottom planting sleeve plate 203 is provided with an ecological blanket, the ecological blanket is composed of plant fibers, geotechnical materials and mineral materials, and the inner side of the ecological blanket is planted with Vallisneria, Ceratophyllum and Elodea, and the ratio of Vallisneria, Ceratophyllum and Elodea is 3:3:4, so that the groove bottom vegetation can be protected and positioned by the groove bottom planting sleeve plate 203, the hexagonal planting unit 301 is fixedly connected with the limiting installation frame 303 through the planting box 304, so that the limiting installation frame 303 can fix the side edge of the soil retaining net 302 through the rope, and then the soil retaining net 302 can realize unitized planting of the vegetation on the slope through the planting hole 305, the soil is filled in the inner side of the soil retaining net 302 and the planting box 304, and the partition water permeable sleeve 308 is connected with the water supplementing and adsorbing plate 205 through the positioning column 309, so that the stability of the slope soil can be maintained by the partition water permeable sleeve 308 and the soil retaining net 302, and the slope vegetation is prevented from being washed away by water flow, and the control of the ecological density of the ditch can be realized by the placement density of the hexagonal planting unit 301 and the planting density of the vegetation in the soil retaining net 302.

[0032] It will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that, without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the application, the present application can be implemented in other specific forms. The present examples are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An ecological ditch for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland, comprising a ditch side beach mechanism (1), characterized in that: The inner side of the ditch side beach mechanism (1) is linearly arranged with a plurality of ditch shaping water permeable mechanisms (2), The ditch side beach mechanism (1) comprises a ditch main body (101), the upper end surface of the ditch main body (101) is provided with a ditch groove (102), both sides of the ditch groove (102) are provided with a partition angle plate (103), and the upper end surface of the partition angle plate (103) is provided with a water permeable stone cage (104); The ditch shaping water permeable mechanism (2) comprises a concrete prefabricated ditch plate (201), the inner side of the middle part of the concrete prefabricated ditch plate (201) is provided with five ditch bottom planting sleeve plates (203), the upper end of the ditch bottom planting sleeve plate (203) is provided with a water body exchange groove (204), both ends of each concrete prefabricated ditch plate (201) are provided with five side slope planting unit mechanisms (3), the inner side of both ends of the concrete prefabricated ditch plate (201) is provided with five flow guide holes (202), both sides of the concrete prefabricated ditch plate (201) are provided with two flow guide grooves (206), and the inner side of the flow guide groove (206) is provided with a water supplementing and adsorbing plate (205); The cross section shape of the ditch groove (102) is an inverted isosceles trapezoid, the concrete prefabricated ditch plate (201) is arranged on the inner side of the ditch groove (102), and the inside of the concrete prefabricated ditch plate (201) is provided with a steel mesh; the water permeable stone cage (104) is connected with the ditch main body (101) through the partition angle plate (103), the inside of the water permeable stone cage (104) is filled with pebbles, one side of the water permeable stone cage (104) away from the concrete prefabricated ditch plate (201) is provided with a farmland, and the upper end surfaces of the concrete prefabricated ditch plate (201), the water permeable stone cage (104) and the farmland are coincident; the bottom end of the ditch bottom planting sleeve plate (203) penetrates the concrete prefabricated ditch plate (201) and is inserted into the inner side of the ditch main body (101), the inner side of the ditch bottom planting sleeve plate (203) is provided with an ecological blanket, and the ecological blanket is composed of plant fibers, geotechnical materials and mineral materials; the inner side of the ecological blanket is planted with Vallisneria, Ceratophyllum and Elodea, and the proportion of the Vallisneria, Ceratophyllum and Elodea is 3:3:4; The side slope planting unit mechanism (3) comprises a hexagonal planting unit (301), the six sides of the hexagonal planting unit (301) are each provided with a positioning lug (306), one side of the positioning lug (306) is provided with a positioning groove (307), the inner side of the hexagonal planting unit (301) is fixedly installed with a planting box (304), the inner side of the planting box (304) is installed with a limiting installation frame (303), the inner side of the limiting installation frame (303) is installed with a soil retaining net (302), one side of the soil retaining net (302) is provided with a planting hole (305), the middle part of the planting box (304) is installed with a separation water permeable sleeve (308), the inner side of the separation water permeable sleeve (308) is installed with a positioning column (309); the flow guide hole (202) and the flow guide groove (206) are in through connection, the positioning lug (306) is in clamping installation on the inner side of the flow guide groove (206), and the side, close to the positioning column (309), of the water supplementing and adsorbing plate (205) is provided with a contact strip.

2. The ecological ditch for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section shape of the hexagonal planting unit (301) is a regular hexagon, two adjacent hexagonal planting units (301) are in clamping installation through the positioning lug (306) and the positioning groove (307), and the cross section shapes of the positioning lug (306) and the positioning groove (307) are consistent.

3. The ecological ditch for intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hexagonal planting unit (301) and the limiting installation frame (303) are fixedly connected through the planting box (304), the side of the soil retaining net (302) and the limiting installation frame (303) are connected through a rope, the inner side of the soil retaining net (302) and the planting box (304) is filled with soil, and the separation water permeable sleeve (308) and the water supplementing and adsorbing plate (205) are connected through the positioning column (309).

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