Assembly Method of Constant Force Friction Damper

Abstract

The present invention relates to an assembly method of a constant force friction damper, including at least the following steps: inserting a damper pull rod into the inner cavity of the damper housing through the opening of the damper housing; arranging corresponding friction blocks and pressing blocks in pairs in the corresponding card slots of the damper housing on two narrow sides and two wide sides; sleeving a damper sleeve on the outer side of the damper housing and fixing the two; first, passing a second pressing bolt through the damper sleeve to engage the second pressing block in the card slot on two wide sides, and then passing a first pressing bolt through the damper sleeve to engage the first pressing block in the card slot on two narrow sides, so that the pull rod maintains an equal distance from the inner cavity on two wide sides and two narrow sides in the inner cavity; pre-tightening the second pressing bolts on two wide sides to have the same pressing force, and pre-tightening the first pressing bolts on two narrow sides to have the same pressing force. In this way, the four sides of the damper can evenly bear the pre-tightening force of the pressing bolts, ensuring that each pressing bolt meets the pre-tightening force requirement and transmitting the pre-tightening force to the corresponding friction blocks on the four sides, effectively solving the problem of insufficient pre-tightening force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of friction dampers applied to the civil construction industry, especially construction machinery such as tower cranes, such as the XGT5W tower crane. More specifically, the present invention relates to an assembly method of a constant force friction damper. Background Art

[0002] It is well known that a friction damper is a metal structure that reduces the mechanical energy of a system by relying on the frictional resistance of a friction pair to generate heat. It is mostly used for seismic and wind resistance of civil engineering structures and can be widely applied to the seismic reinforcement or post-earthquake repair projects of existing civil engineering structures.

[0003] Existing traditional friction dampers play a role in vibration reduction, energy dissipation, and earthquake resistance through the cooperation of multiple friction dampers in the civil construction industry. Here, a friction damper with an overall cuboid shape is involved. It generally consists of a damper tie rod, a damper shell, a damper sleeve, a compression bolt, a pressing block, friction blocks, etc. To form such a damper, the damper tie rod needs to be assembled inside the damper shell, the damper sleeve is assembled outside the damper shell, and threaded holes are machined on the upper and lower end faces of the damper sleeve. The compression bolt passes through the threaded hole of the damper sleeve and engages with the pressing block in the clamping groove of the damper shell. The pre-tightening force of the compression bolt is transmitted to the friction block through the pressing block, so that the friction block presses the tie rod. According to the pressing force and the friction coefficient between the friction block and the damper tie rod - both of which are known, the damper friction force can be calculated. To facilitate the assembly between the damper tie rod and the damper shell, there will be gaps between the four sides of the damper tie rod and the damper shell. In the existing cuboid-shaped friction damper, the upper and lower sides are pressed by friction blocks to limit the vertical displacement during the stretching process; however, there are still gaps on the left and right sides. During the stretching process of the damper tie rod, there may be horizontal lateral inclination, so that uncontrollable friction force is generated when the damper tie rod contacts the damper shell. As a result, the actual friction force will be greater than the calculated damper friction force, thus affecting the stability of the damper force of the friction damper and leading to potential safety hazards during the use of the damper. That is to say, the assembly of the friction damper in the prior art may cause the damper to shift to one side, thus affecting the magnitude of the damper force of the friction damper.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to improve the assembly of such a damper so that the actual friction force and the calculated friction force always remain approximately constant. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention proposes to add friction blocks on both sides of the damper to achieve a new type of constant force friction damper. And to ensure reasonable assembly, a special assembly method is required to achieve the assembly of this constant force friction damper.

[0006] To this end, the present invention provides an assembly method for assembling a new type of constant force friction damper, and the assembly method includes at least the following steps:

[0007] - Provide a damper housing, a damper pull rod, and a damper sleeve that are all generally in the shape of a cuboid, and also provide a plurality of compression bolts, a plurality of pressing blocks, and a plurality of friction blocks. Among them, the wider side of the cuboid is called the wide side, and the narrower side is called the narrow side.

[0008] - Insert the damper pull rod into the inner cavity of the damper housing through the opening at one end of the damper housing.

[0009] - Pairwise and successively place a first friction block and a first pressing block into a through first card slot provided in two narrower sides of the damper housing, such that the first friction block faces the damper pull rod and the first pressing block faces away from the damper pull rod.

[0010] - Slip the damper sleeve over the outside of the damper housing and fix the damper sleeve to the damper housing.

[0011] - Pass a first compression bolt through the damper sleeve to engage the first pressing block and pre-tighten it.

[0012] It is characterized in that:

[0013] Before the step of inserting the damper pull rod into the inner cavity, the assembly method further includes the following steps: Arrange the damper housing vertically, such that the opening of the damper housing faces upward and the opposite closed end faces downward, so that the two narrower sides and the two wider sides of the damper housing are located on the front, back, left, and right four sides relative to the vertical direction.

[0014] The assembly method includes placing a second friction block and a second pressing block pairwise into corresponding through second card slots respectively provided in two wider sides of the damper housing before or after placing the first friction block and the first pressing block pairwise into the first card slot.

[0015] After corresponding pairs of first friction blocks and first pressing blocks and pairs of second friction blocks and second pressing blocks are all placed in all first and second card slots, then perform the slipping and fixing of the damper sleeve.

[0016] After slipping and fixing the damper sleeve, first pass second compression bolts through the damper sleeve to engage the second pressing blocks in the second card slots successively on the two wide sides, and then pass first compression bolts through the damper sleeve to engage the first pressing blocks in the first card slots successively on the two narrow sides, so that the damper pull rod in the inner cavity is correspondingly equidistant from the inner cavity on both the two wide sides and the two narrow sides.

[0017] Pre-tighten the second compression bolts on the two wide sides to have the same pressing force, and pre-tighten the first compression bolts on the two narrow sides to have the same pressing force.

[0018] Using the assembling method of this constant-force friction damper according to the present invention, the damper can evenly bear the pre-tightening force of the compression bolts on four sides, ensuring that each compression bolt reaches the pre-tightening force requirement and transferring the pre-tightening force to the corresponding friction blocks on four sides, effectively solving the problem of insufficient pre-tightening force and greatly improving the stability and reliability of the friction damper. Thus, in the actual use of this new type of constant-force friction damper, it can limit or even prevent the horizontal lateral displacement of the damper tie rod, so that no redundant uncontrollable friction force will be generated in the damper structure, and the damping force will be constant during the stretching process of the damper.

[0019] Advantageously, in the assembling method according to the present invention, the first friction block and the first pressing block are paired and placed into the first card slot on two narrow sides, such that the first pressing block is flush with the narrower surface of the damper housing while the first friction block protrudes from the first card slot and contacts the damper tie rod, and the second friction block and the second pressing block are paired and placed into the second card slot on two wide sides, such that the second pressing block is flush with the wider surface of the damper housing while the first friction block protrudes from the second card slot and contacts the damper tie rod.

[0020] Advantageously, in the assembling method according to the present invention, a second disc spring is further provided; the second compression bolts are successively engaged with the second pressing blocks in the second card slot on two wide sides in the following way: first, on one wide side, the second disc spring is placed through the threaded hole of the damper sleeve such that one end of the disc spring contacts the surface of the second pressing block around the threaded hole of the second pressing block; then the second compression bolt is screwed through the threaded hole of the damper sleeve, such that the rod end of the second compression bolt passes through the inside of the second disc spring and is inserted into the threaded hole of the aligned second pressing block, but does not contact the bottom of the threaded hole of the second pressing block, and at the same time the other end of the second disc spring abuts against the lower surface of the head of the second compression bolt; then, on the opposite wide side, the second disc spring and the second compression bolt are installed in the same way; then the second compression bolts are partially pre-tightened on two wide sides.

[0021] Advantageously, in the assembling method according to the present invention, a first disc spring and a guide bolt are further provided; the first compression bolts are successively engaged with the first pressing blocks in the first card slot in the following way: first, on one narrow side, the guide bolt is passed through the threaded hole of the damper sleeve and engaged into the threaded hole of the first pressing block in the first card slot; then the first disc spring is placed around the head of the guide bolt such that one end of the first disc spring abuts against the surface of the first pressing block; then the first compression bolt is screwed through the threaded hole of the damper sleeve, such that the other end of the first disc spring abuts against the lower surface of the head of the first compression bolt, and at the same time the rod end of the first compression bolt passes through the inside of the disc spring and aligns with the head of the guide bolt but does not contact the guide bolt; then, on the opposite narrow side, the guide bolt, the first disc spring and the first compression bolt are installed in the same way.

[0022] Advantageously, in the assembly method according to the present invention, corresponding first and / or second compression bolts are passed through the damper sleeve to engage first and / or second pressure blocks in the first and / or second card slots, such that the rod ends of the first and / or second compression bolts abut against the surfaces of the first and / or second pressure blocks while the heads of the first and / or second compression bolts protrude relative to the surface of the damper sleeve; after pre-tightening the first and / or second compression bolts, the first and / or second compression bolts are locked against loosening by means of a locking member provided adjacent to its threaded hole on the surface of the damper sleeve.

[0023] Advantageously, in the assembly method according to the present invention, after the second compression bolts are installed on the two wide sides, the second compression bolts are partially pre-tightened; then after the first compression bolts are installed on the two narrow sides, the first compression bolts on one narrow side and the first compression bolts on the opposite narrow side are alternately and gradually pre-tightened in a progressive manner until the first compression bolts on the two narrow sides are fully pre-tightened; then the second compression bolts on the two wide sides are fully pre-tightened.

[0024] Advantageously, in the assembly method according to the present invention, after the first and second compression bolts are both fully pre-tightened, the assembly method finally further includes the following steps: passing a connecting member through a circular pin shaft penetrating through the side wall of the damper housing and an oblong limiting hole of the damper pull rod aligned with the pin shaft hole, and fixing the connecting member relative to the pin shaft hole to allow the damper pull rod to move in the cavity.

[0025] Advantageously, in the assembly method according to the present invention, at least two second card slots are symmetrically arranged on each of the two wider surfaces of the damper housing, and two second compression bolts are used for each second card slot.

[0026] Advantageously, in the assembly method according to the present invention, at least two first card slots are symmetrically arranged on each of the two narrower surfaces of the damper housing, and at least three first compression bolts are used for each first card slot.

[0027] Advantageously, in the assembly method according to the present invention, the locking member includes a cylindrical rod fixedly provided on the damper sleeve, the cylindrical rod is provided with a through hole in the radial direction, and a locking shaft is arranged through the through hole; after pre-tightening the first and / or second compression bolts, the first and / or second compression bolts are locked by means of the locking shaft abutting against a groove on the side surface of the compression bolt head. Description of the Drawings

[0028] Other objects, features and details of the present invention can be more fully understood with reference to the following detailed description of the exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawings and according to the appended claims. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 Showing a conventional generally cuboid-shaped friction damper according to the prior art, wherein:

[0030] - Figure 1 Figure A is a side view of such a damper,

[0031] - Figure 1 Figure B is a top view thereof,

[0032] - Figure 1 Figure C is a cross-sectional view of it along the Figure 1 longitudinal intermediate cutting plane A-A of B,

[0033] - Figure 1 Figure D is Figure 1 an enlarged detailed view of the part enclosed by the circle in C;

[0034] Figure 2 indicating Figure 1 the assembling method of such a prior art friction damper shown, wherein:

[0035] - Figure 2 A, Figure 2 B and Figure 2 C show the main steps S1 to S4 of assembling such a friction damper;

[0036] Figure 3 indicating a novel constant force friction damper according to the present invention, wherein:

[0037] - Figure 3 Figure A is a side view of the constant force friction damper according to the present invention,

[0038] - Figure 3 Figure B is a cross-sectional view of the constant force friction damper according to the present invention along the Figure 3 longitudinal intermediate cutting plane B-B of A,

[0039] - Figure 3 Figure C is an enlarged detailed view of the part enclosed by the left circle in B of the constant force friction damper according to the present invention, Figure 3

[0040] - Figure 3 Figure D is an enlarged detailed view of the part enclosed by the right circle in B of the constant force friction damper according to the present invention, Figure 3

[0041] - Figure 3 Figure E is a top view thereof,

[0042] - Figure 3 Figure F is a cross-sectional view of it along the Figure 3 longitudinal intermediate cutting plane A-A of E,

[0043] - Figure 3 Figure G is an enlarged detailed view of the part enclosed by the circle in F thereof; Figure 3

[0044] ​​​Figure 4 Indicates Figure 3 The assembly method of the constant force friction damper according to the present invention as shown, wherein:

[0045] - Figure 4 A, Figure 4 B, Figure 4 C and Figure 4 D show the main steps S1 to S5 of assembling such a constant force friction damper;

[0046] Figure 5 Indicates a side view of the damper housing of the constant force friction damper according to the present invention, particularly showing the card slots on its upper, lower and side surfaces;

[0047] Figure 6 Indicates the upper surface of the damper housing of the constant force friction damper according to the present invention, wherein the pressure block and the friction block are installed in the card slots on the upper surface;

[0048] Figure 7 Indicates a perspective view of the connecting member, which is used to connect through the circular pin hole of the damper housing and the oblong limiting hole of the damper pull rod.

[0049] Wherein the same reference numerals refer to similar or identical elements throughout the drawings and their descriptions.

[0050] In addition, the various features of the drawings discussed below are not necessarily drawn to scale. The dimensions of the various features and elements in the drawings may be enlarged or reduced to more clearly show the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0051] The illustrative embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this specification, for the sake of explanation only, various systems, structures and devices are schematically depicted in the drawings, but not all features of the actual systems, structures and devices are described. For example, well-known functions or structures are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details.

[0052] It should be further noted that the present application relates to a friction damper having a generally cuboid shape with a rectangular cross-section.

[0053] For the sake of clear description, a coordinate system (V, L, T) is shown in the relevant drawings. The horizontal direction of the drawing surface, i.e., the direction in which the damper tie rod 1 is inserted into the inner cavity of the damper housing 3, is regarded as the longitudinal direction L, and the dimension along this longitudinal direction is called the length; the vertical direction of the drawing surface is regarded as the vertical direction V, and the dimension along this vertical direction is called the height; and the direction perpendicular to both the longitudinal direction L and the vertical direction V is called the transverse direction T, and the dimension along this transverse direction is called the width. In addition, the longitudinal direction L in the drawing is pointed from right (referred to as the front or front part of the damper or its component) to left (referred to as the rear or rear part of the damper or its component), the vertical direction V is pointed from bottom (referred to as the lower or lower part of the damper or its component) to top (referred to as the upper or upper part of the damper or its component), and the two surfaces on the left and right sides of the damper or its component along the transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L and perpendicular to the vertical direction V are called the side surfaces or lateral surfaces.

[0054] In addition, as Figure 1 , 3 shown, for this friction damper in the shape of a cuboid involved in the present invention, its upper and lower surfaces are narrow surfaces but have relatively thick walls and play a major role, while the side surfaces on the left and right sides in the transverse direction are wide surfaces but are thinner than the upper and lower surfaces and play a secondary auxiliary role in the solution according to the present invention.

[0055] It should also be reminded that the above-mentioned up, down, left, right, front, and rear are relative to the friction damper being horizontally placed with its lower surface resting on a support. In fact, as will be described below, when assembling the constant-force friction damper according to the present invention, it is necessary to first vertically arrange the damper housing 3 so that its front part with an opening leading to its generally cuboid-shaped inner cavity is vertically upward, and its closed rear part is vertically downward. Therefore, at this time, its upper surface, lower surface, and the left and right side surfaces actually become in the relative front, rear, left, and right directions. Therefore, for the convenience of description, hereinafter, the narrow surface will refer to the main upper and lower surfaces of the corresponding component in the plane (L, T) when horizontally placed, and the narrow-side will be called the narrow side, for example, see Figure 1 B and Figure 3 E; and the wide surface will refer to the secondary two side surfaces of the corresponding component in the plane (L, V) when horizontally placed, for example, see Figure 1 A and Figure 3 A, and the wide-side will be called the wide side.

[0056] In addition, when the friction damper is installed between different components of, for example, a tower crane after being assembled to avoid the harsh working conditions during the operation of the tower crane, the upper surface of the friction damper when horizontally placed is actually obliquely upward during use.

[0057] Now return to the drawings. First, see Figure 1 , Figure 1 Although a conventional friction damper in a generally cuboid shape according to the prior art is shown, it should be noted that hereinafter, in combination with Figure 1The structure of the described friction damper also exists in the constant force friction damper according to the present invention as shown in Figure 3 A- Figure 3 G. Figure 3 The friction damper according to

[0058] generally includes a damper tie rod 1, a damper sleeve 2, a damper housing 3 having a circular through pin hole 3a, a pressure block 9, a friction block 10, and a compression bolt 6, and also includes a disc spring 7 and a guide bolt 8 that cooperate with the compression bolt 6, and they are all made of metal. The damper tie rod 1 is provided with an oblong limit hole 1a on the end side where it is inserted into the damper housing 3, see Figure 1 C. In the assembled state, the pin hole 3a as shown in Figure 1 A on the side surface of the damper housing is aligned with the limit hole 1a and is located at the right end of the limit hole. As shown in Figure 1 A, the connecting member 4 passes through the pin hole 3a and the limit hole 1a to connect the damper housing 3 and the damper tie rod 1, so that the connecting member is fixed to the pin hole, and the damper tie rod 1 is allowed to move within the range between the left end of the limit hole 1a and the connecting member 4 fixed to the pin hole 3a when subjected to an external tensile force. Of course, the movable stroke range of the damper tie rod 1 can be adjusted as needed, so that the pin hole 3a is located at a certain position between the left and right ends of the limit hole 1a, and the damper housing 3 is fixed relative to the damper tie rod 1 by using the connecting member 4, and the damper tie rod 1 is movable within the range between the left end of the limit hole and this certain position. Figure 1 As shown in

[0059] In the friction damper of the prior art, the damper housing 3 is only provided with through slots for arranging the pressure block and the friction block on both its upper and lower surfaces. For example, there are two slots each here, that is, there are two upper slots on the upper surface and two lower slots on the lower surface, as shown in Figure 2 A.

[0060] Figure 2 shows the assembly method of the friction damper according to the prior art. As shown by the reference numeral S1 in Figure 2 A, first, the damper tie rod 1 is inserted into the inner cavity of the damper housing 3 from the front opening of the damper housing 3; then, as shown by the reference numeral S2 in Figure 2 A, the pressure block 9 and the friction block 10 are installed in pairs in the upper and lower slots 3b of the damper housing on the upper and lower sides, so that the friction block 10 faces the tie rod and the pressure block faces away from the tie rod; then, as shown by the reference numeral S3 in Figure 2 B, the damper sleeve 2 is installed outside the damper housing 3 and fixed by a fixing bolt 5 as shown in Figure 1 C; then, as shown in Figure 2As shown by reference numeral S4 of C, the compression bolt 6, the disc spring 7, and the guide bolt 8 are installed. For this purpose, the compression bolt 6, the disc spring 7, and the guide bolt 8 are installed on the upper side in the following manner: The guide bolt 8 is screwed into the threaded hole in the pressure block 9 through the threaded hole of the damper sleeve 2; then the disc spring 7 is placed around the head of the guide bolt so that one end of the disc spring abuts against the surface of the pressure block; then the compression bolt 6 is screwed into the threaded hole of the damper sleeve 2 so that the other end of the first disc spring abuts against the lower surface of the head of the compression bolt, and at the same time the rod end of the compression bolt 6 passes through the inside of the disc spring 7 and aligns with the head of the guide bolt 8 but does not contact the guide bolt. This can be clearly seen from Figure 1 D. Tightening the bolt 6 in this way can transmit its pre-tightening force to the friction block 10 through the disc spring and the guide bolt via the pressure block 9 so that the friction block presses the damper tie rod.

[0061] At this time, it is possible to judge whether the compression bolt is installed in place according to the distance between the damper tie rod and the damper housing. After the upper compression bolt is installed in place, the damper is turned over and the lower compression bolt 6, the disc spring 7, and the guide bolt 8 are installed in a similar manner.

[0062] After the lower compression bolt is installed in place according to the above steps, the lower compression bolt is pre-tightened at 100% of the specified bolt pre-tightening force. After the lower bolt pre-tightening is completed, the upper pre-tightening bolt is pre-tightened at 100% of the specified bolt pre-tightening force. After the pre-tightening is completed, the pre-tightening force of the compression bolt is transmitted to the friction block through the pressure block, so that the friction block presses the damper tie rod by close contact. For this, reference can be made to Figure 1 C and 1D. Finally, the connecting piece 4 can be installed as described above to realize the controlled movement of the damper tie rod 1 in the damper housing 3. Thus, the traditional friction damper is assembled. However, since this assembly method only uses friction blocks to press the damper tie rod on the upper side and the lower side, that is, the two narrow sides, it may cause the damper to shift laterally to one side or the other, and even shift to the extent that the damper tie rod contacts the damper housing, which will affect the magnitude of the damping force of the friction damper.

[0063] To overcome the above-mentioned defects of the friction damper of the prior art, the present invention proposes to add components such as friction blocks, pressure blocks, and compression bolts on the left and right sides of the damper along the transverse direction T, that is, on the two wide sides. By pressing the paired pressure blocks and friction blocks by the compression bolts on the two wide sides, the friction block restricts or even prevents the horizontal lateral movement of the damper tie rod, and the lateral damper friction force can be calculated according to the lateral bolt pressing force and the friction coefficient between the friction block and the damper tie rod. At this time, the friction forces on the upper and lower surfaces are superimposed with the lateral friction force to be the damping force of the friction damper. Using this method, the horizontal lateral movement of the damper tie rod can be restricted, and the damper structure will not generate excessive uncontrollable friction forces, and a constant damping force will be achieved during the stretching process of the damper.

[0064] Figure 3shows a novel constant-force friction damper according to the present invention. It is different from the friction damper of the prior art shown in Figure 1 that friction blocks 10, pressure blocks 9, compression bolts 6 and other components are additionally provided on the left and right sides along the transverse direction T. The rest of the structure is substantially the same as that described by referring to Figure 1 , 2 and will not be elaborated herein.

[0065] Figure 3 Figure A shows a side view of the constant-force friction damper according to the present invention. On this wide side, compared with Figure 1 Figure A, in Figure 3 Figure A, two pairs of compression bolts 6 that are longitudinally aligned with the circular pin holes 3a on the damper housing 3 can be seen, and each pair has two compression bolts 6. Figure 3 Figure B is a cross-sectional view along the longitudinal middle section plane B-B of Figure 3 Figure A. As shown in Figure 3 Figure A, the pin holes 3a and the compression bolts 6 are located on this longitudinal middle section plane, but this is not restrictive. Two through side slots 3b are provided on each of the left and right side surfaces of the damper housing 3, that is, on the two wider surfaces. For example, reference can be made to Figure 4 Figure A and Figure 5 . It can be seen more clearly from the Figure 3 Figure B cross-section that each side slot 3b houses a pair of friction blocks 11 and pressure blocks 12, and then the friction blocks 11 are pressed against the damper pull rod 1 by the two compression bolts 6 through the pressure blocks 12. As shown in more detail in Figure 3 Figure C, on this side called the wide side, one end of the disc spring 7 contacts the surface of the pressure block 12 around the threaded hole of the pressure block 12, and the other end of the disc spring 7 abuts against the lower surface of the head of the compression bolt 6 screwed into the threaded hole of the damper sleeve 2. The rod end of the compression bolt passes through the inside of the disc spring and is located in the aligned threaded hole of the pressure block 12, but does not contact the bottom of the threaded hole of the pressure block. Here, the function of the disc spring 7 is on the one hand to increase the contact area with the pressure block, and on the other hand to play a role in preventing the compression bolt from loosening. In this way, the compression bolt 6 can exert an action on the pressure block 12 through the disc spring 7 to transmit the pre-tightening force of the compression bolt to the friction block 11 under the pressure block, so that the friction block presses the damper pull rod.

[0066] Here, compared with the arrangement on the upper and lower sides, that is, the two narrow sides, as shown in Figure 3 Figure F-3G, guide bolts 8 are not used. In addition, the disc springs 7 and compression bolts 6 used on the wide side can be similar to or different from the disc springs 7 and compression bolts 6 used on the upper and lower sides, that is, the narrow sides.

[0067] Figure 3 Figure E, Figure 3 Figure F and Figure 3 Figure G are similar to Figure 1 Figure B, Figure 1 Figure C and Figure 1D showing the prior art.Figure 3 Figure E shows a top view of the constant force friction damper according to the present invention, from which the upper side of the constant force friction damper can be seen. Figure 3 Figure F is a sectional view taken along the longitudinal intermediate section plane A-A of E, and this intermediate section plane passes through the compression bolts in the middle of the upper and lower sides. As Figure 3 can be seen from Figure F, in a similar manner, friction blocks 10, pressure blocks 9, compression bolts 6, disc springs 7, guide bolts 8 and corresponding card slots and other components similar to those in the prior art damper are provided on the upper and lower sides of the constant force friction damper. For this, reference can be made to the detailed description of the friction damper of the prior art given above. Figure 3

[0068] Now, the structures on the left and right sides, i.e., the two wide sides, of the constant force friction damper according to the present invention will be mainly described.

[0069] Referring to Figure 4 A-4B and Figure 5 , two side card slots 3b are respectively provided at the longitudinal middle parts of the two wide sides of the damper housing 3, and these two side card slots are located on the right side parts of the corresponding wider surfaces. The right card slot in the two side card slots is close to the front opening of the damper housing 3 for inserting the damper pull rod 1, and the other left card slot is close to the pin hole 3a located on the left side part of the corresponding wider surface. As Figure 3 shown in Figure 4 A, Figure 5 A-4B and Figure 5 , the left end of the damper housing 3 along the longitudinal direction is in an arc shape and is provided with a hole for connecting to relevant components that need to use the damper. Particularly in

[0070] , two card slots on each of the upper and lower surfaces, i.e., the two narrow surfaces, can also be seen. The corresponding upper card slot and lower card slot are basically aligned longitudinally with the side card slots.

[0071] However, it should be reminded that the above-described arrangement is only given as an example. More corresponding card slots can be arranged on the damper housing according to needs. For example, more than two, such as three or four, upper card slots and the same number of symmetrically arranged lower card slots can be arranged, or three or four side card slots can be symmetrically arranged on each side surface. The upper and lower card slots and the side card slots do not have to be correspondingly aligned vertically generally.

[0072] For obtaining the novel constant force friction damper proposed by the present invention, a special assembly method needs to be adopted to ensure reasonable installation. Figure 4 For this, the assembly method of this novel constant force friction damper according to the present invention will be further described below with reference to Figure 4 including Figure 4 A-

[0073] and with reference to Figure 2Similar to the assembly method of the friction damper according to the prior art described, when assembling the friction damper of the present invention, it is also necessary to insert the damper pull rod 1 into the inner cavity of the damper housing 3 through the front opening of the damper housing 3, as shown by the reference sign S1 in Figure 4 Figure A; then, as shown by the reference sign S2 in Figure 4 Figure A, the corresponding pressure blocks and friction blocks are installed in pairs into the corresponding card slots of the damper housing, such that the friction blocks 10 face the pull rod while the pressure blocks face away from the pull rod; then, as shown by the reference sign S3 in Figure 4 Figure B, the damper sleeve 2 is sleeved longitudinally around the pull rod head of the damper pull rod 1 that exposes outside the inner cavity of the damper housing 3 and moved backward until the threaded holes 21 on the corresponding surface of the damper sleeve 2 are aligned with the corresponding card slots on the damper housing 3, that is, aligned with the pressure block - friction block pairs in the card slots, as shown by the reference sign S4 in Figure 4 Figure C. Thus, the damper sleeve 2 is sleeved around the damper housing 3 outside the damper housing 3, and the damper housing 3 and the damper sleeve 2 are fixed together by passing a fixing bolt 5 as shown in Figure 3 Figure E - 3F through the threaded holes in the upper and lower surfaces of the damper sleeve 2 and the corresponding threaded holes in the damper housing that are aligned with the threaded holes.

[0074] However, different from the prior art, as described above, side card slots 3b are provided on each side surface, i.e., the wider surfaces, of the damper housing 3, see Figure 4 Figures A - 4B. Accordingly, in addition to the threaded holes for the clamping bolts 6 provided in the upper and lower surfaces of the damper sleeve 2, similar threaded holes 21 for the clamping bolts 6 are also provided on the left and right lateral side surfaces of the damper sleeve 2, as shown in Figure 4 Figure B. Exemplarily, two pairs of threaded holes are provided on each side surface of the damper sleeve 2, and the two threaded holes of one pair correspond to one side card slot on the damper housing 3 for two tightening bolts 6 to engage the pressure block in the card slot through them. Of course, this arrangement is not restrictive.

[0075] In addition, as also mentioned above, when assembling the constant - force friction damper according to the present invention, before inserting the damper pull rod 1 into the inner cavity of the damper housing 3, it is necessary to first vertically arrange the damper housing 3, for example, by hoisting or any other suitable means, such that its front opening faces vertically upward and its opposite closed rear end faces vertically downward. At this time, the upper and lower surfaces of the damper housing, i.e., the narrower surfaces, and the left and right lateral side surfaces, i.e., the wider surfaces, actually become in the relative front - back - left - right four - side directions.

[0076] After vertically arranging the damper housing 3 in this way, the damper pull rod 1 is inserted into the inner cavity of the damper housing through the upward - facing opening of the damper housing at this time. At this time, the damper pull rod moves under the action of gravity until the arc - shaped rear end thereof is held at a short distance from the arc - shaped bottom of the inner cavity of the damper housing 3. For example, see Figure 3as shown in the left part of the sectional view of F. At this time, the circular pin hole 3a of the damper housing 3 and the limit hole 1a of the damper tie rod 1 are aligned horizontally, as Figure 4 shown in A-4D, and the pin hole 3a is positioned near the right end of the limit hole 1a.

[0077] Different from the method according to the prior art, in addition to mounting the pressure blocks 9 and friction blocks 10 in pairs on the clamping grooves 3b on the two narrow sides of the damper housing at the upper and lower sides, that is, at the two narrow sides at this time, it is also necessary to place the pressure blocks 12 and friction blocks 11 in pairs into the clamping grooves on the two wide sides of the damper housing 3. There is no special requirement for the order of mounting the pressure block-friction block pairs on the narrow sides and wide sides, and it can be carried out according to needs.

[0078] In addition, the corresponding friction blocks and pressure blocks are placed in pairs in the corresponding clamping grooves on the two wide sides and on the two narrow sides, so that the pressure blocks are flush with the corresponding outer surfaces of the damper housing while the friction blocks protrude from the clamping grooves and contact the damper tie rod. At this time, it can actually be roughly ensured that the damper tie rod 1 is in a centered position in the inner cavity of the damper housing 3, that is, it is at a substantially equal distance from the inner cavity walls on the two wide sides and on the two narrow sides, also known as the internal clearance.

[0079] More precisely, the sum of the thicknesses of the friction block 10 and the pressure block 9 is greater than the depth of the clamping groove 3b penetrating the damper housing wall. As Figure 3 shown in F-3G, the friction block 10 and the pressure block 9 have the same dimension or length in the longitudinal direction; and as Figure 6 schematically shown, the friction block 10 and the pressure block 9 have different dimensions or widths in the horizontal direction, and the pressure block 9 is wider than the friction block 10. The length of the clamping groove 3b can be substantially the same as the length of the friction block 10 and the pressure block 9, and the width of the clamping groove 3b is substantially the same as the width of the pressure block 9, so that the clamping groove can hold the friction block 10 / pressure block 9 pair. The same applies to the friction block 11 and the pressure block 12.

[0080] In addition, when mounting the friction blocks and pressure blocks in pairs, for example, the friction blocks and pressure blocks can be first assembled together by bolt connection and then the whole is placed into the corresponding clamping grooves. Of course, the friction blocks and pressure blocks can also be separately placed into the clamping grooves in sequence.

[0081] It is known that in the method of the prior art, after the damper sleeve 2 is mounted around the damper housing 3, as described above, the compression bolts 6, disc springs 7, and guide bolts 8 are first mounted in place on the upper side, and then the damper is flipped to mount the compression bolts 6, disc springs 7, and guide bolts 8 on the lower side in place, and then the compression bolts on the upper and lower sides are fully pre-tightened according to 100% of the specified bolt pre-tightening force.

[0082] However, in the assembly method according to the present invention, before mounting the compression bolts 6, disc springs 7, and guide bolts 8 on the upper and lower sides, that is, on the two narrow sides, it is necessary to first mount the compression bolts 6 and disc springs 7 on the two transverse sides, that is, on the two wide sides. AsFigure 3 As shown in the enlarged view of C, the guide bolt 8 is not used here. First, on one of the two wide sides, the disc spring 7 is placed through the threaded hole of the damper sleeve 2 such that at one end it contacts the surface of the pressure block 12 around the threaded hole of the pressure block; then the tightening bolt 6 is screwed through the threaded hole of the damper sleeve 2 so that the rod end of the tightening bolt is inserted into the aligned threaded hole of the pressure block, but does not touch the bottom of the threaded hole of the pressure block. At the same time, the other end of the disc spring 7 abuts against the lower surface of the head of the tightening bolt. In this way, the tightening bolt 6 can resist the action exerted by the disc spring 7 on the pressure block 12 by squeezing the disc spring, and then the pressure block 12 transmits the pre-tightening force of the tightening bolt to the friction block 11 in contact with the damper pull rod 1; then on the other opposite wide side, the disc spring 7 and the tightening bolt 6 are installed in a similar manner; then on the two wide sides, that is, the side surfaces in the plane (L, V) when the damper is placed horizontally, for example, using a hydraulic torque wrench, the tightening bolts are partially pre-tightened, for example, the bolts on both sides are pre-tightened according to a certain proportion, such as 30%, of the specified bolt pre-tightening force. In fact, after installing the tightening bolts on one wide side, it is necessary to judge by visual inspection or more accurately by using tools the state of the internal clearance between the damper pull rod and the damper housing, that is, the distance in the direction of the two wide sides. If this distance changes during the installation process, if the distance on this wide side becomes smaller, then the distance is slightly adjusted when installing the tightening bolts on this wide side to ensure that the distances between the damper pull rod and the housing on the two wide sides are equal; and if the distance on this wide side becomes larger, then it can be adjusted when installing the tightening bolts on the other wide side to ensure that the distances between the damper pull rod and the housing on the two wide sides are equal. Thus, the damper pull rod 1 is in a centered position between the two wide sides in the inner cavity of the damper housing 3, and by partially pre-tightening the tightening bolts on the two wide sides, this centered position of the pull rod can be maintained.

[0083] After partially pre-tightening the tightening bolts on the two wide sides, the tightening bolts on the two narrow sides are installed. The installation method is similar to the method described with reference to Figure 2 but does not require a flipping step. Just install the tightening bolts successively on the two narrow sides because in the installation method according to the present application, the damper housing 3 has been previously erected vertically and then subsequent installations are carried out. This will not be repeated here.

[0084] Similarly, when installing the guide bolts, disc springs, and compression bolts on the two narrow sides, it is also necessary to judge the clearance condition between the damper tie rod and the damper housing on the narrow sides. That is, after installing the compression bolt on one of the narrow sides, visually or more accurately by using tools to measure the state of the internal clearance between the damper tie rod and the damper housing. If the clearance changes during the installation process, if the clearance on this narrow side becomes smaller, then slightly adjust the clearance when installing the compression bolt to ensure that the clearances between the damper tie rod and the housing on the two narrow sides are equal; and if the clearance on the other narrow side becomes larger, then it can be adjusted when installing the compression bolt on the other narrow side to ensure that the clearances between the damper tie rod and the housing on the two narrow sides are equal. Thus, the damper tie rod 1 is also in the centered position in the inner cavity of the damper housing 3 on the two narrow sides.

[0085] After installing the compression bolts on the two narrow sides, for example, use a hydraulic automatic wrench to gradually and alternately pre-tighten the compression bolts on one narrow side and the compression bolts on the opposite narrow side step by step until the compression bolts on the two narrow sides are fully pre-tightened. For example, after tightening the compression bolt on the other narrow side, pre-tighten the bolt on this side at a certain proportion of the specified bolt pre-tightening force, such as 50%, and then pre-tighten the compression bolt on this narrow side at 100% of the specified bolt pre-tightening force, and then pre-tighten the compression bolt on the other narrow side at 100% of the specified bolt pre-tightening force. Of course, this is only exemplary, not restrictive. For example, the compression bolts on the two narrow sides can be gradually pre-tightened in turn at 30% and 40% of the specified bolt pre-tightening force. This also applies to pre-tightening the compression bolts on the two wide sides. After the compression bolts on the two narrow sides are installed in place and fully pre-tightened, pre-tighten the compression bolts on the two wide sides again to make the bolt pre-tightening force reach the specified bolt pre-tightening force.

[0086] Adopting this progressive sequential pre-tightening method aims to ensure that the damper tie rod located in the inner cavity of the damper housing will not shift due to excessive pre-tightening force, thus always maintaining its generally centered position in the inner cavity.

[0087] After such installation is completed, the damper tie rod 1 is in close contact with the friction blocks through the compression bolts on the two narrow sides (the upper and lower surfaces when placed horizontally) and on the two wide sides (the left and right lateral surfaces when placed horizontally) and maintains a definite and known frictional damping force.

[0088] Actually, after that, to complete the assembly of the damper, it is also necessary to use, for example Figure 7 the connecting piece 4 shown to connect the damper housing 3 and the damper tie rod 1, so as to realize that when the damper works, that is, when it is installed between two components that may reduce vibration, absorb energy, and resist earthquake, the damper tie rod 1 can move controllably in the inner cavity of the damper housing 3.

[0089] For this purpose, the pin shaft of the connecting member 4 is passed through the circular pin hole 3a penetrating the side wall of the damper housing 3 and the oblong limiting hole 1a of the damper pull rod 1 aligned with the pin hole, and the connecting member is fixed relative to the pin hole with a round nut, but the damper pull rod is allowed to move. This has been described above with reference to Figure 1 B as well.

[0090] Figure 7 A perspective view shows an embodiment of the connecting member 4. The connecting member 4 includes a pin shaft, washers, round nuts, and round nut locking washers. The pin shaft passes through the pin hole 3a and the limiting hole 1a, and then washers and round nut locking washers are arranged on both sides, and the pin shaft is locked at both ends of the pin shaft with round nuts, so that the connecting member 4 is fixed to the pin hole 3a, but the damper pull rod 1 is allowed to move within the range between the left end of the limiting hole and the pin hole 3a where the connecting member 4 is fixed when subjected to an external tensile force. Of course, other forms can also be considered as long as the foregoing functions can be achieved.

[0091] In addition, as shown in Figure 3 E, corresponding to a card slot on the damper housing on the upper and lower surfaces, that is, the two narrow sides, 6 pressing bolts are preferably used, and a total of 12 pressing bolts 6 are used for two card slots on each narrow side. Of course, this quantity is not restrictive, and more or fewer pressing bolts can be used for more card slots according to actual needs. In addition, even though 6 pressing bolts can be used for each card slot, not all 6 pressing bolts are used, and only some of the pressing bolts can be used. However, in any case, in order to keep the pressing force on the upper and lower surfaces the same, pressing bolts with the same total quantity and symmetric distribution are used to ensure that the pressing force on the upper and lower surfaces is the same. It should be reminded here that the pressing force is the sum of the specified pre-tightening forces of each pressing bolt multiplied by its quantity.

[0092] For the left and right side surfaces, that is, the two wide sides, as shown in Figure 3 A and 3B, two card slots are preferably provided for each wide side, and two pressing bolts 6 are used for each card slot on the two wide sides. Similarly, this quantity is not restrictive, and more pressing bolts can be used for more card slots according to actual needs. However, in order to keep the pressing force on the two wide sides the same, pressing bolts with the same total quantity and symmetric distribution are used to ensure that the total pressing force on the two wide sides is the same.

[0093] In addition, it should be reminded that the friction blocks on the upper and lower sides, that is, the two narrow sides, of the constant force friction damper according to the present invention play a major role, so the number of pressing bolts used correspondingly is relatively more than the number of pressing bolts used on the two wide sides, and the latter only plays a secondary role in maintaining and supporting the pull rod. Moreover, it is known that the damper walls on the two wide sides of the present invention are thicker than the damper walls on the two narrow sides.

[0094] In addition, in addition to the method of installing the compression bolts on the two wide sides and the two narrow sides described above, other methods can also be adopted. For example, the disc spring 7 and the guide bolt 8 can be not used, and only the compression bolt 6 is used. The compression bolt 6 is screwed into the threaded hole 21 of the damper sleeve 2, so that the end of the compression bolt rod abuts against the surface of the pressure block and the head of the compression bolt protrudes relative to the damper sleeve; in this case, it is necessary to pre-tighten the compression bolt first, and then lock the compression bolt by means of the anti-loosening component provided adjacent to the threaded hole of the damper sleeve 2 on the damper sleeve 2 to prevent it from loosening. Such an anti-loosening component can be realized, for example, as follows: a cylindrical rod is fixedly arranged near the threaded hole of the damper sleeve 2 for receiving the compression bolt, a through hole is radially formed in the cylindrical rod, and the anti-loosening shaft is arranged through the through hole. After the compression bolt is pre-tightened, the anti-loosening shaft passing through the through hole is abutted against the groove on the side surface of the head of the compression bolt, so as to lock the compression bolt. This embodiment is not shown in the figure. It is suitable to replace the method of installing the compression bolts on the two wide sides and the two narrow sides described above.

[0095] In fact, the present invention may include any feature or combination of features or generalizations thereof implicitly or explicitly disclosed herein, and is not limited to any defined scope listed above. Any element, feature and / or structural arrangement described herein can be combined in any suitable manner.

[0096] The specific embodiments disclosed above are merely exemplary, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art who benefit from the teachings herein that the present invention can be modified and implemented in different but equivalent ways. For example, the above method steps can be executed in a different order. In addition, except as described in the following claims, the details of the structures or designs shown herein are not limited. Therefore, it is obvious that the specific embodiments disclosed above can be changed and modified, and all such variations are considered to fall within the scope and spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the protection sought herein is set forth in the appended claims.

Claims

1. An assembling method for a constant-force friction damper, the assembling method comprising at least the following steps: - Provide a damper housing (3), a damper pull rod (1), and a damper sleeve (2), all of which are generally rectangular parallelepiped in shape. Also provide a plurality of compression bolts (6), a plurality of pressing blocks, and a plurality of friction blocks, wherein, The wider side of the cuboid is called the wide side, and the narrower side is called the narrow side. - Insert the damper pull rod (1) into the inner cavity of the damper housing (3) through the opening at one end of the damper housing. - Successively place the first friction block (10) and the first pressing block (9) in pairs into the through first card slots provided in the two narrower sides of the damper housing (3), such that the first friction block faces the damper pull rod and the first pressing block faces away from the damper pull rod. - Slip the damper sleeve (2) over the outside of the damper housing (3) and fix the damper sleeve to the damper housing. - Pass the first tightening bolt through the damper sleeve (2) to engage the first pressing block (9) and pre-tighten it. It is characterized in that: Before the step of inserting the damper pull rod into the inner cavity, the assembling method further comprises the following step: Arrange the damper housing (3) vertically, such that the opening of the damper housing faces upward and the opposite closed end faces downward, so that the two narrower sides and the two wider sides of the damper housing are located on the front, back, left, and right four sides relative to the vertical direction. The assembling method includes placing the second friction block (11) and the second pressing block (12) in pairs into the corresponding through second card slots respectively provided in the two wider sides of the damper housing (3) before or after placing the first friction block (10) and the first pressing block (9) in pairs into the first card slots. After the corresponding pairs of first friction blocks and first pressing blocks and pairs of second friction blocks and second pressing blocks are placed in all the first and second card slots, then perform the slipping and fixing of the damper sleeve (2). After slipping and fixing the damper sleeve, first pass the second tightening bolts through the damper sleeve to engage the second pressing blocks (12) in the second card slots successively on the two wide sides, and then pass the first tightening bolts through the damper sleeve to engage the first pressing blocks (9) in the first card slots successively on the two narrow sides, so that the damper pull rod is maintained at an equal distance from the inner cavity on both the two wide sides and the two narrow sides in the inner cavity. Pre-tighten the second tightening bolts on the two wide sides to have the same pressing force, and pre-tighten the first tightening bolts on the two narrow sides to have the same pressing force.

2. The assembly method according to claim 1, wherein Place the first friction block (10) and the first pressing block (9) in pairs into the first card slots on the two narrow sides, such that the first pressing block is flush with the narrower side of the damper housing and the first friction block protrudes from the first card slot and contacts the damper pull rod, and place the second friction block (11) and the second pressing block (12) in pairs into the second card slots on the two wide sides, such that the second pressing block is flush with the wider side of the damper housing and the first friction block protrudes from the second card slot and contacts the damper pull rod.

3. The assembling method according to claim 2, characterized in that, A second disc spring (7) is further provided; the second pressing bolts are successively engaged with the second pressing blocks (12) in the second card slots on both wide sides in the following manner: First, on one wide side, the second disc spring (7) is placed through the threaded hole of the damper sleeve (2) such that one end of the disc spring contacts the surface of the second pressing block around the threaded hole of the second pressing block (12); then the second pressing bolt is screwed into the threaded hole of the damper sleeve (2) such that the rod end of the second pressing bolt passes through the inside of the second disc spring and is inserted into the aligned threaded hole of the second pressing block, but does not contact the bottom of the threaded hole of the second pressing block, while the other end of the second disc spring (7) abuts against the lower surface of the head of the second pressing bolt; then on the other opposite wide side, the second disc spring (7) and the second pressing bolt are installed in the same manner; then the second pressing bolts are partially pre-tightened on both wide sides.

4. The assembly method according to claim 3, wherein, A first disc spring (7) and a guide bolt (8) are further provided; the first pressing bolts are successively engaged with the first pressing blocks (9) in the first card slots in the following manner: First, on one narrow side, the guide bolt (8) is passed through the threaded hole of the damper sleeve (2) and engaged into the threaded hole of the first pressing block (9) in the first card slot; then the first disc spring (7) is placed around the head of the guide bolt such that one end of the first disc spring abuts against the surface of the first pressing block; then the first pressing bolt is screwed into the threaded hole of the damper sleeve (2) such that the other end of the first disc spring abuts against the lower surface of the head of the first pressing bolt, while the rod end of the first pressing bolt passes through the inside of the disc spring and is aligned with the head of the guide bolt (8) but does not contact the guide bolt; then on the other opposite narrow side, the guide bolt (8), the first disc spring (7) and the first pressing bolt are installed in the same manner.

5. The assembly method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The corresponding first and / or second pressing bolts are passed through the damper sleeve (2) to engage the first and / or second pressing blocks in the first and / or second card slots such that the rod ends of the first and / or second pressing bolts abut against the surfaces of the first and / or second pressing blocks while the heads of the first and / or second pressing bolts protrude relative to the surface of the damper sleeve (2); after pre-tightening the first and / or second pressing bolts, the first and / or second pressing bolts are locked against loosening by means of anti-loosening components provided adjacent to the threaded holes on the surface of the damper sleeve (2).

6. The assembly method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, After the second pressing bolts are installed on both wide sides, the second pressing bolts are partially pre-tightened; then after the first pressing bolts are installed on both narrow sides, the first pressing bolts on one narrow side and the first pressing bolts on the other opposite narrow side are pre-tightened alternately step by step in a progressive manner until the first pressing bolts on both narrow sides are fully pre-tightened; then the second pressing bolts on both wide sides are fully pre-tightened.

7. The assembly method according to claim 6, wherein After the first and second pressing bolts are both fully pre-tightened, the assembly method finally further includes the following steps: The connecting member (4) is passed through the circular pin hole (3a) penetrating the side wall of the damper housing (3) and the oblong limiting hole (1a) of the damper pull rod (1) aligned with the pin hole, and the connecting member is fixed relative to the pin hole to allow the damper pull rod to move in the cavity.

8. The assembly method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, At least two second card slots are symmetrically provided on each of the two wider surfaces of the damper housing (3), and two second pressing bolts are used for each second card slot.

9. The assembly method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that On each of the two narrower surfaces of the damper housing (3), at least two first clamping grooves are symmetrically arranged, and at least three first clamping bolts are used for each first clamping groove.

10. The assembly method according to claim 5, characterized in that The anti-loosening component includes a cylindrical rod fixedly arranged on the damper sleeve (2). The cylindrical rod is provided with a through hole in the radial direction, and the anti-loosening shaft is arranged through the through hole; after pre-tightening the first and / or second clamping bolts, the first and / or second clamping bolts are locked by means of the anti-loosening shaft abutting against the groove on the side of the head of the clamping bolt.

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