A device for building settlement detection and a detection method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a device for building settlement detection and a detection method thereof, and relates to the technical field of building settlement detection.The device comprises a plurality of single-point detection mechanisms, first connecting pipes are arranged between two adjacent single-point detection mechanisms, and a comprehensive detection mechanism is further arranged.The second connecting pipe is arranged between the comprehensive detection mechanism and the outermost single-point detection mechanism.The mounting frames are arranged on the outer surfaces of the single-point detection mechanisms and the comprehensive detection mechanism.The concrete bases are arranged at the lower ends of the mounting frames and are embedded in the ground.The closed pipeline is formed among the single-point detection mechanisms, the first connecting pipes, the second connecting pipe and the comprehensive detection mechanism, and the closed pipeline is filled with water.The single-point detection mechanisms are arranged to detect the settlement of a certain point of the building, and the comprehensive detection mechanism is arranged to average the detection results of the single-point detection mechanisms to obtain the overall settlement of the building, so that the efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building settlement detection technology, and in particular to a device and method for detecting building settlement. Background Technology

[0002] Settlement monitoring is the measurement of settlement of buildings according to relevant national standards and regulations, specifically for buildings of certain design grades or those subject to mandatory clauses in the standards. Especially in the process of building construction management and supervision, the use of settlement monitoring methods is beneficial for making construction procedures and measures more scientific and reasonable. It enables timely feedback of information, providing detailed settlement monitoring data to the surveying, design, and construction departments, thus preventing damage to the main structure of the building caused by settlement, affecting the normal use of the building, and causing huge economic losses.

[0003] In existing technologies, when conducting settlement detection on buildings, settlement benchmark points are first established on the ground, and then settlement observation points are installed on the building. These observation points are mainly located at the four corners of the building, main wall corners, major corners, and along the exterior walls or every 2-3 column bases. The maximum distance between any two points should not exceed 20 meters. Finally, to improve the accuracy and specificity of the observation data, professional observers should be dispatched to conduct observations using fixed leveling instruments and water level gauges. The observers must undergo professional training, be proficient in observation theory, and possess rich observation experience to ensure correct operation. The observers then process and average the data from each observation point to determine the building's settlement status. This entire process is time-consuming, and the high frequency of building settlement detection leads to a long overall detection cycle. Therefore, this invention proposes a device and method for building settlement detection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for detecting building settlement, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A device for detecting building settlement includes several single-point detection mechanisms, with a first connecting pipe installed between adjacent single-point detection mechanisms. It also includes a comprehensive detection mechanism, with a second connecting pipe installed between the comprehensive detection mechanism and the outermost single-point detection mechanism. Mounting frames are installed on the outer surfaces of both the single-point detection mechanisms and the comprehensive detection mechanism, and concrete bases are installed at the lower ends of the mounting frames, the concrete bases being embedded in the ground. The single-point detection mechanisms, the first connecting pipe, the second connecting pipe, and the comprehensive detection mechanism together form a closed pipeline filled with water.

[0007] The single-point detection mechanism is used to detect the settlement of a certain point in a building. The single-point detection mechanism includes a drive unit and a small liquid storage cylinder. A first piston is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the small liquid storage cylinder. One end of the drive unit is fixedly connected to the surface of the building to be tested. The drive unit is used to drive the first piston to move along the plumb line in the inner cavity of the small liquid storage cylinder. At the same time, the first piston squeezes the liquid in the small liquid storage cylinder to the comprehensive detection mechanism. A single-point scale is installed on the upper end of the first piston. A first arrow is installed on the upper end of the small liquid storage cylinder. In the initial state, the first arrow points to the zero mark on the single-point scale.

[0008] The integrated testing mechanism is used to average the test results of several single-point testing mechanisms to obtain the overall settlement of the building. The integrated testing mechanism includes a large liquid storage tank, and a second piston is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the large liquid storage tank. A total scale is installed on the upper end of the second piston, and a second arrow is installed on the upper end of the large liquid storage tank. In the initial state, the second arrow points to the zero mark of the total scale. The liquid discharged from all the single-point testing mechanisms flows into the large liquid storage tank and pushes the second piston upward.

[0009] The ratio of the inner diameter of the small liquid storage cylinder to the inner diameter of the large liquid storage cylinder is the square root of 1 / N, where N is the total number of all small liquid storage cylinders.

[0010] Preferably, the drive unit includes a connecting plate, which is fixedly connected to the surface of the object to be tested. A universal joint is installed at one end of the connecting plate away from the building. The universal joint is located directly above the small liquid storage cylinder. A connecting rod is connected to the other end of the universal joint. A ball sleeve is installed at the other end of the connecting rod. A ball block is movably fitted inside the inner cavity of the ball sleeve. The ball block is fixedly connected to the first piston.

[0011] Preferably, a tubular check valve is installed at the lower end of the small liquid storage cylinder, a first T-shaped tube is installed at the lower end of the tubular check valve, and a first valve is installed at the outermost end of the first T-shaped tube away from the tubular check valve and the first connecting tube.

[0012] Preferably, the inner wall of the small liquid storage cylinder is provided with a stepped groove, and the first piston is slidably connected to the stepped groove.

[0013] Preferably, the outer surface of the small liquid storage cylinder has a groove, and a one-way limiting mechanism is provided in the groove. The one-way limiting mechanism is used to restrict the single-point scale to move only downward along the direction of the plumb bob.

[0014] Preferably, the unidirectional limiting mechanism includes a fixed block that is slidably connected to the slide groove, and an mounting block that is fixedly installed in the slide groove by screws and is located outside the fixed block. The front and rear faces of the mounting block each have several grooves aligned front to back, and the grooves are arranged in a linear array. A movable block is rotatably connected between two corresponding grooves. A first spring is installed between the movable block and the mounting block.

[0015] Preferably, the end faces of the fixed block and the movable block that come into contact with each other are both arc surfaces; when the fixed block moves downward, it squeezes the movable block and causes it to rotate, so that the fixed block passes through the movable block; when the fixed block moves upward, the movable block is blocked by the groove and cannot rotate, so that the fixed block cannot pass through the movable block.

[0016] Preferably, a second T-shaped tube is installed at the lower end of the large liquid storage cylinder, one horizontal end of the second T-shaped tube is fixedly connected to the second connecting pipe, and a second valve is installed at the other horizontal end of the second T-shaped tube.

[0017] Preferably, a limiting plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the large liquid storage cylinder, the total scale moves through the limiting plate, and a second spring is installed between the limiting plate and the second piston.

[0018] A detection method for a device used for building settlement detection includes the following steps:

[0019] S1. Select an appropriate number of single-point testing agencies according to the building's size and settlement testing requirements, and pour concrete foundations at the corresponding locations on the ground.

[0020] S2. Install the connecting plate in the single-point detection mechanism on the building surface and fix the mounting frame to the concrete base.

[0021] S3. Connect the two adjacent single-point testing units and the outermost single-point testing unit and the comprehensive testing unit together with water pipes so that the single-point testing unit and the comprehensive testing unit form a closed pipeline. Close all the tubular check valves, open the first valve, and inject liquid into the closed pipeline until the second arrow points above the zero mark of the total scale.

[0022] S4. Open the second valve to release the liquid in the closed pipeline, so that the second arrow points exactly to the zero mark on the main scale, and open all the tubular check valves.

[0023] S5. When the building settles, the drive unit in the single-point detection mechanism drives the first piston to move downwards. The first piston drives the single-point scale to move downwards. By observing the first arrow pointing to the scale on the single-point scale, the settlement of the building at that point can be known. During the descent of the first piston, liquid is squeezed into the large storage tank.

[0024] S6. The liquid discharged from all the single-point detection mechanisms flows into the large storage tank, and pushes the second piston upward. The second piston drives the main scale upward. By observing the scale on the main scale pointed to by the second arrow, the overall sedimentation status of the building can be determined.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) This invention sets up a single-point detection mechanism to detect the settlement of a certain point in a building. After completing the single-point settlement detection, the single-point detection mechanism squeezes the liquid in the small storage tank to the comprehensive detection mechanism. The comprehensive detection mechanism uses all the liquid flowing from the single-point detection mechanism to push the second piston upward. Then, it restricts the inner diameter of the large and small storage tanks so that the distance the second piston rises is exactly equal to the average distance the first piston falls. This achieves the purpose of averaging the detection results of several single-point detection mechanisms to obtain the overall settlement of the building. The whole process does not require the observer to sort out the data and perform calculations, which effectively improves the efficiency of building settlement detection.

[0027] (2) By setting up a drive unit to connect the building and the first piston together, when the building settles, it will drive the first piston to move downward synchronously. Since the building will have different angle displacements in the horizontal direction when it settles, the building will not have a completely vertical settlement movement. Through the flexible connection of universal joint, ball sleeve and ball block, the influence of other angle displacements in the horizontal direction of the building during settlement on the downward movement of the first piston is effectively avoided, thus improving the accuracy of the whole device.

[0028] (3) By setting a one-way limiting mechanism, the first piston can only move downward in the direction of the plumb bob when detecting sedimentation, which effectively avoids the situation where the first piston moves upward due to other factors, and further improves the accuracy of the device.

[0029] (4) The number and location of the single-point detection mechanism in this invention can be adjusted according to the actual situation to meet the detection needs of different buildings and improve the scope of application. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation status of the device for detecting the settlement of an entire building as proposed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for detecting the settlement of an entire building as proposed in this invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the single-point detection mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the single-point detection mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the small liquid storage cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the unidirectional limiting mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the motion state of the unidirectional limiting mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated testing mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall scale structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 10 This is another structural schematic diagram of the first connecting pipe in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Example building; 2. Example ground surface;

[0042] 3. Single-point detection mechanism; 31. Drive unit; 32. Small liquid storage tank; 33. Tubular check valve; 34. First T-tube; 35. First valve;

[0043] 311. Connecting plate; 312. Universal joint; 313. Connecting rod; 314. Ball sleeve; 315. Ball block; 316. First piston; 317. Single-point scale;

[0044] 321. Slide groove; 322. One-way limiting mechanism; 323. First arrow;

[0045] 51. Fixed block; 52. Mounting block; 53. Groove; 54. Movable block; 55. First spring;

[0046] 4. Comprehensive testing mechanism; 41. Large liquid storage tank; 42. Second T-shaped tube; 43. Second valve;

[0047] 411. Second piston; 412. Main scale; 413. Second arrow;

[0048] 61. Limiting plate; 62. Second spring;

[0049] 5. Mounting bracket; 6. Concrete base; 7. First connecting pipe; 8. Second connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Please see Figures 1-9 This embodiment proposes a device for detecting building settlement, including several single-point detection mechanisms 3, with a first connecting pipe 7 installed between two adjacent single-point detection mechanisms 3, and a comprehensive detection mechanism 4. The comprehensive detection mechanism 4 and the outermost single-point detection mechanism 3 are connected by a second connecting pipe 8. Mounting frames 5 are installed on the outer surfaces of both the single-point detection mechanisms 3 and the comprehensive detection mechanism 4. A concrete base 6 is installed at the lower end of the mounting frame 5 and is buried in the ground. The single-point detection mechanisms 3, the first connecting pipe 7, the second connecting pipe 8, and the comprehensive detection mechanism 4 together form a closed pipeline, which is filled with water.

[0052] The single-point detection mechanism 3 is used to detect the settlement of a certain point in a building. The single-point detection mechanism 3 includes a drive unit 31 and a small liquid storage cylinder 32. A first piston 316 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the small liquid storage cylinder 32. One end of the drive unit 31 is fixedly connected to the surface of the building to be tested, and the other end of the drive unit 31 is connected to the first piston 316. The drive unit 31 is used to drive the first piston 316 to move in the direction of a plumb line in the inner cavity of the small liquid storage cylinder 32. At the same time, the first piston 316 squeezes the liquid in the small liquid storage cylinder 32 to the integrated detection mechanism 4. A single-point scale 317 is installed on the upper end of the first piston 316, and a first arrow 323 is installed on the upper end of the small liquid storage cylinder 32. In the initial state, the first arrow 323 points to the zero mark in the single-point scale 317. The building is connected to the first piston 316 via the drive unit 31. When the building settles, the first piston 316 moves downward with the settlement of the building. At the same time, the first piston 316 drives the single-point scale 317 to move downward. By observing the scale on the single-point scale 317 pointed to by the first arrow 323, the settlement of the building at that point can be known.

[0053] Because buildings experience horizontal displacement at different angles during settlement, meaning they don't settle completely vertically, this embodiment effectively avoids the impact of horizontal displacement at other angles on the downward movement of the first piston 316 by using a flexible connection of universal joint 312, ball sleeve 314, and ball block 315. Specifically, the drive unit 31 includes a connecting plate 311, which is fixedly connected to the surface of the object to be tested. A universal joint 312 is installed at one end of the connecting plate 311 away from the building, located directly above the small liquid storage cylinder 32. A connecting rod 313 is connected to the other end of the universal joint 312, and a ball sleeve 314 is installed at the other end of the connecting rod 313. A ball block 315 is movably fitted inside the ball sleeve 314, and the ball block 315 is fixedly connected to the first piston 316.

[0054] It should be noted that the universal joint 312 in this invention adopts the cross-axis direction joint in the prior art.

[0055] Based on the above solution, to prevent the liquid discharged from the small liquid storage cylinder 32 from flowing out, in this embodiment, a tubular one-way valve 33 is installed at the lower end of the small liquid storage cylinder 32. When the tubular one-way valve 33 is opened, the liquid in the small liquid storage cylinder 32 can only be discharged.

[0056] A first T-shaped pipe 34 is installed at the lower end of the tubular check valve 33, and a first valve 35 is installed at the outermost end of the first T-shaped pipe 34 away from the tubular check valve 33 and the first connecting pipe 7. Because the presence of liquid in the closed pipeline increases the weight of the entire device and makes transportation inconvenient, this device needs to be injected with liquid during use and drained from the closed pipeline when not in use to reduce weight. When liquid is injected, the first valve 35 keeps the entire pipeline closed. After use, the first valve 35 is opened to drain the liquid from the closed pipeline.

[0057] To ensure that the first arrow 323 points precisely to the zero mark of the single-point scale 317 in the initial state, the inner wall of the small liquid storage cylinder 32 in this embodiment is provided with a stepped groove, and the first piston 316 is slidably connected to the stepped groove. In the initial state, the first piston 316 is just against the stepped groove, and at this time, the first arrow 323 points precisely to the zero mark of the single-point scale 317. When liquid is injected into the closed pipeline, the first piston 316 is blocked by the stepped groove, preventing the initial position of the first piston 316 from changing.

[0058] To prevent the first piston 316 from moving upward due to other factors, in this embodiment, the outer surface of the small liquid storage cylinder 32 has a groove 321, and a one-way limiting mechanism 322 is provided in the groove 321. The one-way limiting mechanism 322 is used to restrict the single-point scale 317 to move downward only in the direction of the plumb bob.

[0059] Specifically, the one-way limiting mechanism 322 includes a fixed block 51, which is slidably connected to the slide groove 321, and an mounting block 52, which is fixedly installed in the slide groove 321 by screws and is located outside the fixed block 51. The front and rear faces of the mounting block 52 each have several grooves 53 aligned front to back, which are arranged in a linear array. A movable block 54 is rotatably connected between two corresponding grooves 53. A first spring 55 is installed between the movable block 54 and the mounting block 52. When the fixed block 51 moves downward, it squeezes the movable block 54 and causes it to rotate, so that the fixed block 51 passes through the movable block 54. When the fixed block 51 moves upward, the movable block 54 is blocked by the grooves 53 and cannot rotate, so that the fixed block 51 cannot pass through the movable block 54.

[0060] When the movable block 54 rotates, it will compress the first spring 55. When the fixed block 51 is no longer in contact with the movable block 54, the movable block 54 will be reset by the elastic force of the first spring 55.

[0061] After the test is completed, the first piston 316 needs to be reset for the next use. At this time, the screws between the mounting block 52 and the slide groove 321 are removed, and then the mounting block 52 is pulled outward so that the fixed block 51 does not contact the moving block 54. At this time, the first piston 316 can be reset. After the reset is completed, the mounting block 52 is fixed back into the slide groove 321.

[0062] To reduce the friction between the fixed block 51 and the movable block 54 when the fixed block 51 moves downward, in this embodiment, the end faces of the fixed block 51 and the movable block 54 that come into contact with each other are both arc surfaces. The contact of the arc surfaces reduces friction.

[0063] Specifically, the integrated testing mechanism 4 is used to average the test results of several single-point testing mechanisms 3 to obtain the overall settlement of the building. The integrated testing mechanism 4 includes a large liquid storage tank 41, and a second piston 411 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the large liquid storage tank 41. A total scale 412 is installed on the upper end of the second piston 411, and a second arrow 413 is installed on the upper end of the large liquid storage tank 41. In the initial state, the second arrow 413 points to the zero mark of the total scale 412. The liquid discharged from all the single-point testing mechanisms 3 flows into the large liquid storage tank 41 and pushes the second piston 411 upward. The ratio of the inner diameter of the small liquid storage tank 32 to the inner diameter of the large liquid storage tank 41 is the square root of 1 / N, where N is the total number of all small liquid storage tanks 32.

[0064] When the first piston 316 downwards squeezes the liquid in the small storage cylinder 32, assuming the inner diameter of the small storage cylinder 32 is R1 and the inner diameter of the large storage cylinder 41 is R2, the discharged liquid volume V1 is the product of the bottom area of ​​the inner cavity of the small storage cylinder 32 and the descending height of the first piston 316. In this embodiment, four single-point detection mechanisms 3 are used as an example: assuming the descending heights of the four first pistons 316 are h1, h2, h3, and h4 respectively, and assuming the bottom area of ​​the inner cavity of the small storage cylinder 32 is S1, the discharged liquid volume V1 is the product of the bottom area of ​​the inner cavity of the small storage cylinder 32 and the descending height of the first piston 316. The total volume of liquid discharged is V1 = S1(h1+h2+h3+h4); assuming the bottom area of ​​the inner cavity of the large liquid storage cylinder 41 is S2, and assuming the rising height of the second piston 411 is H, then the volume of liquid entering the inner cavity of the large liquid storage cylinder 41 is V2 = S2H; V1 = V2, then H = h1+h2+h3+h4; in order to achieve the purpose of averaging the detection results of several single-point detection mechanisms 3, that is, H = (h1+h2+h3+h4) / 4, then R2 = 2R1.

[0065] A second T-shaped tube 42 is installed at the lower end of the large liquid storage cylinder 41. One horizontal end of the second T-shaped tube 42 is fixedly connected to the second connecting pipe 8, and the other horizontal end of the second T-shaped tube 42 is equipped with a second valve 43. When injecting liquid, the first valve 35 is opened to inject liquid into the closed pipe until the second arrow 413 points above the zero mark on the main scale 412. Then, the second valve 43 is opened to release the liquid in the closed pipe, so that the second arrow 413 just points to the zero mark on the main scale 412.

[0066] After the test is completed and the liquid in the closed pipeline is discharged, in order to allow the second piston 411 to automatically reset, in this embodiment, a second spring 62 is installed between the limiting plate 61 and the second piston 411. After the sedimentation test is completed and all the liquid is discharged, the second piston 411, without the pressure of liquid below, moves downward and resets under the action of the second spring 62.

[0067] To prevent the second piston 411 from disengaging from the large liquid storage cylinder 41, in this embodiment, a limiting disk 61 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the large liquid storage cylinder 41. The limiting disk 61 restricts the upward movement of the second piston 411.

[0068] To prevent the second piston 411 from rotating, which in turn would cause the main scale 412 to rotate and affect the reading of the scale, in this embodiment, the main scale 412 moves through the limiting disk 61. That is, the second piston 411 cannot rotate.

[0069] In this invention, the number and position of the single-point detection mechanisms 3 can be adjusted according to actual conditions. In this embodiment, changing the position is taken as an example: Figure 10 As shown, one end of the first T-shaped tube 34 can be set as a right-angle pipe, which makes it easy to arrange the single-point detection mechanism 3 on two vertical planes.

[0070] A detection method for a device used for building settlement detection includes the following steps:

[0071] S1. Select an appropriate number of single-point testing institutions 3 according to the size and specifications of the building and the settlement testing requirements, and pour concrete base 6 at the corresponding position on the ground.

[0072] S2. Install the connecting plate 311 in the single-point detection mechanism 3 on the building surface, and fix the mounting frame 5 to the concrete base 6.

[0073] S3. Connect the two adjacent single-point detection mechanisms 3 and the outermost single-point detection mechanism 3 and the comprehensive detection mechanism 4 together with water pipes so that the single-point detection mechanism 3 and the comprehensive detection mechanism 4 form a closed pipeline. Close all the tubular check valves 33, open the first valve 35, and inject liquid into the closed pipeline until the second arrow 413 points above the zero mark of the total scale 412.

[0074] S4. Open the second valve 43 to release the liquid in the closed pipeline, so that the second arrow 413 points exactly to the zero mark in the main scale 412, and open all the tubular check valves 33.

[0075] S5. When the building settles, the drive unit 31 in the single-point detection mechanism 3 drives the first piston 316 to move downward. The first piston 316 drives the single-point scale 317 to move downward. By observing the first arrow 323 pointing to the scale on the single-point scale 317, the settlement of the building at that point can be known. During the descent of the first piston 316, the liquid is squeezed into the large liquid storage cylinder 41.

[0076] S6. The liquid discharged from all the single-point detection mechanisms 3 flows into the large storage tank 41, and pushes the second piston 411 upward. The second piston 411 drives the total scale 412 to move upward. By observing the scale on the total scale 412 pointed to by the second arrow 413, the overall sedimentation status of the building can be known.

[0077] In the description of this invention, the terms "first," "second," "another," and "yet another" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of embodiments of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0078] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0079] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for detecting building settlement, characterized in that: It includes several single-point testing mechanisms (3), with a first connecting pipe (7) installed between two adjacent single-point testing mechanisms (3), and also includes a comprehensive testing mechanism (4). The comprehensive testing mechanism (4) and the outermost single-point testing mechanism (3) are connected by a second connecting pipe (8). The single-point testing mechanism (3) and the comprehensive testing mechanism (4) are both equipped with mounting brackets (5). A concrete base (6) is installed at the lower end of the mounting bracket (5) and is buried in the ground. The single-point testing mechanism (3), the first connecting pipe (7), the second connecting pipe (8) and the comprehensive testing mechanism (4) together form a closed pipeline, and the closed pipeline is filled with water. The single-point detection mechanism (3) is used to detect the settlement of a certain point of a building. The single-point detection mechanism (3) includes a drive unit (31) and a small liquid storage cylinder (32). The inner cavity of the small liquid storage cylinder (32) is slidably connected to a first piston (316). One end of the drive unit (31) is fixedly connected to the surface of the building to be tested. The drive unit (31) is used to drive the first piston (316) to move in the direction of a plumb line in the inner cavity of the small liquid storage cylinder (32). At the same time, the first piston (316) squeezes the liquid in the small liquid storage cylinder (32) to the comprehensive detection mechanism (4). A single-point scale (317) is installed on the upper end of the first piston (316). A first arrow (323) is installed on the upper end of the small liquid storage cylinder (32). In the initial state, the first arrow (323) points to the zero mark in the single-point scale (317). The integrated testing mechanism (4) is used to average the test results of several single-point testing mechanisms (3) to obtain the overall settlement of the building. The integrated testing mechanism (4) includes a large liquid storage tank (41). A second piston (411) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the large liquid storage tank (41). A total scale (412) is installed on the upper end of the second piston (411). A second arrow (413) is installed on the upper end of the large liquid storage tank (41). In the initial state, the second arrow (413) points to the zero mark of the total scale (412). The liquid discharged from all the single-point testing mechanisms (3) flows into the large liquid storage tank (41) and pushes the second piston (411) upward. The ratio of the inner diameter of the small liquid storage cylinder (32) to the inner diameter of the large liquid storage cylinder (41) is the square root of 1 / N, where N is the total number of all small liquid storage cylinders (32). The drive unit (31) includes a connecting plate (311), which is fixedly connected to the surface of the object to be tested. A universal joint (312) is installed at one end of the connecting plate (311) away from the building. The universal joint (312) is located directly above the small liquid storage cylinder (32). A connecting rod (313) is connected to the other end of the universal joint (312). A ball sleeve (314) is installed at the other end of the connecting rod (313). A ball block (315) is movably sleeved in the inner cavity of the ball sleeve (314). The ball block (315) is fixedly connected to the first piston (316). The outer surface of the small liquid storage cylinder (32) is provided with a sliding groove (321), and a one-way limiting mechanism (322) is provided in the sliding groove (321). The one-way limiting mechanism (322) is used to restrict the single-point scale (317) to move downward along the plumb line. A limiting plate (61) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the large liquid storage cylinder (41), and the total scale (412) moves through the limiting plate (61). A second spring (62) is installed between the limiting plate (61) and the second piston (411).

2. The device for detecting building settlement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the small liquid storage cylinder (32) is equipped with a tubular check valve (33), and the lower end of the tubular check valve (33) is equipped with a first T-shaped pipe (34). The outermost end of the first T-shaped pipe (34) away from the tubular check valve (33) and the first connecting pipe (7) is equipped with a first valve (35).

3. The device for detecting building settlement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the small liquid storage cylinder (32) is provided with a stepped groove, and the first piston (316) is slidably connected to the stepped groove.

4. The device for detecting building settlement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way limiting mechanism (322) includes a fixed block (51) which is slidably connected to the slide groove (321), and also includes an mounting block (52). The mounting block (52) is fixedly installed in the slide groove (321) by screws, and the mounting block (52) is located outside the fixed block (51). The front end face and the rear end face of the mounting block (52) are provided with several grooves (53) aligned front and back. The grooves (53) are arranged in a linear array. A movable block (54) is rotatably connected between two corresponding grooves (53). A first spring (55) is installed between the movable block (54) and the mounting block (52).

5. The device for detecting building settlement according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end faces of the fixed block (51) and the movable block (54) that come into contact with each other are both arc surfaces; when the fixed block (51) moves downward, it squeezes the movable block (54) and makes it rotate, so that the fixed block (51) passes through the movable block (54); when the fixed block (51) moves upward, the movable block (54) is blocked by the groove (53) and cannot rotate, so that the fixed block (51) cannot pass through the movable block (54).

6. The device for detecting building settlement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the large liquid storage cylinder (41) is equipped with a second T-shaped tube (42). One end of the second T-shaped tube (42) is horizontally connected to the second connecting pipe (8), and the other end of the second T-shaped tube (42) is horizontally equipped with a second valve (43).

7. A detection method for a device for detecting building settlement according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Select an appropriate number of single-point testing institutions (3) according to the size and specifications of the building and the requirements for settlement testing, and pour concrete bases (6) at the corresponding positions on the ground. S2. Install the connecting plate (311) in the single-point detection mechanism (3) on the building surface, and fix the mounting frame (5) to the concrete base (6); S3. Connect the two adjacent single-point detection mechanisms (3) and the outermost single-point detection mechanism (3) and the comprehensive detection mechanism (4) together with water pipes so that the single-point detection mechanism (3) and the comprehensive detection mechanism (4) form a closed pipeline. Close all the tubular check valves (33), open the first valve (35), and inject liquid into the closed pipeline until the second arrow (413) points above the zero mark of the total scale (412). S4. Open the second valve (43) to release the liquid in the closed pipeline, so that the second arrow (413) points exactly to the zero mark in the main scale (412), and open all the tubular check valves (33). S5. When the building settles, the drive unit (31) in the single-point detection mechanism (3) drives the first piston (316) to move downward. The first piston (316) drives the single-point scale (317) to move downward. By observing the first arrow (323) pointing to the scale on the single-point scale (317), the settlement of the building at that point can be known. During the descent of the first piston (316), the liquid is squeezed into the large storage tank (41). S6. The liquid discharged from all the single-point detection mechanisms (3) flows into the large storage tank (41) and pushes the second piston (411) upward. The second piston (411) drives the main scale (412) to move upward. By observing the scale on the main scale (412) pointed to by the second arrow (413), the settlement of the building as a whole can be known.

Images