A furrow-opening and soil-throwing device suitable for no-till seeders

Abstract

This invention discloses a furrow-opening and soil-throwing device suitable for no-till seeders, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery technology. The device includes a front soil-throwing cutter disc and a rear soil-throwing cutter disc. The front soil-throwing cutter disc includes an inner mounting disc and an outer mounting disc. The inner mounting disc is evenly distributed with several paddle-shaped blades. The outer mounting disc is evenly distributed with high-speed cutting and throwing blades, the cutting edge curve of which conforms to the Archimedean spiral. The rear soil-throwing cutter disc includes a rear mounting disc, on which several serrated claw-shaped blades are evenly distributed. The cutting edge of the serrated claw-shaped blades is a multi-toed structure inspired by the forelimb of a mole. The device of this invention has a simple structure, can simultaneously perform furrow opening and soil-throwing functions in one operation, and can prevent straw from entangled in the cutter disc and clay from clogging it, effectively improving work quality while reducing power consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically relating to a furrow-opening and soil-throwing device suitable for no-till seeders. Background Technology

[0002] Rapeseed roots are sensitive to waterlogging, so drainage ditches must be dug on both sides of the planting bed during sowing. Ditching is the first step in mechanized rapeseed cultivation, and its implementation depends on regional working conditions and rapeseed agronomy. Currently, ditching methods are mainly divided into manual and mechanical ditching. In traditional rapeseed cultivation, manual ditching is labor-intensive and inefficient; therefore, mechanical ditching is more commonly used in field planting. The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are the main winter rapeseed producing areas in my country. In these areas, the rice-rapeseed rotation areas experience high rainfall and heavy, compacted soil. Most rapeseed growers in these regions use full-width rotary tillers for tilling, but this method is slow, inefficient, and damages soil structure, reducing the soil-binding capacity of the stubble and increasing the cost of rapeseed cultivation. Existing high-speed no-till rapeseed tillage machines employ an active ditching device that opens a central ditch and throws soil to both sides, completing the ditching and soil covering processes in one operation. For example, Chinese patent CN106879281A discloses a double-sided soil-throwing no-tillage ditching device that completes ditching and soil covering in one operation. However, this device has high blade power consumption, low operating speed, and requires separate soil-throwing blades for the front and rear ditching cutter discs, making the cutter disc structure relatively complex. Furthermore, due to the large stubble and heavy clay soil in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the front ditching cutter disc of this device is easily clogged by soil during operation. In particular, the shape of the soil-throwing blades makes them easily entangled by straw, thus affecting the quality of ditching and soil-throwing operations and failing to meet the agronomical requirements for rapeseed sowing.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a ditching and soil-throwing device that has a simple structure, can perform both furrowing and soil-throwing functions in one operation, and can prevent straw from getting tangled in the cutter head and clay from clogging the cutter head. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention provides a furrowing and soil-throwing device suitable for no-till seeders. The device has a simple structure and can simultaneously perform furrowing and soil-throwing functions in one operation. It can also prevent straw from tangling around the cutter head and clay from clogging the cutter head, effectively improving the quality of operation while reducing power consumption.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the invention is specifically implemented through the following techniques:

[0006] A furrow-opening and soil-throwing device suitable for no-till seeders includes a front soil-throwing cutter disc and a rear soil-throwing cutter disc. The front soil-throwing cutter disc includes an inner mounting disc and an outer mounting disc connected by a front splined bushing. The inner mounting disc has a plurality of paddle-type blades evenly distributed along its rotation axis, and the outer mounting disc has a plurality of high-speed cutting and throwing blades evenly distributed along its rotation axis. The rear soil-throwing cutter disc includes a rear mounting disc, on which a plurality of serrated claw-shaped blades are evenly distributed along its rotation axis. The serrated claw-shaped blades include a soil-throwing part and a second cutting edge, and the soil-throwing part is connected to the rear mounting disc.

[0007] The ditching and soil-throwing device of this invention is equipped with paddle-type blades, high-speed cutting and throwing blades, and serrated claw-shaped blades in sequence along the forward direction of the seeder. First, the paddle-type blades disturb and break up the soil to prevent the cutter head from getting tangled with straw and clogging the soil. Then, the high-speed cutting and throwing blades and serrated claw-shaped blades cut the soil and throw it to both sides. The serrated claw-shaped blades cut the soil with their second cutting edge and throw the soil out through the throwing section. The high-speed cutting and throwing blades and serrated claw-shaped blades of this invention can throw soil while cutting it, eliminating the need for additional throwing blades, reducing the number of transmission structures and power consumption. The device of this invention has a simple structure, can simultaneously perform ditching and soil-throwing functions in one operation, without the need for additional throwing blades, and can prevent straw from getting tangled in the cutter head and clay from clogging the cutter head, effectively improving work quality while reducing power consumption.

[0008] Furthermore, the first cutting edge of the paddle-shaped blade is a straight edge; the high-speed cutting and polishing blade has a side cutting edge with an Archimedean spiral shape; and the second cutting edge of the serrated claw-shaped blade has a multi-toed structure.

[0009] The high-speed cutting and throwing blade has a side cutting edge that conforms to the Archimedean spiral. When cutting and throwing soil, the sliding angle gradually increases, which can reduce the resistance experienced by the high-speed cutting and throwing blade, improve the anti-entanglement performance and stubble cutting ability of the high-speed cutting and throwing blade, and throw the soil out at the same time as cutting the soil. The second cutting edge of the serrated claw-shaped blade is a multi-toed structure that imitates the forelimb of a bionic mole, which can reduce the friction between the blade and the soil and the cutting resistance, effectively cutting the soil and cutting the straw. In addition, the serrated claw-shaped blade also has the ability to throw soil while cutting the soil, which can ensure the uniformity of soil throwing on both sides.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner mounting plate is provided with a plurality of inner positioning tool holders evenly distributed along its rotation axis, and the paddle-shaped blade is installed in the inner positioning tool holder; the rear mounting plate is provided with a plurality of rear positioning tool holders evenly distributed along its rotation axis, and the serrated claw-shaped blade is installed in the rear positioning tool holder.

[0011] Furthermore, the front and rear cutting discs are coaxially arranged via a reversing gearbox.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner mounting plate, outer mounting plate, and rear mounting plate are all circular. The paddle-shaped blades are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner mounting plate, the high-speed cutting and polishing blades are evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer mounting plate, and the serrated claw-shaped blades are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rear mounting plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the first bending angle α of the paddle-type blade is 40-45°, the second bending angle β1 of the high-speed cutting and polishing blade is 15-20°, the third bending angle β2 is 120-125°, and the fourth bending angle γ of the serrated claw-shaped blade is 45-50°.

[0014] Furthermore, the installation angle ω1 of the paddle-type blade is 15-20°, the installation angle ω2 of the high-speed cutting and polishing blade is 40-45°, and the installation angle ω3 of the serrated claw-shaped blade is 20-25°.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner mounting plate has a rotation radius of 65-75 mm, the outer mounting plate has a rotation radius of 95-105 mm, the rear mounting plate has a rotation radius of 175-185 mm, the paddle blade has a rotation radius of 65-70 mm, the high-speed cutting and polishing blade has a rotation radius of 165-170 mm, and the serrated claw blade has a rotation radius of 190-195 mm.

[0016] This invention provides a furrow-opening device with soil dumping on both sides. It employs a three-layer blade system for layered feeding. In the front dumping cutter head, paddle-type blades first agitate and break up the soil in the central area to prevent the cutter head from becoming entangled in straw or clogging the soil. Then, high-speed cutting blades slide and throw the soil to the left side of the machine's forward direction. The rear dumping cutter head changes its rotation direction via a reversing gearbox, and serrated claw-shaped blades cut the soil, throwing it to the right side of the machine's forward direction. This further expands and shapes the furrow initially formed by the front dumping cutter head, creating a smooth U-shaped furrow wall. Ultimately, this device can complete both furrow opening and soil dumping in one operation, providing a suitable seedbed for rapeseed growth. It offers fast operation, ensures uniform soil dumping on both sides, and avoids problems such as the cutter head becoming entangled in straw or clogged with clay.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0018] (1) The high-speed cutting and throwing blade of the present invention is provided with a side blade conforming to the Archimedean spiral shape. When cutting and throwing soil, the sliding angle gradually increases, which can reduce the resistance experienced by the high-speed cutting and throwing blade, improve the anti-entanglement performance and stubble cutting ability of the high-speed cutting and throwing blade, and throw the soil while cutting. The cutting edge of the serrated claw-shaped blade is a multi-toed structure that mimics the forelimb of a mole, which can reduce the friction between the blade and the soil and the cutting resistance, effectively cutting the soil and cutting the straw; in addition, the serrated claw-shaped blade also has the ability to throw soil while cutting, which can ensure the uniformity of soil throwing on both sides.

[0019] (2) The trenching and soil-throwing device of the present invention has a simple structure and can realize the functions of trenching and soil-throwing in one operation. It does not require additional soil-throwing plates and can prevent straw from entangled in the cutter head and clay from clogging the cutter head, thereby effectively improving the quality of operation and reducing power consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the trenching and soil-throwing device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front-mounted cutterhead.

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A top-down view;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rear-mounted cutterhead;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A top-down view;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a paddle-type blade.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-speed cutting and polishing blade;

[0027] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the serrated claw-shaped blade;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded paddle blade.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the unfolded shape of a high-speed cutting and polishing blade;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded serrated claw-shaped blade.

[0031] The components are as follows: 1. Reversing gearbox; 2. Front soil-throwing cutterhead; 2.1. Outer mounting plate; 2.2. Front spline bushing; 2.3. Inner mounting plate; 2.4. Paddle blade (where: 2.4a. First mounting hole; 2.4b. First bend; 2.4c. First cutting edge); 2.5. Inner positioning cutter holder; 2.6. High-speed cutting and blasting blade (where: 2.6a. Second mounting hole; 2.6b. Second bend; 2.6c. Third bend; 2.6d. Side cutting edge); 3. Rear soil-throwing cutterhead; 3.1. Rear mounting plate; 3.2. Rear spline bushing; 3.3. Rear positioning cutter holder; 3.4. Serrated claw-shaped blade (where: 3.4a. Third mounting hole; 3.4b. Fourth bend; 3.4c. Second cutting edge; 3.4d. Soil-throwing section). Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] The apparatus of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a furrow-opening and soil-throwing device for a no-till seeder, including a reversing gearbox 1, a front soil-throwing cutterhead 2 connected to the front axle of the reversing gearbox 1, and a rear soil-throwing cutterhead 3 connected to the rear axle of the reversing gearbox 1. The front and rear axles of the reversing gearbox 1 are coaxially arranged. Figures 2-3As shown, the front soil-throwing cutterhead 2 includes an inner mounting plate 2.3 and an outer mounting plate 2.1 connected by a front splined bushing 2.2. The front splined bushing 2.2 is fitted onto the front axle of the reversing gearbox 1. Both the inner mounting plate 2.3 and the outer mounting plate 2.1 are circular. Three inner positioning cutter holders 2.5 are evenly welded along the circumference of the inner mounting plate 2.3. The installation angle (inclined along the Y-axis) ω1 of the inner positioning cutter holders 2.5 is 15°. Paddle-type blades 2.4 are bolted into the inner positioning cutter holders 2.5. Six high-speed cutting and throwing blades 2.6 are evenly installed along the circumference of the outer mounting plate 2.1. The installation angle ω2 of the high-speed cutting and throwing blades 2.6 is 40°. Figures 4-5 As shown, the rear soil-throwing cutterhead 3 includes a rear mounting plate 3.1 and a rear splined bushing 3.2 welded to the middle of the rear mounting plate 3.1. The rear splined bushing 3.2 is fitted onto the rear shaft of the reversing gearbox 1. The rear mounting plate 3.1 is circular in shape, and five rear positioning cutter seats 3.3 are evenly welded on the rear mounting plate 3.1 along its circumference. The installation angle (tilted along the X-axis) ω3 of the rear positioning cutter seats 3.3 is 20°. A serrated claw-shaped blade 3.4 is bolted into the rear positioning cutter seat 3.3. The number of high-speed cutting and throwing blades 2.6 and serrated claw-shaped blades 3.4 can be determined according to the soil penetration depth during the operation. It is necessary to ensure that at least two high-speed cutting and throwing blades 2.6 and two serrated claw-shaped blades 3.4 participate in the soil cutting and throwing operation during the operation to ensure the continuity of soil cutting and improve the uniformity of soil covering of the soil-throwing device.

[0036] like Figure 6 As shown, the paddle-type blade 2.4 includes a first mounting hole 2.4a, a first bend 2.4b, and a first cutting edge 2.4c. The paddle-type blade 2.4 is bolted to the inner positioning tool holder 2.5 through the first mounting hole 2.4a. The angle α of the first bend 2.4b is 40°, and the shape of the first cutting edge 2.4c is a straight edge. Figure 7 As shown, the high-speed cutting and polishing blade 2.6 includes a second mounting hole 2.6a, a second bend 2.6b, a third bend 2.6c, and a side cutting edge 2.6d. The high-speed cutting and polishing blade 2.6 is bolted to the outer mounting plate 2.1 through the second mounting hole 2.6a. The angle β1 of the second bend 2.6b is 16°, the angle β2 of the third bend 2.6c is 120°, and the cutting edge curve of the side cutting edge 2.6d satisfies the following Archimedean spiral equation:

[0037] Where 0.23 < t < 0.32.

[0038] The cutting edge curve of the high-speed cutting blade with a side cutting edge of 2.6d is an Archimedean spiral curve segment with t taking values ​​in the range of 0.23 to 0.32.

[0039] like Figure 8As shown, the serrated claw-shaped blade 3.4 includes a third mounting hole 3.4a, a fourth bend 3.4b, a second cutting edge 3.4c, and a soil-throwing section 3.4d. The soil-throwing section 3.4d is a rectangular plate. The third mounting hole 3.4a is located on the soil-throwing section 3.4d. The soil-throwing section 3.4d is placed inside the rear positioning blade holder 3.3. The serrated claw-shaped blade 3.4 is fixed to the rear positioning blade holder 3.3 by bolts. The angle γ of the fourth bend 3.4b is 45°. The second cutting edge 3.4c is a multi-toed structure that mimics the forelimb of a bionic mole.

[0040] The radii of rotation of the inner mounting plate 2.3, outer mounting plate 2.1, rear mounting plate 3.1, paddle blade 2.4, high-speed cutting and throwing blade 2.6, and serrated claw blade 3.4 of the furrow-opening and soil-throwing device of the present invention can be determined according to the depth and width of the furrow. In this embodiment, the radii of rotation of the inner mounting plate 2.3 are 70 mm, the radii of rotation of the outer mounting plate 2.1 are 100 mm, the radii of rotation of the rear mounting plate 3.1 are 180 mm, the radii of rotation of the paddle blade 2.4 are 68 mm, the radii of rotation of the high-speed cutting and throwing blade 2.6 are 168 mm, and the radii of rotation of the serrated claw blade 3.4 are 191 mm.

[0041] like Figures 9-11 As shown, in this embodiment, the bending line height h1 of the paddle-type blade 2.4 is 30mm, the bending line inclination angle θ1 is 100°, and the width b1 is 50mm. The second bending line height h2 of the high-speed cutting and polishing blade 2.6 is 80mm, the bending line inclination angle θ2 is 60°, the third bending line height h3 is 116mm, the mounting angle ω2 is 40°, and the width b2 is 57mm. The bending line height h4 of the serrated claw-shaped blade 3.4 is 30mm, and the width b3 is 135mm.

[0042] In this embodiment, the paddle blade 2.4, the high-speed cutting and polishing blade 2.6, and the serrated claw blade 3.4 are all made of 10mm thick No. 45 steel and are hardened by quenching.

[0043] During operation, the soil is first disturbed and broken by the paddle-type blades 2.4 of the front soil-throwing cutter head 2 to prevent the cutter head from getting tangled in straw and clogging the soil. Then, the high-speed cutting blades 2.6 slide and cut the soil, throwing it to the left side of the machine's forward direction. The rear soil-throwing cutter head 3 changes its rotation direction through the reversing gearbox 1, and the serrated claw-shaped blades 3.4 cut the soil, throwing it to the right side of the machine's forward direction. This further expands and shapes the furrows initially formed by the front soil-throwing cutter head 2, ultimately forming a U-shaped ditch with a width of 380-400 mm and a depth of 180-200 mm. The device of this invention can complete the furrow opening and soil-throwing operations in one go, providing a suitable seedbed for rapeseed growth. It also has a fast operating speed, ensures the uniformity of soil throwing on both sides, and avoids the problem of the cutter head getting tangled in straw or clogged with clay.

[0044] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A furrow-opening and soil-throwing device suitable for no-till seeders, comprising a front soil-throwing cutter disc and a rear soil-throwing cutter disc, characterized in that, The front soil-throwing cutterhead includes an inner mounting plate and an outer mounting plate connected by a front splined bushing. The inner mounting plate has a plurality of paddle-shaped blades evenly distributed along its rotation axis, and the outer mounting plate has a plurality of high-speed cutting and throwing blades evenly distributed along its rotation axis. The rear soil-throwing cutterhead includes a rear mounting plate, on which a plurality of serrated claw-shaped blades are evenly distributed along its rotation axis. Each serrated claw-shaped blade includes a soil-throwing portion and a second cutting edge. The soil-throwing portion is connected to the rear mounting plate. The first cutting edge of the paddle-shaped blade is a straight edge. The high-speed cutting and throwing blade has a side cutting edge, the side cutting edge being an Archimedean spiral shape. The second cutting edge of the serrated claw-shaped blade has a multi-toed structure. The first bending angle α of the paddle-shaped blade is 40~45°, and the second bending angle of the high-speed cutting and throwing blade is... The angle is 15~20°, the third bending angle. The fourth bending angle of the serrated claw-shaped blade is 120~125°. The angle is 45~50°.

2. The furrow-opening and soil-throwing device suitable for no-till seeders according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner mounting plate is provided with a plurality of inner positioning tool holders evenly distributed along its rotation axis, and the paddle-shaped blade is installed in the inner positioning tool holder; the rear mounting plate is provided with a plurality of rear positioning tool holders evenly distributed along its rotation axis, and the serrated claw-shaped blade is installed in the rear positioning tool holder.

3. The furrow-opening and soil-throwing device suitable for no-till seeders according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front and rear cutting discs are coaxially arranged via a reversing gearbox.

4. A furrow-opening and soil-throwing device suitable for no-till seeders according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner mounting plate, outer mounting plate, and rear mounting plate are all circular. The paddle-shaped blades are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner mounting plate, the high-speed cutting and polishing blades are evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer mounting plate, and the serrated claw-shaped blades are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rear mounting plate.

5. A furrow-opening and soil-throwing device suitable for no-till seeders according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation angle of the paddle-type blade The installation angle of the high-speed cutting and polishing blade is 15~20°. The installation angle of the serrated claw-shaped blade is 40~45°. The temperature is 20-25°.

6. A furrow-opening and soil-throwing device suitable for no-till seeders according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner mounting plate has a rotation radius of 65-75mm, the outer mounting plate has a rotation radius of 95-105mm, the rear mounting plate has a rotation radius of 175-185mm, the paddle blade has a rotation radius of 65-70mm, the high-speed cutting and polishing blade has a rotation radius of 165-170mm, and the serrated claw blade has a rotation radius of 190-195mm.

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