A device for detecting insect-bored grains and a method for detecting insect-bored grains

Abstract

The application provides a device for detecting insect-eaten grains and a method for detecting insect-eaten grains. The device for detecting insect-eaten grains comprises a specific gravity liquid container, the inside of which is provided with specific gravity liquid; a sample chamber part, which is arranged in the inside of the specific gravity liquid container and comprises a plurality of sample small chambers, the top of each sample small chamber is formed with a first opening, the bottom of each sample small chamber is formed with a second opening, and the first opening and the second opening are in communication; a blowing part, which is arranged in the inside of the specific gravity liquid container and is located at the lower part of the sample chamber part, and is used for blowing air into the second opening of each sample small chamber; and a pressing cover part, which is arranged on the upper part of the sample chamber part and is provided with a first air-permeable shielding part at the position corresponding to the first opening of each sample small chamber. The device for detecting insect-eaten grains and the method for detecting insect-eaten grains can solve the problems of the existing method for detecting insect-eaten grains, such as a large number of grains, a slow process, and troublesome operation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of detection of hidden grain pests, and particularly to a device for detecting worm-eaten grains and a method for detecting worm-eaten grains. BACKGROUND

[0002] Normal grains will sink to the bottom of a liquid of a certain specific gravity, while grains eaten by hidden pests will float on the surface of the liquid of the same specific gravity due to the decrease in specific gravity. Based on this principle, hidden pests in grains can be detected.

[0003] In the prior art, 500 g of samples are first placed in a beaker containing a solution of a set specific gravity and are left for 10 minutes, and are stirred every 1 minute to release the bubbles attached to the grains. The grains floating on the solution are then taken out with a strainer, all the grains showing signs of pest infection are separated and counted, and the remaining grains are cut open with a suitable tool, and the number of pests is recorded.

[0004] However, the method has the following disadvantages: (1) the sample amount is too large, and the number of grains floating in the 500 g of samples is large, resulting in a large workload for subsequent cutting open with a tool; and (2) the grains will generate bubbles after being placed in the liquid, which affects the operation speed, and in order to eliminate the bubbles, the samples need to be left for a long time and need to be stirred every minute, which is slow and troublesome. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the present application aims to provide a device for detecting worm-eaten grains and a method for detecting worm-eaten grains, so as to solve the problems of a large number of grains and a slow and troublesome process in the prior art.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a device for detecting worm-eaten grains, wherein the device comprises: a specific gravity liquid container, an inside of which is provided with a specific gravity liquid; a sample chamber portion, which is arranged in the inside of the specific gravity liquid container and comprises a plurality of sample chambers, a top of each of the sample chambers is formed with a first opening, a bottom of each of the sample chambers is formed with a second opening, and the first opening and the second opening are in communication with each other; a gas blowing portion, which is arranged in the inside of the specific gravity liquid container and is located below the sample chamber portion, and is used for blowing gas into the second openings of the plurality of sample chambers; and a pressure cover portion, which covers the upper portion of the sample chamber portion and is provided with a first gas-permeable cover corresponding to the first openings of the plurality of sample chambers.

[0007] Preferably, the sample chamber portion further comprises a sample chamber main body, and the plurality of sample chambers are arranged in parallel in the sample chamber main body.

[0008] Preferably, the top surface of the sample chamber body is parallel to the bottom surface, the sample chamber is a cylindrical through hole formed in the sample chamber body, the first opening of the sample chamber is located on the top surface of the sample chamber body, and the second opening of the sample chamber is located on the bottom surface of the sample chamber body.

[0009] Preferably, the cover plate is parallel to the top surface of the sample chamber body in a bottom surface, a plurality of through holes are formed in the center of the cover plate, and the first gas-permeable barrier is arranged in the through hole.

[0010] Preferably, the air blowing part comprises: an air flow distributor formed with a plurality of air outlets, a plurality of the air outlets are arranged one-to-one corresponding to a plurality of second openings of the sample chambers; and a gas guide pipe, a first end of which is in communication with the air flow distributor; and a positive pressure air pump arranged outside the specific gravity liquid container, the positive pressure air pump being in communication with a second end of the gas guide pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the air flow distributor comprises: a distributor body in communication with the first end of the gas guide pipe; a plurality of air flow pipes, bottom ends of the plurality of air flow pipes being in communication with the distributor body, top ends of the air flow pipes being formed with the air outlets, the air outlets being provided with second gas-permeable barriers, and the plurality of air flow pipes being inserted one-to-one into the second openings of the plurality of sample chambers.

[0012] Preferably, the first gas-permeable barrier and the second gas-permeable barrier are both mesh plates, and the mesh plate has a pore size smaller than the particle size of the sample.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the specific gravity liquid container is formed with a third opening.

[0014] According to the second aspect of the present application, a method for detecting insect-eaten grains is provided, wherein the method comprises: connecting a sample chamber body with an air flow distributor, inserting a plurality of air flow pipes one-to-one into a plurality of second openings of sample chambers; placing a plurality of groups of samples into the plurality of sample chambers respectively; connecting the air flow distributor with a positive pressure air pump through a gas guide pipe; covering a cover plate on the upper part of the sample chamber body, aligning a plurality of first gas-permeable barriers with a plurality of first openings of the sample chambers, and then placing the sample chamber body into a specific gravity liquid container; turning on the positive pressure air pump to blow air into the plurality of sample chambers through the air flow distributor; and removing the grains containing hidden pests floating on the upper part of each sample chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the method for detecting insect-bored grains further comprises determining the number of grains in each group of samples before putting the groups of samples into the plurality of sample chambers respectively, and the step of determining the number of grains in each group of samples comprises: performing test sample treatment, first performing test sample staining, respectively taking three kinds of test samples with different weights, completely immersing the test samples in potassium permanganate solution until the grains are dark brown, taking out the test samples after sieving, and spreading and airing for use; then mixing the samples uniformly, mixing the stained test samples into the three kinds of unstained test samples with different weights respectively in a 360-degree vertical surface rotating mixer to mix the stained grains and the unstained grains thoroughly, obtaining three kinds of sample grains with different staining densities for use; then sampling the samples, sampling at the center point, the middle point and the outer point respectively, taking 100g each time, and obtaining 8-12 small samples after 8 times of sampling by a bell-shaped sample divider; separately packaging the small samples after sampling into self-sealing bags and marking the sampling points, comparing the probabilities of detecting stained grains at different sampling points, then analyzing the small samples with different grain numbers, comparing the probabilities of detecting stained grains with different small sample grain numbers, and thus determining the appropriate small sample sampling amount; performing data processing, using a computer to statistically process the data and draw a data analysis graph, and then using a new complex range method to perform multiple comparison analysis to determine the number of grains in each group of samples as 12.

[0016] The device for detecting insect-bored grains and the method for detecting insect-bored grains of the embodiment of the application, the specific gravity liquid container is provided with specific gravity liquid, the sample chamber part is arranged inside the specific gravity liquid container, the sample chamber part comprises a plurality of sample chambers, a first opening is formed at the top of the sample chamber, a second opening is formed at the bottom of the sample chamber, the first opening and the second opening are in communication, the blowing part is arranged inside the specific gravity liquid container and located at the lower part of the sample chamber part, the blowing part is used for blowing air into the second openings of the plurality of sample chambers to eliminate the air bubbles on the surfaces of the grains in the sample chambers, thereby omitting the step of stirring every minute and accelerating the speed of sample detection, and the gland part can be arranged on the upper part of the sample chamber part, the gland part is provided with air-permeable shielding pieces at the first openings corresponding to the plurality of sample chambers to avoid that the grains in the sample chambers are taken out of the sample chambers by air flow, and only 12 grains need to be placed in each sample chamber when the method is used to detect insect-bored grains, so that the problems of too many grains and slow process and troublesome operation in the existing method for detecting insect-bored grains can be effectively solved.

[0017] In order to make the above objectives, characteristics and advantages of the present application more apparent and easy to understand, the following preferred embodiments are specifically described below, and the accompanying drawings are referred to for detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some of the embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for detecting insect-eaten grains according to the present application.

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a sampling point of a granary according to the present application.

[0021] Reference signs: 1 - specific gravity liquid container; 10 - specific gravity liquid; 11 - third opening; 2 - sample chamber part; 21 - sample chamber main body; 22 - sample chamber; 221 - first opening; 222 - second opening; 3 - air blowing part; 30 - distributor main body; 31 - air flow pipe; 310 - air blowing port; 311 - second air permeable barrier; 32 - air guide pipe; 33 - positive pressure air pump; 4 - gland part; 41 - cover plate; 42 - first air permeable barrier; 5 - grain; 61 - center point; 62 - middle point; 63 - outer point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following detailed description is provided to help the reader understand the method, device and / or system described herein. However, various changes, modifications and equivalents can become apparent to those skilled in the art after understanding the disclosure provided herein. For example, the order of the operations described herein is merely an example, and is not limited to the order set forth herein, but changes that would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art after understanding the disclosure provided herein can be made, except for operations that must occur in a specific order. Also, the description of features known in the art can be omitted in order to improve clarity and conciseness.

[0023] The features described herein can be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided merely to show some of the many ways in which the methods, devices and / or systems described herein can be implemented after understanding the disclosure provided herein.

[0024] Throughout the specification, when an element (such as a layer, region or substrate) is referred to as being "on" another element, "connected to" another element, "coupled to" another element, "adjacent to" another element, "on top of" another element or "covering" another element, it can be directly on, connected to, coupled to, adjacent to, on top of, or covering the other element, or one or more other elements can be interposed therebetween. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on", "directly connected to", "directly coupled to", "directly adjacent to", "directly on top of", or "directly covering" another element, there are no other elements interposed therebetween.

[0025] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any one of the listed items and any combination of two or more of the listed items.

[0026] Although terms such as "first", "second", and "third" can be used herein to describe various components, assemblies, regions, layers or sections, these components, assemblies, regions, layers or sections are not limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are only used to distinguish one component, assembly, region, layer or section from another component, assembly, region, layer or section. Thus, a component, assembly, region, layer or section referred to as a first component, assembly, region, layer or section in one example described herein can also be referred to as a second component, assembly, region, layer or section in another example without departing from the teachings of the examples.

[0027] For ease of description, spatial relationship terms, such as "on", "upper", "beneath", and "lower", can be used herein to describe one element's relationship to another element as illustrated in the figures. Such spatial relationship terms can be intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation, in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, a component described as on "top" or the "upper" of another component would then be oriented on the "bottom" or "lower" of the other component. Accordingly, the term "on" encompasses both a "on" and "under" orientation in accordance with the spatial orientation of the device. The device can be otherwise oriented (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatial relationship terms used herein interpreted accordingly.

[0028] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various examples only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including" and "has" are listed means the stated features, integers, operations, components, elements and / or the combination thereof, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, operations, components, elements and / or the combination thereof.

[0029] Variations in the shapes illustrated in the drawings can occur as a result of manufacturing processes and / or tolerances. Thus, the examples described herein are not limited to the specific shapes illustrated in the drawings, but include variations in shapes that occur during manufacturing.

[0030] Features of the examples described herein can be combined with one another in any manner, as would be apparent to one of skill in the art after understanding the disclosure provided herein. Furthermore, although examples described herein have various configurations, other configurations are possible as would be apparent to one of skill in the art after understanding the disclosure provided herein.

[0031] As Figure 1 illustrated, a device for detecting insect-bored grains according to a first aspect of the present disclosure includes a specific gravity liquid container 1, a sample chamber portion 2, a blowing portion 3, and a cover portion 4.

[0032] In the following description, reference is made to the Figure 1 The specific structure of the above components of the device for detecting insect-bored grains and the connection relationship of the above components are described in detail.

[0033] As Figure 1 illustrated, in an embodiment, the specific gravity liquid container 1 is provided with specific gravity liquid 10, and the sample chamber portion 2 can be arranged inside the specific gravity liquid container 1. The sample chamber portion 2 can include a plurality of sample chambers 22, which are used to place samples, which can be grains 5. The top of the sample chamber 22 can be formed with a first opening 221, and the bottom of the sample chamber 22 can be formed with a second opening 222, which can be in communication with each other. The blowing portion 3 can be arranged inside the specific gravity liquid container 1 and arranged at the lower part of the sample chamber portion 2, which is used to blow air into the second opening 222 of the plurality of sample chambers 22, so as to quickly eliminate the surface bubbles of the grains 5 inside the sample chamber 22, thereby accelerating the speed of sample detection and eliminating the step of stirring every minute, so as to reduce the workload of the operator. The cover portion 4 can be arranged at the upper part of the sample chamber portion 2, and the cover portion 4 is provided with a first air-permeable shielding member 42 at the position corresponding to the first opening 221 of the plurality of sample chambers 22, so as to avoid the grains 5 in the sample chamber 22 being taken out of the sample chamber 22 by the air flow from the first opening 221.

[0034] Preferred, such as Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the specific gravity liquid container 1 can be a cylindrical cylinder, inside which specific gravity liquid 10 is placed. The liquid level of specific gravity liquid 10 in the specific gravity liquid container 1 can be higher than the top of the sample chamber 2. Preferably, the specific gravity liquid 10 can have a relative density of 1.15 g / cm³. 3 The glycerol solution allows grains 5 in their normal state to sink in the gravity liquid 10, while grains 5 damaged by insects will float. Furthermore, preferably, the top of the gravity liquid container 1 may have a circular third opening 11, the size of which may be equal to the size of the top surface of the gravity liquid container 1; that is, the top surface of the gravity liquid container 1 may be formed as an opening. The third opening 11 is used for operators to insert other components into the gravity liquid container 1 and for expelling gas blown into the gravity liquid container 1 by the air blowing unit 3.

[0035] However, this is not the only option. The cylindrical shape of the specific gravity liquid container 1 is only a preferred embodiment. In actual applications, the specific gravity liquid container can also be formed into other shapes, such as a cube. The size and shape of the third opening can also be adapted to actual needs.

[0036] Preferred, such as Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the sample chamber 2 may include a sample chamber body 21 and sample chambers 22, with multiple sample chambers 22 arranged parallel to each other within the sample chamber body 21. The sample chamber body 21 may include a top surface and a bottom surface opposite to each other, and the top and bottom surfaces of the sample chamber body 21 may be parallel. Specifically, the sample chamber body 21 may be a rectangular plexiglass, and the sample chambers 22 may be cylindrical through-holes formed inside the sample chamber body 21, such that a first opening 221 of the sample chamber 22 is formed on the top surface of the sample chamber body 21, and a second opening 222 of the sample chamber 22 is formed on the bottom surface of the sample chamber body 21. Preferably, the sample chambers 22 may be arranged vertically to facilitate the floating of grains 5 and air bubbles, and the number of sample chambers 22 may be 10 as shown in this embodiment.

[0037] However, this is not the only option. The rectangular plexiglass sample chamber 2 is only a preferred embodiment. As long as the function of detecting insect-eaten grains can be achieved, the sample chamber can also be formed in other ways. For example, the sample chamber can be a cylindrical plexiglass sample chamber, or the sample chamber can be a hollow metal frame, while the sample chamber 22 is a glass tube with openings at the top and bottom that is fixed inside the metal frame.

[0038] Preferred, such as Figure 1As shown, in the embodiment, the air blowing part 3 can include an air flow distributor, an air guide pipe 32 and a positive pressure air pump 33. The positive pressure air pump 33 can be arranged outside the specific gravity liquid container 1, and the positive pressure air pump 33 and the air flow distributor can be communicated through the air guide pipe 32. Specifically, the first end of the air guide pipe 32 can be communicated with the air flow distributor, the second end of the air guide pipe 32 can be communicated with the positive pressure air pump 33, and the air guide pipe 32 can extend into the specific gravity liquid container 1 through the third opening 11. The air flow distributor can be placed at the bottom inside the specific gravity liquid container 1, and the air flow distributor can be formed with a plurality of air blowing ports 310. The number of the air blowing ports 310 can be the same as the number of the sample chambers 22, and the plurality of air blowing ports 310 are arranged one by one corresponding to the plurality of second openings 222 of the sample chambers 22, so that the grains 5 in each sample chamber 22 can be blown.

[0039] Further, preferably, as shown in the embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, in the embodiment, the air flow distributor can include a distributor body 30 and an air flow pipe 31. The distributor body 30 can be a square box body, and the side of the distributor body 30 can be communicated with the first end of the air guide pipe 32. The top of the distributor body 30 can be provided with a plurality of cylindrical air flow pipes 31. Specifically, the bottoms of the plurality of air flow pipes 31 can be communicated with the top of the distributor body 30, so that the plurality of air flow pipes 31 are indirectly communicated with the air guide pipe 32. The top end of the air flow pipe 31 is formed as an air blowing port 310, and a circular second air permeable barrier 311 can be clamped and fixed inside the air blowing port 310. Preferably, the second air permeable barrier 311 can be a mesh plate, which is formed with mesh holes for air flow and liquid to pass through. The mesh hole diameter is smaller than the particle size of the grains 5. In addition, preferably, the radial dimension of the top end of the air flow pipe 31 is smaller than the radial dimension of the sample chamber 22, and the number of the air flow pipes 31 is the same as the number of the sample chambers 22. The positions of the air flow pipes 31 correspond to the positions of the sample chambers 22, so that the plurality of air flow pipes 31 can be inserted one by one into the plurality of second openings 222 of the sample chambers 22, and then the sample chamber body 21 and the air flow distributor are inserted and fitted, and the grains 5 in the sample chamber 22 can be blocked by the second air permeable barrier 311 during the sinking process, so as to avoid the grains 5 falling into the air flow pipe 31.

[0040] Preferably, as shown in the embodiment, Figure 1As shown, in the embodiment, the cover part 4 can be a rectangular cover plate 41, and a plurality of through holes can be formed in the center of the cover plate 41, the size of the through holes can be larger than the size of the first openings 221 of the sample chambers 22, the number of the through holes is the same as the number of the first openings 221 of the sample chambers 22, and the positions of the through holes correspond to the positions of the first openings 221 of the sample chambers 22. The first gas-permeable shielding members 42 can be arranged in the through holes. Preferably, the first gas-permeable shielding members 42 can be circular mesh plates, which are clamped and fixed in the through holes. In addition, preferably, the bottom surface of the cover plate 41 can be parallel to the top surface of the sample chamber body 21, so that the cover plate 41 can be tightly covered on the top of the sample chamber body 21. Preferably, the cover plate 41 can be a glass plate, but is not limited thereto, and the cover plate can also be formed as a mesh plate as a whole.

[0041] In addition, according to the second aspect of the present application, a method for detecting insect-bored grains is provided, which comprises the following steps:

[0042] Connecting the sample chamber body 21 and the airflow distributor, and inserting the plurality of airflow tubes 31 into the second openings 222 of the plurality of sample chambers 22 one by one;

[0043] Placing a plurality of groups of samples into the plurality of sample chambers 22 respectively;

[0044] Connecting the airflow distributor and the positive pressure air pump 33 through the air guide tube 32;

[0045] Covering the upper part of the sample chamber body 21 with the cover plate 41, aligning the plurality of first gas-permeable shielding members 42 with the plurality of first openings 221 of the plurality of sample chambers 22, and then placing the sample chamber body 21 into the specific gravity liquid container 1;

[0046] Opening the positive pressure air pump 33, and blowing air to the plurality of sample chambers 22 through the airflow distributor;

[0047] Removing the insect-bored grains 5 containing hidden pests floating on the upper part of each sample chamber 22.

[0048] In the following description, reference will be made to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Specific description of the above steps of the method for detecting insect-bored grains.

[0049] Preferably, as Figure 1As shown in the embodiment, in the process of detecting the insect-eaten grains, the sample chamber body 21 can be connected with the airflow distributor first, specifically, the plurality of airflow tubes 31 can be inserted into the second openings 222 of the plurality of sample chambers 22 one by one, so that the sample chambers 22 are communicated with the airflow distributor. Then, a plurality of groups of samples are respectively placed in the plurality of sample chambers 22, and the number of groups of samples can be determined according to the total amount of the grains to be detected. The grains 5 will fall on the top of the second air-permeable shielding member 311 after being placed in the sample chamber 22. The airflow distributor is communicated with the positive pressure air pump 33 through the air guide pipe 32, so that the positive pressure air pump 33 can supply air to the airflow distributor through the air guide pipe 32. The cover plate 41 is pressed on the upper part of the sample chamber body 21, and the plurality of first air-permeable shielding members 42 are aligned with the first openings 221 of the plurality of sample chambers 22, so as to prevent the grains 5 in the sample chambers 22 from being taken out of the sample chambers 22 by the airflow from the first openings 221. Then, the sample chamber body 21 is placed in the specific gravity liquid container 1 for immersion. The surface of the grains 5 immersed in the specific gravity liquid 10 will generate air bubbles. The positive pressure air pump 33 is opened, and air is blown to the plurality of sample chambers 22 through the airflow distributor, so as to eliminate the air bubbles on the surface of the grains 5 by airflow. Finally, the grains 5 containing hidden pests floating on the upper part of each sample chamber 22 are removed, and the removed grains 5 can be used for subsequent incision detection.

[0050] Preferably, as shown in the embodiment, the method for detecting the insect-eaten grains further comprises determining the number of grains 5 in each group of samples before the plurality of groups of samples are respectively placed in the plurality of sample chambers 22, and the step of determining the number of grains 5 in each group of samples comprises: Figure 1 Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment, the method for detecting the insect-eaten grains further comprises determining the number of grains 5 in each group of samples before the plurality of groups of samples are respectively placed in the plurality of sample chambers 22, and the step of determining the number of grains 5 in each group of samples comprises:

[0051] The test sample grains are processed. First, the test sample grains are dyed. Three kinds of test sample grains with different weights are respectively taken, soaked in potassium permanganate solution until the grains are black-brown, and then taken out after sieving and laid out for drying. Then, the samples are mixed uniformly, the dyed test sample grains are respectively mixed into the three kinds of undyed test sample grains with different weights, and placed in a 360-degree vertical surface rotating mixer to mix the dyed grains and the undyed grains uniformly to obtain three kinds of sample grains with different dyeing densities. Then, the samples are sampled at the center point, the middle point and the outer point respectively, 100g each time, and 8-12 small samples are obtained after 8 times of sampling by a Zhongding type sample divider. The small samples after sampling are separately packaged in self-sealing bags and marked with the sampling points. The probabilities of detecting dyed grains at different sampling points are compared. Then, the small samples with different numbers of grains are analyzed, the probabilities of detecting dyed grains are compared, and the appropriate sampling amount of the small samples is determined. Data processing is performed. The data are statistically analyzed by using a computer and a data analysis chart is drawn. A new complex range method is used for multiple comparison analysis to determine that the number of grains 5 in each group of samples is 12.​

[0052] Specifically, when food is infected with hidden pests and no adult pests are seen, detecting the presence of live pests inside is beneficial for later prevention and decision-making. If insecticidal treatment is taken before the appearance of adult pests, the increase in insect-infested grain rate can be avoided. The imperfect grain rate of food is one of the basis for grading wheat and corn, and the insect-infested grain rate is part of the imperfect grain rate. Detecting a batch of food to determine whether it has hidden pests and taking insecticidal treatment to avoid an increase in insect-infested grain rate is of great significance. A small sample can be taken from a batch of samples for detection, and the small sample detection can represent the overall pest infection of the food. The following experiments aim to test the relationship between the number of small samples and the infection degree of large samples when different proportions of pest-infected food (represented by dyed grain) are taken from a batch of food, so that the same expected results can be achieved by reducing the sample size through small sample or multiple parallel detection.

[0053] First, the sample is processed. First, the test sample (grain) is dyed. Take 5 kg, 10 kg, and 20 kg of wheat, respectively, and completely immerse them in a 10 g / L potassium permanganate solution for about 20 minutes. After sieving, the grain is removed, which is black-brown and can be clearly distinguished from the undyed grain. Place it on a plastic film, spread it evenly, and dry it in a well-ventilated place or under sunlight. Place it in a woven bag and store it in a cold storage at 4-5°C for later use. Second, mix the samples evenly. Mix the dyed grain into 95, 90, and 80 kg of undyed grain, respectively, and place it in a 360-degree vertical rotating mixer. Set the speed to 20 r / min, and when the mixer is running, the stirring blades will also rotate. The rotating double-cone cylinder causes the material inside the cylinder to tumble and mix. The high-speed rotating stirring blades quickly mix the material inside the cylinder. Stir clockwise and counterclockwise for 10 minutes each, for a total of 20 minutes. This ensures that the dyed and undyed grains are thoroughly mixed. Obtain 5 / 100 kg, 10 / 100 kg, and 20 / 100 kg of dyed grain, and place them in a small grain bin with a diameter of 116 cm and a height of 50 cm. Spread the grain evenly, and use it for later sampling tests. Third, sample the samples. In order to apply the test results to actual production, the occurrence of pests in the grain bin is simulated in the test. The sampling scheme is as follows: Figure 2As shown, the center site 61, the middle site 62 and the outer site 63 are three sampling sites, wherein the center site 61 is located at the center, the middle site 62 is located at 1 / 2 of the radius, and the outer site 63 is located at the outer periphery. Specifically, the diameter of the circular warehouse can be 116 cm, and the depth is less than 8 m. Since the pile height is below 2 m, the experiment is divided into two layers, and seven sampling points are set in each layer according to the center site 61, the middle site 62 and the outer site 63, and fourteen sampling points are set in total. Each test is repeated three times. About 100 g (about 2000 grains) is taken each time, and 8~12 grains are obtained after 8 times of sampling by the Zhongding type sampler. The small samples after sampling are separately packaged in self-sealing bags, and the sampling points are marked. The probabilities of detecting dyed grains at different sampling points are compared, and the probabilities of detecting dyed grains at different sample sizes are analyzed, so as to determine the appropriate sample size. In actual detection, the results of grain infection by pests can be determined by measuring the change of resistance value of the screw rod push extrusion electric conductance device, that is, the resistance value of normal grains with the same mass is high, and the resistance value of infected pests after a certain period of time is significantly reduced, so that the hidden pest infection is determined.

[0054] Secondly, data processing is performed. Computer software can be used to statistically analyze the data and draw data analysis graphs, and then new complex range method is used for multiple comparison analysis.

[0055] Finally, the test results are shown in Table 1. When the sample size is 9 grains, the detection probability of dyed grains is low at 49.00% and 50.00% when the dyeing rate is 5% and 10%, and the detection probability is 70.00% when the dyeing rate is 20%. When the sample size is 10 grains, the detection probability of dyed grains reaches 97.00% at a dyeing rate of 20%. When the sample size is 11 grains, the detection probability of dyed grains reaches 99.00% at a dyeing rate of 20%. When the sample size is 12 grains, the detection probability of dyed grains is 77.00, 88.00 and 100.00% at a dyeing rate of 5, 10 and 20%, respectively. It is found that when the sample size is 12 grains, even if the dyeing degree is low, the detection rate can also be high, and the detection coincidence degree can reach 100% when the sample size is 12 grains. Even when the infection rate is 5% or more, the ratio of judging whether the grain is infected or not is more than 77%.

[0056] Table 1 Detection probability of dyed grains at different sample sizes (%)

[0057]

[0058] Wherein, the data in the table are average values ± standard errors of 10 repeated samples, and the same column data with different capital letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05); the same row data with different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).

[0059] Therefore, in the method for detecting worm-eaten grains, the number of grains 5 in each group of samples is selected as 12, which can greatly reduce the number of grains 5 in the samples under the condition of ensuring the accuracy of the experiment, and avoid the large workload in the subsequent step of cutting open with tools.

[0060] The method for detecting worm-eaten grains uses a small amount of sample with sufficient representativeness and performs multiple parallel processing, which is more conducive to statistics and evaluation. All samples are immersed in the specific gravity liquid 10, so that all samples can be blown by the blowing part 3 to accelerate the elimination of bubbles on the surface of the grains 5, so that the entire floating operation determination process can be completed faster. In the test, the bubbles on the surface of the grains 5 can be completely eliminated within 10 to 15 seconds, and the entire floating operation determination process can be completed within 3 to 5 minutes. Only the time for eliminating bubbles can save more than 9 minutes and 40 seconds, and there is no need for manual stirring every minute. This speeds up the detection process and reduces the number of grains 5 in the sample and the workload of the operator.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present application, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them. The protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can modify or easily think of changes to the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments within the technical range disclosed by the present application, or make equivalent replacements to some technical features thereof; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An apparatus for detecting insect damaged kernels, comprising: The device for detecting insect-bored grains comprises: a specific gravity liquid container, which is internally provided with specific gravity liquid; a sample chamber part, which is arranged in the interior of the specific gravity liquid container and comprises a plurality of sample chambers, the top of each sample chamber is formed with a first opening, and the bottom of each sample chamber is formed with a second opening, the first opening and the second opening are in communication; a blowing part, which is arranged in the interior of the specific gravity liquid container and is located at the lower part of the sample chamber part, and is used for blowing air into the second openings of the plurality of sample chambers; and a cover part, which is arranged on the upper part of the sample chamber part and is provided with a plurality of first air-permeable shielding parts corresponding to the first openings of the plurality of sample chambers.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein The sample chamber part further comprises a sample chamber main body, and the plurality of sample chambers are arranged in parallel in the sample chamber main body.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein The top surface of the sample chamber main body is parallel to the bottom surface, each sample chamber is a cylindrical through hole formed in the interior of the sample chamber main body, the first opening of each sample chamber is located on the top surface of the sample chamber main body, and the second opening of each sample chamber is located on the bottom surface of the sample chamber main body.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein The cover part is a cover plate, the bottom surface of the cover plate is parallel to the top surface of the sample chamber main body, a plurality of through holes are formed in the center of the cover plate, and the first air-permeable shielding parts are arranged in the through holes.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein The blowing part comprises: an air flow distributor, which is formed with a plurality of air outlets, and the plurality of air outlets are arranged one by one corresponding to the second openings of the plurality of sample chambers; a gas guide pipe, which is in communication with the first end of the air flow distributor; and a positive pressure air pump, which is arranged outside the specific gravity liquid container and is in communication with the second end of the gas guide pipe.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein The air flow distributor comprises: a distributor main body, which is in communication with the first end of the gas guide pipe; and a plurality of air flow tubes, the bottom ends of the plurality of air flow tubes are in communication with the distributor main body, the top ends of the air flow tubes are formed with the air outlets, the second air-permeable shielding parts are arranged at the air outlets, and the plurality of air flow tubes are inserted one by one into the second openings of the plurality of sample chambers.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein, The first air-permeable shielding parts and the second air-permeable shielding parts are both mesh plates, and the pore size of the mesh plates is smaller than the particle size of the sample.

8. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The top of the specific gravity liquid container is formed with a third opening.

9. A method of detecting insect damaged kernels, comprising: The method for detecting insect-bored grains adopts the device for detecting insect-bored grains according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the method comprises: connecting the sample chamber main body and the air flow distributor, and inserting the plurality of air flow tubes one by one into the second openings of the plurality of sample chambers; placing a plurality of groups of samples into the plurality of sample chambers respectively; connecting the air flow distributor and the positive pressure air pump through the gas guide pipe; pressing the cover plate on the upper part of the sample chamber main body, aligning the plurality of first air-permeable shielding parts with the first openings of the plurality of sample chambers, and then placing the sample chamber main body into the specific gravity liquid container; turning on the positive pressure air pump, and blowing air into the plurality of sample chambers through the air flow distributor; removing the grains containing hidden pests floating on the upper part of each sample chamber.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of detecting insect-damaged kernels comprises the step of: The method for detecting insect-bored grains further comprises determining the number of grains in each group of the samples before the groups of the samples are respectively placed in the plurality of sample chambers, and the step of determining the number of grains in each group of the samples comprises: The test sample treatment is performed, first, the test sample is dyed, three test samples with different weights are taken respectively, and the test samples are completely immersed in potassium permanganate solution until the grains are dark brown, then the test samples are taken out after sieving and laid out for drying; then the samples are mixed uniformly, the dyed test samples are mixed into the three kinds of un-dyed test samples with different weights respectively, and the dyed and un-dyed grains are fully mixed in a 360-degree vertical surface rotating mixer to obtain three kinds of test samples with different dyeing densities; then the samples are sampled, the samples are taken at the center point, the middle point and the outer point respectively, 100g is taken each time, the samples are divided by a bell-shaped sample divider for 8 times to obtain 8-12 small samples; the small samples after the division are separately packed in self-sealing bags, and the sampling points are marked; the probabilities of detecting dyed grains at different sampling points are compared; the small samples with different numbers of grains are analyzed, the probabilities of detecting dyed grains are compared, and the appropriate sampling amount of the small samples is determined; Data processing is performed, the data is counted by using a computer and a data analysis graph is drawn, a new complex range method is used for multiple comparison analysis, and the number of grains in each group of samples is determined to be 12.

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