A drone-based soil temperature and humidity monitoring device

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of soil monitoring technology, and specifically relates to a soil temperature and humidity monitoring device based on a drone. The device includes a mobile base with a hollow structure. A data acquisition unit is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mobile base, and the data transmission terminal of the data acquisition unit is connected to a display mounted on the side wall of the mobile base. An automatic detection mechanism is installed inside the mobile base. This invention enables multi-point, full-coverage, and multiple sampling of soil, making the sampling points more concentrated, ensuring the accuracy of soil sample testing results. It also protects the drone from fall damage, ensuring efficient soil transport by the drone. Furthermore, it simplifies soil sampling operations and facilitates control over soil sampling depth and quantity, effectively improving the accuracy and efficiency of soil sampling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of soil monitoring technology, and in particular relates to a soil temperature and humidity monitoring device based on a drone. Background Technology

[0002] Soil monitoring is an important measure to understand the status of soil environmental quality. It involves the dynamic analysis and measurement of the degree and trend of soil pollution with the aim of preventing and controlling soil pollution hazards. It includes surveys of the current status of soil environmental quality, investigations of regional soil environmental background values, investigations of soil pollution incidents, and dynamic observation of polluted soil. Soil monitoring generally includes steps such as preparation, site selection, sampling, sample preparation, analysis and testing, and evaluation. Soil temperature and humidity refer to the temperature and moisture conditions of the soil, which play a crucial role in the growth of crops in the soil.

[0003] However, existing devices for soil temperature and humidity monitoring often have the following problems when in use:

[0004] 1. Existing soil environmental temperature and humidity monitoring devices usually adopt fixed-point sampling or direct fixed-point detection methods. When multiple sampling and detection are required or when sampling is required in other areas, it is often inconvenient. Moreover, after moving the location, the detection at that point needs to be repeated, resulting in fewer detection points. In other words, the soil samples are scattered in different areas, making it impossible to conduct frequent and dense detection, thereby reducing the accuracy of soil sample detection results.

[0005] 2. In the method of using drones to transport and test soil, the device needs to support the take-off and landing of the drone. However, the existing device only has a support platform or support base for parking the drone, which lacks a certain protective structure. When the ground of the sampled soil is not flat enough, that is, when the device itself is tilted, there may be a certain danger in parking the drone, which may cause the drone to slip or even be damaged, affecting the efficiency of the drone in transporting soil.

[0006] 3. In addition, soil spillage often occurs when soil is sampled, making it impossible to guarantee the integrity of the soil sample. Furthermore, direct sampling is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also makes it difficult to control the soil sampling depth and quantity, which greatly reduces the accuracy and efficiency of soil sampling.

[0007] To address these issues, we propose a drone-based soil temperature and humidity monitoring device. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the scattered detection points reducing the accuracy of detection results, the lack of protective structure for sampling drones, and the low efficiency and accuracy of direct soil sampling. The invention provides a drone-based soil temperature and humidity monitoring device that can improve the accuracy of detection results, provide sufficient protection for drones, and improve the accuracy and efficiency of soil sampling.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a soil temperature and humidity monitoring device based on a drone, comprising a mobile base, the mobile base having a hollow structure, a data collector fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mobile base, a display connected to the data transmission end of the data collector, the display being mounted on the side wall of the mobile base, and an automatic detection mechanism being provided inside the mobile base.

[0010] The automatic detection mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a limiting rod, a limiting bracket, a guide rod, a compression spring, a rotating rod, a transmission rod, and a detection needle. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the side wall of the movable base, and a limiting rod is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. A limiting bracket is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable base. A guide rod is slidably connected to the middle of the limiting bracket, and a compression spring is fitted onto the guide rod. A rotating rod is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and a limiting protrusion is provided on the rotating rod. A transmission rod is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating rod, and the end of the transmission rod is rotatably connected to the upper end of the guide rod. A detection needle is installed at the lower end of the guide rod, and the detection needle is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit.

[0011] A support frame is fixedly connected to the top of the mobile base, a parking rack is slidably connected to the support frame, a protective mechanism is provided below the parking rack, and a sampling mechanism is provided on the outer wall of the mobile base.

[0012] Furthermore, the protective mechanism includes an annular protective plate, a worm gear, a support rod, a worm wheel, an auxiliary lever, a groove, and a columnar protrusion. The annular protective plate is fixedly connected to the top of the movable base. The worm gear is rotatably connected to the bottom of the support frame. Two support rods are rotatably connected to the bottom of the support frame. A worm wheel is fixedly connected to each support rod. Both worm wheels mesh with the worm gear. An auxiliary lever is fixedly connected to the end of the support rod. A groove is provided at the end of the auxiliary lever. A columnar protrusion is provided at the bottom of the parking rack. The columnar protrusion is located in the groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the sampling mechanism includes a slide rail, a slider, a sleeve, a pressing tube, a corrugated feed tube, a sampling plate, a straight rod, a spiral blade, and a handle. The slide rail is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable base, the slider is slidably connected to the slide rail, the sleeve is fixedly connected to the slider, the pressing tube is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sleeve, the corrugated feed tube is connected to the upper end of the sleeve, the sampling plate is slidably connected inside the sleeve, the straight rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the sampling plate, the spiral blade is provided at the bottom of the sampling plate, and the handle is provided at the upper end of the straight rod.

[0014] Furthermore, a drive motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable base, and the end of the rotating shaft passes through the side wall of the movable base and is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor.

[0015] Furthermore, the compression spring is made of alloy steel with a high elastic coefficient, and both ends of the compression spring are fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide rod and the top of the limiting bracket, respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom of the movable base has a through hole, and the guide rod is slidably connected in the through hole.

[0017] Furthermore, a motor is fixedly connected to the top of the movable base, and the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the lower end of the worm gear.

[0018] Furthermore, the sampling plate is inclined, and the lower end of the spiral blade is tapered.

[0019] Furthermore, the bottom of the movable base is equipped with drive wheels.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this UAV-based soil temperature and humidity monitoring device are:

[0021] 1. This invention features an automatic detection mechanism that drives a probe to penetrate deep into the soil surface, allowing the probe to automatically and directly detect the soil. Furthermore, the device moves by driving the base wheel, enabling it to perform multiple, full-coverage samplings of the soil at multiple points. This results in more concentrated sampling points and ensures the accuracy of soil sample test results.

[0022] 2. This invention, by setting up a protective mechanism, lowers the drone's height by lowering the landing platform after the drone lands and protects the drone with a ring-shaped protective plate, thus preventing the drone from falling and being damaged, and ensuring that the drone can efficiently transport soil.

[0023] 3. This invention sets up a sampling mechanism that drives the spiral blades to rotate and drive the sampling plate to penetrate deep into the soil. The inclined sampling plate then transports the soil directly to the drone through a corrugated conveying pipe, making soil sampling operations simpler and easier to control the soil sampling depth and quantity, thus effectively improving the accuracy and efficiency of soil sampling. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a side view structural cross-sectional diagram of a soil temperature and humidity monitoring device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A;

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point C;

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point D;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a soil temperature and humidity monitoring device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) provided by the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram, 1 is the movable base, 2 is the data acquisition unit, 3 is the display, 4 is the automatic detection mechanism, 41 is the rotating shaft, 42 is the limiting rod, 43 is the limiting bracket, 44 is the guide rod, 45 is the compression spring, 46 is the rotating rod, 47 is the transmission rod, 48 is the detection needle, 49 is the limiting protrusion, 5 is the support frame, 6 is the parking frame, 7 is the protective mechanism, 71 is the annular protective plate, 72 is the worm gear, 73 is the support rod, 74 is the worm wheel, 75 is the auxiliary lever, 76 is the groove, 77 is the columnar protrusion, 8 is the sampling mechanism, 81 is the slide rail, 82 is the slider, 83 is the sleeve, 84 is the pressure tube, 85 is the corrugated feed tube, 86 is the sampling plate, 87 is the straight rod, 88 is the spiral blade, 89 is the handle, 9 is the drive motor, 10 is the motor, and 11 is the drive wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, a soil temperature and humidity monitoring device based on a drone includes a mobile base 1 with drive wheels 11 mounted on its bottom. The mobile base 1 has a hollow structure. A data acquisition device 2 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mobile base 1, and a display 3 is connected to the data transmission end of the data acquisition device 2. The display 3 is mounted on the side wall of the mobile base 1. An automatic detection mechanism 4 is set inside the mobile base 1. The automatic detection mechanism 4 includes a rotating shaft 41, a limiting rod 42, a limiting bracket 43, a guide rod 44, a compression spring 45, a rotating rod 46, a transmission rod 47, and a detection needle 48. The rotating shaft 41 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the mobile base 1, and a drive motor 9 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mobile base 1. The end of the rotating shaft 41 passes through the side wall of the mobile base 1 and is connected to the output end of the drive motor 9. A fixed connection is made, with a limit rod 42 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 41, and a limit bracket 43 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable base 1. A guide rod 44 is slidably connected to the middle of the limit bracket 43. A through hole is opened at the bottom of the movable base 1, and the guide rod 44 is slidably connected in the through hole. A compression spring 45 is fitted on the guide rod 44. The compression spring 45 is made of alloy steel with a high elastic coefficient, and both ends of the compression spring 45 are fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide rod 44 and the top of the limit bracket 43, respectively. A rotating rod 46 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 41. A limit protrusion 49 is provided on the rotating rod 46. A transmission rod 47 is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating rod 46. The end of the transmission rod 47 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the guide rod 44. A probe 48 is installed at the lower end of the guide rod 44. The probe 48 is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit 2.

[0033] First, the drive motor 9 is started, and the output of the drive motor 9 drives the rotating shaft 41 to rotate, causing the limiting rod 42 on the rotating shaft 41 to rotate synchronously. During the rotation, the limiting rod 42 contacts the limiting protrusion 49 on the rotating rod 46 and pushes the rotating rod 46 to rotate, so that the rotating rod 46 pulls the guide rod 44 upward through the transmission rod 47. During this process, the compression spring 45 is gradually compressed. When the limiting rod 42 separates from the limiting protrusion 49, the compression spring 45 pushes the guide rod 44 downward through the elastic force generated, so that the probe 48 at the lower end of the guide rod 44 detects the temperature and humidity of the soil surface layer, and transmits the data to the display 3 through the data acquisition device 2, so that the real-time temperature and humidity of the soil surface layer can be observed intuitively. By cyclically driving the guide rod 44 to rise and fall, the probe 48 automatically detects the soil. At the same time, the driving wheel 11 drives the moving base 1 to move, so as to support the device to perform multiple samplings of the soil at multiple points and with full coverage, making the sampling points more concentrated and ensuring the accuracy of the soil sample test results.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a support frame 5 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable base 1, and a parking rack 6 is slidably connected to the support frame 5. A protective mechanism 7 is provided below the parking rack 6. The protective mechanism 7 includes an annular protective plate 71, a worm gear 72, a support rod 73, a worm wheel 74, an auxiliary lever 75, a groove 76, and a columnar protrusion 77. The annular protective plate 71 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable base 1. The worm gear 72 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the support frame 5. A motor 10 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable base 1. The output end of the motor 10 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the worm gear 72. Two support rods 73 are rotatably connected to the bottom of the support frame 5. A worm wheel 74 is fixedly connected to each support rod 73. Both worm wheels 74 mesh with the worm gear 72. An auxiliary lever 75 is fixedly connected to the end of the support rod 73. A groove 76 is provided at the end of the auxiliary lever 75. A columnar protrusion 77 is provided at the bottom of the parking rack 6. The columnar protrusion 77 is located in the groove 76.

[0035] When using a drone for soil transport, after the drone lands on the parking rack 6, the motor 10 is started. The output of the motor 10 drives the worm gear 72 to rotate. Since both worm wheels 74 are meshed with the worm gear 72, the worm wheels 74 and the support rod 73 are driven to rotate. When the support rod 73 rotates, the auxiliary lever 75 rotates simultaneously, so that the auxiliary lever 75 rotates and engages with the columnar protrusion 77 at the bottom of the parking rack 6. This causes the parking rack 6 to begin to slide downward relative to the support frame 5, lowering the parking rack 6 to a certain height. Then, the ring-shaped protective plate 71 protects the drone, preventing it from falling and being damaged, and ensuring that the drone can efficiently transport soil.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a sampling mechanism 8 is provided on the outer wall of the movable base 1. The sampling mechanism 8 includes a slide rail 81, a slider 82, a sleeve 83, a pressing tube 84, a corrugated conveying tube 85, a sampling plate 86, a straight rod 87, a spiral blade 88, and a handle 89. The slide rail 81 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable base 1. The slider 82 is slidably connected to the slide rail 81. The sleeve 83 is fixedly connected to the slider 82. The pressing tube 84 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sleeve 83. The corrugated conveying tube 85 is connected to the upper end of the sleeve 83. The sampling plate 86 is slidably connected inside the sleeve 83. The sampling plate 86 is inclined. The straight rod 87 is fixedly connected to the middle of the sampling plate 86. The spiral blade 88 is provided at the bottom of the sampling plate 86. The lower end of the spiral blade 88 is conical. The handle 89 is provided at the upper end of the straight rod 87.

[0037] When sampling soil, the sleeve 83 is first pressed down, causing it to move downwards via the sliding block 82 on the slide rail 81. During this process, the pressing tube 84 at the lower end of the sleeve 83 gradually penetrates into the soil. Then, by pressing the handle 89, the straight rod 87 is lowered, causing the sampling plate 86 to slide downwards within the sleeve 83. When the spiral blade 88 below the sampling plate 86 contacts the soil, the spiral blade 88 is rotated by turning the handle 89, causing it to gradually penetrate deeper into the soil. At this point, some soil above the spiral blade 88 slides onto the sampling plate 86. Then, the handle 89 is pulled to raise the sampling plate 86. When the lower side of the sampling plate 86 is aligned with the corrugated conveyor pipe 85, the soil is directly transported to the drone through the corrugated conveyor pipe 85. This makes soil sampling easier and allows for better control of soil sampling depth and quantity, effectively improving the accuracy and efficiency of soil sampling.

[0038] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0039] 1. In use, first start the drive motor 9. The output of the drive motor 9 drives the rotating shaft 41 to rotate, so that the limiting rod 42 on the rotating shaft 41 rotates synchronously. During the rotation, the limiting rod 42 contacts the limiting protrusion 49 on the rotating rod 46 and pushes the rotating rod 46 to rotate. The rotating rod 46 pulls the guide rod 44 upward through the transmission rod 47. During this process, the compression spring 45 is gradually compressed. When the limiting rod 42 separates from the limiting protrusion 49, the compression spring 45 pushes the guide rod 44 downward through the generated elastic force, so that the probe 48 at the lower end of the guide rod 44 detects the temperature and humidity of the soil surface layer. The data is transmitted to the display 3 through the data acquisition device 2, so that the real-time temperature and humidity of the soil surface layer can be observed intuitively. By driving the guide rod 44 to rise and fall in a cycle, the probe 48 is driven to automatically detect the soil. At the same time, the moving base 1 is moved by the drive wheel 11, so as to support the device to perform multiple samplings of the soil at multiple points and with full coverage, so that the sampling points are more concentrated and the accuracy of the soil sample test results is guaranteed.

[0040] 2. When using a drone for soil transport, after the drone lands on the parking rack 6, the motor 10 is started. The output of the motor 10 drives the worm gear 72 to rotate. Since both worm wheels 74 are meshed with the worm gear 72, the worm wheels 74 and the support rod 73 are driven to rotate. When the support rod 73 rotates, the auxiliary lever 75 is driven to rotate simultaneously. This causes the auxiliary lever 75 to rotate and engage with the columnar protrusion 77 at the bottom of the parking rack 6. As a result, the parking rack 6 begins to slide downward relative to the support frame 5, causing the parking rack 6 to drop a certain height. Then, the ring-shaped protective plate 71 protects the drone from falling and being damaged, ensuring that the drone can efficiently transport soil.

[0041] 3. When sampling soil, first press down the sleeve 83, causing it to move downwards via the slider 82 sliding on the slide rail 81. During this process, the pressing tube 84 at the lower end of the sleeve 83 gradually penetrates into the soil. Then, by pressing the handle 89, the straight rod 87 is lowered, causing the sampling plate 86 to slide downwards within the sleeve 83. When the spiral blade 88 below the sampling plate 86 contacts the soil, the spiral blade 88 is rotated by turning the handle 89, causing it to gradually penetrate deeper into the soil. At this time, some soil above the spiral blade 88 will slide onto the sampling plate 86. Then, pull the handle 89 to raise the sampling plate 86. When the lower side of the sampling plate 86 is flush with the corrugated conveyor pipe 85, the soil will be directly transported to the drone through the corrugated conveyor pipe 85. This makes soil sampling easier and facilitates control of soil sampling depth and quantity, effectively improving the accuracy and efficiency of soil sampling.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil temperature and humidity monitoring device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), comprising a mobile base (1), characterized in that, The mobile base (1) adopts a hollow structure. A data acquisition device (2) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the mobile base (1). The data transmission end of the data acquisition device (2) is connected to a display (3). The display (3) is installed on the side wall of the mobile base (1). An automatic detection mechanism (4) is provided inside the mobile base (1). The automatic detection mechanism (4) includes a rotating shaft (41), a limiting rod (42), a limiting bracket (43), a guide rod (44), a compression spring (45), a rotating rod (46), a transmission rod (47), a detection needle (48), and a limiting protrusion (49). The rotating shaft (41) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the movable base (1). The limiting rod (42) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (41). The limiting bracket (43) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable base (1). The guide rod (44) is slidably connected to the middle of the limiting bracket (43). The compression spring (45) is fitted on the guide rod (44). A rotating rod (46) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (41). A limit protrusion (49) is provided on the rotating rod (46). A transmission rod (47) is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating rod (46). The end of the transmission rod (47) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the guide rod (44). A probe (48) is installed at the lower end of the guide rod (44). The probe (48) is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit (2). A drive motor (9) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable base (1). The end of the rotating shaft (41) passes through the side wall of the movable base (1) and is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor (9). The mobile base (1) is fixedly connected to a support frame (5) at the top, and a parking rack (6) is slidably connected to the support frame (5). A protective mechanism (7) is provided below the parking rack (6), and a sampling mechanism (8) is provided on the outer wall of the mobile base (1). The drive motor output drives the rotating shaft to rotate, causing the limit rod on the shaft to rotate synchronously. During rotation, the limit rod contacts the limit protrusion on the rotating rod and pushes the rotating rod to rotate. This causes the rotating rod to pull the guide rod upward through the transmission rod, and the compression spring gradually compresses. When the limit rod separates from the limit protrusion, the compression spring pushes the guide rod downward through the generated elastic force, causing the probe at the lower end of the guide rod to detect the temperature and humidity of the soil surface layer. By cyclically driving the guide rod to rise and fall, the probe automatically detects the soil. At the same time, the drive wheel drives the moving base to move, allowing for multiple samplings of the soil at multiple points with full coverage.

2. The soil temperature and humidity monitoring device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective mechanism (7) includes an annular protective plate (71), a worm (72), a support rod (73), a worm wheel (74), an auxiliary lever (75), a groove (76), and a columnar protrusion (77). The top of the movable base (1) is fixedly connected to the annular protective plate (71). The bottom of the support frame (5) is rotatably connected to the worm (72). The bottom of the support frame (5) is rotatably connected to two support rods (73). Each support rod (73) is fixedly connected to a worm wheel (74). Both worm wheels (74) mesh with the worm (72). The end of the support rod (73) is fixedly connected to an auxiliary lever (75). The end of the auxiliary lever (75) is provided with a groove (76). The bottom of the parking rack (6) is provided with a columnar protrusion (77). The columnar protrusion (77) is located in the groove (76).

3. The soil temperature and humidity monitoring device based on a drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling mechanism (8) includes a slide rail (81), a slider (82), a sleeve (83), a pressing tube (84), a corrugated conveying tube (85), a sampling plate (86), a straight rod (87), a spiral blade (88), and a handle (89). The slide rail (81) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable base (1). The slider (82) is slidably connected to the slide rail (81). The sleeve (83) is fixedly connected to the slider (82). The pressing tube (84) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sleeve (83). The corrugated conveying tube (85) is connected to the upper end of the sleeve (83). The sampling plate (86) is slidably connected inside the sleeve (83). The straight rod (87) is fixedly connected to the middle of the sampling plate (86). The spiral blade (88) is provided at the bottom of the sampling plate (86). The handle (89) is provided at the upper end of the straight rod (87).

4. The soil temperature and humidity monitoring device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compression spring (45) is made of alloy steel with a high elastic coefficient, and both ends of the compression spring (45) are fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide rod (44) and the top of the limiting bracket (43), respectively.

5. A soil temperature and humidity monitoring device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the movable base (1) has a through hole, and the guide rod (44) is slidably connected in the through hole.

6. A soil temperature and humidity monitoring device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) according to claim 2, characterized in that, A motor (10) is fixedly connected to the top of the movable base (1), and the output end of the motor (10) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the worm gear (72).

7. A soil temperature and humidity monitoring device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sampling plate (86) is inclined, and the lower end of the spiral blade (88) is conical.

8. A soil temperature and humidity monitoring device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the mobile base (1) is equipped with drive wheels (11).

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