A compound feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a compound feed for reducing the fat rate of broiler chickens and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of feeds. The compound feed comprises the following raw materials: corn, soybean cake and meal, bamboo cyanine, L-carnitine, iron lysine, compound vitamins, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and sodium selenite. The preparation method is as follows: Bacillus subtilis is inoculated into a fermentation medium containing sodium selenite, and subjected to shaking culture. After ultrasonic disruption, a fermentation broth containing Bacillus subtilis and nano-selenium is obtained. Bacillus licheniformis is added to the fermentation broth, and then soybean cake and meal are added for fermentation to obtain a fermented soybean cake and meal solution; corn, bamboo cyanine, L-carnitine, iron lysine and compound vitamins are added to the fermented soybean cake and meal solution and mixed evenly, and then dried and crushed to obtain the compound feed. The compound feed prepared by the present invention can not only reduce the fat rate, but also ensure the growth performance of broiler chickens, bringing greater economic benefits to farmers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of feeds, and particularly relates to a compound feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of the catering industry, broilers have become one of the main foods on people's tables. Moreover, through investigation, it is found that the content ratio of chicken protein is relatively high, there are many types, and the digestibility is high, which is easily absorbed and utilized by the human body, and has the effect of enhancing physical strength and strengthening the body. And chicken contains phospholipids that play an important role in human growth and development, and is one of the important sources of fat and phospholipids in the dietary structure. Therefore, in order to accelerate the growth rate of broilers and bring more economic benefits, the use of oils and fats in feeds is becoming more and more common. However, this feeding method has caused the problem of excessive fat in broilers. Excessive deposition of abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat in chickens affects the carcass quality of chickens and is not popular with consumers; moreover, depositing a unit of fat consumes 3 times more energy than depositing a unit of lean meat, and excessive body fat deposition will reduce the feed utilization rate; and it also seriously affects the processing performance of chicken. Therefore, how to research a compound feed that can reduce the fat rate of broilers and at the same time ensure that broilers have good growth performance is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a compound feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers and a preparation method thereof.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a compound feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers, comprising the following raw materials: corn, soybean cake and meal, bamboo cyanine, L-carnitine, ferrous lysine, compound vitamins, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and sodium selenite.

[0006] Beneficial effects: Bamboo cyanine is added in the process of preparing the compound feed for broilers in the present invention. This substance is an excellent biological antioxidant, lipid metabolism regulator and immune function enhancer. It contains rich secondary metabolites of bamboo, mainly including flavonoid compounds, phenolic acid compounds, bioactive polysaccharides, amino acid peptides, terpene lactones, anthraquinones and mineral elements, etc. Its combination with L-carnitine greatly reduces the fat rate in broilers, and can also improve the immune function of broilers, and further improve the growth performance of broilers, bringing greater economic benefits.

[0007] In the present invention, ferrous lysine is added, which can not only increase the essential iron element during the growth of broilers, but also increase the absorption rate of nutrients in the feed by broilers because lysine and iron are chelated and added together. Moreover, lysine can also improve the quality of chicken meat and increase the lean meat rate.

[0008] Further, the extraction method of the bamboo cyanin is as follows:

[0009] (1) Crush the bamboo and pass it through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain bamboo green powder;

[0010] (2) Place the bamboo green powder in an ethanol solution for ultrasonic treatment to obtain a crude bamboo green extract;

[0011] (3) Use the reflux method to perform a first extraction on the crude bamboo green extract, concentrate the obtained extract to a paste, then add water, adjust the pH to 3 - 5 with dilute hydrochloric acid, stir until the paste forms floccules, filter out the liquid, perform a second extraction on the floccules with a solvent, and concentrate and dry the obtained extract again to obtain the bamboo cyanin.

[0012] Beneficial effects: In the present invention, the ultrasonic extraction method is first used to roughly extract the bamboo cyanin from bamboo, and then the reflux method is used for fine extraction, which can further improve the extraction rate of bamboo cyanin and also improve the quality of bamboo cyanin.

[0013] Even further, in step (2), the material-liquid ratio of the bamboo green powder to the ethanol solution is 1 g∶(35 - 50) mL; the volume concentration of the ethanol solution is 90%; the frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 40 - 50 kHz, the power is 1200 - 1600 W, the temperature is 60 - 65 °C, and the time is 45 - 60 min.

[0014] Even further, in step (3), the solvent is n-hexane, and its weight ratio to the floccules is 1∶1; the time of the first extraction is 2 - 5 h; the weight ratio of the paste to water is 1∶(3 - 5); the volume concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid is 10%; the time of the second extraction is 2 - 5 h; the re-concentration is to a water content of 15 - 18%; the drying temperature is 70 - 85 °C, and the time is 50 - 80 min.

[0015] Even further, before the first extraction in step (3), it is necessary to adjust the pH of the crude bamboo green extract to 8 - 9 with a 20% sodium hydroxide solution by volume.

[0016] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the compound feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers as described above, including the following steps:

[0017] (1) Inoculate the Bacillus subtilis into a fermentation medium containing sodium selenite, perform shaking culture, and then obtain a fermentation broth containing Bacillus subtilis and nano-selenium after ultrasonic disruption;

[0018] (2) Add the Bacillus licheniformis to the fermentation broth containing Bacillus subtilis and nano-selenium, and then add the soybean cake meal for fermentation to obtain a soybean cake meal fermentation broth;

[0019] (3) Add the corn, bamboo cyanin, L-carnitine, ferrous lysine, and compound vitamins to the soybean cake meal fermentation broth and mix evenly, and then dry and crush to obtain the compound feed.

[0020] Beneficial effects: In the present invention, sodium selenite is first reduced by Bacillus subtilis to obtain nano-selenium. Nano-selenium can improve the antioxidant capacity and immune function of broilers, maintain the health of the body, and promote the growth and development of broilers. And the present invention also ferments the soybean cake meal with a fermentation broth containing Bacillus subtilis and nano-selenium and Bacillus licheniformis, so that the obtained fermentation broth contains both the nutrients in the soybean cake meal and substances such as nano-selenium. The nutrients in the soybean cake meal and nano-selenium are fully mixed in the fermentation broth, making the compound feed obtained more nutritious.

[0021] Further, the Bacillus subtilis in step (1) is purchased from the General Microbiology Center of the China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms, with the preservation number: CGMCC No. 23536.

[0022] Further, the Bacillus subtilis in step (1) is activated before inoculation. Specifically: Place the Bacillus subtilis on an LB plate medium and culture it at 37 °C for 12 h, then pick a single colony and inoculate it into a seed medium, and continue to culture it at 37 °C and 200 rpm for 12 h to obtain a seed liquid, completing the activation process;

[0023] Among them, the LB plate medium includes 10% NaCl, 10% tryptone, 5% yeast extract, and 1.5% agar, and the rest is deionized water; the seed medium includes 10% glucose, 10% tryptone, 5% yeast extract, and 5% NaCl, and the rest is deionized water.

[0024] Further, the fermentation medium in step (1) includes 30% sucrose, 10% tryptone, 15% yeast extract, 1% KH 2 PO 4 、5% NaCl and 1.5% MgSO 4 , and the rest is deionized water;

[0025] The inoculation amount of the Bacillus subtilis is 2%; the concentration of sodium selenite is 2 mM; the oscillation rate of the shaking culture is 250 - 300 rpm, the culture temperature is 37 °C, and the time is 24 - 36 h; the ultrasonic disruption is carried out on ice, the power is 200 - 500 W, and the time is 10 - 15 min. Specifically, the fermented broth after shaking culture is placed in a test tube and ultrasonically disrupted under ice bath conditions to prevent the inactivation of fungal substances caused by the heat generated during the ultrasonic disruption process.

[0026] Furthermore, in step (2), the addition ratio of the Bacillus licheniformis, the fermented broth containing Bacillus subtilis and nano-selenium, and the soybean cake meal is 1∶(5 - 8)∶(15 - 20);

[0027] The temperature of the fermentation is 20 - 35 °C, and the time is 7 - 10 days.

[0028] Furthermore, in step (3), the weight ratio of the corn, the phyllocyanin, the L-carnitine, the ferrous lysine, the compound vitamin, and the fermented broth of the soybean cake meal is (6 - 8)∶(4 - 5)∶(2 - 3.6)∶(2 - 3)∶(1.6 - 2)∶(8 - 10); the drying temperature is 50 - 60 °C, and the time is 2 - 3 h; it is crushed to pass through a 20 - 30 mesh sieve.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] In the process of preparing the compound feed of the present invention, corn, soybean cake meal, and compound vitamin are added to ensure the basic nutrition during the growth of broiler chickens. Then, phyllocyanin and L-carnitine are added, and the two cooperate with each other to further promote the fat conversion in the broiler chickens, accelerate the fat metabolism, and thus play a role in reducing the fat rate of the broiler chickens. Moreover, nano-selenium is introduced in the present invention, so that the compound feed prepared can not only reduce the fat rate of the broiler chickens, but also ensure the growth performance of the broiler chickens, bringing greater economic benefits to the farmers. Specific Embodiments

[0031] The various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics, and implementation schemes of the present invention. It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0032] In addition, for the numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Intermediate values within any stated value or stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate values within the stated range, are also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Although the present invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0034] Without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention, various improvements and changes can be made to the specific embodiments of the specification of the present invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments obtained from the specification of the present invention are obvious to those skilled in the art. The specification and examples of the present invention are merely exemplary.

[0035] Regarding the terms "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", etc. used herein, they are all open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0036] The water in the examples of the present invention is all deionized water.

[0037] The Bacillus subtilis in the examples of the present invention was purchased from the General Microbiological Center of the China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms, with the preservation number: CGMCC No. 23536;

[0038] The ferrous lysine in the examples of the present invention was purchased from Jiangsu Jiujia Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the rest of the raw materials were all obtained through commercial purchase.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] A method for preparing a compound feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers, comprising the following steps:

[0041] (1) Crush the bamboo and sieve it through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain bamboo green powder; then place it in an ethanol solution with a volume concentration of 90%, and perform ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 40 kHz, a power of 1600 W, and a temperature of 60 °C for 50 min to obtain a crude bamboo green extract. Among them, the material-liquid ratio of bamboo green powder to ethanol solution is 1 g∶35 mL; then use a sodium hydroxide solution with a volume concentration of 20% to adjust the pH of the crude bamboo green extract to 8, and then use the reflux method to perform a first extraction on the crude bamboo green extract for 2 h. Concentrate the obtained extract to a paste, then add deionized water (where the weight ratio of the paste to deionized water is 1∶3), and use dilute hydrochloric acid with a volume concentration of 10% to adjust the pH to 5, stir until the paste forms floccules, filter out the liquid, and use n-hexane (the weight ratio of n-hexane to the floccules is 1∶1) to perform a second extraction on the remaining floccules for 2 h. Concentrate the obtained extract again until the water content is 15%, and dry it at 70 °C for 80 min to obtain the bamboo green pigment;

[0042] (2) Place Bacillus subtilis on an LB plate medium (10% NaCl, 10% tryptone, 5% yeast extract, and 1.5% agar, the rest is deionized water), culture it at 37 °C for 12 h, and then pick a single colony and inoculate it into a seed medium (10% glucose, 10% tryptone, 5% yeast extract, and 5% NaCl, the rest is deionized water), and continue to culture it at 37 °C and 200 rpm for 12 h to obtain a seed solution. Then inoculate the seed solution of Bacillus subtilis into a fermentation medium containing 2 mM sodium selenite (30% sucrose, 10% tryptone, 15% yeast extract, 1% K 2 HPO 4 、5% NaCl and 1.5% MgSO 4 , the rest is deionized water) at an inoculation amount of 2%, and shake and culture it at an oscillation rate of 250 rpm and a temperature of 37 °C for 24 h. Then perform ultrasonic disruption on ice, with an ultrasonic power of 200 W and a time of 15 min, to obtain a fermentation broth containing Bacillus subtilis and nano-selenium;

[0043] (3) Add Bacillus licheniformis to the fermentation broth containing Bacillus subtilis and nano-selenium obtained in step (2), and then add soybean cake meal and ferment it at a temperature of 20 °C for 10 days to obtain a soybean cake meal fermentation broth. The addition ratio of Bacillus licheniformis, the fermentation broth containing Bacillus subtilis and nano-selenium, and soybean cake meal is 1∶5∶15;

[0044] (4) Mix corn, bamboo green pigment, L-carnitine, iron lysine, compound vitamins, and the soybean cake meal fermentation broth obtained in step (3) evenly according to a weight ratio of 6∶4∶3.6∶2∶1.6∶8, and then dry it at 50 °C for 3 h and mechanically crush it to pass through a 20-30 mesh sieve to obtain the compound feed.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] A method for preparing a compound feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers, comprising the following steps:

[0047] (1) Crush bamboo and pass it through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain bamboo green powder; then place it in an ethanol solution with a volume concentration of 90%, and perform ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 45 kHz, a power of 1500 W, and a temperature of 60 °C for 45 min to obtain a crude bamboo green extract. Among them, the material-liquid ratio of bamboo green powder to ethanol solution is 1 g∶40 mL; then adjust the pH of the crude bamboo green extract to 8 with a sodium hydroxide solution with a volume concentration of 20%, and then perform primary extraction on the crude bamboo green extract by the reflux method for 3 h. Concentrate the obtained extract to a paste, then add deionized water (wherein the weight ratio of the paste to deionized water is 1∶4), and adjust the pH to 4 with a dilute hydrochloric acid solution with a volume concentration of 10%. Stir until the paste forms floccules, filter out the liquid, and perform secondary extraction on the remaining floccules with n-hexane (the weight ratio of n-hexane to floccules is 1∶1) for 4 h. Concentrate the obtained extract again to a water content of 16%, and dry it at 75 °C for 70 min to obtain the bamboo green pigment;

[0048] (2) Place Bacillus subtilis on an LB plate medium (10% NaCl, 10% tryptone, 5% yeast extract, and 1.5% agar, the rest is deionized water), culture it at 37 °C for 12 h, and then pick a single colony and inoculate it into a seed medium (10% glucose, 10% tryptone, 5% yeast extract, and 5% NaCl, the rest is deionized water), and continue to culture it at 37 °C and 200 rpm for 12 h to obtain a seed solution. Then inoculate the seed solution of Bacillus subtilis into a fermentation medium containing 2 mM sodium selenite (30% sucrose, 10% tryptone, 15% yeast extract, 1% K 2 HPO 4 、5% NaCl and 1.5% MgSO 4 , the rest is deionized water) at an inoculation amount of 2%, and shake and culture it at an oscillation rate of 280 rpm and a temperature of 37 °C for 30 h. Then perform ultrasonic fragmentation on ice, with an ultrasonic power of 400 W and a time of 13 min, to obtain a fermentation broth containing Bacillus subtilis and nano-selenium;

[0049] (3) Add Bacillus licheniformis to the fermentation broth containing Bacillus subtilis and nano-selenium obtained in step (2), and then add soybean cake meal and ferment it at a temperature of 23 °C for 8 days to obtain a soybean cake meal fermentation broth. The addition ratio of Bacillus licheniformis, the fermentation broth containing Bacillus subtilis and nano-selenium, and soybean cake meal is 1∶6∶18;

[0050] (4) Mix corn, bamboo cyanin, L-carnitine, ferrous lysine, compound vitamins and the soybean meal fermentation broth obtained in step (3) evenly according to the weight ratio of 7:5:3:2.3:1.8:10, then dry at 55 °C for 2.5 h, and mechanically crush to pass through a 20 - 30 mesh sieve to obtain the formulated feed.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] A preparation method of a formulated feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers, comprising the following steps:

[0053] (1) Crush bamboo and pass through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain bamboo green powder; then place it in an ethanol solution with a volume concentration of 90%, and perform ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 50 kHz, a power of 1200 W, and a temperature of 65 °C for 60 min to obtain a crude bamboo green extract, wherein the material-liquid ratio of bamboo green powder to ethanol solution is 1 g:50 mL; then adjust the pH of the crude bamboo green extract to 9 with a sodium hydroxide solution with a volume concentration of 20%, and then perform one-time extraction on the crude bamboo green extract by the reflux method for 5 h, concentrate the obtained extract to a paste, then add deionized water (wherein the weight ratio of the paste to deionized water is 1:5), and adjust the pH to 3 with a dilute hydrochloric acid solution with a volume concentration of 10%, stir until the paste forms flocculates, filter out the liquid, and perform secondary extraction on the remaining flocculates with n-hexane (the weight ratio of n-hexane to flocculates is 1:1) for 5 h, and concentrate the obtained extract again to a water content of 18%, and dry at 85 °C for 50 min to obtain the bamboo cyanin;

[0054] (2) Place Bacillus subtilis on an LB plate medium (10% NaCl, 10% tryptone, 5% yeast extract, and 1.5% agar, the rest is deionized water), culture at 37 °C for 12 h, then pick a single colony and inoculate it into a seed medium (10% glucose, 10% tryptone, 5% yeast extract, and 5% NaCl, the rest is deionized water), continue to culture at 37 °C and 200 rpm for 12 h to obtain a seed solution. Then inoculate the seed solution of Bacillus subtilis into a fermentation medium containing 2 mM sodium selenite (30% sucrose, 10% tryptone, 15% yeast extract, 1% K 2 HPO 4 、5% NaCl and 1.5% MgSO 4 , the rest is deionized water) at an oscillation rate of 300 rpm and a temperature of 37 °C for 36 h of oscillation culture, and then perform ultrasonic disruption on ice, with an ultrasonic power of 500 W and a time of 10 min to obtain a fermentation broth containing Bacillus subtilis and nano-selenium;

[0055] (3) Add Bacillus licheniformis to the fermentation broth containing Bacillus subtilis and nano-selenium obtained in step (2), then add soybean cake and ferment at 35°C for 7 days to obtain a soybean cake fermentation broth. The addition ratio of Bacillus licheniformis, the fermentation broth containing Bacillus subtilis and nano-selenium, and soybean cake is 1∶8∶20;

[0056] (4) Mix corn, bamboo chlorophyllin, L-carnitine, iron lysine, compound vitamins and the soybean cake fermentation broth obtained in step (3) evenly according to the weight ratio of 8∶5∶2∶3∶2∶9, then dry at 60°C for 2 h, and mechanically crush to pass through a 20-30 mesh sieve to obtain the formulated feed.

[0057] Comparative Example 1

[0058] A preparation method of a formulated feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers, which is only different from Example 2 in that ultrasonic extraction is not carried out when extracting bamboo chlorophyllin;

[0059] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 2.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] A preparation method of a formulated feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers, which is only different from Example 2 in that the concentration of the ethanol solution in step (1) is replaced with 80%;

[0062] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 2.

[0063] Comparative Example 3

[0064] A preparation method of a formulated feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers, which is only different from Example 2 in that the material-liquid ratio of bamboo green powder and ethanol solution in step (1) is replaced with 1 g∶35 mL;

[0065] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 2.

[0066] Comparative Example 4

[0067] A preparation method of a formulated feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers, which is only different from Example 2 in that:

[0068] (3) Another mixed bacteria of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis with a mass ratio of 1∶1 is taken, added to soybean cake and fermented at 23°C for 8 days to obtain a soybean cake fermentation broth;

[0069] (4) Mix corn, bamboo cyanine, L-carnitine, ferrous lysine, compound vitamins, the fermentation broth containing Bacillus subtilis and nano-selenium obtained in step (2), and the soybean cake fermentation broth obtained in step (3) evenly according to a weight ratio of 7:5:3:2.3:1.8:5:5. Then, dry it at 55°C for 2.5 h and mechanically crush it to pass through a 20-30 mesh sieve to obtain the formulated feed;

[0070] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 2.

[0071] Comparative Example 5

[0072] A method for preparing a formulated feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers, which is different from Example 2 only in that bamboo cyanine is not added in step (4), and corn, L-carnitine, ferrous lysine, compound vitamins, and the soybean cake fermentation broth obtained in step (3) are mixed evenly according to a weight ratio of 7:8:2.3:1.8:10;

[0073] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 2.

[0074] Comparative Example 6

[0075] A method for preparing a formulated feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers, which is different from Example 2 only in that L-carnitine is not added in step (4), and corn, bamboo cyanine, ferrous lysine, compound vitamins, and the soybean cake fermentation broth obtained in step (3) are mixed evenly according to a weight ratio of 7:8:2.3:1.8:10;

[0076] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 2.

[0077] Comparative Example 7

[0078] A method for preparing a formulated feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers, which is different from Example 2 only in that the weight ratio of corn, bamboo cyanine, L-carnitine, ferrous lysine, compound vitamins, and the soybean cake fermentation broth obtained in step (3) in step (4) is changed to 7:3:4:2.3:1.8:10 and mixed evenly;

[0079] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 2.

[0080] Effect verification:

[0081] 450 26-day-old healthy Shiqi bearded chickens (purchased from Hong Kong Modern Agriculture Co., Ltd.) were selected, with an initial body weight of (360.7 ± 5.3) g, and randomly divided into 10 groups, 3 replicates in each group, and 15 chickens in each replicate. The compound feeds prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 were fed to the above 10 groups of Shiqi bearded chickens, respectively, for 45 days, and free access to food and drinking water during the test. After the test, fasting for 12 hours, but drinking water was given, and 3 chickens were randomly selected for each replicate, and they were weighed one by one at 6:00 in the morning, and then the abdominal fat and liver were separated after slaughter, and weighed separately, and the average value was taken for each group.

[0082] Among them, abdominal fat rate: remove the abdominal fat and fat around the gizzard, weigh them, and calculate the formula as follows:

[0083] Abdominal fat rate (%) = (abdominal fat weight / body weight) × 100;

[0084] Subcutaneous fat thickness: The measurement site is at the corner of the skin incised at the front end of the coccyx and the midline of the back, and is measured with a vernier caliper;

[0085] Liver fat content: determined according to GB / T9695.7-2008.

[0086] The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

[0087] Table 1

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] As shown in Table 1, after feeding the compound feed prepared by the present invention to broilers, the body weight of the broilers was significantly increased, and the fat rate was also significantly reduced. It can be seen that the compound feed prepared by the present invention can not only reduce the fat rate but also improve the growth performance of broilers.

[0091] The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A compound feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers, characterized in that, it comprises the following raw materials: corn, soybean cake and meal, bamboo cyanin, L-carnitine, iron lysine, compound vitamins, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and sodium selenite; The extraction method of the bamboo cyanin is as follows: (1) Crush the bamboo and pass it through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain bamboo green powder; (2) Place the bamboo green powder in an ethanol solution for ultrasonic treatment to obtain a crude bamboo green extract; (3) Use the reflux method to perform a first extraction on the crude bamboo green extract, concentrate the obtained extract to a paste, then add water, and adjust the pH to 3-5 with dilute hydrochloric acid, stir until the paste forms floccules, filter out the liquid, perform a second extraction on the floccules with a solvent, and concentrate and dry the obtained extract again to obtain the bamboo cyanin; The preparation method of the compound feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers comprises the following steps: 1) Inoculate the Bacillus subtilis in a fermentation medium containing sodium selenite, perform shaking culture, and then obtain a fermentation broth containing Bacillus subtilis and nano-selenium after ultrasonic disruption; 2) Add the Bacillus licheniformis to the fermentation broth containing Bacillus subtilis and nano-selenium, and then add the soybean cake and meal for fermentation to obtain a fermented soybean cake and meal broth; 3) Add the corn, bamboo cyanin, L-carnitine, iron lysine and compound vitamins to the fermented soybean cake and meal broth and mix evenly, and then dry and crush to obtain the compound feed; In the preparation method of the compound feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers, in step 3), the weight ratio of the corn, bamboo cyanin, L-carnitine, iron lysine, compound vitamins and the fermented soybean cake and meal broth is 7∶5∶3∶2.3∶1.8∶10; the drying temperature is 50-60°C and the time is 2-3 h; the crushing is to pass through a 20-30 mesh sieve; In step (2), the material-liquid ratio of the bamboo green powder and the ethanol solution is 1 g∶(40-50) mL; the volume concentration of the ethanol solution is 90%.

2. A compound feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (2), the frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 40-50 kHz, the power is 1200-1600 W, the temperature is 60-65°C, and the time is 45-60 min.

3. A compound feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (3), the solvent is n-hexane, and its weight ratio to the floccules is 1∶1; the time of the first extraction is 2-5 h; the weight ratio of the paste to water is 1∶(3-5); the volume concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid is 10%; the time of the second extraction is 2-5 h; the re-concentration is to a water content of 15-18%; the drying temperature is 70-85°C and the time is 50-80 min.

4. A compound feed for reducing the fat rate of broilers according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (3), before the first extraction, it is necessary to add a sodium hydroxide solution with a volume concentration of 20% to adjust the pH of the crude bamboo green extract to 8-9.

5. The compound feed for reducing the fat rate of broiler chickens according to claim 1, characterized in that, before inoculation, the Bacillus subtilis described in step 1) is activated as follows: The Bacillus subtilis is placed on an LB plate medium and cultured at 37 °C for 12 h, then a single colony is picked and inoculated into a seed medium, and the culture is continued at 37 °C and 200 rpm for 12 h to obtain a seed liquid, completing the activation process; wherein, the LB plate medium comprises 10% NaCl, 10% tryptone, 5% yeast extract and 1.5% agar, and the rest is deionized water; the seed medium comprises 10% glucose, 10% tryptone, 5% yeast extract and 5% NaCl, and the rest is deionized water.

6. The compound feed for reducing the fat rate of broiler chickens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fermentation medium described in step 1) comprises 30% sucrose, 10% tryptone, 15% yeast extract, 1% KHPO 2 4 4 , 5% NaCl and 1.5% MgSO 4 , and the rest is deionized water; the inoculation amount of the Bacillus subtilis is 2%; the concentration of sodium selenite is 2 mM; the oscillation rate of the shaking culture is 250 - 300 rpm, the culture temperature is 37 °C, and the time is 24 - 36 h; the ultrasonic disruption is carried out on ice, with a power of 200 - 500 W and a time of 10 - 15 min.

7. The compound feed for reducing the fat rate of broiler chickens according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step 2), the addition ratio of the Bacillus licheniformis, the fermentation broth containing Bacillus subtilis and nano-selenium, and the soybean cake meal is 1∶(5 - 8)∶(15 - 20); the fermentation temperature is 20 - 35 °C, and the time is 7 - 10 days.

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