A drilling tool for controlling torque transmission

Abstract

The present application relates to the tool for reducing friction and torque and orientation in oil and gas drilling, in particular to a kind of drilling tool for controlling torque transmission.The present application aims at the problems existing in prior art, provide a kind of drilling tool for controlling torque transmission, including upper joint, upper outer shell, flange nut, upper sealing bearing, transmission mandrel, large sealing ring, small sealing ring, torque transmission cylinder, coarse spring, connecting cylinder, fine spring, disengaging ring, lower outer shell, lower joint;The tool is placed in a certain position in the well, and the tool can control the partial rotation and overall rotation of the drill string, when the speed is needed to be increased and the inclination is stabilized, the tool is opened to realize composite drilling, and the drill string and drilling tool as a whole are rotated in the well;When the inclination is needed to be increased and oriented, the tool is closed to realize the rotation of the upper drill string of the tool, and the lower drill string of the tool does not rotate to carry out directional drilling, and when oriented, the tool can generate torque to overcome the counter-torque generated by the downhole power drilling tool, and stabilize the angle of tool face.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a tool for reducing friction and torque and orienting in drilling oil and gas, in particular to a drilling tool for controlling torque transmission. BACKGROUND

[0002] China is rich in oil and gas resources. In recent years, China's oil reserves have remained stable, and natural gas reserves have shown a steady growth trend. However, they are mainly located in unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, which are difficult to develop. Horizontal wells greatly increase the contact surface area of the well and the oil layer due to their long length through the oil layer, thereby improving the exploration and development efficiency of unconventional oil and gas. However, in the inclined section of the horizontal well and the large displacement well, due to the weight of the drilling tool, the drilling tool "lies" on the well wall, increasing the side pressure of the well wall, which increases the friction and torque generated by the rotation of the drilling string during tripping. The self-gravity of the drilling string cannot overcome the friction force on the drilling string, resulting in ineffective transmission of the drilling pressure to the drill bit. Excessive friction will cause the horizontal well to stop drilling, affecting the extension of the horizontal section of the horizontal well, and reducing the utilization efficiency of unconventional oil and gas resources.

[0003] Secondly, when using a downhole power drilling tool, a counter-torque will be generated during drilling, which will be transmitted to the upper drilling tool assembly through the outer shell of the downhole power drilling tool, causing the tool face of the directional drilling tool to lose stability, thereby affecting the trajectory of the wellbore. The drilling efficiency is affected by repeated adjustments by the surface driller. Excessive counter-torque will also cause the drilling string to slip and decouple, so the control of counter-torque is also a problem to be solved in the field of drilling. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provides a drilling tool for controlling torque transmission.

[0005] The technical solution provided by the present application to solve the above technical problems is a drilling tool for controlling torque transmission, which comprises an upper joint, an upper shell body, a flange nut, an upper sealing bearing, a transmission mandrel, a large sealing ring, a small sealing ring, a torque transmission cylinder, a coarse spring, a connecting cylinder, a fine spring, a disengagement ring, a lower shell body and a lower joint.

[0006] The inner wall and the outer wall of the torque transmission cylinder are respectively provided with a rectangular inner spline and a rectangular outer spline, the left end of the torque transmission cylinder is circumferentially provided with six elastic triangular teeth, and the right end face of the torque transmission cylinder is provided with elastic hooks staggered with the rectangular outer spline; the inner wall of the upper shell body is provided with a spline groove matched with the rectangular outer spline; the left end of the transmission mandrel is provided with a liquid leakage hole in the radial direction, and the right end outer wall of the transmission mandrel is provided with a key groove matched with the rectangular inner spline; the right end inner wall of the connecting cylinder is provided with an elastic hook avoiding groove, and the left end face of the connecting cylinder is axially provided with a fine spring mounting groove; the inner wall of the disengagement ring is provided with a tapered inclined surface; the left end inner wall of the lower shell body is provided with an inner step, and the right end of the lower shell body is internally provided with a lower sealing bearing.

[0007] The thin spring is axially installed in the thin spring mounting slot; the thick spring is fitted onto the left end of the transmission spindle.

[0008] The release ring is installed on the inner step of the lower outer shell. The left and right ends of the connecting cylinder are threaded to the right inner cavity of the upper outer shell and the left inner cavity of the lower outer shell, respectively. The right end of the thin spring abuts against the left end face of the release ring.

[0009] The upper sealed bearing is installed inside the left end of the upper outer shell, the torque transmission cylinder is fitted on the transmission mandrel, and the upper outer shell is fitted on the torque transmission cylinder; both ends of the transmission mandrel pass through the inner rings of the upper sealed bearing and the lower sealed bearing, respectively; the flange nut is installed on the left end of the transmission mandrel; both ends of the coarse spring abut against the right end face of the torque transmission cylinder and the left end face of the lower sealed bearing, respectively.

[0010] The upper connector is threaded to the left end of the upper outer casing, and the lower connector is threaded to the right end of the transmission spindle.

[0011] A further technical solution is that a large sealing ring and a small sealing ring are respectively provided between the torque transmission cylinder and the upper outer shell and the transmission spindle.

[0012] A further technical solution is that the number of thin springs is six, and they are evenly arranged along the circumference on the right end face of the connecting cylinder.

[0013] A further technical solution is that the inner wall of the upper outer shell is provided with uniform triangular teeth along the circumference.

[0014] A further technical solution is that the rectangular outer splines are arranged in five groups at equal intervals along a straight line, with six splines arranged in each group along the circumference. Their length is less than the length of the spline groove on the inner wall of the upper outer shell, and they can be separated or closed from the outer shell as needed. The length of the rectangular inner splines is equal to the length of the torque transmission cylinder, and six splines are arranged along the circumference. Six elastic hooks are arranged along the circumference at the end of the torque transmission cylinder, and the positions of the elastic hooks are staggered with the splines on the circumference.

[0015] A further technical solution is that the upper section of the elastic hook is also a tapered inclined surface, and the inclined surface is threaded. The elastic hook and the tapered inclined surface of the release ring fit together to form a wedge structure for detaching from the connecting cylinder. The lower end of the elastic hook is an inclined surface, through which the elastic hook deforms and slides into the release ring.

[0016] A further technical solution is that the coarse spring and the fine spring are both cylindrical helical compression springs with their ends tightly ground flat. The elastic force of the coarse spring is greater than or equal to the drilling fluid pressure during normal operation. The elastic force of the six fine springs is greater than the frictional force between the detached ring and the inner wall of the lower outer casing, so as to reset the detached ring. After being compressed, the fine springs can sink into the fine spring mounting groove of the connecting cylinder.

[0017] A further technical solution is that both ends of the spline groove of the upper outer shell are provided with a 45° chamfer for guiding the key when the tool is closed.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention places the tool at a certain position downhole. The tool can control the partial and overall rotation of the drill string. When it is necessary to increase speed and stabilize the inclination, the tool is opened to achieve compound drilling, and the downhole drill string and drill tool as a whole rotate. When it is necessary to increase the inclination and direction, the tool is closed to achieve the rotation of the upper part of the drill string and the lower part of the drill string does not rotate to perform directional drilling. Moreover, during direction drilling, the tool can generate torque to overcome the counter-torque generated by the downhole power drill tool and stabilize the angle of the tool face. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling tool structure for controlling torque transmission according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of AA;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the torque transmission cylinder;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the upper outer shell;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure detached from the ring.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a 3D schematic diagram of the connecting cylinder;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission spindle structure;

[0026] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 The BB cross-sectional view is a schematic diagram for overcoming the counter-torque;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating the process of turning a tool on and off.

[0028] As shown in the figure: 1-Upper connector, 2-Upper outer shell, 3-Flange nut, 4-Upper sealed bearing, 5-Drive spindle, 6-Large sealing ring, 7-Small sealing ring, 8-Torque transmission cylinder, 9-Coarse spring, 10-Connecting cylinder, 11-Fine spring, 12-Disengagement ring, 13-Lower outer shell, 14-Lower sealed bearing, 15-Lower connector. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can also refer to a mechanical connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a drilling tool for controlling torque transmission according to the present invention includes an upper connector 1, an upper outer shell 2, a flange nut 3, an upper sealing bearing 4, a transmission spindle 5, a large sealing ring 6, a small sealing ring 7, a torque transmission cylinder 8, a coarse spring 9, a connecting cylinder 10, a fine spring 11, a release ring 12, a lower outer shell 13, and a lower connector 15.

[0034] The torque transmission cylinder 8 has rectangular internal splines and rectangular external splines on its inner and outer walls, respectively. Six elastic triangular teeth are arranged circumferentially at its left end, and elastic hooks are arranged interlaced with the rectangular external splines on its right end face. The inner wall of the upper outer shell 2 has a spline groove that mates with the rectangular external splines, allowing for relative axial movement and synchronous circumferential rotation. The transmission spindle 5 has a radially arranged leakage hole at its left end and a keyway on its right outer wall that mates with the rectangular internal splines. The inner wall of the connecting cylinder 10 has an elastic hook clearance groove at its right end and a thin spring mounting groove axially on its left end face. The inner wall of the release ring 12 has a tapered inclined surface. The inner wall of the lower outer shell 13 has an inner step at its left end and a lower sealed bearing 14 at its right end.

[0035] The thin spring 11 is axially installed in the thin spring mounting groove; the thick spring 9 is fitted onto the left end of the transmission spindle 5.

[0036] The release ring 12 is installed on the inner step of the lower outer shell 13. The left and right ends of the connecting cylinder 10 are threadedly connected to the right inner cavity of the upper outer shell 2 and the left inner cavity of the lower outer shell 13, respectively. The right end of the thin spring 11 abuts against the left end face of the release ring 12.

[0037] The upper sealed bearing 4 is installed inside the left end of the upper outer shell 2, the torque transmission cylinder 8 is fitted on the transmission spindle 5, and the upper outer shell 2 is fitted on the torque transmission cylinder 8; both ends of the transmission spindle 5 pass through the inner rings of the upper sealed bearing 4 and the lower sealed bearing 14, respectively; the flange nut 3 is installed on the left end of the transmission spindle 5; both ends of the coarse spring 9 abut against the right end face of the torque transmission cylinder 8 and the left end face of the lower sealed bearing 14, respectively.

[0038] The upper connector 1 is threaded to the left end of the upper outer shell 2, and the lower connector 15 is threaded to the right end of the transmission spindle 5.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to improve the sealing performance in this embodiment, a preferred implementation is that a large sealing ring 6 and a small sealing ring 7 are respectively provided between the torque transmission cylinder 8 and the upper outer shell 2 and the transmission spindle 5.

[0040] In this embodiment, there are six thin springs 11, which are evenly arranged along the circumference on the right end face of the connecting cylinder 10. The left end of the torque transmission cylinder 8 has six elastic triangular teeth arranged along the circumference. The inner wall of the upper outer shell 2 has uniformly arranged triangular teeth along the circumference. The torque transmission cylinder and the upper outer shell have a toothed structure, and their axial length meets the stroke of the axial movement of the torque transmission cylinder 8. When the tool is in the separated state, the triangular teeth mesh with the torque transmission cylinder 8 to generate torque. The meshing of the two can overcome the reverse torque of the downhole power drill bit without affecting the lower drill bit assembly. The rectangular outer splines are arranged in five groups at equal intervals along a straight line, and six are arranged in each group along the circumference. Their length is less than the length of the spline groove on the inner wall of the upper outer shell 2. They can be separated or closed from the outer shell 2 as needed. The length of the rectangular inner spline is equal to the length of the torque transmission cylinder 8, and six are arranged along the circumference. The end of the torque transmission cylinder 8 has six elastic hooks arranged along the circumference. The positions of the elastic hooks and the splines are staggered on the circumference.

[0041] In this embodiment, the upper section of the elastic hook is also a tapered inclined surface, and the inclined surface is threaded. The elastic hook and the tapered inclined surface of the release ring 12 fit together to form a wedge structure for detaching from the connecting cylinder 10. The lower end of the elastic hook is an inclined surface, through which the elastic hook deforms and slides into the release ring 12.

[0042] In this embodiment, the coarse spring 9 and the fine spring 11 are both cylindrical helical compression springs with their ends tightly ground flat. The elastic force of the coarse spring 9 is greater than or equal to the drilling fluid pressure during normal operation. The elastic force of the six fine springs 11 is greater than the frictional force between the detached ring 12 and the inner wall of the lower outer casing 13, so as to reset the detached ring 12. After being compressed, the fine springs 11 can sink into the fine spring mounting groove of the connecting cylinder 10.

[0043] In this embodiment, both ends of the spline groove are provided with a 45° chamfer for guiding the key when the tool is closed.

[0044] In this embodiment, the transmission spindle 5, torque transmission cylinder 8, and upper outer shell 2 are assembled sequentially from the inside to the outside, as follows: Figure 8As shown, the torque transmission cylinder 8 has six elastic triangular teeth arranged circumferentially, which mesh with the teeth of the upper outer shell 2 along the circumference. When the drill string rotates, the relative sliding of the triangular teeth generates torque to overcome the counter-torque during drilling by the downhole power drilling tool. A coarse spring 9 is fitted onto the transmission mandrel 5. One end of the coarse spring 9 abuts against the torque transmission cylinder 8, and the other end abuts against the inner ring of the lower sealing bearing 14. The height of the spring is just enough to lift the torque transmission cylinder 8 to the keyless position of the upper outer shell 2, so that the upper drill string drives the entire outer shell of the tool to rotate, while the lower drilling tool performs directional drilling without interference. The elastic force of the coarse spring 9 is F1, the pump pressure during normal drilling operation is P1, and the pressure on the torque transmission cylinder 8 is F2. The maximum critical values ​​of F1 and F2 are equal to avoid fluctuations in pump pressure affecting the position of the torque transmission cylinder 8. The transmission mandrel 5 passes through the inner rings of the upper sealing bearing 4 and the lower sealing bearing 14, and is fixed to the upper sealing bearing 4 using a special flange nut 3. After the upper connector 1 is threadedly connected to the upper drill string, the drilling pressure is axially transmitted from the lower sealed bearing 14 to the drive spindle 5, and the drive spindle 5 axially pushes the lower drill bit to drill.

[0045] Before the tool is opened, both the coarse spring 9 and the fine spring 11 are in a free state, such as... Figure 9 As shown in a.

[0046] When compound drilling is required, the tool needs to be closed, and the pump pressure on the ground increases to P2, where P2 is greater than P1. The resulting pressure F3 is greater than F1 and acts on the torque transmission cylinder 8, which moves along the lower drill string direction to the 45° chamfered keyway of the upper outer casing 2 for guidance, allowing the rectangular spline to engage smoothly. At this time, the coarse spring 9 is compressed, such as... Figure 9 As shown in b, until the elastic hook is attached to the right end face of the connecting cylinder 10, as shown in Figure b. Figure 9 As shown in Figure c, the pump pressure is reduced to restore it to the normal operating pressure. At this time, the elastic force of the coarse spring 9 is F4, which is greater than F1 and F2. The torque transmission cylinder 8 is subjected to the elastic force F4. Because the elastic hook is attached to the end face of the connecting cylinder 10, it cannot move axially towards the upper drill bit. At this time, the rectangular spline of the torque transmission cylinder 8 and the upper outer shell 2 are engaged, and the pump pressure fluctuation during normal operation does not affect the position of the torque transmission cylinder 8. The upper and lower drill bits rotate simultaneously to achieve composite drilling.

[0047] When directional drilling is required, the tool needs to be disassembled. At this time, the ground pump pressure needs to be increased again to P3, which is greater than P2, resulting in a pressure of F5. The coarse spring 9 is compressed again, and the torque transmission cylinder 8 moves downward axially. At this time, the elastic force of the coarse spring 9 is also F5. The lower inclined surface of the elastic hook contacts the upper annular surface of the disengagement ring 12. Figure 9 As shown in d, continue moving axially downwards, and the upper inclined surface of the elastic hook contacts the conical inclined surface of the disengagement ring 12, as... Figure 9As shown in Figure e, the elastic force of the elastic hook is F6, and the resulting wedge force is F7. F7 is greater than the elastic force of the six sets of thin springs 11. At this point, the torque transmission cylinder 8 reaches the end of the keyway of the upper outer shell 2 and the transmission spindle 5, and can no longer move axially downwards towards the drill bit. At this time, the pump pressure is reduced to P4, which is less than the normal operating pump pressure of P1. The coarse spring 9 begins to extend and reset. Simultaneously, the torque transmission cylinder 8 begins to move upwards towards the drill bit as the coarse spring 9 extends. During this upward axial movement, because the wedge force F7 is greater than the elastic force of the six sets of thin springs 10, it disengages from the ring 12 and moves upwards axially. Figure 9 As shown in f, when it moves from the ring 12 to the inner ring step of the connecting cylinder 10, as Figure 9 As shown in g, it cannot continue to move axially upward with the torque transmission cylinder 8. The elastic hook slides out along the conical inclined surface to the inner wall of the connecting cylinder 10 using the elastic force of the coarse spring 9. Figure 9 As shown in h and 9i, the coarse spring 9 has fully returned to its original position, at which point the tool is separated. ​ As shown in j. Continue repeating the above drilling operations to achieve free switching between on and off.

[0048] The above description is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed through the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling tool for controlling torque transmission, characterized in that, Includes upper connector (1), upper outer shell (2), flange nut (3), upper sealed bearing (4), transmission spindle (5), large sealing ring (6), small sealing ring (7), torque transmission cylinder (8), coarse spring (9), connecting cylinder (10), fine spring (11), release ring (12), lower outer shell (13), and lower connector (15); The inner and outer walls of the torque transmission cylinder (8) are respectively provided with rectangular inner splines and rectangular outer splines. Six elastic triangular teeth are arranged along the circumference at the left end, and elastic hooks are arranged interlaced with the rectangular outer splines at the right end. The inner wall of the upper outer shell (2) is provided with a spline groove that mates with the rectangular outer splines. The left end of the transmission spindle (5) is provided with a leakage hole in the radial direction, and the right end of the outer wall is provided with a keyway that mates with the rectangular inner splines. The inner wall of the right end of the connecting cylinder (10) is provided with an elastic hook clearance groove, and the left end of the outer wall is provided with a fine spring mounting groove in the axial direction. The inner wall of the release ring (12) is provided with a conical inclined surface. The inner wall of the left end of the lower outer shell (13) is provided with an inner step, and the right end is provided with a lower sealed bearing (14). The thin spring (11) is axially installed in the thin spring mounting groove; the thick spring (9) is fitted onto the left end of the transmission spindle (5); The release ring (12) is installed on the inner step of the lower outer shell (13). The left and right ends of the connecting cylinder (10) are threadedly connected to the right inner cavity of the upper outer shell (2) and the left inner cavity of the lower outer shell (13), respectively. The right end of the thin spring (11) abuts against the left end face of the release ring (12). The upper sealed bearing (4) is installed inside the left end of the upper outer shell (2), the torque transmission cylinder (8) is fitted on the transmission spindle (5), and the upper outer shell (2) is fitted on the torque transmission cylinder (8); the two ends of the transmission spindle (5) pass through the inner rings of the upper sealed bearing (4) and the lower sealed bearing (14) respectively; the flange nut (3) is installed on the left end of the transmission spindle (5); the two ends of the coarse spring (9) abut against the right end face of the torque transmission cylinder (8) and the left end face of the lower sealed bearing (14) respectively; The upper connector (1) is threaded to the left end of the upper outer shell (2), and the lower connector (15) is threaded to the right end of the transmission spindle (5).

2. A drilling tool for controlling torque transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The torque transmission cylinder (8) is provided with a large sealing ring (6) and a small sealing ring (7) between itself and the upper outer shell (2) and the transmission spindle (5).

3. A drilling tool for controlling torque transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of thin springs (11) is six, and they are evenly arranged along the circumference on the right end face of the connecting cylinder (10).

4. A drilling tool for controlling torque transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the upper outer shell (2) is provided with uniform triangular teeth along the circumference.

5. A drilling tool for controlling torque transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectangular outer splines are arranged in five groups at equal intervals along a straight line, and six splines are arranged in each group along the circumference. Their length is less than the length of the spline groove on the inner wall of the upper outer shell (2), and they can be separated from or closed with the upper outer shell (2) as needed. The length of the rectangular inner splines is equal to the length of the torque transmission cylinder (8), and six splines are arranged along the circumference. The end of its torque transmission cylinder (8) is arranged with six elastic hooks along the circumference, and the positions of the elastic hooks and the spline are staggered on the circumference.

6. A drilling tool for controlling torque transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper section of the elastic hook is also a tapered inclined surface, which is threaded. The elastic hook and the tapered inclined surface of the release ring (12) fit together to form a wedge structure for detaching from the connecting cylinder (10). The lower end of the elastic hook is an inclined surface, through which the elastic hook deforms and slides into the release ring (12).

7. A drilling tool for controlling torque transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coarse spring (9) and the fine spring (11) are both cylindrical helical compression springs with their ends tightly ground flat. The elastic force of the coarse spring (9) is greater than or equal to the drilling fluid pressure during normal operation. The elastic force of the six fine springs (11) is greater than the frictional force between the detached ring (12) and the inner wall of the lower outer shell (13) to reset the detached ring (12). After being compressed, the fine springs (11) can sink into the fine spring mounting groove of the connecting cylinder (10).

8. A drilling tool for controlling torque transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spline groove of the upper outer shell (2) is provided with a 45° chamfer at both ends for guiding the key when the tool is closed.

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