An alkali residue filter cake dehydration and screening device

Abstract

The invention discloses a dehydration and screening device for alkali slag filter cake, comprising a supporting device, a conveying device, a pre-dehydration device and a filter press device, wherein the supporting device is connected to the conveying device, a hopper is provided on the upper side of the conveying device, a discharge end of the hopper faces the conveying device, the pre-dehydration device and the supporting device are tightly connected, the filter press device and the supporting device are connected, the supporting device comprises a bracket and a shell, a filter chamber is provided in the shell, the filter press device is placed in the filter chamber, the bracket and the conveying device are connected, the slag slurry is conveyed by the conveying device, the stroke length of the conveying device is ensured, the water in the slag slurry is leached, and a clear liquid is formed in the upper layer, the supernatant liquid is first filtered by the pre-dehydration device to avoid mixing with turbid liquid in the later process, thereby screening different liquids in the dehydration process, the slag slurry of the alkali slag is filter-pressed by the filter press device to form a filter cake, and the water content of the filter cake is made to be within a certain range, which is convenient for subsequent processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of alkali residue recycling, in particular to an alkali residue filter cake dehydration and screening device. Background Art

[0002] The major domestic alkali plants that produce soda ash through the ammonia-soda process will produce a large amount of alkali slag during the production process. These alkali slags are often not well utilized and require a lot of manpower and material resources to treat to prevent the alkali slag from damaging the environment.

[0003] Currently, in order to reduce production costs, companies are gradually starting to use alkali slag as raw material to develop by-products, such as silicate bricks, soil conditioners, and building materials. However, compared to general building materials, alkali slag is more difficult to use and has a high moisture content. Before use, it needs to be dehydrated. During the alkali slag recycling process, the slurry of the alkali slag generally needs to be regulated and concentrated. By adding reactive materials, the pollutants therein are solidified. Only after solidification is completed can the filter press treatment be carried out. However, to ensure smooth pipeline transportation of the alkali slag, the moisture content is generally high before the filter press. During the flocculation process, some clear liquid will float on the slurry. This clear liquid accounts for a large proportion and is easy to treat. However, the turbid liquid produced after the filter press requires multiple treatment processes for purification before it can be discharged. Currently, during the filter press of the alkali slag, it is impossible to distinguish between the two types of liquids. This not only greatly increases the processing volume, but also increases the processing difficulty and reduces the processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a dehydration and screening device for alkali residue filter cake to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A dehydration and screening device for alkali residue filter cakes comprises a supporting device, a conveying device, a pre-dehydration device and a filter press device, wherein the supporting device is connected to the conveying device, a hopper is provided on the upper side of the conveying device, and the discharge end of the hopper faces the conveying device, the pre-dehydration device is firmly connected to the supporting device, the filter press device is connected to the supporting device, the supporting device comprises a bracket and a shell, a filter chamber is provided in the shell, the filter press device is placed in the filter chamber, and the bracket is connected to the conveying device.

[0007] The supporting device serves as the main installation basis for the installation of other devices. The silo is filled with alkali slag slurry, which is transported by the conveying device to ensure the conveying stroke length of the conveying device, so that the water in the slurry is leached and a clear liquid is formed on the upper layer. The supernatant is first filtered by the pre-dehydration device to avoid mixing with the turbid liquid in the later process, thereby screening the different liquids in the dehydration process. The alkali slag slurry is filtered by the filter press device to form a filter cake, so that the water content of the filter cake reaches a certain range, which is convenient for subsequent processing. The bracket conveying device is used for installation guidance, and the built-in filter chamber in the shell provides a filter press space to prevent splashing.

[0008] Furthermore, the conveying device includes a conveyor belt, the conveyor belt and the bracket are slidably connected, the inner circle of the conveyor belt is provided with two driving wheels, baffles are provided on both sides of the conveyor belt, the conveyor belt and the baffles are slidably connected, the baffles and the bracket are tightly connected, the driving wheel and the bracket are rotatably connected, a driving motor is provided on one side of the driving wheel, the driving motor housing is tightly connected to the bracket, the driving motor output end is transmission-connected to the driving wheel, and the outer circle of the driving wheel is in transmission contact with the conveyor belt;

[0009] There are two groups of filter press devices, which are symmetrically arranged along the filter chamber. The filter press devices include a feed roller, a filter press roller, a filter cloth and a tensioning roller. The filter cloth is arranged along the feed roller, the filter press roller and the tensioning roller in sequence. The filter cloth between the feed roller and the filter press roller constitutes the filter press stroke. The filter cloth within the filter press stroke is arranged obliquely, and the distance between the two layers of filter cloth close to the filter press roller is the smallest. The feed roller, the filter press roller and the tensioning roller are respectively rotatably connected to the shell.

[0010] The slurry dropped from the silo is transported by the conveyor belt. When the slurry falls on the upper surface of the conveyor belt, it forms an undulating state. The conveying stroke is controlled by the conveyor belt length, so that the moisture in the slurry is leached from the slurry to form a supernatant. The conveyor belt is blocked by baffles on both sides, and the conveyor belt is driven to operate by the driving wheel arranged on the inner ring. The external driving motor outputs torque to drive the driving wheel to rotate. The slurry that has been filtered of the supernatant is filtered by two symmetrically arranged groups of filter press devices. The alkali residue between the two layers of filter cloth is filtered by gradually shrinking the filter press stroke interval to form a filter cake. The filter cloth is wrapped around the material roller and the material is discharged through the material roller. The two tensioning rollers that are meshed in the center filter the slurry through the filter cloth. The filter cloth is tensioned by the tensioning roller and the filtered filter cloth is wound up for subsequent cleaning and reuse.

[0011] Furthermore, the pre-dehydration device is fastened to the bracket, and the pre-dehydration device includes a mounting seat, a depth adjustment component, a suction nozzle and an air duct. The mounting seat is fastened to the bracket, and an adjusting chamber is provided on the mounting seat. The depth adjustment component and the adjusting chamber are movably connected. The adjusting chamber is an "n"-shaped structure, and the adjusting chamber includes a float, a volume chamber and a sedimentation tank. The depth adjustment component includes a floating platform, a sealing plate and a pressure plate. A push rod is provided on the upper side of the floating platform, and the upper end of the push rod is transmission-connected with the sealing plate, the sealing plate is slidingly connected to the floating channel, and the pressure plate is slidingly connected to the sedimentation tank. Both sides of the volume chamber are respectively connected to the floating channel and the sedimentation tank, and both ends of the volume chamber are sealed by the sealing plate and the pressure plate. The volume chamber is filled with compressed gas, and the lower end of the sealing plate is connected to the floating channel through a balance spring.

[0012] The air duct is firmly connected to the mounting base, and the air duct is arranged obliquely along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt. The air outlet end of the air duct faces the slurry on the upper side of the conveyor belt. The air duct and the floating platform are arranged in sequence along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt.

[0013] The pre-dehydration device is installed through the bracket, and one side of the mounting seat is fixed on the bracket. The mounting seat is located at the end of the conveying stroke of the conveyor belt. The supernatant liquid that has settled and formed is preliminarily dehydrated to prevent it from mixing with the turbid liquid of the filter press in the later filter press process, thereby increasing the turbid liquid processing capacity of the filter press. The depth adjustment component is automatically adjusted according to the depth of the supernatant to improve the drainage efficiency. When the conveyor belt carries the slurry with supernatant into the lower side of the air duct, the air duct emits high-pressure airflow and blows it to the side of the slurry groove away from the conveying direction of the conveyor belt. When there is no supernatant in the slurry groove, the high-pressure airflow flows along the slurry surface obliquely toward the conveying direction of the conveyor belt. When the slurry groove When there is supernatant liquid in the tank, the high-pressure airflow increases the local pressure on the supernatant liquid, so that the supernatant forms an upward liquid accumulation surface under the blowing of the airflow. The high-pressure airflow is reversed by the liquid accumulation surface, so that the high-pressure airflow is offset along the liquid accumulation surface toward the side close to the air duct and blown toward the floating platform. The floating platform is forced to move upward and the sealing plate is driven up by the push rod to compress the compressed air in the volume chamber. As the pressure in the volume chamber increases, the pressure plate is pushed downward. As the supernatant moves forward, the air outlet of the air duct is increased, so that more high-speed airflow is blown toward the floating platform, thereby causing the pressure plate to move further downward, so that it is easy to automatically adjust downward according to the depth of the supernatant to draw liquid.

[0014] Furthermore, a drainage rod is provided on the lower side of the pressure plate, and a suction nozzle is provided at the lower end of the drainage rod;

[0015] During pre-dehydration: the air duct blows the clear liquid on the upper side of the slurry, and the clear liquid extends upward to form a liquid accumulation surface. The floating platform is located above the liquid accumulation surface, and the suction nozzle is inserted into the clear liquid on the upper layer of the slurry.

[0016] When the pressure plate sinks, it drives the drainage rod downward, so that the suction nozzle is inserted into the supernatant to draw liquid. The deeper the supernatant, the higher the liquid accumulation surface formed by the high-speed airflow, which will direct more airflow to the floating platform above. The downward depth of the suction nozzle is automatically adjusted according to the depth of the liquid being drawn to ensure the efficiency of the liquid drawing.

[0017] Further, the pre-dehydration device also includes a drainage pipe, which is communicated with the suction nozzle pipeline through a drainage rod. The drainage pipe is communicated with a negative pressure source, such as a water pump, and the drainage pipe is communicated with the suction nozzle through a drainage rod to draw liquid.

[0018] Furthermore, a guide plate is provided on one side of the drainage rod, a drainage channel is provided on the drainage rod, the drainage channel is connected to the suction nozzle, an opening groove is provided on the guide plate, a bypass flow channel is provided on the mounting seat, the drainage pipe and the bypass flow channel pipeline are connected, the bypass flow channel is away from one end of the drainage pipe toward the sedimentation tank, and the drainage channel is intermittently connected to the bypass flow channel through the opening groove.

[0019] The supernatant is intercepted by the guide plate on one side of the drainage rod. As the suction nozzle enters the deep layer of the alkali slag supernatant, the drainage rod drives the guide plate downward, increasing the conduction area of the opening groove and the drainage channel, increasing the instantaneous flow rate, and improving the liquid pumping efficiency. In the initial state, the drainage channel is blocked by the side wall of the guide plate, and the guide plate and the center line of the drainage channel are arranged vertically.

[0020] As an optimization, the dewatering and screening device also includes a scraper. The scraper is located at the end of the conveyor belt's travel, facing the filter cloth. The scraper is securely connected to a bracket, and one side of the scraper is in sliding contact with the conveyor belt. The scraper at the end of the conveyor belt's travel scrapes off the upper side of the conveyor belt, which then enters the filter cloth arranged below. The double-layered filter cloth is then used for pressure filtration, and the dual dewatering structure is used to screen out water of varying concentrations.

[0021] As an optimization, an air storage tank is set on the lower side of the floating platform, which is set in an arc shape. The arc-shaped air storage tank facilitates gas interception and makes the floating platform rise more smoothly.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: when the slurry of the present invention falls onto the upper surface of the conveyor belt, it forms an undulating state, and the conveying stroke is controlled by the length of the conveyor belt, so that the moisture in the slurry is leached from the slurry to form a supernatant; when the conveyor belt carries the slurry with supernatant into the lower side of the air duct, the air duct emits a high-pressure airflow and blows it to the side of the slurry groove away from the conveying direction of the conveyor belt; when there is no supernatant in the slurry groove, the high-pressure airflow flows obliquely along the slurry surface toward the conveying direction of the conveyor belt; when there is supernatant in the slurry groove, the high-pressure airflow exerts an increased pressure on the supernatant locally, so that the supernatant forms an upward liquid accumulation surface under the blowing of the airflow, and the high-pressure airflow is reversed by the liquid accumulation surface, so that the high-pressure airflow deviates along the liquid accumulation surface toward the side close to the air duct and blows toward the floating platform, which is forced to move upward. The sealing plate is driven upward by the push rod to compress the compressed air in the volume chamber. As the pressure in the volume chamber increases, the pressure plate is pushed downward. As the supernatant moves forward, the air outlet of the air duct is increased, so that more high-speed airflow is blown to the floating platform, thereby causing the pressure plate to move further downward, so that it is convenient to automatically adjust downward according to the depth of the supernatant to draw liquid; when the pressure plate sinks, it drives the drainage rod downward to insert the suction nozzle into the supernatant to draw liquid. The deeper the supernatant depth, the higher the liquid accumulation surface formed by the high-speed airflow, which will direct more airflow to the floating platform above, thereby automatically adjusting the downward depth of the suction nozzle according to the depth of the liquid drawing to ensure the liquid drawing efficiency; as the suction nozzle enters the deep layer of the alkali slag supernatant, the drainage rod drives the guide plate downward to increase the conduction area of the opening groove and the drainage channel, increase the instantaneous flow rate, and improve the liquid drawing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the pre-dehydration device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of alkali residue filter press of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a part A of the view;

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 HH section view of the view;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic depth-adjusting water-drawing transmission of the present invention;

[0030] In the figure: 1-support device, 11-bracket, 12-shell, 121-filter chamber, 2-conveying device, 21-conveying belt, 22-baffle, 23-driving wheel, 3-pre-dehydration device, 31-mounting seat, 311-adjusting chamber, 3111-floating channel, 3112-volume chamber, 3113-sedimentation tank, 312-bypass flow channel, 32-depth adjustment component, 321-floating platform, 321 1-air storage tank, 322-top rod, 323-balance spring, 324-pressure plate, 325-drainage rod, 3251-drainage channel, 326-sealing plate, 33-suction nozzle, 34-guide plate, 341-opening groove, 35-drainage pipe, 36-air duct, 4-filter press device, 41-feed roller, 42-filter press roller, 43-filter cloth, 44-tensioning roller, 5-feed silo, 6-scraper plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0033] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a dehydration and screening device for alkali residue filter cake includes a supporting device 1, a conveying device 2, a pre-dehydration device 3 and a filter press device 4. The supporting device 1 is connected to the conveying device 2. A silo 5 is provided on the upper side of the conveying device 2. The discharge end of the silo 5 faces the conveying device 2. The pre-dehydration device 3 is firmly connected to the supporting device 1. The filter press device 4 is connected to the supporting device 1. The supporting device 1 includes a bracket 11 and a shell 12. A filter chamber 121 is provided in the shell 12. The filter press device 4 is placed in the filter chamber 121. The bracket 11 is connected to the conveying device 2.

[0034] The support device 1 serves as the main installation basis for installing other devices. The silo 5 is filled with alkali slag slurry, which is transported by the conveying device 2 to ensure the conveying stroke length of the conveying device 2, so that the water in the slurry is leached and a clear liquid is formed in the upper layer. The supernatant is first filtered by the pre-dehydration device 3 to avoid mixing with the turbid liquid in the later process, thereby screening the different liquids in the dehydration process. The alkali slag slurry is filtered by the filter press device 4 to form a filter cake, so that the water content of the filter cake reaches a certain range, which is convenient for subsequent processing. The conveying device 2 is installed and guided by the bracket 11, and the filter chamber 121 built into the shell 12 provides a filter press space to prevent splashing.

[0035] Furthermore, the conveying device 2 includes a conveyor belt 21, the conveyor belt 21 is slidably connected to the bracket 11, two driving wheels 23 are provided on the inner circle of the conveyor belt 21, baffles 22 are provided on both sides of the conveyor belt 21, the conveyor belt 21 and the baffles 22 are slidably connected, the baffles 22 are firmly connected to the bracket 11, the driving wheel 23 is rotatably connected to the bracket 11, a driving motor is provided on one side of the driving wheel 23, the driving motor housing is firmly connected to the bracket 11, the driving motor output end is transmission-connected to the driving wheel 23, and the outer circle of the driving wheel 23 is in transmission contact with the conveyor belt 21;

[0036] There are two groups of filter press devices 4, which are symmetrically arranged along the filter chamber 121. The filter press device 4 includes a material roller 41, a filter press roller 42, a filter cloth 43 and a tensioning roller 44. The filter cloth 43 is arranged along the material roller 41, the filter press roller 42 and the tensioning roller 44 in sequence. The filter cloth 43 between the material roller 41 and the filter press roller 42 constitutes a filter press stroke. The filter cloth 43 within the filter press stroke is arranged obliquely, and the distance between the two layers of filter cloth 43 close to the filter press roller 42 is the smallest. The material roller 41, the filter press roller 42 and the tensioning roller 44 are respectively rotatably connected to the shell 12.

[0037] The slurry falling from the silo 5 is transported by the conveyor belt 21. When the slurry falls on the upper surface of the conveyor belt 21, it forms an undulating state. The conveying stroke is controlled by the length of the conveyor belt 21, so that the moisture in the slurry is leached from the slurry to form a supernatant. The conveyor belt 21 is blocked by the baffles 22 on both sides, and the driving wheel 23 arranged on the inner ring drives the conveyor belt 21 to operate. The output torque of the external driving motor drives the driving wheel 23 to rotate. The slurry after the supernatant is filtered is filtered by two symmetrically arranged groups of filter press devices 4. The alkali residue between the two layers of filter cloth is filtered by gradually shrinking the spacing between the filter press strokes to form a filter cake. The filter cloth 43 is wrapped around the material roller 41, and the material is discharged through the material roller 41. The two tensioning rollers 44 meshed in the center filter the slurry through the filter cloth. The filter cloth 43 is tensioned by the tensioning roller 44, and the filtered filter cloth 43 is wound up for subsequent cleaning and reuse.

[0038] Furthermore, the pre-dehydration device 3 is fastened to the bracket 11, and the pre-dehydration device 3 includes a mounting seat 31, a depth adjustment component 32, a suction nozzle 33 and an air duct 36. The mounting seat 31 is fastened to the bracket 11, and an adjustment cavity 311 is provided on the mounting seat 31. The depth adjustment component 32 is movably connected to the adjustment cavity 311. The adjustment cavity 311 is an "n"-shaped structure. The adjustment cavity 311 includes a float 3111, a volume cavity 3112 and a sedimentation tank 3113. The depth adjustment component 32 includes a float 321, a sealing plate 326 and a pressure plate 3 24. A push rod 322 is provided on the upper side of the floating platform 321. The upper end of the push rod 322 is drivingly connected to the sealing plate 326. The sealing plate 326 is slidably connected to the floating path 3111. The pressure plate 324 is slidably connected to the sedimentation tank 3113. The two sides of the volume chamber 3112 are respectively connected to the floating path 3111 and the sedimentation tank 3113. The two ends of the volume chamber 3112 are sealed by the sealing plate 326 and the pressure plate 324. The volume chamber 3112 is filled with compressed gas. The lower end of the sealing plate 326 is connected to the floating path 3111 via the balance spring 323.

[0039] The air duct 36 is firmly connected to the mounting base 31 . The air duct 36 is tilted along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 21 . The air outlet of the air duct 36 faces the slurry on the upper side of the conveyor belt 21 . The air duct 36 and the floating platform 321 are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 21 .

[0040] The pre-dehydration device 3 is installed through the bracket 11, and one side of the mounting seat 31 is fixed on the bracket 11. The mounting seat 31 is located at the end of the conveying stroke of the conveyor belt 21 to perform preliminary dehydration on the supernatant that has settled and formed to prevent it from mixing with the turbid liquid filtered in the later filter pressing process, thereby increasing the turbid liquid processing capacity of the filter pressing. The depth adjustment component 32 is automatically adjusted according to the depth of the supernatant to improve the drainage efficiency. When the conveyor belt 21 carries the slurry with supernatant into the lower side of the air duct 36, the air duct 36 emits a high-pressure airflow and blows it to the side of the slurry groove away from the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 21. When there is no supernatant in the slurry groove, the high-pressure airflow flows along the slurry surface in the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 21. When the slurry groove is filled with supernatant, the high-pressure airflow flows obliquely along the slurry surface toward the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 21. When there is supernatant, the high-pressure airflow increases the pressure applied locally to the supernatant, so that the supernatant forms an upward liquid accumulation surface under the blowing of the airflow. The high-pressure airflow is reversed by the liquid accumulation surface, so that the high-pressure airflow is offset along the liquid accumulation surface toward the side close to the air duct and blows toward the floating platform 321. The floating platform 321 is forced to move upward, and the sealing plate 326 is driven upward by the top rod 322 to compress the compressed air in the volume chamber 3112. As the pressure in the volume chamber 3112 increases, the pressure plate 324 is pushed downward. As the supernatant moves forward, the air outlet of the air duct 36 is increased, so that more high-speed airflow is blown toward the floating platform, thereby causing the pressure plate 324 to move further downward, so that it is convenient to automatically adjust downward according to the depth of the supernatant to draw liquid.

[0041] Furthermore, a drainage rod 325 is provided on the lower side of the pressure plate 324, and a suction nozzle 33 is provided at the lower end of the drainage rod 325;

[0042] During pre-dehydration: the air duct 36 blows the clear liquid on the upper side of the slurry, and the clear liquid extends upward to form a liquid accumulation surface. The floating platform 321 is located above the liquid accumulation surface, and the suction nozzle 33 is inserted into the clear liquid on the upper layer of the slurry.

[0043] When the pressure plate 324 sinks, it drives the drainage rod 325 downward, so that the suction nozzle 33 is inserted into the supernatant to draw liquid. The deeper the supernatant, the higher the liquid accumulation surface formed by the high-speed airflow, which will direct more airflow to the floating platform above. The downward depth of the suction nozzle 33 is automatically adjusted according to the depth of the liquid drawing to ensure the liquid drawing efficiency.

[0044] Further, the pre-dehydration device 3 also includes a drainage pipe 35, which is connected to the suction nozzle 33 through a drainage rod 325. The drainage pipe 35 is connected to a negative pressure source, such as a water pump, and the drainage pipe 35 is connected to the suction nozzle 33 through the drainage rod 325 to draw liquid.

[0045] Furthermore, a guide plate 34 is provided on one side of the drainage rod 325, and a drainage channel 3251 is provided on the drainage rod 325. The drainage channel 3251 is connected to the suction nozzle 33, and an opening groove 341 is provided on the guide plate 34. A bypass flow channel 312 is provided on the mounting seat 31. The drainage pipe 35 and the bypass flow channel 312 are connected through the pipeline. The bypass flow channel 312 is away from one end of the drainage pipe 35 toward the sedimentation tank 3113, and the drainage channel 3251 is intermittently connected to the bypass flow channel 312 through the opening groove 341.

[0046] The supernatant is intercepted by the guide plate 34 on one side of the drainage rod 325. As the suction nozzle enters the deep layer of the alkali slag supernatant, the drainage rod 325 drives the guide plate 34 downward, thereby increasing the conduction area of the opening groove 341 and the drainage channel 3251, increasing the instantaneous flow rate, and improving the liquid pumping efficiency. In the initial state, the drainage channel 3251 is blocked by the side wall of the guide plate 34, and the center lines of the guide plate 34 and the drainage channel 3251 are arranged vertically.

[0047] As an optimization, the dewatering and screening device also includes a scraper 6. The end of the conveying stroke of the conveyor belt 21 faces the filter cloth 43. The scraper 6 is located at the end of the conveying stroke of the conveyor belt 21. The scraper 6 is tightly connected to the bracket 11, and one side of the scraper 6 is in sliding contact with the conveyor belt 21. The scraper 6 at the end of the conveying stroke of the conveyor belt 21 scrapes off the upper side of the conveyor belt 21 and enters the filter cloth 43 arranged on the lower layer. The double-layer filter cloth 43 is used for pressure filtration, and the dewatered water of different concentrations is screened through the double dewatering structure.

[0048] As an optimization, an air storage tank 3211 is provided on the lower side of the floating platform 321, and the air storage tank 3211 is arranged in an arc shape. The arc shape of the air storage tank 3211 facilitates gas interception and makes the floating platform 321 rise more smoothly.

[0049] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: when the slurry falls on the upper surface of the conveyor belt 21, it forms an undulating state, and the conveying stroke is controlled by the length of the conveyor belt 21, so that the moisture in the slurry is leached from the slurry to form supernatant; when the conveyor belt 21 carries the slurry with supernatant into the lower side of the air duct 36, the air duct 36 emits a high-pressure airflow and blows it to the side of the slurry groove away from the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 21. When there is no supernatant in the slurry groove, the high-pressure airflow flows obliquely along the slurry surface toward the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 21. When there is supernatant in the slurry groove, the high-pressure airflow exerts a local pressure increase on the supernatant, so that the supernatant forms an upward accumulation surface under the blowing of the airflow, and the high-pressure airflow is reversed by the accumulation surface, so that the high-pressure airflow deviates along the accumulation surface close to the air duct and blows to the floating platform 321. The floating platform 321 is forced to move upward, and drives the sealing plate 326 to move upward through the top rod 322. The compressed air in the volume chamber 3112 is compressed. As the pressure in the volume chamber 3112 increases, the pressure-bearing plate 324 is pushed downward. As the supernatant liquid moves forward, the air outlet of the air duct 36 is increased, so that more high-speed air flow is blown to the floating platform, thereby causing the pressure-bearing plate 324 to move further downward, which is convenient for automatically adjusting downward according to the depth of the supernatant liquid to draw liquid; when the pressure-bearing plate 324 sinks, it drives the deflection rod 325 downward, so that the suction nozzle 33 is inserted into the supernatant liquid to draw liquid. The deeper the supernatant liquid is, the higher the liquid accumulation level formed by the high-speed air flow is, which will guide more air flow to the floating platform above, thereby automatically adjusting the downward depth of the suction nozzle 33 according to the depth of the liquid drawing to ensure the liquid drawing efficiency; as the suction nozzle enters the deep layer of the alkali slag supernatant, the deflection rod 325 drives the deflector plate 34 downward, thereby increasing the conduction area of the opening groove 341 and the drainage channel 3251, increasing the instantaneous flow rate, and improving the liquid drawing efficiency.

[0050] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dehydration and screening device for alkali residue filter cake, characterized by: The dewatering and screening device comprises a supporting device (1), a conveying device (2), a pre-dewatering device (3) and a filter press device (4); the supporting device (1) is connected to the conveying device (2); a silo (5) is provided on the upper side of the conveying device (2); the discharge end of the silo (5) faces the conveying device (2); the pre-dewatering device (3) and the supporting device (1) are tightly connected; the filter press device (4) and the supporting device (1) are connected; the supporting device (1) comprises a bracket (11) and a housing (12); a filter chamber (121) is provided in the housing (12); the filter press device (4) is placed in the filter chamber (121); the bracket (11) and the conveying device (2) are connected; The conveying device (2) includes a conveyor belt (21), the conveyor belt (21) and the bracket (11) are slidably connected, the inner circle of the conveyor belt (21) is provided with two driving wheels (23), baffles (22) are provided on both sides of the conveyor belt (21), the conveyor belt (21) and the baffles (22) are slidably connected, the baffles (22) and the bracket (11) are tightly connected, the driving wheel (23) and the bracket (11) are rotatably connected, a driving motor is provided on one side of the driving wheel (23), the driving motor housing is tightly connected to the bracket (11), the driving motor output end is transmission-connected to the driving wheel (23), and the outer circle of the driving wheel (23) is in transmission contact with the conveyor belt (21); The pre-dehydration device (3) is tightly connected to the bracket (11), and the pre-dehydration device (3) includes a mounting seat (31), a depth adjustment component (32), a suction nozzle (33) and an air duct (36). The mounting seat (31) is tightly connected to the bracket (11), and an adjustment cavity (311) is provided on the mounting seat (31). The depth adjustment component (32) and the adjustment cavity (311) are movably connected. The adjustment cavity (311) is an "n"-shaped structure. The adjustment cavity (311) includes a float (3111), a volume cavity (3112) and a sedimentation tank (3113). The depth adjustment component (32) includes a float (321), a sealing plate (326) and a pressure plate (326). 24), a push rod (322) is provided on the upper side of the floating platform (321), the upper end of the push rod (322) is transmission-connected to the sealing plate (326), the sealing plate (326) is slidingly connected to the floating channel (3111), the pressure-bearing plate (324) is slidingly connected to the sedimentation tank (3113), the two sides of the volume chamber (3112) are respectively connected to the floating channel (3111) and the sedimentation tank (3113), the two ends of the volume chamber (3112) are sealed by the sealing plate (326) and the pressure-bearing plate (324), the volume chamber (3112) is filled with compressed gas, and the lower end of the sealing plate (326) is connected to the floating channel (3111) via a balance spring (323); The air duct (36) and the mounting seat (31) are tightly connected, the air duct (36) is arranged obliquely along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt (21), the air outlet end of the air duct (36) faces the slurry on the upper side of the conveyor belt (21), and the air duct (36) and the floating platform (321) are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt (21).

2. The alkali residue filter cake dehydration and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter press device (4) is provided with two groups, and the two groups of the filter press devices (4) are symmetrically arranged along the filter chamber (121). The filter press device (4) comprises a material roller (41), a filter press roller (42), a filter cloth (43) and a tensioning roller (44). The filter cloth (43) is arranged along the material roller (41), the filter press roller (42) and the tensioning roller (44) in sequence. The filter cloth (43) between the material roller (41) and the filter press roller (42) constitutes a filter press stroke. The filter cloth (43) in the filter press stroke is arranged obliquely, and the distance between the two layers of filter cloth (43) close to the filter press roller (42) is the smallest. The material roller (41), the filter press roller (42) and the tensioning roller (44) are respectively rotatably connected to the housing (12).

3. The alkali residue filter cake dehydration and screening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A drainage rod (325) is provided on the lower side of the pressure plate (324), and a suction nozzle (33) is provided at the lower end of the drainage rod (325); During pre-dehydration: the air duct (36) blows the clear liquid on the upper side of the slurry, the clear liquid extends upward to form a liquid accumulation surface, the floating platform (321) is located above the liquid accumulation surface, and the suction nozzle (33) is inserted into the clear liquid on the upper layer of the slurry.

4. The alkali residue filter cake dehydration and screening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pre-dehydration device (3) further comprises a drainage pipe (35), wherein the drainage pipe (35) is connected to the suction nozzle (33) through a drainage rod (325).

5. The alkali residue filter cake dehydration and screening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide plate (34) is provided on one side of the drainage rod (325), a drainage channel (3251) is provided on the drainage rod (325), the drainage channel (3251) is connected to the suction nozzle (33), an opening groove (341) is provided on the guide plate (34), a bypass flow channel (312) is provided on the mounting seat (31), the drainage pipe (35) and the bypass flow channel (312) are connected via a pipe, one end of the bypass flow channel (312) away from the drainage pipe (35) is directed toward the sedimentation tank (3113), and the drainage channel (3251) is intermittently connected to the bypass flow channel (312) via the opening groove (341).

6. The alkali residue filter cake dehydration and screening device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dewatering and screening device further comprises a scraper plate (6), the conveying end of the conveying stroke of the conveyor belt (21) faces the filter cloth (43), the scraper plate (6) is located at the conveying end of the conveyor belt (21), the scraper plate (6) and the bracket (11) are tightly connected, and one side of the scraper plate (6) is in sliding contact with the conveyor belt (21).

7. The alkali residue filter cake dehydration and screening device according to claim 6, characterized in that: An air storage tank (3211) is provided on the lower side of the floating platform (321), and the air storage tank (3211) is arranged in an arc shape.

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