A photovoltaic assembly process

Abstract

The application provides a photovoltaic accessory machining process and relates to the field of photovoltaic accessory machining. The photovoltaic accessory machining process comprises the following steps: cutting an aluminum material to make a milled surface see light, milling reinforcing ribs, rough machining the reinforcing ribs, uniformly cutting a plurality of circular grooves on the aluminum plate through a milling cutter, spacing the plurality of reinforcing ribs and the plurality of circular grooves, turning over the aluminum plate, slotting the back of the aluminum plate, chamfering and deburring, and placing the obtained product in a natural environment for standing. The photovoltaic accessory machining process provided by the application releases most of the residual stress of the workpiece machined by a tool, reduces the stress caused by continuous machining and production of the aluminum material, and thus achieves the purpose of reducing the cracking of the workpiece.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic accessory processing, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic accessory processing technology. BACKGROUND

[0002] Photovoltaic is short for solar photovoltaic power generation system, which is a power generation system that converts solar radiation energy into electric energy directly through photovoltaic effect of solar cell semiconductor materials, and has independent operation and grid-connected operation.

[0003] Photovoltaic is divided into two types, one is centralized, such as large-scale northwest ground photovoltaic power generation system, and the other is distributed (with 6MW as a boundary), such as residential roof photovoltaic power generation system.

[0004] Photovoltaic is defined as direct conversion of ray energy. In practical application, it usually refers to conversion of solar energy into electric energy, that is, solar photovoltaic. Its implementation mainly uses solar panels made of silicon and other semiconductor materials to generate direct current through light, such as solar cells that can be seen everywhere in our daily life.

[0005] Aluminum alloy is the most widely used non-ferrous structural material in industry. It has been widely used in aviation, aerospace, automobile, machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding and chemical industry. The rapid development of industrial economy has increased the demand for aluminum alloy welded structural parts, which has led to in-depth research on the weldability of aluminum alloy. At present, aluminum alloy is the most widely used alloy.

[0006] Due to the excellent performance of aluminum alloy, it is often used as a production material for producing photovoltaic accessories. When the photovoltaic accessories are processed, the workpiece needs to be processed multiple times through a milling machine, and the operation is relatively cumbersome. Due to the continuous processing steps, the internal stress of continuous production is easy to cause the product to crack. In addition, very high requirements are put forward for the surface treatment of the processed metal in the production of the workpiece. Each link of the whole production process plays a decisive role in the quality of the final product. Therefore, the yield of the processed product is not high, which is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new photovoltaic accessory processing technology to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a photovoltaic accessory processing technology.

[0009] The photovoltaic accessory processing technology provided by the present application comprises the following steps:

[0010] S1: obtaining materials;

[0011] The aluminum material is cut by a cutting device, and the aluminum material is cut into an aluminum plate with a size of 760mmX760mmX85mm by the cutting device;

[0012] S2: polishing the raw material;

[0013] The cutting surface of the aluminum plate is polished, and polishing liquid is added during polishing;

[0014] S3: rough machining of the aluminum material, milling the reinforcing ribs and circular grooves on the front surface of the aluminum plate;

[0015] The aluminum material is clamped and cut, and multiple uniformly distributed reinforcing ribs are cut on the top surface of the aluminum plate. The inner cavity, side surface and bottom surface of the reinforcing rib are rough machined by a cutting device. The machined plate has a surplus for subsequent processing. Multiple circular grooves are uniformly cut on the aluminum plate by a cutting device. The multiple reinforcing ribs and the multiple circular grooves are arranged at intervals. The reinforcing rib is chamfered by a chamfering device;

[0016] S4: grooving the back surface of the aluminum plate;

[0017] The workpiece after turning is fixed on the cutting device again by the clamp, and the back surface of the aluminum plate is cut. The cut workpiece is grooved. The grooves on the back surface of the aluminum plate are rough machined by a cutting tool. The machined plate has a surplus for subsequent processing. The plate is installed on a chamfering device for chamfering and deburring operation;

[0018] S5: stress relief of the aluminum plate;

[0019] The obtained product is placed in a natural environment for 6-12 months for stress relief. The aluminum plate is turned over every month;

[0020] S6: circular groove opening of the aluminum plate;

[0021] The bottom wall of the multiple circular grooves on the front surface of the aluminum plate is circularly grooved;

[0022] S7: reinforcing rib drilling of the aluminum plate;

[0023] The aluminum plate is positioned and installed by a numerical control machining device, a coordinate system is set, the through hole position of the reinforcing rib required to be drilled is determined, and a numerical control program for the above machining is written. The numerical control machining device is used to process the basic hole of the reinforcing rib on the aluminum plate. The existing basic hole of the reinforcing rib is reprocessed by clamping a milling cutter. Finally, two through holes are drilled at each of the seven reinforcing ribs;

[0024] S8: finishing machining of the aluminum plate;

[0025] The aluminum plate is fixed on the cutting equipment by a clamp, and trial cutting is first performed on the aluminum plate, if the trial cutting is deviated, the clamp is adjusted, and the trial cutting is performed again until no obvious deviation occurs in the trial cutting, the fixed aluminum plate is machined, and the plurality of reinforcing ribs and the plurality of circular groove holes are sequentially subjected to fine cutting, the back surface of the aluminum plate is cut, the cutting tool is replaced, and then, the boss on the bottom surface of the aluminum plate is subjected to fine machining to remove burrs on the surface of the boss;

[0026] S9: initial polishing and deep polishing of the aluminum plate;

[0027] The machined aluminum plate is chamfered, the chamfered aluminum plate is deburred, and then, the obtained aluminum material is placed in a cleaning tank containing polishing liquid and clean water, the polishing equipment is started, and initial polishing and cleaning are first performed, and then, deep cleaning and polishing are performed;

[0028] S10: chemical cleaning of the aluminum plate;

[0029] The deburred aluminum plate is cleaned;

[0030] S11: acceptance and packaging into a warehouse;

[0031] The aluminum plate is inspected, and the defective products are removed and packaged into a warehouse.

[0032] Preferably, in the S1, S2, S3, S4, S6, S7 and S8, cutting fluid is added during cutting of the aluminum material, and the cutting fluid is water-soluble cutting fluid.

[0033] Preferably, in the S3 and S4, the machining allowance is 1 mm.

[0034] Preferably, in the S9, a smooth surface with a surface roughness of less than 0.037 Ra is obtained after polishing.

[0035] Preferably, in the S2, during polishing of the cutting surface of the aluminum material, the polishing pressure is 3 psi-3.3 psi, the rotating speed of the polishing disc is 95 rpm-105 rpm, the polishing liquid flow rate is 230 ml / min-270 ml / min, and the polishing time is 110 s-130 s.

[0036] Preferably, in the S2, the polishing liquid comprises the following components by mass fraction: citric acid 3 parts, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 6 parts, sodium tripolyphosphate 2 parts, methyl silicone oil 6 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 30 parts, ethylenediamine methylene phosphoric acid 12 parts, quartz sand 15 parts, and silicon dioxide 8 parts.

[0037] Preferably, in the S1, the cutting speed of the milling cutter is 120 m / min-180 m / min, and the tool feed amount is 0.18 mm / r-0.23 mm / r.

[0038] Preferably, in S10, when the aluminum plate is cleaned, the workpiece is immersed in 50 DEG C warm water for thorough cleaning for 3 minutes, then the workpiece is immersed in flowing cold water at room temperature for thorough cleaning for 3 minutes, then the cleaned workpiece is immersed in a 9-10% mass concentration NaOH solution at 53-58 DEG C for 15 minutes or more, the workpiece is taken out and washed with cold water to remove NaOH residues on the surface of the workpiece, finally, the cleaned workpiece is immersed in a 5-10% mass concentration HNO3 solution for 2 minutes, the workpiece is taken out and washed in water to remove nitric acid residues on the surface of the workpiece.

[0039] Compared with the related art, the photovoltaic accessory processing process provided by the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. When the workpiece is processed, after the aluminum material is cut and the reinforcing ribs are cut, the obtained product is placed in a natural environment for 6-12 months for stress relief, the residual stress of the workpiece after being cut by a tool is mostly released by using the seasonal temperature change and time effect, the longer the natural placement time, the better the stress relief effect, compared with the traditional processing, the stress caused by continuous processing of the aluminum material is reduced, so that the purpose of reducing the cracking of the workpiece is achieved, and the yield of the product is improved.

[0041] 2. During the processing of the workpiece, chamfering and deburring operations are performed multiple times, the processing precision of the subsequent product is improved, and multiple chamfering and deburring operations make the chamfering and deburring of the subsequent finishing more accurate, compared with the traditional complete processing and then unified deburring, the smoothness of the product surface is improved, and the yield of the product after processing is further improved.

[0042] 3. Compared with the traditional photovoltaic accessory with a flat top, multiple reinforcing ribs evenly distributed on the surface of the aluminum plate are cut during processing, the strength of the accessory is improved by cutting the reinforcing ribs, so that the accessory is not easy to deform and crack during long-term use, the compression resistance of the photovoltaic accessory is improved, in addition, multiple circular grooves are formed, and the multiple reinforcing ribs are arranged at intervals with the multiple circular grooves, so that the stress is evenly distributed, and holes are formed in the bottom walls of the multiple circular grooves, so that the mass of the device is reduced.

[0043] 4. When stress relief is performed, the aluminum plate is turned over every month, due to the influence of gravity, the cut part of the workpiece has a downward trend during stress relief, therefore, the internal unevenness of the aluminum material caused by the influence of the gravity of the aluminum plate is reduced by continuously turning over, and the strength of the device is improved to a certain extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 A structure diagram of the photovoltaic accessory processed by the photovoltaic accessory processing process provided by the present application is shown in the figure;

[0045] Figure 2 A structure diagram of the photovoltaic accessory processed by the photovoltaic accessory processing process provided by the present application is shown in the figure; Figure 1 A sectional view of the photovoltaic accessory is shown in the figure;

[0046] Figure 3 A flow chart of the photovoltaic accessory processing process provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0047] Reference signs in the figure: 1, aluminum plate; 2, reinforcing rib; 3, round slot hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The present application will be further described below in combination with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0049] Figure 1 A structure diagram of the photovoltaic accessory processed by the photovoltaic accessory processing process provided by the present application is shown in the figure; Figure 2 A structure diagram of the photovoltaic accessory processed by the photovoltaic accessory processing process provided by the present application is shown in the figure; Figure 1 A sectional view of the photovoltaic accessory is shown in the figure; Figure 3 A flow chart of the photovoltaic accessory processing process provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0050] Embodiment one

[0051] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , in the specific implementation process, the following steps are included:

[0052] (1) Adjust the perpendicularity of the main shaft of the milling machine and the parallelism of the vice, and tightly lock the vice on the workbench. Place the aluminum material to be processed on two suitable height pads, and then place the pads and the aluminum material on the vice. Then turn the vice handle to stably fix the workpiece on the vice. Install the edge finder in the main shaft cutter bar head of the milling machine. Adjust the high-low speed switch to L gear, i.e. low gear, for rough cutting. Turn the main shaft rotation switch to the rotation position, and rotate the main shaft speed switch. According to the processing needs of the aluminum material, select a suitable milling cutter, and then place the 25% area of the milling cutter diameter on the aluminum material. Cut the aluminum material into a size of 760mmX760mmX85mm through the milling cutter. The cutting speed of the milling cutter is 120m / min-180m / min, and the tool feed amount is 0.18mm / r-0.23mm / r;

[0053] (2) Polishing the cut surface of the aluminum plate 1 in step (1), and adding polishing liquid during polishing, the polishing pressure is 3psi-3.3psi, the polishing disc speed is 95rpm-105rpm, the polishing liquid flow is 230ml / min-270ml / min, the polishing time is 110s-130s, and the polishing liquid includes the following components by mass fraction: citric acid 3 parts, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 6 parts, sodium tripolyphosphate 2 parts, methyl silicone oil 6 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 30 parts, ethylenediamine methylene phosphoric acid 12 parts, quartz sand 15 parts, and silicon dioxide 8 parts;

[0054] (3) Placing the aluminum material polished in step (2) on a machine tool, clamping the aluminum material by a vice, and cutting the aluminum material into an aluminum plate 1 with a thickness of 80mm according to the cutting method shown in step (1), and cutting seven reinforcing ribs 2 uniformly distributed on the top surface of the aluminum plate 1, and rough machining the inner cavity, side surface and bottom surface of the reinforcing ribs 2 by a milling cutter, and leaving a machining allowance of 1mm on the machined plate part for subsequent machining;

[0055] (4) Cutting seven circular grooves with a size of on the aluminum plate 1 by a milling cutter, and spacing the seven reinforcing ribs 2 and the seven circular grooves, and fixing and installing the aluminum plate 1 on a machine tool, and polishing the inner wall of the circular groove to make the size of the machined circular groove

[0056] (5) Rough machining the seven reinforcing ribs 2 on the aluminum plate 1 by a milling cutter in sequence, and the included angle between the inclined surface and the vertical surface of the rough machined reinforcing rib 2 is 11 degrees, and the width of the cut reinforcing rib 2 is 6.35mm, and after the cut aluminum plate 1 is installed on a chamfering machine, chamfering the reinforcing rib 2 by the chamfering machine;

[0057] (6) Turning the aluminum plate 1 over by 180 degrees, and then fixing the turned workpiece on a milling machine by a vice again, and cutting the back surface of the aluminum plate 1 to make the total thickness of the cut aluminum plate 1 be 76mm, and slotting the cut workpiece to make the depth of the slot be 9.53mm and the radius of the cut aluminum plate 1 be 6mm, and rough machining the groove on the back surface of the aluminum plate 1 by a milling cutter, and leaving a machining allowance of 1mm on the machined plate part for subsequent machining, and installing the plate part on a chamfering machine to perform chamfering and deburring operations;

[0058] (7) Placing the obtained product in a natural environment for 6 months to relieve stress, and turning over the aluminum plate 1 every other month;

[0059] (8) Precisely cutting the circular groove on the aluminum plate 1 to form a circular groove hole 3 with a size of after the hole is opened on the bottom wall of the circular groove; ​​

[0060] (9) Adopt numerical control processing equipment to position and install the aluminum plate 1, set up coordinate system, determine the through hole position of the required reinforcing rib 2 and write numerical control program for the above processing, adopt numerical control processing equipment to clamp drill bit type cutter to process the reinforcing rib 2 on the aluminum plate 1, adopt numerical control processing equipment to clamp milling cutter to reprocess the existing basic hole of the reinforcing rib 2, finally drill two through holes at each of the seven reinforcing ribs 2;

[0061] (10) Fix the aluminum plate 1 on the cutting equipment through the clamp, first try cutting, if the try cutting is offset, adjust the clamp, try cutting again, until there is no obvious offset when try cutting, process the fixed aluminum plate 1, in turn, cut and process the multiple reinforcing ribs 2 and multiple round groove holes 3, then turn over the workpiece, fix the workpiece on the milling machine through the vice, the convex surface of the fixed aluminum plate 1 is upward, cut the back surface of the aluminum plate 1 through the milling cutter, so that the total thickness of the cut aluminum plate 1 is 72.39mm, precisely cut and process the bottom wall and side wall of the groove opened on the back surface, the depth of the precisely cut and processed groove is 10.8mm, the back surface of the processed aluminum plate 1 is chamfered and deburred through the chamfering machine;

[0062] (11) The obtained aluminum material is placed in a cleaning tank containing polishing liquid and water, the polishing machine body is started to fully mix, stir and rotate the water and polishing liquid in the cleaning tank, and then the aluminum material in the cleaning tank is preliminarily polished and cleaned, then polishing needles are added to the cleaning tank to cover the aluminum profile to be polished and cleaned, the polishing machine body is started again to deeply clean and polish the aluminum material in the cleaning tank, and a smooth surface with a surface roughness less than 0.037Ra is obtained after polishing;

[0063] (12) The deburred aluminum plate 1 is cleaned, the workpiece is immersed in 50℃ warm water for thorough cleaning for 3min, then the workpiece is immersed in flowing cold water at room temperature for thorough cleaning for 3min, then the cleaned workpiece is immersed in 53-58℃ NaOH solution with a mass concentration of 9%-10% for more than 15min, the part is taken out and washed with cold water to remove NaOH residues on the surface of the workpiece, finally, the cleaned workpiece is immersed in HNO3 solution with a mass concentration of 5%-10% for 2min, the workpiece is taken out and cleaned in water to remove nitric acid residues on the surface of the workpiece;

[0064] (13) The aluminum plate 1 is inspected, and the defective products are removed, the specific inspection method is: observe the holes and corners under the microscope, if there are unpenetrated, missed drilling, wrong drilling or sawtooth shape in the holes, all are screened out for reprocessing or scrapping, if it meets the standard, it is qualified for inspection and can be packed into the warehouse;​

[0065] Step (1), step (2), step (3), step (4), step (5), step (6), step (8), step (9) and step (10) all need to add cutting fluid when cutting, and the cutting fluid used is water-soluble cutting fluid.

[0066] Example two

[0067] The same method as detailed in Example one is followed, except that the product obtained in step (7) is placed in a natural environment for 9 months, and when rough machining is performed, the value of all machining allowances is 0.8.

[0068] Example three

[0069] The same method as detailed in Example one is followed, except that the product obtained in step (7) is placed in a natural environment for 12 months, and when rough machining is performed, the value of all machining allowances is 0.6.

[0070] Control group one

[0071] The same method as detailed in Example one is followed, except that the product obtained in step (6) is directly subjected to the machining operation of step (8), and the workpiece is not subjected to a natural placement stress relief operation.

[0072] Experimental operation effect

[0073] Method:

[0074] 100 workpieces are divided into 4 groups according to the principle of parallel control, and each group is subjected to machining of 25 workpieces.

[0075] Experimental results:

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] From the above results, it can be concluded that the average total effective rate of examples 1-3 is 81%, and from the data in the table, the longer the workpiece is placed after cutting, the better the stress relief effect of the metal, and therefore, the higher the yield rate of the product. The yield rate in any of examples 1-3 is higher than that in control group 1. In summary, the process can significantly improve the yield rate of the workpiece during processing. From the table, the yield rate of the stress relief time for 6 months is 75%, the yield rate of the stress relief time for 9 months is 80%, and the yield rate of the stress relief time for 12 months is 90%. Therefore, it can be concluded that the longer the stress relief time, the better the stress relief effect and the higher the yield rate.

[0079] The working principle of the present application is as follows: when the workpiece is processed, after the aluminum plate 1 is cut and the reinforcing rib is cut, the workpiece is placed for 6-12 months. The residual stress of the workpiece after cutting by the tool is released by using the change of seasonal temperature and time effect, thereby reducing the stress caused by continuous processing of aluminum materials, achieving the purpose of reducing the cracking of the workpiece, and improving the yield rate of the product. In addition, during the processing of the workpiece, chamfering and deburring operations are performed multiple times, which improves the machining precision of the subsequent product. The multiple chamfering and deburring operations make the chamfering and deburring of the subsequent machining more accurate, improve the smoothness of the product surface, and further improve the yield rate of the product after processing.

[0080] The above description is only an embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, which is based on the content of the specification and drawings of the present application, is also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic fitting processing process, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: S1: obtaining materials; The aluminum material is cut by a cutting device to cut the aluminum material into an aluminum plate (1) with a size of 760mmX760mmX85mm; S2: polishing the raw material; The cutting surface of the aluminum plate (1) is polished, and polishing liquid is added during polishing; S3: rough machining of aluminum material, milling of reinforcing ribs and circular grooves on the front surface of the aluminum plate; The aluminum material is clamped and cut, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs (2) are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the aluminum plate (1). The inner cavity, side surface and bottom surface of the reinforcing rib (2) are rough machined by the cutting device. A surplus is left on the machined plate for subsequent machining. A plurality of circular grooves are uniformly cut on the aluminum plate (1) by the cutting device. The plurality of reinforcing ribs (2) are arranged at intervals with the plurality of circular grooves. The reinforcing rib (2) is chamfered by the chamfering device; S4: grooving on the back surface of the aluminum plate; The workpiece after turning over is fixed on the cutting device again through the clamp. The back surface of the aluminum plate (1) is cut. The workpiece after cutting is grooved. The groove on the back surface of the aluminum plate (1) after grooving is rough machined by the cutting tool. The machined plate is installed on the chamfering device for chamfering and deburring operation; S5: stress relief of aluminum plate; The obtained product is placed in a natural environment for 6-12 months for stress relief. The aluminum plate (1) is turned over every month; S6: circular groove opening of aluminum plate; The bottom wall of the plurality of circular grooves on the front surface of the aluminum plate (1) is circular groove hole (3) operated; S7: aluminum plate reinforcing rib drilling; The aluminum plate (1) is positioned and installed by numerical control machining equipment, and a coordinate system is set. The through hole position of the reinforcing rib (2) required to be drilled is determined, and a numerical control program for the above machining is written. The numerical control machining equipment is used to process the basic hole of the reinforcing rib (2) on the aluminum plate (1). The existing basic hole of the reinforcing rib (2) is reprocessed by clamping the milling cutter. Finally, two through holes are drilled at each of the seven reinforcing ribs (2); S8: finishing of aluminum plate; The aluminum plate (1) is fixed on the cutting device by the clamp. First, it is tested. If the test cutting deviates, the clamp is adjusted. The test cutting is performed again until there is no obvious deviation during the test cutting. The fixed aluminum plate (1) is machined. The plurality of reinforcing ribs (2) and the plurality of circular groove holes (3) are sequentially precisely cut. The back surface of the aluminum plate (1) is cut. The cutting tool is replaced, and then the boss on the bottom surface of the aluminum plate (1) is finished to remove the burrs on the surface of the boss; S9: initial polishing and deep polishing of aluminum plate; The machined aluminum plate (1) is chamfered. The chamfered aluminum plate (1) is deburred. Then, the obtained aluminum material is placed in a cleaning tank containing polishing liquid and clean water. Start the polishing equipment to perform preliminary polishing and cleaning, and then perform deep cleaning and polishing; S10: chemical cleaning of aluminum plate; The deburred aluminum plate (1) is cleaned; S11: acceptance, packaging and warehousing; The aluminum plate (1) is inspected, and the defective products are removed and packaged for warehousing.

2. The photovoltaic accessory fabrication process of claim 1, wherein, The S1, S2, S3, S4, S6, S7 and S8 all need to add cutting fluid when cutting aluminum materials, and the added cutting fluid is water-soluble cutting fluid.

3. The photovoltaic accessory fabrication process of claim 1, wherein, The machining allowance in the S3 and S4 is 1mm.

4. The photovoltaic accessory fabrication process of claim 1, wherein, In the S9, the polished surface has a roughness of less than 0.037Ra.

5. The photovoltaic accessory fabrication process of claim 1, wherein, In the S2, when polishing the cutting surface of the aluminum material, the polishing pressure is 3psi-3.3psi, the polishing disc speed is 95rpm-105rpm, the polishing fluid flow is 230ml / min-270ml / min, and the polishing time is 110s-130s.

6. The photovoltaic accessory fabrication process of claim 1, wherein, In the S2, the polishing fluid comprises the following components by mass fraction: citric acid 3 parts, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 6 parts, sodium tripolyphosphate 2 parts, methyl silicone oil 6 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 30 parts, ethylenediamine methylene phosphoric acid 12 parts, quartz sand 15 parts, and silicon dioxide 8 parts.

7. The photovoltaic accessory fabrication process of claim 1, wherein, In the S1, the milling cutter cutting speed is 120m / min-180m / min, and the tool feed amount is 0.18mm / r-0.23mm / r.

8. The photovoltaic accessory fabrication process of claim 1, wherein, In the S10, when cleaning the aluminum plate (1), the workpiece is immersed in 50℃ warm water for thorough cleaning for 3min, then immersed in flowing cold water at room temperature for thorough cleaning for 3min, then the cleaned workpiece is immersed in a 53-58℃ NaOH solution with a mass concentration of 9%-10% for more than 15min, the part is taken out and washed with cold water to remove the NaOH residue on the surface of the workpiece, finally, the cleaned workpiece is immersed in a HNO3 solution with a mass concentration of 5%-10% for 2min, the workpiece is taken out and washed in water to remove the nitric acid residue on the surface of the workpiece.

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