crane

Abstract

The crane provided by the present disclosure comprises a vehicle body, an arm frame movably arranged on the vehicle body, a wind measuring device comprising a wind speed sensor configured to obtain wind speed information of the arm frame, and a driving mechanism drivingly connected with the wind speed sensor and configured to drive the wind speed sensor to move so that the wind speed sensor can obtain wind speeds at different sampling points along the height direction of the crane as the wind speed information. The crane provided by the present disclosure can adapt to the operation requirements in harsh environments with strong wind and high wind.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of construction machinery, and in particular to a crane. Background Technology

[0002] my country has abundant wind energy resources, and developing wind power is an important energy development strategy for adjusting the country's energy structure and achieving emission reduction targets. In recent years, a wave of wind turbine construction has swept across the country, with the number of wind turbines constantly increasing and wind farms extending from the Central China Plain to the western mountainous areas.

[0003] Wind turbines mainly consist of three parts: the tower, the nacelle, and the blades. Each component is characterized by its height, size, and weight. Currently, wind turbine assembly is primarily accomplished using large-tonnage crawler cranes.

[0004] The assembly of the nacelle and blades is a major challenge in wind turbine assembly and construction. Tracked cranes are required to lift the nacelle, weighing hundreds of tons, to a height of hundreds of meters before installing it onto the tower. Tracked cranes generally require operation in calm or light wind conditions to ensure safety. However, in an effort to improve efficiency, there are instances of non-compliance with tracked crane operating procedures, resulting in improper lifting operations under strong winds and other adverse conditions. This can lead to accidents such as the entire turbine overturning, causing significant economic losses.

[0005] The mountainous areas in western China are windy and have harsh environments year-round. With the promotion and application of wind turbines, the construction of wind turbines using crawler cranes has become even more challenging. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a crane that can adapt to the operational needs of harsh environments with strong winds.

[0007] A first aspect of this disclosure provides a crane, comprising:

[0008] Vehicle body;

[0009] The boom is movably mounted on the vehicle body;

[0010] A wind speed measurement device, including a wind speed sensor configured to acquire wind speed information of the boom; and

[0011] A drive mechanism is driven and connected to the wind speed sensor and configured to drive the wind speed sensor to move so that the wind speed sensor can acquire the wind speed at different sampling points along the height direction of the crane as the wind speed information.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the wind measurement device includes two measuring units disposed on the left and right sides of the boom, each measuring unit including at least one wind speed sensor.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the drive mechanism is configured to drive the wind speed sensor of one of the measuring units to move upward while the wind speed sensor of the other measuring unit moves downward.

[0014] According to some embodiments of this disclosure

[0015] The wind force measuring device includes a limit switch, which is located on the moving path of the wind speed sensor and is triggered by the moving action of the wind speed sensor.

[0016] The crane includes a controller that is signal-connected to the limit switch and configured to, in response to a trigger signal from the limit switch, cause the wind speed sensors of the two measuring units to move in opposite directions.

[0017] According to some embodiments of this disclosure

[0018] The limit switch includes a first limit switch and a second limit switch. The first limit switch is located at the top of the moving path of the wind speed sensor, and the second limit switch is located at the bottom of the moving path of the wind speed sensor.

[0019] Each of the measuring units includes a plurality of wind speed sensors evenly distributed from top to bottom. The wind speed sensor at the top of one of the measuring units triggers the first limit switch, while the wind speed sensor at the bottom of another measuring unit triggers the second limit switch.

[0020] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the plurality of wind speed sensors in each of the measuring units can be moved synchronously.

[0021] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the wind measurement device includes a wind direction sensor configured to acquire the wind direction at its location as wind direction information of the boom. The wind direction sensor includes a first wind direction sensor and a second wind direction sensor, the first wind direction sensor being disposed at the top of the movement path of the wind speed sensor, and the second wind direction sensor being disposed at the bottom of the movement path of the wind speed sensor.

[0022] According to some embodiments of this disclosure

[0023] The wind measurement device includes a wind direction sensor, which is configured to acquire the wind direction at its location as the wind direction information of the boom.

[0024] The crane includes a controller that is signal-connected to the wind direction sensor and a plurality of the wind speed sensors. The controller is configured to obtain the wind load borne by the boom based on the wind direction information and the wind speed information, and to obtain corresponding lifting performance parameters based on the wind load. The lifting performance parameters include at least one of the following: boom length, radius, and rated lifting capacity of the crane.

[0025] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the controller is configured to obtain the wind load based on the following relationship:

[0026] F X =A1KV 2 X1 C f +A2KV 2 X2 C f + …… +A i KV 2 Xi C f + …… +A n KV 2 Xn C f ;

[0027] F Y =A1KV 2 Y1 C f +A2KV 2 Y2 C f + …… +A i KV 2 Yi C f + …… +A n KV 2 Yn C f ;

[0028] Among them, A i A represents the effective windward area of ​​the boom between the (i-1)th sampling point and the ith sampling point, where i = 1. i The effective windward area of ​​the boom between the bottom end of the boom and the first sampling point, K is a parameter related to the air density of the crane's operating environment, and C f The wind force coefficient represents the wind direction along the location of the wind direction sensor on the boom, θ represents the angle between the wind direction at the location of the wind direction sensor and the forward / backward direction of the crane, n represents the number of sampling points, and V iV represents the wind speed at the i-th sampling point. Xi =V i cosθ, V Yi =V i sinθ, F X F represents the component of the wind load in the longitudinal direction of the crane. Y This indicates the component of the wind load in the left-right direction of the crane.

[0029] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the drive mechanism includes:

[0030] Pulleys; and

[0031] A drive rope is wound around the pulley, the wind speed sensor is mounted on the drive rope, and the drive mechanism is configured to drive the drive rope to move via the pulley, thereby driving the wind speed sensor to move.

[0032] According to some embodiments of this disclosure

[0033] The pulley includes a first pulley and a second pulley, at least one of the first pulleys is disposed at the top of the moving path of the wind speed sensor, and at least one of the second pulleys is disposed at the bottom of the moving path of the wind speed sensor.

[0034] The drive rope is closed at both ends. The wind measurement device includes two measuring parts, each of which includes at least one wind speed sensor. The wind speed sensor of one measuring part is installed on the drive rope located between the first pulley and the second pulley and on the left side of the boom. The wind speed sensor of the other measuring part is installed on the drive rope located between the first pulley and the second pulley and on the right side of the boom.

[0035] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the transmission rope is closed at both ends, and the pulley includes:

[0036] Wheel body; and

[0037] A rope groove is detachably disposed on the radially outer circumferential surface of the wheel body, and the transmission rope is fitted into the rope groove so that the transmission rope can move under the drive of the pulley.

[0038] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the pulley includes a plurality of separately arranged rope grooves.

[0039] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the pulley includes an extension portion disposed on the outer side of the rope groove along the axial direction of the pulley body and extending radially outward of the pulley body.

[0040] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the drive mechanism includes:

[0041] A drive shaft is configured to output power to the pulley. The pulley body has a first mounting groove extending radially along the pulley body. An end of the drive shaft engages with a first end of the extending direction of the first mounting groove and is spaced from a second end of the extending direction of the first mounting groove.

[0042] A clamping component is configured to fill the space outside the drive shaft in the first mounting slot and clamp the drive shaft into the first mounting slot.

[0043] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the end of the drive shaft has a first mounting surface parallel to the axial direction of the drive shaft, and the clamping component includes a clamping block that clamps against the first mounting surface to clamp the drive shaft into the first mounting groove.

[0044] According to some embodiments of this disclosure

[0045] The groove wall at the second end of the extension direction of the first mounting groove is semi-circular, and the clamping component includes a semi-circular block with a semi-circular axial cross section. The circumferential arc surface of the semi-circular block mates with the groove wall at the second end of the extension direction of the first mounting groove. The semi-circular block has a second mounting surface extending radially along itself.

[0046] The clamping block is inserted into the space between the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface to clamp the drive shaft.

[0047] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the clamping block includes a clamping block body and a protrusion. The clamping block body has a mating end and a free end distributed along the axial direction of the pulley. The mating end is configured to press the drive shaft into the first mounting groove. The protrusion is disposed at the free end and protrudes radially toward the pulley.

[0048] For the crane provided in this disclosure, the wind speed sensor can move under the drive of the drive mechanism. During the movement, the wind speed sensor can continuously acquire the wind speed at different positions along the height of the crane. Compared with the wind speed measurement method where the wind speed sensor is fixed, the wind speed information acquired by the wind force measurement device is more comprehensive, accurate, and closer to the actual situation, and fewer wind speed sensors are needed to meet the measurement requirements. The aforementioned wind speed information can provide an accurate basis for wind load calculation of the boom in harsh environments with strong winds, enabling the crane equipment to adapt to the operating requirements in harsh environments.

[0049] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0050] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this disclosure and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of this disclosure and are used to explain this disclosure, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this disclosure. In the drawings:

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a crane according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0052] Figure 2 and Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the wind power measurement device and drive mechanism of the crane along direction A.

[0053] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the drive mechanism of some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0054] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pulley structure of some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0055] Figure 6 for Figure 4 The diagram shows a radial cross-sectional view of the pulley.

[0056] Figure 7 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the pulley in its engagement with the drive shaft and clamping components.

[0057] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows the pulley, drive shaft, and clamping components from another perspective.

[0058] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rope groove in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0059] Figure 10 for Figure 9 The diagram shows a side view of the rope groove structure.

[0060] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the assembly principle of the drive rope of the drive mechanism in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0061] Figures 1 to 11 In the figures, the labels represent:

[0062] 1. Vehicle body; 11. Running gear; 12. Turntable; 13. Operator's cab;

[0063] 2. Wind force measurement device; 21. Wind direction sensor; 21A. First wind direction sensor; 21B. Second wind direction sensor; 22. Wind speed sensor; 23. Limit switch; 23A. First limit switch; 23B. Second limit switch;

[0064] 3. Drive mechanism; 31. Pulley; 31A. First pulley; 31B. Second pulley; 311. Wheel body; 312. Rope groove; 313. Extension part; 32. Transmission rope; 33. Transmission shaft; 34. Clamping component; 341. Clamping block; 342. Semicircular block; 35. Motor; 36. Mounting base; G1. First mounting groove; G2. Second mounting groove;

[0065] 4. Boom;

[0066] 51. Luffing mechanism; 52. Mast; 53. Luffing cable;

[0067] 6. Lifting hook;

[0068] 71. Lifting winch mechanism; 72. Lifting wire rope. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this disclosure or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0070] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this disclosure. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0071] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0072] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0073] refer to Figures 1 to 11 Some embodiments of this disclosure provide a crane, including a body 1, a boom 4, a wind speed measuring device 2, and a drive mechanism 3. The boom 4 is movably mounted on the body 1. The wind speed measuring device 2 includes a wind speed sensor 22, which is configured to acquire wind speed information of the boom 4. The drive mechanism 3 is drivenly connected to the wind speed sensor 22 and configured to drive the wind speed sensor 22 to move, so that the wind speed sensor 22 can acquire wind speed information at different sampling points along the height direction of the crane.

[0074] In the description of this disclosure, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "top", "bottom", "upper", and "lower" are based on the crane body 1.

[0075] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 The vehicle body 1 includes a traveling mechanism 11, a turntable 12, and an operator's cab 13. The turntable 12 is rotatably mounted on the traveling mechanism 11 around a vertical axis, and the operator's cab 13 is located on the turntable 12. One end of the boom 4 is movably connected to the turntable 12. The crane includes a luffing mechanism 51, a mast 52, a luffing cable 53, a hook 6, a hoisting winch mechanism 71, and a hoisting wire rope 72. The mast 52 is movably connected to the turntable 12, and the two ends of the luffing cable 53 are respectively connected to the mast 52 and the boom 4. The luffing mechanism 51 drives the boom 4 to luff through the mast 52 and the luffing cable 53. The hook 6 is suspended at the top of the boom 4, the lifting winch mechanism 71 is located at the bottom of the boom 4, one end of the lifting wire rope 72 is wound around the lifting winch mechanism 71, and the other end passes over the pulley block at the top of the boom 4 and is wound around the pulley block of the hook 6, so as to drive the hook to rise or fall.

[0076] The drive mechanism drives the wind speed sensor to move. This can be done by moving the wind speed sensor up and down, along the length of the boom, or along the length of the luffing cable, as long as the wind speed sensor can collect wind speed data at different positions along the height of the crane.

[0077] For the crane provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, the wind speed sensor can move under the drive of the drive mechanism. During the movement, the wind speed sensor can continuously acquire the wind speed at different positions along the height direction of the crane. Compared with the wind speed measurement method where the wind speed sensor is fixed, the wind speed information acquired by the wind force measurement device is more comprehensive, accurate, and closer to the actual situation, and fewer wind speed sensors are needed to meet the measurement requirements. The aforementioned wind speed information can provide an accurate basis for wind load calculation of the boom in harsh environments with strong winds, enabling the crane equipment to adapt to the operational needs of harsh environments.

[0078] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The wind measurement device 2 includes two measuring parts disposed on the left and right sides of the boom 4, and each measuring part includes at least one wind speed sensor 22.

[0079] In the above embodiments, the wind measurement device can be equipped with movable wind speed sensors on both the left and right sides of the boom. For the wind speed at the sampling point at the same height, the measurement results of the wind speed sensors of the two measurement units can be compared and calibrated with each other, which is conducive to obtaining more accurate wind speed information.

[0080] In some embodiments, the drive mechanism 3 is configured to drive the wind speed sensor 22 of one measuring unit to move upward while the wind speed sensor 22 of the other measuring unit moves downward.

[0081] Based on the driving method of the wind speed sensor described above, for the wind speed at the same sampling point at the same height, the wind speed sensors of the two measuring units can measure the wind speed at the sampling point in the upward and downward states respectively, which helps to offset the measurement error caused by the movement of the wind speed sensor.

[0082] In some embodiments, the wind speed measuring device 2 includes a limit switch 23, which is disposed on the moving path of the wind speed sensor 22 and triggered by the moving action of the wind speed sensor 22. The crane includes a controller, which is signal-connected to the limit switch 23 and configured to move the wind speed sensors 22 of both measuring units in opposite directions in response to the trigger signal of the limit switch 23.

[0083] Limit switches can be set at both ends of the movement path of the wind speed sensor so that the wind speed sensors of the two measuring units can move back and forth on the movement path.

[0084] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 The limit switch 23 includes a first limit switch 23A and a second limit switch 23B. The first limit switch 23A is located at the top of the movement path of the wind speed sensor 22, and the second limit switch 23B is located at the bottom of the movement path of the wind speed sensor 22. Each measuring unit includes multiple wind speed sensors 22 evenly distributed from top to bottom. The wind speed sensor 22 at the top of one measuring unit triggers the state of the first limit switch 23A, while the wind speed sensor 22 at the bottom of another measuring unit triggers the state of the second limit switch 23B.

[0085] Optionally, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 Each measuring unit includes two wind speed sensors 22, wherein the lower wind speed sensor 22 is used to dynamically measure sampling points within the height range H1, and the upper wind speed sensor 22 is used to dynamically measure sampling points within the height range H2.

[0086] Optionally, refer to Figures 1 to 3 The first limit switch 23A is located at the top of the boom 4, and the second limit switch 23B is located at the top of the mast 52. Of course, in some embodiments not shown, the second limit switch 23B may also be located at the bottom of the boom 4.

[0087] In some embodiments, multiple wind speed sensors 22 in each measuring unit may be moved synchronously.

[0088] Considering that the boom is usually quite long and the height difference between the boom tip and the vehicle body is large, multiple wind speed sensors are installed in each measuring unit. This can reduce the moving distance of each wind speed sensor. For construction environments with variable wind speed and direction, the wind measurement device in the above embodiment can reduce the impact of excessive moving distance of a single wind speed sensor on the accuracy of wind speed measurement.

[0089] Furthermore, multiple evenly distributed wind speed sensors can divide multiple corresponding equal height intervals. When the wind speed sensor at the top of one of the measuring units triggers the first limit switch, multiple wind speed sensors in that measuring unit move downwards. At the same time, the wind speed sensor at the bottom of another measuring unit triggers the second limit switch, causing multiple wind speed sensors in that measuring unit to move upwards. After each of the multiple wind speed sensors moves upwards or downwards by one height interval, the wind speed information of the entire boom can be obtained.

[0090] In some embodiments, the wind measurement device 2 includes a wind direction sensor 21, which is configured to acquire the wind direction at its location as wind direction information of the boom 4. The wind direction sensor 21 includes a first wind direction sensor 21A and a second wind direction sensor 21B. The first wind direction sensor 21A is disposed at the top of the moving path of the wind speed sensor 22, and the second wind direction sensor 21B is disposed at the bottom of the moving path of the wind speed sensor 22.

[0091] Optionally, refer to Figures 1 to 3 The first wind direction sensor 21A is disposed at the top of the boom 4, and the second wind direction sensor 21B is disposed at the top of the mast 52. Of course, in some embodiments not shown, the second wind direction sensor 21B may also be disposed at the bottom of the boom 4.

[0092] The wind direction information acquired by the first and second wind direction sensors can also be compared and referenced with each other to further improve the accuracy of wind load calculation results. Of course, the wind measurement device can also include more wind direction sensors positioned along the movement path of the wind speed sensor.

[0093] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The wind measurement device 2 includes a combination of the wind speed sensor 22, the wind direction sensor 21 and the limit switch 23.

[0094] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The wind measurement device 2 includes a wind direction sensor 21, which is configured to acquire the wind direction at its location as wind direction information for the boom 4. The crane includes a controller, which is signal-connected to the wind direction sensor 21 and multiple wind speed sensors 22. The controller is configured to acquire the wind load borne by the boom 4 based on the wind direction and wind speed information, and acquire corresponding lifting performance parameters based on the wind load. The lifting performance parameters include at least one of the following: the boom length, radius, and rated lifting capacity of the crane.

[0095] The wind direction sensor and wind speed sensor settings in the above embodiments fully take into account the actual situation that wind speed changes with the height above the ground during crane operation, especially when the crane is operating in the western mountainous areas, where it is difficult to obtain wind information, wind speed changes unpredictably, the time when the wind speed is suitable for construction is short, and the construction in high mountain areas is difficult.

[0096] Based on this sensor setup, the crane can not only obtain the wind direction and speed at the boom's working position, but also obtain the wind direction and speed at different positions along the boom's length in real time, i.e., the wind direction and speed at different heights on the boom. The obtained data is more comprehensive and can more accurately reflect the load on the boom.

[0097] Cranes designed according to current general standards must comply with the maximum permissible wind speed specified in the operating condition table. When the wind force exceeds level 5, the crane must not be operated and the boom must be lowered.

[0098] Although the western mountainous areas are the best locations for wind turbine construction, statistics show that some high-altitude areas are windy all year round, with wind speeds often exceeding 9.8 m / s. The harsh conditions for wind turbine hoisting restrict the use of cranes, reduce the uptime of crane equipment, and seriously affect construction efficiency and progress.

[0099] Standard cranes typically calculate their performance parameters based on the worst-case scenario principle. This method directly assumes a constant wind speed acting on the entire boom and substitutes the maximum permissible wind speed of 9.8 m / s to obtain the crane's lifting performance table. While this method ensures safe crane operation, an excessively high safety factor can easily lead to a waste of equipment resources.

[0100] Compared to traditional cranes, the crane with the above-mentioned sensor setting method in this disclosure can use the wind conditions of the actual working environment as boundary conditions to calculate lifting performance parameters, which is conducive to expanding the application range of crane products and improving the uptime of crane equipment.

[0101] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to obtain wind load based on the following relationship:

[0102] F X =A1KV 2 X1 C f +A2KV 2 X2 C f + …… +A i KV 2 Xi C f + …… +A n KV 2 Xn C f ;

[0103] F Y =A1KV 2 Y1 C f +A2KV 2 Y2 C f + …… +A i KV 2 Yi C f + …… +An KV 2 Yn C f ;

[0104] Among them, A i This represents the effective windward area of ​​boom 4 between the (i-1)th sampling point and the ith sampling point. When i=1, A i This represents the effective windward area of ​​boom 4 between the bottom of boom 4 and the first sampling point, where K is a parameter related to the air density of the crane's operating environment, and C... f The wind force coefficient represents the wind direction at the location of the wind direction sensor 21 along the boom 4, θ represents the angle between the wind direction at the location of the wind direction sensor 21 and the forward / backward direction of the crane, n represents the number of sampling points, and V i V represents the wind speed at the i-th sampling point. Xi =V i cosθ, V Yi =V i sinθ, F X F represents the component of wind load in the forward and backward directions of the crane. Y This indicates the component of wind load in the left and right directions of the crane.

[0105] The effective windward area mentioned above refers to the projected area of ​​the boom on a plane perpendicular to the wind direction.

[0106] The above method for calculating wind load can fully take into account the shape of the boom and the wind speed at different positions, thus making the calculated wind load and lifting performance parameters more accurate.

[0107] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The drive mechanism 3 includes a pulley 31 and a transmission rope 32. The transmission rope 32 is wound around the pulley 31, and the wind speed sensor 22 is mounted on the transmission rope 32. The drive mechanism 3 is configured to drive the transmission rope 32 to move via the pulley 31, thereby driving the wind speed sensor 22 to move.

[0108] The driving mechanism in the above embodiment includes a pulley mechanism. The rotation of the pulley can drive the transmission rope and the wind speed sensor to move, thus completing the dynamic measurement. By changing the rotation direction of the pulley, the movement direction of the transmission rope and the wind speed sensor can be changed.

[0109] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 By mounting multiple wind speed sensors 22 of each measuring unit onto the transmission rope 32, the multiple wind speed sensors 22 of each measuring unit mentioned above can be moved synchronously.

[0110] In some embodiments, reference Figures 1 to 3The pulley 31 includes a first pulley 31A and a second pulley 31B. At least one first pulley 31A is located at the top of the movement path of the wind speed sensor 22, and at least one second pulley 31B is located at the bottom of the movement path of the wind speed sensor 22. The transmission rope 32 is closed at both ends. The wind force measuring device 2 includes two measuring parts, each including at least one wind speed sensor 22. The wind speed sensor 22 of one measuring part is mounted on the transmission rope 32 located between the first pulley 31A and the second pulley 31B and on the left side of the boom 4. The wind speed sensor 22 of the other measuring part is mounted on the transmission rope 32 located between the first pulley 31A and the second pulley 31B and on the right side of the boom 4.

[0111] In the drive mechanism of the above structure, the number of first pulleys 31A and second pulleys 31B can be one or more, and multiple first pulleys 31A or second pulleys 31B can be arranged side by side in the horizontal direction.

[0112] Optionally, refer to Figure 4 The drive mechanism 3 includes a drive shaft 33, a motor 35, and a mounting base 36. The motor 35 is driven by a pulley 31 via the drive shaft 33 and is configured to drive the pulley 31 to rotate, thereby moving the drive rope 32. The pulley 31 and the corresponding motor 35 are mounted on the boom 4 or mast 52 via the mounting base 36. For example, Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, two first pulleys 31A arranged side by side are mounted on the top of the boom 4 via mounting base 36, and two second pulleys 31B arranged side by side are mounted on the top of the mast 52 via mounting base 36.

[0113] The following is combined Figures 1 to 3 This disclosure explains the wind speed measurement principle of a crane in some embodiments.

[0114] Motor 35 drives pulley 31 to rotate in a certain direction via transmission shaft 33. Under the action of friction, pulley 31 drives... Figure 2 and Figure 3 The two wind speed sensors 22 on the left side of the measuring unit move upwards and measure the wind speed in height ranges H1 and H2 respectively, while the pulley 31 drives... Figure 2 and Figure 3 The two wind speed sensors 22 on the right side of the measuring section move downwards and measure the wind speed in height ranges H1 and H2 respectively. When the upper wind speed sensor 22 in the left measuring section triggers the first limit switch 23A, the lower wind speed sensor 22 in the right measuring section simultaneously triggers the second limit switch 23B. The motor 35 drives the pulley 31 to rotate in the opposite direction via the transmission shaft 33. The pulley 31 drives... Figure 2 and Figure 3The two wind speed sensors 22 on the left side of the measuring unit move downwards and measure the wind speed in height ranges H1 and H2 respectively, while the pulley 31 drives... Figure 2 and Figure 3 The two wind speed sensors 22 on the right side of the measuring unit move upward and measure the wind speed in the height ranges H1 and H2 respectively. When the upper wind speed sensor 22 in the right measuring unit triggers the first limit switch 23A, the lower wind speed sensor 22 in the left measuring unit simultaneously triggers the second limit switch 23B. This measurement action is repeated, and wind speed information can be measured in real time.

[0115] In some embodiments, reference Figures 2 to 11 The transmission rope 32 is closed at both ends, and the pulley 31 includes a wheel body 311 and a rope groove 312. The rope groove 312 is detachably provided on the circumferential surface of the radially outer side of the wheel body 311, and the transmission rope 32 is fitted into the rope groove 312 so that the transmission rope 32 can move under the drive of the pulley 31.

[0116] Optionally, a second mounting groove G2 is provided on the radially outer circumferential surface of the wheel body 311. The second mounting groove G2 is recessed radially inward towards the wheel body 311, and the shape of the rope groove 312 is adapted to the groove wall of the second mounting groove G2 to facilitate the installation of the rope groove 312. For example, refer to Figure 10 On the radial section of pulley 31, the wall of the second mounting groove G2 is arc-shaped, the inner radial surface of the rope groove 312 is arc-shaped to match the wall of the second mounting groove G2, and the outer radial surface of the rope groove 312 is arc-shaped to match the contour of the transmission rope.

[0117] In the pulley of the above embodiment, the rope groove can increase the diameter of the axial surface of the pulley used for winding the transmission rope, as shown in the reference. Figure 11 The diameter can be increased from L3 to L4.

[0118] Therefore, by mounting rope grooves on the circumferential surface of the radially outer side of the pulley, tension can be applied to the closed transmission rope, thereby increasing the pressure of the transmission rope on the pulley and the friction between the transmission rope and the pulley. This reduces the risk of transmission rope slippage, makes the measurement results of the wind speed sensor mounted on the transmission rope more reliable, and also reduces wear on the pulley and transmission rope. To enable the transmission rope to obtain different levels of tension, the pulley 31 may optionally include multiple sets of rope grooves 312 of different specifications that can be selectively mounted on the pulley body 311. Each set of rope grooves 312 includes at least one rope groove 312, allowing the diameter L4 to have different values.

[0119] In some embodiments, reference Figures 9 to 11 The pulley 31 includes multiple separately arranged rope grooves 312.

[0120] For example, each pulley 31 may include two separately arranged semi-circular rope grooves 312, which together cover the entire circumferential surface of the pulley body 311. Of course, the number of rope grooves 312 can also be greater.

[0121] refer to Figure 11 One or more rope grooves 312 can be first fitted onto the circumferential surface of the wheel body 311 where the transmission rope 32 is not wound. Then, the wheel body 311 is rotated so that the transmission rope engages with the portion of the wheel body 311 fitted with the rope grooves 312. The remaining rope grooves 312 can then be fitted onto the wheel body 311 in the same manner. The process of removing the rope grooves 312 is the reverse of the process of assembling them.

[0122] Therefore, the separate design of the rope groove facilitates the assembly and replacement of the rope groove, and the transmission rope can be tensioned during the assembly process.

[0123] In some embodiments, reference Figures 5 to 8 The pulley 31 includes an extension 313, which is disposed on the outer side of the rope groove 312 along the axial direction of the wheel body 311 and extends radially outward from the wheel body 311.

[0124] By setting an extension, the extension can be formed with the circumferential surface of the outer radial side of the wheel body, which can form a shield and protection on the outer radial side of the wheel body, further reducing the risk of the transmission rope detaching from the circumferential surface of the pulley. Even without the rope stop device, the pulley and transmission rope can move stably and reliably, so that the wind speed sensor can accurately and reliably collect wind speed information under the drive of the transmission rope.

[0125] In some embodiments, reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 The drive mechanism 3 includes a drive shaft 33 and a clamping member 34. The drive shaft 33 is configured to output power to a pulley 31. A first mounting groove G1 is provided on the pulley body 311, extending radially along the pulley body 311. The end of the drive shaft 33 mates with a first end of the first mounting groove G1 in the extending direction and is spaced apart from a second end of the first mounting groove G1 in the extending direction. The clamping member 34 is configured to fill the space outside the drive shaft 33 in the first mounting groove G1 and clamp the drive shaft 33 within the first mounting groove G1.

[0126] The clamping component 34 is typically removable, see reference. Figure 11 When the clamping component 34 is not assembled, the pulleys 31 are movably mounted relative to the drive shaft 33, and the center distance between the pulleys 31 is adjustable between L1 and L2, which facilitates the installation of the drive rope 32 with closed ends. When the clamping component 34 fills the gap and clamps the drive shaft 33, the center distance between the pulleys 31 can be maintained at L2, which can tension the drive rope 32.

[0127] Setting up clamping components can reduce the adverse effects of the assembly gap between the drive shaft and the wheel on the smoothness of transmission, reduce the risk of slippage and wobbling of the wheel relative to the drive shaft, thereby making the rotation of the pulley and the movement of the transmission rope smoother, and thus making the measurement results of the wind speed sensor installed on the transmission rope more reliable.

[0128] In some embodiments, the end of the drive shaft 33 has a first mounting surface parallel to the axial direction of the drive shaft 33, and the clamping component includes a clamping block 341, which clamps against the first mounting surface to clamp the drive shaft 33 into the first mounting groove G1.

[0129] Optionally, considering that the drive shaft of the motor can be a semi-circular shaft, the first mounting surface is the radial section of the drive shaft 33. The clamping block can be a wedge-shaped block or a more easily machined stepped block to achieve adjustment of the clamping force.

[0130] In some embodiments, the groove wall at the second end of the first mounting groove G1 in the extending direction is semi-circular, and the clamping member 34 includes a semi-circular block 342 with a semi-circular axial cross-section. The circumferential arc surface of the semi-circular block 342 mates with the groove wall at the second end of the first mounting groove G1 in the extending direction. The semi-circular block 342 has a second mounting surface extending radially thereafter. The clamping block 341 is inserted into the space between the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface to clamp the drive shaft 33.

[0131] Optionally, the wedge surface of the wedge block maintains contact with the second mounting surface, or the stepped surface of the stepped block maintains contact with the second mounting surface. Based on the assembly method of the above embodiment, the radial plane of the semicircular block achieves surface contact with the clamping block, and the circumferential arc surface of the semicircular block achieves surface contact with the mounting groove. The circumferential arc surface of the semicircular block can increase the contact area with the first mounting groove, further increasing the reliability of the transmission. Furthermore, the semicircular block can be used as a consumable part; even if the clamping force provided by the clamping block is large, the wear on the wheel body is small, resulting in low replacement costs.

[0132] In some embodiments, reference Figure 8 The clamping block 341 includes a clamping block body and a protrusion. The clamping block body has a mating end and a free end distributed along the axial direction of the pulley 31. The mating end is configured to press the drive shaft 33 into the first mounting groove G1. The protrusion is provided at the free end and protrudes radially toward the pulley 31.

[0133] The clamping block in the above embodiment includes a protrusion for easy disassembly using tools. Alternatively, the clamping block in the above embodiment can be replaced with a hook-head wedge key.

[0134] In some embodiments, the controller described above may be implemented as a general-purpose processor, a programmable logic controller (PLC), a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, or any suitable combination thereof for performing the functions described herein.

[0135] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure and not to limit them; although this disclosure has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of this disclosure or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features, all of which should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A crane, characterized in that, include: Vehicle body (1); The boom (4) is movably mounted on the vehicle body (1); The wind measurement device (2) includes a wind speed sensor (22) configured to acquire wind speed information of the boom (4); and The drive mechanism (3) is driven and connected to the wind speed sensor (22) and configured to drive the wind speed sensor (22) to move so that the wind speed sensor (22) can acquire the wind speed at different sampling points along the height direction of the crane as the wind speed information; The wind force measuring device (2) includes two measuring parts disposed on the left and right sides of the boom (4), each measuring part including at least one wind speed sensor (22), and the driving mechanism (3) is configured to drive the wind speed sensor (22) of one of the measuring parts to move upward while the wind speed sensor (22) of the other measuring part moves downward.

2. The crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind force measuring device (2) includes a limit switch (23), which is located on the moving path of the wind speed sensor (22) and is triggered by the moving action of the wind speed sensor (22). The crane includes a controller that is signal-connected to the limit switch (23) and configured to, in response to a trigger signal from the limit switch (23), cause the wind speed sensors (22) of the two measuring units to move in opposite directions.

3. The crane according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limit switch (23) includes a first limit switch (23A) and a second limit switch (23B). The first limit switch (23A) is located at the top of the moving path of the wind speed sensor (22), and the second limit switch (23B) is located at the bottom of the moving path of the wind speed sensor (22). Each of the measuring units includes a plurality of wind speed sensors (22) evenly distributed from top to bottom. The wind speed sensor (22) at the top of one of the measuring units triggers the first limit switch (23A), while the wind speed sensor (22) at the bottom of another measuring unit triggers the second limit switch (23B).

4. The crane according to claim 3, characterized in that, The multiple wind speed sensors (22) of each of the measuring units can be moved synchronously.

5. The crane according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The wind measurement device (2) includes a wind direction sensor (21), which is configured to obtain the wind direction at its location as the wind direction information of the boom (4). The wind direction sensor (21) includes a first wind direction sensor (21A) and a second wind direction sensor (21B). The first wind direction sensor (21A) is located at the top of the moving path of the wind speed sensor (22), and the second wind direction sensor (21B) is located at the bottom of the moving path of the wind speed sensor (22).

6. The crane according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The wind measurement device (2) includes a wind direction sensor (21), which is configured to acquire the wind direction at its location as the wind direction information of the boom (4); The crane includes a controller that is signal-connected to the wind direction sensor (21) and a plurality of wind speed sensors (22). The controller is configured to obtain the wind load borne by the boom (4) based on the wind direction information and the wind speed information, and to obtain the corresponding lifting performance parameters based on the wind load. The lifting performance parameters include at least one of the following: the boom length, radius, and rated lifting capacity of the crane.

7. The crane according to claim 6, characterized in that, The controller is configured to obtain the wind load according to the following relationship: F X =A1KV 2 X1 C f +A2KV 2 X2 C f + …… +A i KV 2 Xi C f + …… +A n KV 2 Xn C f ; F Y =A1KV 2 Y1 C f +A2KV 2 Y2 C f + …… +A i KV 2 Yi C f + …… +A n KV 2 Yn C f ; Among them, A i A represents the effective windward area of ​​the boom (4) between the (i-1)th sampling point and the ith sampling point, where A = 1. i The effective windward area of ​​the boom (4) between the bottom end of the boom (4) and the first sampling point is represented by K, which is a parameter related to the air density of the crane's operating environment, and C. f The wind force coefficient represents the wind direction along the location of the wind direction sensor (21) on the boom (4), θ represents the angle between the wind direction at the location of the wind direction sensor (21) and the front-rear direction of the crane, n represents the number of sampling points, and V i V represents the wind speed at the i-th sampling point. Xi =V i cosθ, V Yi =V i sinθ, F X F represents the component of the wind load in the longitudinal direction of the crane. Y This indicates the component of the wind load in the left-right direction of the crane.

8. The crane according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (3) includes: Pulley (31); and A drive rope (32) is wound around the pulley (31), and the wind speed sensor (22) is mounted on the drive rope (32). The drive mechanism (3) is configured to drive the drive rope (32) to move via the pulley (31) in order to drive the wind speed sensor (22) to move.

9. The crane according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pulley (31) includes a first pulley (31A) and a second pulley (31B), at least one of the first pulleys (31A) is disposed at the top of the moving path of the wind speed sensor (22), and at least one of the second pulleys (31B) is disposed at the bottom of the moving path of the wind speed sensor (22). The transmission rope (32) is closed at both ends. The wind force measuring device (2) includes two measuring parts. Each measuring part includes at least one wind speed sensor (22). The wind speed sensor (22) of one measuring part is installed on the transmission rope (32) located between the first pulley (31A) and the second pulley (31B) and on the left side of the boom (4). The wind speed sensor (22) of the other measuring part is installed on the transmission rope (32) located between the first pulley (31A) and the second pulley (31B) and on the right side of the boom (4).

10. The crane according to claim 8, characterized in that, The transmission rope (32) is closed at both ends, and the pulley (31) includes: Wheel body (311); and The rope groove (312) is detachably disposed on the circumferential surface of the radially outer side of the wheel body (311), and the transmission rope (32) is fitted into the rope groove (312) so that the transmission rope (32) can move under the drive of the pulley (31).

11. The crane according to claim 10, characterized in that, The pulley (31) includes multiple separately arranged rope grooves (312).

12. The crane according to claim 10, characterized in that, The pulley (31) includes an extension (313) which is disposed on the outer side of the rope groove (312) along the axial direction of the wheel body (311) and extends radially outward from the wheel body (311).

13. The crane according to claim 10, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (3) includes: A drive shaft (33) is configured to output power to the pulley (31). The pulley body (311) has a first mounting groove (G1) extending radially along the pulley body (311). The end of the drive shaft (33) engages with a first end of the first mounting groove (G1) in its extending direction and is spaced from a second end of the first mounting groove (G1) in its extending direction. The clamping component (34) is configured to fill the space outside the drive shaft (33) of the first mounting groove (G1) and clamp the drive shaft (33) into the first mounting groove (G1).

14. The crane according to claim 13, characterized in that, The end of the drive shaft (33) has a first mounting surface parallel to the axial direction of the drive shaft (33), and the clamping component includes a clamping block (341), which clamps against the first mounting surface to clamp the drive shaft (33) into the first mounting groove (G1).

15. The crane according to claim 14, characterized in that, The groove wall at the second end of the extension direction of the first mounting groove (G1) is semi-circular, and the clamping component (34) includes a semi-circular block (342) with a semi-circular axial cross section. The circumferential arc surface of the semi-circular block (342) mates with the groove wall at the second end of the extension direction of the first mounting groove (G1). The semi-circular block (342) has a second mounting surface extending radially along itself. The clamping block (341) is inserted into the space between the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface to clamp the drive shaft (33).

16. The crane according to claim 14, characterized in that, The clamping block (341) includes a clamping block body and a protrusion. The clamping block body has a mating end and a free end distributed along the axial direction of the pulley (31). The mating end is configured to press the drive shaft (33) into the first mounting groove (G1). The protrusion is disposed at the free end and protrudes radially toward the pulley (31).

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