An aluminum-plastic separating agent and a method for recycling waste aluminum-plastic composite using the same

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of separating agent, and relates to an aluminum-plastic separating agent and a method for recycling waste aluminum-plastic composite by using the separating agent. The addition of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether can cause the breaking of bubbles in the aluminum-plastic separation process, and after being distributed on the surface of the bubbles, the hydrophobic end of the quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant is attracted, so that the hydrophobic end becomes hydrophilic and enters the water phase, thereby achieving the effect of defoaming. Meanwhile, the ether bond in the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is not easy to be destroyed by acid and alkali, has high stability, is easy to biodegrade, and will not cause additional pollution. Under the adsorption bridging and adsorption electric neutralization of the quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant, the dye molecules can be destabilized and separated from water, so that the decolorization effect on the dye molecules on the surface of the plastic is achieved, and the impurity content on the surface of the aluminum-plastic after separation is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of separating agent technology, and relates to an aluminum-plastic separating agent and a method for recycling waste aluminum-plastic composites using the separating agent. Background Technology

[0002] With my country's rapid economic development and accelerating industrialization and urbanization, resource consumption has increased year by year, leading to growing environmental pressures and resource bottlenecks. In recent years, the consumption of paper-plastic-aluminum composite packaging has gradually increased, and its proportion in urban solid waste has become increasingly larger.

[0003] Because paper-plastic-aluminum composite packaging is still mixed in with household waste, it is difficult to classify and recycle it separately. As a result, a complete waste classification mechanism has not yet been established in China. The raw materials of paper-plastic-aluminum are long-fiber pulp, polyethylene and high-quality aluminum foil. After one use, it has good recycling value. At present, the aluminum-plastic separation stage in the recycling process often uses the softening agent method for separation. However, the aluminum-plastic separation agent currently used has the disadvantages of long separation time and relatively single function, which makes the aluminum-plastic separation efficiency low and the separation effect does not meet the requirements of large-scale industrial recycling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology by proposing an environmentally friendly, efficient, and multifunctional aluminum-plastic separator.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: an aluminum-plastic separator, wherein the aluminum-plastic separator comprises the following raw materials in the indicated mass fractions: 50-80 parts sodium bicarbonate, 15-18 parts sodium percarbonate, 20-30 parts ethanol, 8-10 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5-8 parts bleaching agent, 0.05-0.1 parts quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant, and 100-150 parts water.

[0006] The addition of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether in this invention causes bubble collapse during aluminum-plastic separation. After distributing on the bubble surface, it attracts the hydrophobic end of the quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant, making it hydrophilic and allowing it to enter the aqueous phase, thus achieving a defoaming effect. Simultaneously, the ether bonds in the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether are not easily destroyed by acids or alkalis, exhibiting high stability.

[0007] In one of the aluminum-plastic separators mentioned above, the pH value of the aluminum-plastic separator is 7.5-8.

[0008] In one of the aluminum-plastic separators mentioned above, the bleaching agent is sodium perborate.

[0009] In the aforementioned aluminum-plastic separator, the carbonate is sodium bicarbonate.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for recycling waste aluminum-plastic composites, including the above-mentioned aluminum-plastic separator.

[0011] In the above-mentioned method for recycling waste aluminum-plastic composites, the method includes the following steps: adding an aluminum-plastic separator to the waste aluminum-plastic composites and stirring them evenly, and finally centrifuging them.

[0012] In the above-mentioned method for recycling waste aluminum-plastic composites, the mass ratio of waste aluminum-plastic composites to aluminum-plastic separator is (3-5):1.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following beneficial effects: The addition of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether in this invention causes bubble collapse during the aluminum-plastic separation process. After distributing on the bubble surface, it attracts the hydrophobic end of the quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant, making it hydrophilic and allowing it to enter the aqueous phase, thus achieving a defoaming effect. Simultaneously, the ether bonds in the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether are not easily destroyed by acids or alkalis, exhibiting high stability and easy biodegradability, without causing additional pollution. This invention utilizes the quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant, through adsorption bridging and adsorption charge neutralization, to destabilize dye molecules and separate them from water, thereby achieving a decolorizing effect on the dye molecules on the plastic surface and significantly reducing the impurity content on the separated aluminum-plastic surface. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0015] Example 1:

[0016] The separating agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts sodium bicarbonate, 16 parts sodium percarbonate, 25 parts ethanol, 8 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 6 parts sodium perborate, 0.08 parts quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant, and 120 parts water.

[0017] Example 2:

[0018] The separating agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts sodium bicarbonate, 15 parts sodium percarbonate, 20 parts ethanol, 8 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5 parts sodium perborate, 0.05 parts quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant, and 100 parts water.

[0019] Example 3:

[0020] The separating agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts sodium bicarbonate, 18 parts sodium percarbonate, 30 parts ethanol, 10 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 8 parts sodium perborate, 0.1 parts quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant, and 150 parts water.

[0021] Comparative Example 1:

[0022] The only difference from Example 1 is that sodium percarbonate was not added.

[0023] Comparative Example 2:

[0024] The only difference from Example 1 is that fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether was not added.

[0025] Comparative Example 3:

[0026] The only difference from Example 1 is that no quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant was added.

[0027] Comparative Example 4:

[0028] The only difference from Example 1 is that the amount of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether added is 3 parts.

[0029] Comparative Example 5:

[0030] The only difference from Example 1 is that the amount of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether added is 15 parts.

[0031] 480 kg of waste aluminum-plastic composite was preheated at 120°C for 5 hours, and then aluminum-plastic separating agents from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were added at a mass ratio of 4:1 and stirred evenly. Finally, the mixture was centrifuged and crushed.

[0032] Table 1: Aluminum-plastic separation results of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5

[0033]

[0034] In summary, the addition of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether in this invention causes bubble collapse during the aluminum-plastic separation process. After distributing on the bubble surface, it attracts the hydrophobic end of the quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant, making it hydrophilic and allowing it to enter the aqueous phase, thus achieving a defoaming effect. Simultaneously, the ether bonds in the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether are not easily destroyed by acids or alkalis, exhibiting high stability and easy biodegradability without causing additional pollution. This invention utilizes the adsorption bridging and adsorption charge neutralization effects of the quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant to destabilize dye molecules and separate them from water, thereby achieving a decolorization effect on the dye molecules on the plastic surface and significantly reducing the impurity content on the separated aluminum-plastic surface.

[0035] The embodiments described herein cover any points not exhaustively within the scope of the technical claims of this invention, as well as new technical solutions formed by equivalent substitutions of one or more technical features in the embodiments. These are all within the scope of the claims of this invention. Furthermore, in all listed or unlisted embodiments of this invention, each parameter in the same embodiment merely represents an instance (i.e., a feasible solution) of its technical solution, and there is no strict coordination or limitation relationship between the parameters. The parameters can be substituted for each other without violating axioms and the claims of this invention, unless otherwise stated.

[0036] The technical means disclosed in this invention are not limited to those described above, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features. The above descriptions are specific embodiments of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0037] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An aluminum-plastic separator, characterized in that, The aluminum-plastic separator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-80 parts sodium bicarbonate, 15-18 parts sodium percarbonate, 20-30 parts ethanol, 8-10 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5-8 parts sodium perborate, 0.05-0.1 parts quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant, and 100-150 parts water.

2. The aluminum-plastic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pH of the aluminum-plastic separator is 7.5-8.

3. A method for recycling waste aluminum-plastic composites, characterized in that, Includes the aluminum-plastic separator as described in claim 1.

4. The method for recycling waste aluminum-plastic composites according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: adding an aluminum-plastic separator to the waste aluminum-plastic composite and stirring it evenly, and finally centrifuging it.

5. A method for recycling waste aluminum-plastic composites according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mass ratio of waste aluminum-plastic composite to aluminum-plastic separator is (3-5):1.

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