An insulating grid for an electrolytic cell and an electrolytic cell

Abstract

The application discloses an insulating spacer for an electrolytic cell, characterized in that: the insulating spacer (4, 4') is used for separating between adjacent diaphragms (2) and electrode sheets (3), the side of the insulating spacer (4, 4') is provided with scraping parts (410, 410') capable of rubbing contact with the adjacent diaphragms (2) or electrode sheets (3); or the insulating spacer (4, 4') is used for separating between two electrode sheets (3), the side of the insulating spacer (4, 4') is provided with scraping parts (410, 410') capable of rubbing contact with the adjacent electrode sheets (3). The application further discloses an electrolytic cell provided with the insulating spacer. Compared with the prior art, the insulating spacer can realize the scraping and scale removing functions, and can improve the turbulence effect, so as to accelerate exhaust, inhibit scale deposition and accelerate ion transfer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrolysis equipment technology, specifically to an insulating mesh for an electrolytic cell and an electrolytic cell. Background Technology

[0002] An electrolytic cell consists of a cell body, an anode, and a cathode. Most electrolytic cells use an ion-exchange membrane (also called a diaphragm) to separate the anode and cathode chambers. Based on the type of electrolyte, they are classified into three categories: aqueous solution electrolytic cells, molten salt electrolytic cells, and non-aqueous solution electrolytic cells. When direct current passes through the electrolytic cell, an oxidation reaction occurs at the anode-solution interface, and a reduction reaction occurs at the cathode-solution interface, thus producing electrolyzed water.

[0003] For example, the Chinese invention patent with patent application number CN201810264395.4 (publication number CN108609693A) entitled "A Method for Preparing Acidic Water and Alkaline Water" uses the electrolysis of brine to form cations and anions, which move towards the two electrodes of the electrolysis. Hydrogen ions and highly reactive chlorine gas are generated from the anode. The chlorine gas dissolves in water to form hypochlorous acid and hydrochloric acid solutions as acidic water. Hydroxide ions and hydrogen gas are generated from the cathode to form sodium hydroxide solution as alkaline water.

[0004] The existing water electrolysis process has the following problems:

[0005] First, ion exchange membranes are unique polymer membranes containing ionic groups that selectively allow cations or anions in a solution to pass through. They have a certain degree of flexibility and, over time, can deform under the influence of air and water pressure, or even come into contact with the electrode plates and cause dry burning, affecting the water output and the lifespan of the electrolyzer. These problems are even more serious in small electrolyzers.

[0006] Secondly, during the electrolysis process, a large number of bubbles are generated on the anode and cathode plates. These bubbles accumulate on the electrode plates, ion exchange membranes, and water channels in the electrolytic cell, resulting in high voltage requirements and high energy consumption for the electrolysis system. They also reduce the effective electrolysis area, decrease the electrolysis reaction efficiency, lead to low pH of the effluent, and obstruct the smooth flow of water channels, making the pH value and voltage extremely unstable. The gas pressure will also exacerbate the deformation of the intermediate ion exchange membrane, especially in small electrolytic cells where the above problems are more serious.

[0007] Third, during electrolysis, the OH- generated at the cathode (negative electrode) - It will react with Ca in the water 2+ Mg 2+ The reaction produces scale, which deposits on the cathode and ion exchange membrane, affecting the electrolysis effect and the lifespan of the electrolytic cell.

[0008] Fourth, during electrolysis, ions need to pass through the ion exchange membrane from the anode chamber to the cathode chamber before the entire electrolysis reaction can proceed. However, during the electrolysis reaction, ions and products tend to accumulate around the electrode plates, which is not conducive to the diffusion and transfer of ions and the uniformity of products, thus affecting the electrolysis efficiency and pH stability.

[0009] In addition, the Chinese invention patent "Electrolyte Manufacturing Apparatus and Electrolyte Manufacturing Method" with patent application number CN202080012097.1 (publication number CN113474492A) discloses that a mesh is set between the diaphragm and the electrode plate to separate the diaphragm and the electrode plate, so as to avoid the diaphragm contacting the electrode plate and causing dry burning. Although the water flow can form local micro-turbulence in the process of passing through the mesh, its turbulence effect is limited and it cannot effectively accelerate the exhaust, inhibit scale deposition, accelerate ion transfer, and treat the already deposited scale. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an insulating mesh for electrolytic cells that can achieve the function of scraping and descaling, in view of the current state of the prior art.

[0011] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an insulating mesh for an electrolytic cell that can improve the turbulence effect and thus accelerate exhaust.

[0012] The third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an insulating mesh for an electrolytic cell that can improve the turbulence effect and thus suppress scale deposition.

[0013] The fourth technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an insulating mesh for an electrolytic cell that can improve the turbulence effect and thus accelerate ion transfer.

[0014] The fifth technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrolytic cell that can achieve the function of scraping and descaling.

[0015] The sixth technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrolytic cell that can improve the turbulence effect and thus accelerate the exhaust.

[0016] The seventh technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrolytic cell that can improve the turbulence effect and thus suppress scale deposition.

[0017] The eighth technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrolytic cell that can improve the turbulence effect and thus accelerate ion transfer.

[0018] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the first technical problem mentioned above is: an insulating mesh for an electrolytic cell, characterized in that: the insulating mesh is used to separate adjacent diaphragms and electrode plates, and the side of the insulating mesh has a scraping portion that can rub against adjacent diaphragms or electrode plates; or

[0019] The insulating mesh is used to separate two electrode plates, and the side of the insulating mesh has a scraping part that can rub against the adjacent electrode plate.

[0020] To facilitate the formation of the scraping section, the following solutions are available:

[0021] In Scheme 1, the insulating mesh includes a central axis and at least two unit strips arranged sequentially along the circumference of the central axis and connected end to end. The ends of each unit strip are connected to the central axis, and each unit strip has multiple mesh holes for fluid to pass through. The odd-numbered unit strip in the arrangement direction is designated as the first unit strip, and the even-numbered unit strip in the arrangement direction is designated as the second unit strip. The first side of the preceding first unit strip is connected to the first side of the following second unit strip, and the second side of the preceding second unit strip is connected to the second side of the following first unit strip. The folded edge between two adjacent unit strips forms the scraping part.

[0022] To further address the second, third, and fourth technical problems mentioned above, the two adjacent unit bars can be opened and closed relative to each other, so that each unit bar can swing relative to the adjacent unit bars under the action of water flow.

[0023] Because the insulating mesh has a spring-like free movement characteristic, its unit bars have a water-beating effect during opening and closing, which accelerates the bursting and discharge of air bubbles and promotes turbulence, improves electrolysis efficiency and stability, and inhibits scale deposition to a certain extent.

[0024] In Scheme 2, the insulating mesh includes a central shaft and strip blades arranged circumferentially along the central shaft. The ends of each strip blade are connected to the central shaft, and the side edges of the strip blades form the scraping portions.

[0025] To improve the strength of the insulating mesh and facilitate the formation of mesh openings, the insulating mesh further includes annular connecting strips arranged radially at intervals along the central axis. Each annular connecting strip is connected to all the strip blades, and mesh openings for fluid passage are formed between adjacent strip blades and adjacent annular connecting strips.

[0026] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the fifth technical problem mentioned above is: an electrolytic cell using the above-mentioned insulating mesh.

[0027] To facilitate the installation of the insulating mesh, the electrolytic cell includes a cell body and a diaphragm disposed within the cell body. The diaphragm divides the inner cavity of the cell body into at least two electrode chambers. Each electrode chamber is provided with an electrode plate and an insulating mesh, and the insulating mesh is separated between adjacent diaphragms and electrode plates.

[0028] To further address the sixth, seventh, and eighth technical problems mentioned above, the insulating mesh is rotatably connected to the trough via the central shaft, so that the insulating mesh rotates around its own axis under the action of water flow.

[0029] To improve the degree of freedom of the insulating mesh, allowing it to slide axially while rotating, thus facilitating contact and scraping with the diaphragm or electrode sheet, the electrode chamber is provided with a fixed rod corresponding to the insulating mesh. The central shaft is rotatably sleeved on the outer circumference of the corresponding fixed rod and can slide along the length direction of the corresponding fixed rod.

[0030] To ensure that all scraping parts on the same side of the insulating mesh can contact the diaphragm or electrode sheet when it is close to the diaphragm or electrode sheet, the central axis is substantially perpendicular to the diaphragm and electrode sheet.

[0031] In order to maximize the use of water flow to provide the insulating mesh with the force for its rotation, the axial direction of the central axis is basically perpendicular to the flow direction of the water in the electrode chamber.

[0032] In order to ensure that the insulating mesh covers the entire electrode chamber as much as possible, each electrode chamber is provided with at least two insulating meshes arranged sequentially along the long side of the electrode chamber.

[0033] To facilitate the supply of raw materials and the discharge of electrolyzed water, each electrode chamber is provided with an inlet and an outlet that communicate with the electrode chamber in the corresponding tank section.

[0034] To facilitate the water flow path between the inlet and outlet covering each insulating mesh, the inlet and outlet are located at opposite ends of the long side of the electrode chamber.

[0035] To facilitate the application of force by the flowing water to the outer periphery of the insulating mesh, the axes of all the insulating meshes are in the same plane, and the inlet and outlet are offset from this plane.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] (1) By setting a scraping part on the side of the insulating mesh, the scraping part can make frictional contact with the adjacent diaphragm or electrode sheet, thereby realizing the scraping and descaling function on the surface of the electrode sheet and diaphragm.

[0038] (2) By rotating the insulating mesh onto the tank, the insulating mesh rotates around its own axis under the action of water flow. On the one hand, dynamic turbulence is achieved, which accelerates exhaust, inhibits scale deposition, and accelerates ion transfer. On the other hand, the scraping part rubs against the adjacent diaphragm or electrode plate during the movement of the insulating mesh, thereby improving the descaling effect. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the electrolytic cell of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 for Figure 1 3D exploded view of the electrolytic cell;

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the insulating mesh.

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Longitudinal sectional view of the electrolytic cell;

[0043] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of Part I;

[0044] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A longitudinal sectional view of the electrolytic cell from another direction;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the insulating mesh in Embodiment 2 of the electrolytic cell of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a longitudinal sectional view of Embodiment 2 of the electrolytic cell of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of Part II;

[0048] Figure 10 This is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment 2 of the electrolytic cell of the present invention from another direction. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0050] Example 1:

[0051] like Figures 1 to 6 The image shows a first preferred embodiment of the electrolytic cell of the present invention. The electrolytic cell includes a cell body 1, a diaphragm 2, electrode plates 3, and an insulating mesh 4. The electrolytic cell in this embodiment is a single-diaphragm electrolytic cell; however, it can also be designed as a double-diaphragm electrolytic cell or a diaphragmless electrolytic cell as needed.

[0052] The trough 1 is formed by assembling two covers 11 together with fasteners. The two covers 11 surround each other to form a closed inner cavity. Two annular sealing gaskets 12 are sandwiched between the two opposite end faces of the two covers 11. Multiple fixing rods 13 are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction in the inner cavity of each cover 11. Each fixing rod 13 extends along the front-back direction.

[0053] The diaphragm 2 is a cation exchange membrane, vertically arranged in the inner cavity of the tank 1, with its periphery sandwiched between the two annular sealing gaskets 12. There is one diaphragm 2, which divides the inner cavity of the tank 1 into two electrode chambers 110. The electrode chamber 110 located between the front cover 11 and the diaphragm 2 is designated as cathode chamber 110a, and the electrode chamber 110 located between the rear cover 11 and the diaphragm 2 is designated as anode chamber 110b. The lower right and upper left sides of the front cover 11 are respectively provided with an inlet 111 and an outlet 112 communicating with cathode chamber 110a, and the lower left and upper right sides of the rear cover 11 are respectively provided with an inlet 111 and an outlet 112 communicating with anode chamber 110b. Therefore, the water in each electrode chamber 110 flows obliquely from bottom to top.

[0054] There is a pair of electrode plates 3, designated as cathode plate 3a and anode plate 3b. Cathode plate 3a is arranged substantially vertically at the front of cathode chamber 110a, and anode plate 3b is arranged substantially vertically at the rear of anode chamber 110b. Each electrode plate 3 has a clearance hole for the fixing rod 13 to pass through. Each electrode plate 3 has a conductive post 31 at its top, which passes upward through the corresponding cover 11 and is exposed on the top wall of the cover 11. The conductive post 31 on cathode plate 3a and anode plate 3b is used for electrical connection to the negative and positive terminals of an external power supply, respectively.

[0055] There are two sets of insulating meshes 4, corresponding to the two electrode chambers 110 mentioned above. The two sets of insulating meshes 4 are located in the corresponding electrode chambers 110, and are used to separate adjacent diaphragms 2 and electrode plates 3. Each set of insulating meshes 4 includes multiple insulating meshes 4 arranged sequentially along the long side of the electrode chamber 110, and each insulating mesh 4 corresponds to the fixing rod 13 mentioned above.

[0056] In this embodiment, each insulating mesh 4 includes a central shaft 40 and at least two unit strips 41 arranged sequentially along the circumference of the central shaft 40 and connected end to end. Specifically, the central shaft 40 is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the corresponding fixed rod 13 and can slide along the length direction of the corresponding fixed rod 13; the end of each unit strip 41 is connected to the central shaft 40, and each unit strip 41 has a plurality of mesh holes 411 arranged in a matrix for fluid to pass through. The porosity of the insulating mesh 4 is 50%. The odd-numbered unit strip 41 in the arrangement direction is designated as the first unit strip 41a, and the even-numbered unit strip 41 in the arrangement direction is designated as the second unit strip 41b. The first side of the first unit strip 41a is connected to the first side of the second unit strip 41b, and the second side of the second unit strip 41b is connected to the second side of the first unit strip 41a.

[0057] The aforementioned insulating mesh 4 has the following functions: First, the insulating mesh 4 separates the diaphragm 2 and the electrode plate 3, effectively preventing the diaphragm 2 from contacting the electrode plate 3 and causing dry burning; Second, the water flow can form local micro-turbulence as it passes through the mesh openings 411, accelerating exhaust, inhibiting scale deposition, and accelerating ion transfer; Third, for the fan-shaped insulating mesh 4, the mesh openings 411 are oriented differently, allowing water flow, ions, bubbles, etc., to pass through the mesh openings 411 from all directions, accelerating ion transfer and increasing the turbulence effect; Fourth, the unit strips 41 can drive the entire insulating mesh 4 to rotate around its own axis under the action of water flow, achieving dynamic turbulence; Fifth, the junction of two adjacent unit strips 41 forms a scraping part 410 that can rub against the adjacent diaphragm 2 or electrode plate 3, thereby achieving scraping and descaling.

[0058] In this embodiment, the insulating mesh 4 is made of a food-grade material that is resistant to high and low temperatures, strong acids and alkalis, and has good insulation properties, preferably food-grade Teflon. Adjacent unit strips 41 have an included angle and can open and close relative to each other, allowing each unit strip 41 to swing relative to its adjacent unit strips under the action of water flow. The thickness of the insulating mesh 4 is denoted as H, and H changes accordingly during the opening, closing, and expansion / contraction of the unit strips 41. Because the insulating mesh 4 has a free-movement characteristic similar to a ring spring, the slight swinging of its unit strips 41 accelerates the bursting and discharge of air bubbles and promotes turbulence, improving electrolysis efficiency and stability, and to some extent inhibiting scale deposition.

[0059] In this embodiment, the central axis 40 is substantially perpendicular to the diaphragm 2 and the electrode plate 3. Thus, when the insulating mesh 4 approaches the diaphragm 2 or the electrode plate 3, each scraping portion 410 on the same side can contact the diaphragm 2 or the electrode plate 3. Furthermore, the axial direction of the central axis 40 is front-to-back, substantially perpendicular to the flow direction of the water in the electrode chamber 110. Since the inlet 111 and outlet 112 are located at opposite ends of the long side of the electrode chamber 110, the upward-flowing water path covers each insulating mesh 4, facilitating the application of force to each insulating mesh 4 to rotate around the fixed rod 13. Additionally, the axes of all insulating meshes 4 are on the same vertical plane, with the inlet 111 and outlet 112 located on opposite sides of this vertical plane. In other words, the inlet 111 and outlet 112 are offset from the vertical plane, allowing the flowing water to exert force primarily on the outer periphery of the insulating mesh 4, thus requiring less effort.

[0060] Example 2:

[0061] like Figures 7 to 10 The image shows a second preferred embodiment of the electrolytic cell of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0062] In this embodiment, each insulating mesh 4' includes a central shaft 40', strip blades 41', and annular connecting strips 42'. Specifically, the central shaft 40' is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the corresponding fixed rod 13 and can slide along the length direction of the corresponding fixed rod 13; there are multiple strip blades 41', which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the central shaft 40', and each strip blade 41' is arc-shaped, with its end connected to the central shaft 40'; there are multiple annular connecting strips 42', which are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the central shaft 40', and each annular connecting strip 42' is connected to all strip blades 41'; a mesh hole 411' for fluid to pass through is formed between two adjacent strip blades 41' and two adjacent annular connecting strips 42'.

[0063] The aforementioned insulating mesh 4' has the following functions: First, the insulating mesh 4' separates the diaphragm 2 and the electrode plate 3, effectively preventing the diaphragm 2 from contacting the electrode plate 3 and causing dry burning; Second, the water flow can form local micro-turbulence as it passes through the mesh 411', accelerating exhaust, inhibiting scale deposition, and accelerating ion transfer; Third, the strip blades 41' can drive the entire insulating mesh 4' to rotate around its own axis under the action of the water flow, achieving dynamic turbulence; Fourth, the side edge of the strip blades 41 has a scraping part 410' that can rub against the adjacent diaphragm 2 or electrode plate 3, thereby achieving scraping and descaling.

[0064] In addition, two adjacent insulating meshes 4' are referred to as the first insulating mesh and the second insulating mesh. The free end of the strip blade 41' of the first insulating mesh can contact the free end of the strip blade 41' of the second insulating mesh during rotation, thereby driving the second insulating mesh to rotate around its own axis, thus improving the turbulence effect.

[0065] Taking Example 1 as an example, its working principle is as follows: During operation, the electrolyte enters the electrode chamber 110 through the inlet 111. A reduction reaction occurs at the interface between the cathode plate 3a and the solution, and an oxidation reaction occurs at the interface between the anode plate 3b and the solution to produce electrolyzed water. During the electrolysis process, the insulating mesh 4 can rotate freely and slide along the axial direction under the action of water flow. First, the insulating mesh 4 is separated between the diaphragm 2 and the electrode plate 3, which can effectively prevent the diaphragm 2 from contacting the electrode plate 3 and causing dry burning. Second, the mesh 411 of the insulating mesh 4 forms local micro-turbulence, and the movement of the insulating mesh 4 forms dynamic turbulence, which can accelerate exhaust, inhibit scale deposition, and accelerate ion transfer. Third, the insulating mesh 4 can slide along the axial direction to approach the adjacent diaphragm 2 or electrode plate 3, and the thickness of the insulating mesh 4 will increase when the unit strip 41 is closed, so that the rotating scraping part 410 makes frictional contact with the adjacent diaphragm 2 or electrode plate 3, realizing the scraping and descaling function of the electrode plate 3 and the diaphragm 2.

[0066] The advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0067] (1) By adding an insulating mesh 4 between the diaphragm 2 and the electrode 3, the diaphragm 2 is supported and protected. The insulating mesh 4 is designed as a dynamic insulating mesh in the shape of a folding fan or a fan blade. The dynamic turbulence formed by the movement of the insulating mesh 4, the local turbulence formed by the mesh of the insulating mesh 4, and the scraping effect formed by contact with the wall surface during movement greatly accelerate the discharge of air bubbles in the electrode 3, the diaphragm 2 and the water circuit of the electrolytic cell. Compared with the currently commonly used method of designing an exhaust port on the electrolytic cell, which requires additional sealing design and other auxiliary exhaust design, this accelerated exhaust method has a better exhaust effect, a simpler structure, and controllable cost, making it very suitable for small electrolytic cells.

[0068] (2) The dynamic turbulence formed by the movement of the insulating mesh 4 and the local turbulence formed by the mesh of the insulating mesh 4 are used to prevent scale deposition. The scraping action formed by the contact wall surface further plays a descaling role. Compared with the commonly used positive and negative electrode switching descaling method, it does not require the positive and negative electrodes to have a catalytic coating that can participate in the positive electrode reaction and frequent positive and negative electrode switching. It has lower cost, simpler structure, lower requirements for electrical control, and guaranteed electrode life.

[0069] (3) By utilizing the dynamic turbulence formed by the movement of the insulating mesh 4 and the local turbulence formed by the mesh openings of the insulating mesh 4, the diffusion and transfer of ions are accelerated, thereby improving the pH value and stability of the effluent.

Claims

1. An insulating separator for an electrolytic cell, characterised in that: The insulating spacer net (4) is used for separating between adjacent diaphragms (2) and electrode sheets (3), and the side of the insulating spacer net (4) has a scraping part (410) capable of rubbing contact with the adjacent diaphragm (2) or electrode sheet (3); or The insulating spacer net (4) is used for separating between two electrode sheets (3), and the side of the insulating spacer net (4) has a scraping part (410) capable of rubbing contact with the adjacent electrode sheet (3). The insulating spacer net (4) comprises a central shaft (40) and at least two unit strips (41) arranged along the circumference of the central shaft (40) in sequence and connected end to end, the end of each unit strip (41) is connected to the central shaft (40), and a plurality of mesh holes (411) for fluid passing through are formed on each unit strip (41), the first odd-numbered unit strip (41) in the arrangement direction is recorded as a first unit strip (41a), the second even-numbered unit strip (41) in the arrangement direction is recorded as a second unit strip (41b), the first side edge of the previous first unit strip (41a) is connected to the first side edge of the subsequent second unit strip (41b), the second side edge of the previous second unit strip (41b) is connected to the second side edge of the subsequent first unit strip (41a), and the folding edge between the adjacent two unit strips (41) forms the scraping part.

2. The insulated mesh screen of claim 1, wherein: The adjacent two unit strips (41) can be relatively opened and closed, so that each unit strip (41) can swing relative to the adjacent unit strip (41) under the action of water flow.

3. An electrolytic cell using the insulating spacer net of any one of claims 1 to 2.

4. The electrolytic cell of claim 3, wherein: The electrolytic cell comprises a cell body (1) and the diaphragm (2) arranged in the cell body (1), the diaphragm (2) separates the inner cavity of the cell body (1) into at least two electrode chambers (110), each electrode chamber (110) is provided with the electrode sheet (3) and the insulating spacer net (4), and the insulating spacer net (4) is separated between adjacent diaphragms (2) and electrode sheets (3).

5. The electrolytic cell of claim 4, wherein: The insulating spacer net (4) is rotatably connected to the cell body (1) through the central shaft (40), so that the insulating spacer net (4) rotates around its own axis under the action of water flow.

6. The electrolytic cell of claim 5, wherein: The electrode chamber (110) is provided with a fixed rod (13) corresponding to the insulating spacer net (4), and the central shaft (40) is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the corresponding fixed rod (13) and can slide along the length direction of the corresponding fixed rod (13).

7. The electrolytic cell of claim 5, wherein: The central shaft (40) is substantially perpendicular to the diaphragm (2) and the electrode sheet (3).

8. The electrolytic cell of claim 5, wherein: The axial direction of the central shaft (40) is substantially perpendicular to the flow direction of the water flow in the electrode chamber (110).

9. The electrolytic cell of claim 5, wherein: Each electrode chamber (110) is provided with at least two insulating spacer nets (4) arranged in sequence along the long side direction of the electrode chamber (110).

10. The electrolytic cell of claim 9, wherein: The part of the cell body (1) corresponding to each electrode chamber (110) is provided with a liquid inlet (111) and a liquid outlet (112) penetrating through the electrode chamber (110).

11. The electrolytic cell of claim 10, wherein: The liquid inlet (111) and the liquid outlet (112) are respectively located at the two ends of the long side direction of the electrode chamber (110).

12. The electrolytic cell of claim 11, wherein: The axes of all the insulating screens (4) are in the same plane, and the liquid inlet (111) and the liquid outlet (112) are both offset from the plane.

13. An electrolytic cell comprising a diaphragm (2) and two electrode sheets (3), characterised in that: The insulating screen (4') is further included; The insulating screen (4') is used to separate the adjacent diaphragm (2) and the electrode sheet (3), and the side of the insulating screen (4') has a scraping portion (410') capable of rubbing contact with the adjacent diaphragm (2) or electrode sheet (3); or The insulating screen (4') is used to separate two electrode sheets (3), and the side of the insulating screen (4') has a scraping portion (410') capable of rubbing contact with the adjacent electrode sheet (3). The insulating screen (4') includes a central shaft (40') and strip-shaped blades (41') arranged along the circumference of the central shaft (40'), and the end of each strip-shaped blade (41') is connected to the central shaft (40'), and the side of the strip-shaped blade (41') forms the scraping portion (410'). The insulating screen (4') further includes annular connecting strips (42') arranged along the radial direction of the central shaft (40'), and each annular connecting strip (42') is connected to all the strip-shaped blades (41'), and the adjacent two strip-shaped blades (41') and the adjacent two annular connecting strips (42') form a mesh (411') for fluid to pass through.

14. The electrolytic cell of claim 13, wherein: The electrolytic cell includes a cell body (1) and the diaphragm (2) arranged in the cell body (1), and the diaphragm (2) separates the inner cavity of the cell body (1) into at least two electrode chambers (110), and each electrode chamber (110) is provided with the electrode sheet (3) and the insulating screen (4'), and the insulating screen (4') separates the adjacent diaphragm (2) and the electrode sheet (3).

15. The electrolytic cell of claim 14, wherein: The insulating screen (4') is rotatably connected to the cell body (1) through the central shaft (40'), so that the insulating screen (4') rotates around its own axis under the action of water flow.

16. The electrolytic cell of claim 15, wherein: The electrode chamber (110) is provided with a fixed rod (13) corresponding to the insulating screen (4'), and the central shaft (40') is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the corresponding fixed rod (13) and can slide along the length direction of the corresponding fixed rod (13).

17. The electrolytic cell of claim 15, wherein: The central shaft (40') is substantially perpendicular to the diaphragm (2) and the electrode sheet (3).

18. The electrolytic cell of claim 15, wherein: The axial direction of the central shaft (40') is substantially perpendicular to the flow direction of the water flow in the electrode chamber (110).

19. The electrolytic cell of claim 15, wherein: Each electrode chamber (110) is provided with at least two insulating screens (4') arranged in sequence along the long side direction of the electrode chamber (110).

20. The electrolytic cell of claim 19, wherein: The part of the cell body (1) corresponding to each electrode chamber (110) is provided with a liquid inlet (111) and a liquid outlet (112) penetrating through the electrode chamber (110).

21. The electrolytic cell of claim 20, wherein: The liquid inlet (111) and the liquid outlet (112) are respectively located at the two ends of the long side direction of the electrode chamber (110).

22. The electrolytic cell of claim 21, wherein: The axes of all the insulating screens (4') are in the same plane, and the liquid inlet (111) and the liquid outlet (112) are offset from the plane.

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