A wideband end-fire antenna applied to X-band

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of broadband end-fire antennas applied to X frequency band, including: dielectric substrate, dielectric lens, first radiating patch, second radiating patch, microstrip feed line and ground plane, first radiating patch and microstrip feed line are set on the front surface of dielectric substrate by printing, first radiating patch is electrically connected with microstrip feed line, one end of microstrip feed line is electrically connected with first radiating patch, second radiating patch and ground plane are set on the back surface of the dielectric substrate by printing, dielectric lens is embedded in the upper end of dielectric lens with the upper end surface of dielectric substrate without radiating patch part, the lower end of dielectric lens is provided with rectangular notch, the left and right sides in the rectangular notch of dielectric lens are in contact with the left and right sides of dielectric substrate;The dielectric lens is open cuboid, and the open cuboid is provided with embedded opening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a broadband end-fire antenna for the X-band. Background Technology

[0002] An antenna is a transducer that transforms guided waves propagating on a transmission line into electromagnetic waves propagating in an unbounded medium (usually free space), or vice versa. It is a component in wireless equipment used to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. As a key medium for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals in wireless communication systems, the performance of antennas is closely related to the reliability and effectiveness of wireless communication. Over the years, antennas have evolved into various types and forms, with diverse applications. End-fire antennas, as a type of highly directional antenna, provide high-performance radiation modes due to their unique directional characteristics. Compared to traditional omnidirectional antennas, end-fire antennas offer superior beam directionality, stronger anti-interference capabilities, and are more likely to achieve high-quality and stable point-to-point wireless communication.

[0003] With the increasing complexity of today's electromagnetic environment and the high integration and lightweighting of microwave devices, the broadband characteristics and miniaturization of antenna structures have become increasingly important indicators. Broadband antennas offer a wider operating frequency range, higher reliability, and lower operating costs, making them a common replacement for multi-element or multi-frequency antennas in practical applications.

[0004] While existing end-fire antenna miniaturization designs can reduce antenna size, they can degrade antenna directivity and gain performance to some extent, and generally lack broadband characteristics, making it impossible for the designed antenna to achieve broadband and high-performance directional radiation. Invention Content

[0005] The present invention provides a broadband end-fire antenna for the X-band to solve the technical problems of high gain and poor directivity in miniaturized broadband end-fire antennas in the prior art.

[0006] This invention provides a broadband end-fire antenna for the X-band, comprising:

[0007] The dielectric substrate comprises a dielectric lens, a first radiating patch, a second radiating patch, a microstrip feed line, and a ground plane. The first radiating patch and the microstrip feed line are printed on the front side of the dielectric substrate, and the first radiating patch is electrically connected to the microstrip feed line. One end of the microstrip feed line is electrically connected to the first radiating patch, and the other end of the microstrip feed line extends to the lower edge of the dielectric substrate. The second radiating patch and the ground plane are printed on the back side of the dielectric substrate. The second radiating patch and the first radiating patch are arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical center line of the dielectric substrate, and are connected to the ground plane at the bottom via the microstrip line. The dielectric lens intersects with the dielectric substrate. The portion of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate without the radiating patch is embedded inside the upper part of the dielectric lens. The lower end of the dielectric lens has a rectangular notch, and the left and right sides inside the rectangular notch of the dielectric lens contact the left and right sides of the dielectric substrate. The dielectric lens does not cover the portion of the dielectric substrate with a metal radiating patch. The dielectric lens is an open cuboid with an embedding opening inside. The portion of the dielectric substrate without the radiating patch is embedded and fixed into the dielectric lens through the embedding opening.

[0008] Furthermore, the first and second radiating patches are irregular pentagons, which are obtained by cutting a rectangle into a left-upper triangle and a right-lower triangle respectively. The first and second radiating patches are each provided with two non-connected L-shaped right-angled slots. The two L-shaped right-angled slots are proportionally the same, and the L-shaped right-angled slot closer to the rectangular notch is smaller than the L-shaped right-angled slot farther from the rectangular notch. The line connecting the center points of the two non-connected L-shaped right-angled slots is perpendicular to the rectangular notch. The area ratio of the rectangular slots of the two non-connected L-shaped right-angled slots is 7.9.

[0009] Furthermore, the ratios of the five sides of the first and second radiating patches are 8.56:4.94:1:10.01:3.17, respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the dielectric substrate is a cuboid, made of polytetrafluoroethylene composite material with ceramic filler, and has a relative permittivity of 3.

[0011] Furthermore, the dielectric lens is made of polytetrafluoroethylene with a relative permittivity of 2.1.

[0012] Furthermore, the microstrip feed line is located at the center line of the dielectric substrate and has a rectangular shape. One end of the microstrip feed line is connected to the bottom of the first radiating patch, and the other end extends to the bottom edge of the dielectric substrate.

[0013] Furthermore, the ground plane is a rounded rectangle, with the upper left and right ends of the rectangle being quarter-circle arc structures; the connection between the ground plane and the second radiating patch is an inscribed arc-shaped microstrip structure, the inscribed arc of the microstrip structure being a quarter-circle arc structure, and located on the bottom left and right sides of the microstrip structure and connected to the ground plane, respectively; the microstrip structure has rectangular microstrip lines, which are connected to the second radiating patch.

[0014] This invention provides a broadband end-fire antenna for the X-band, comprising a dielectric substrate, a dielectric lens, a first radiating patch, a second radiating patch, a microstrip feed line, and a ground plane. The first radiating patch and the microstrip feed line are printed on the front side of the dielectric substrate, and the first radiating patch is electrically connected to the microstrip feed line. One end of the microstrip feed line is electrically connected to the first radiating patch, and the other end of the microstrip feed line extends to the lower edge of the dielectric substrate. The second radiating patch and the ground plane are printed on the back side of the dielectric substrate. The second radiating patch and the first radiating patch are positioned relative to each other. The dielectric substrate is arranged in a mirror-symmetrical pattern along its vertical centerline and connected to the ground plane via a microstrip line. The dielectric lens intersects with the dielectric substrate. The non-radiating patch portion on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate is embedded inside the upper end of the dielectric lens. The lower end of the dielectric lens has a rectangular notch, and the left and right sides inside the rectangular notch of the dielectric lens contact the left and right sides of the dielectric substrate. The dielectric lens does not cover the portion of the dielectric substrate with a metal radiating patch. The dielectric lens is an open cuboid with an embedding opening inside, through which the non-radiating patch portion of the dielectric substrate is embedded and fixed into the dielectric lens. By using an enantiomeric non-surface radiating patch antenna configuration, low cross-polarization requirements are further achieved while meeting miniaturization requirements, and its input impedance is more easily impedance-matched with a 50Ω transmission line. Furthermore, because the gap width between the left and right radiating patches of the antenna is gradually changing, its resonant bandwidth is less constrained by the minimum gap size, making it easier to obtain broadband antenna characteristics. Higher gain radiation can also be achieved using the radiating patch. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the broadband end-fire antenna applied to the X-band provided by the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dielectric lens structure in a broadband end-fire antenna applied to the X-band provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3This invention provides a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) curve for a broadband end-fire antenna applied to the X-band.

[0019] Figure 4 This invention provides a broadband end-fire antenna for the X-band at a frequency of 8 GHz, and the antenna pattern corresponds to this antenna.

[0020] Figure 5 This invention provides a broadband end-fire antenna for the X-band at a frequency of 10 GHz, and the antenna pattern corresponds to this antenna pattern.

[0021] Figure 6 This invention provides a broadband end-fire antenna for the X-band, with a radiation pattern corresponding to the antenna at a frequency of 12 GHz.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a peak gain diagram of a broadband end-fire antenna applied to the X-band provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Among them, 1-dielectric substrate, 2-dielectric lens, 3-first radiating patch, 4-second radiating patch, 5-microstrip feed line, 6-ground plane. Detailed Implementation

[0024] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a broadband end-fire antenna applied to the X-band, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 1 The broadband end-fire antenna applied to the X-band includes: a dielectric substrate, a dielectric lens, a first radiating patch, a second radiating patch, a microstrip feed line, and a ground plane; the first radiating patch and the microstrip feed line are printed on the front side of the dielectric substrate, and the first radiating patch is electrically connected to the microstrip feed line. One end of the microstrip feed line is electrically connected to the first radiating patch, and the other end of the microstrip feed line extends to the lower edge of the dielectric substrate. The second radiating patch and the ground plane are printed on the back side of the dielectric substrate. The second radiating patch and the first radiating patch are positioned relative to the dielectric substrate. The substrate has a vertical centerline arranged in a mirror-symmetrical pattern, and is connected to the ground plane via a microstrip line at the bottom. The dielectric lens intersects with the dielectric substrate. The non-radiating patch portion on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate is embedded inside the upper end of the dielectric lens. The lower end of the dielectric lens has a rectangular notch, and the left and right sides inside the rectangular notch of the dielectric lens contact the left and right sides of the dielectric substrate. The dielectric lens does not cover the portion of the dielectric substrate with a metal radiating patch. The dielectric lens is an open cuboid, and the open cuboid has an embedding opening. The non-radiating patch portion of the dielectric substrate is embedded and fixed into the dielectric lens through the embedding opening.

[0028] In this embodiment, a dielectric substrate serves as the carrier, and the first radiating patch and microstrip feed line are printed onto the front side of the dielectric substrate. The second radiating patch is symmetrically arranged with the first radiating patch. The portion of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 1 without the radiating patch is embedded inside the upper end of a dielectric lens. A rectangular notch is provided at the lower end of the dielectric lens, and the left and right sides inside the rectangular notch of the dielectric lens contact the left and right sides of the dielectric substrate. The dielectric lens does not cover the portion of the dielectric substrate with the metal radiating patch. The antenna using this enantiomeric non-planar radiating patch structure can meet the low cross-polarization requirement, and its input impedance is more easily impedance-matched with a 50Ω transmission line. Furthermore, because the gap width between the left and right radiating patches of the antenna is gradually changing, its resonant bandwidth is less constrained by the minimum gap size, making it easier to obtain the antenna's broadband characteristics. Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the dielectric lens structure in a broadband end-fire antenna applied to the X-band provided by the present invention. See also... Figure 2 The dielectric lens is a cuboid with a rectangular notch at the bottom and a rectangular slot inside the top cuboid. The size of the rectangular slot is the same as the portion of the dielectric substrate without metal patches at the top. The upper end of the dielectric substrate is embedded in the specific rectangular slot of the dielectric lens. The inner sides of the cuboids at both ends of the dielectric lens are connected to the two sides of the dielectric substrate, and the lower end extends to the lower edge of the dielectric substrate. The dielectric lens loaded in the antenna end-fire direction is equivalent to a directional structure that enhances the antenna's radiation capability, effectively improving the discontinuity of electromagnetic signal transmission to free space at the antenna aperture end, concentrating antenna radiation in the end-fire direction, improving the directional radiation efficiency of the main lobe at the antenna aperture, and optimizing the directivity of the radiated beam. Furthermore, covering both sides of the antenna dielectric substrate with dielectric lenses can effectively suppress sidelobe radiation, weaken the scattering of electromagnetic waves on both sides of the antenna, concentrate electromagnetic energy radiation in the end-fire direction, and improve antenna gain performance. The dielectric lens loading technology effectively improves the antenna's gain performance, enhances the directivity throughout the operating frequency band, obtains a stable directional radiation mode, and achieves a maximum gain of 11.4 dBi. The dielectric lens material is reliable, easy to process, low in implementation cost, has no structural interference with the antenna dielectric substrate, is easy to assemble, and has a stable structure.

[0029] Optionally, the first and second radiating patches are irregular pentagons, obtained by cutting a rectangle into a left-upper-triangle and a right-lower-triangle, respectively. Each of the first and second radiating patches has two unconnected L-shaped right-angled slots. The two L-shaped right-angled slots are proportionally identical, with the slot closer to the rectangular notch being smaller than the slot further away. The line connecting the center points of the two unconnected L-shaped right-angled slots is perpendicular to the rectangular notch, and the area ratio of the two unconnected L-shaped right-angled slots is 7.9. Through this design, the tapered edge design at the bottom of the irregular pentagonal first and second radiating patches reduces the overall antenna area compared to a traditional structure with a complete right angle at the bottom, effectively achieving antenna miniaturization. Furthermore, the shape of the outer edge taper can be modified, and the shape parameters of the taper (i.e., the length of each side of the pentagon) can be adjusted according to the antenna's radiation pattern to obtain a good front-to-back radiation pattern ratio. Because high-frequency current propagates and radiates simultaneously along the tapered radiating slot, the shape of the tapered slot has a significant impact on antenna performance indicators such as radiation directivity. Compared to traditional curved tapered slot antennas, such as Gaussian, exponential, and parabolic tapered slot antennas, the linear tapered slot antenna, formed by the inner edges of the irregular pentagonal first and second radiating patches, exhibits more concentrated electromagnetic energy radiation. This allows for a narrower half-power beamwidth, making it easier to achieve high-gain radiation. Furthermore, the radiating main lobe beam exhibits no angular offset in the end-firing direction, especially at high frequencies. This means the antenna can provide better signal quality and anti-interference capabilities.

[0030] A pair of L-shaped slots are sequentially loaded downwards from the upper portion of the first and second radiating patches. These slots are not interconnected. Loading the radiating patches with these double L-shaped slots allows more surface current to be distributed along the edges of the L-shaped slots rather than the edges of the radiating arms. This avoids unnecessary surface current distribution at the outer edges of the radiating arms, which can induce unwanted radiation. This type of radiation degrades the antenna's radiation performance, primarily manifesting as reduced antenna gain, increased sidelobe levels and backscattering, or pattern distortion. By loading the radiating metal arms with this double L-shaped slot structure, unnecessary surface currents causing perpendicular radiation along the end-fire direction can be effectively suppressed, effectively confining the electromagnetic capability to the vicinity of the tapered slot line, achieving sidelobe suppression and improving the antenna's directional beam radiation performance. Simultaneously, this design effectively extends the effective electrical length of the antenna's surface current path, effectively reducing the antenna's low-frequency cutoff frequency and expanding its low-frequency bandwidth. The double L-shaped slot can be characterized as a set of RLC resonant circuit units, whose resonant frequency is related to its size data. By reasonably optimizing the size parameters, the designed antenna can achieve good impedance matching performance in the X-band while effectively realizing antenna miniaturization design. In this embodiment, the line connecting points A, B, C, D, and E in the figure is the first radiating patch area. The length ratio of the five sides of the first radiating patch is 8.56:4.94:1:10.01:3.17. Correspondingly, the length ratio of the five sides of the second radiating patch is also 8.56:4.94:1:10.01:3.17. Compared with various existing slots of different shapes, this design reduces the amount of parameter processing and calculation, makes parameter optimization easier to achieve the design purpose, and has low processing difficulty, is easy to produce and test, and facilitates the reduction of design errors.

[0031] The dielectric substrate can be a cuboid, made of polytetrafluoroethylene composite material with ceramic filler, and has a relative permittivity of 3. Correspondingly, the dielectric lens is made of polytetrafluoroethylene with a relative permittivity of 2.1. The dielectric lens is a cuboid with a rectangular notch at the bottom. The upper interior of the dielectric lens 2 is a rectangular cavity.

[0032] The microstrip feed line is rectangular in shape and located at the center line of the dielectric substrate. One end of the microstrip feed line is connected to the bottom of the first radiating patch, and the other end extends to the bottom edge of the dielectric substrate. The ground plane is a rounded rectangle with quarter-circle arc structures at the top left and right ends. The connection between the ground plane and the second radiating patch is an inscribed arc-shaped microstrip structure, with the inscribed arcs being quarter-circle arc structures located on the bottom left and right sides of the microstrip structure and connected to the ground plane. The microstrip structure has rectangular microstrip lines connected to the second radiating patch.

[0033] Figure 3The present invention provides a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) curve for a broadband end-fire antenna applied to the X-band. As can be seen from the figure, the VSWR in the 6.4GHz-13.5GHz frequency band is less than 2, the impedance bandwidth is good, and the relative bandwidth reaches 71.3%, which enables the antenna element to work effectively in the entire X-band.

[0034] Figure 4 , Figure 5 ,and Figure 6 These figures show the radiation patterns of the broadband end-fire antenna for the X-band provided by this invention at frequencies of 8 GHz, 10 GHz, and 12 GHz, respectively. In the figures, E / H represents the electric field / magnetic field. As can be seen from the figures, the radiation pattern of the broadband end-fire antenna for the X-band exhibits an end-fire state, indicating that the radiation mechanism is that of an end-fire antenna. It possesses good directional radiation characteristics, with the electromagnetic radiation beam concentrated in the end-fire direction. The radiation gain is 10.1 dBi at 8 GHz, 10.8 dBi at 10 GHz, and 11.3 dBi at 12 GHz. Therefore, it is evident that within the X-band, both the E-plane and H-plane of this antenna exhibit good directivity.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a peak gain diagram of a broadband end-fire antenna applied to the X-band, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 The horizontal axis represents frequency, and the vertical axis represents gain. Figure 7 As can be seen, the gain of the array antenna is greater than 8.1 dBi in the 6.4-13.5 GHz frequency band, and the gain performance is stable in the X band. The maximum gain can reach 11.4 dBi at the 11.2 GHz frequency point, indicating that the array antenna has high gain and excellent radiation performance in the operating frequency band.

[0036] This invention provides a broadband end-fire antenna for the X-band, comprising a dielectric substrate, a dielectric lens, a first radiating patch, a second radiating patch, a microstrip feed line, and a ground plane. The first radiating patch and the microstrip feed line are printed on the front side of the dielectric substrate, and the first radiating patch is electrically connected to the microstrip feed line. One end of the microstrip feed line is electrically connected to the first radiating patch, and the other end of the microstrip feed line extends to the lower edge of the dielectric substrate. The second radiating patch and the ground plane are printed on the back side of the dielectric substrate. The second radiating patch and the first radiating patch are positioned relative to each other. The dielectric substrate is arranged in a mirror-symmetrical pattern along its vertical centerline and connected to the ground plane via a microstrip line. The dielectric lens intersects with the dielectric substrate. The non-radiating patch portion on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate is embedded inside the upper end of the dielectric lens. The lower end of the dielectric lens has a rectangular notch, and the left and right sides inside the rectangular notch of the dielectric lens contact the left and right sides of the dielectric substrate. The dielectric lens does not cover the portion of the dielectric substrate with a metal radiating patch. The dielectric lens is an open cuboid with an embedding opening inside, through which the non-radiating patch portion of the dielectric substrate is embedded and fixed into the dielectric lens. By using an enantiomeric non-surface radiating patch antenna configuration, low cross-polarization requirements are further achieved while meeting miniaturization requirements, and its input impedance is more easily impedance-matched with a 50Ω transmission line. Furthermore, because the gap width between the left and right radiating patches of the antenna is gradually changing, its resonant bandwidth is less constrained by the minimum gap size, making it easier to obtain broadband antenna characteristics. Higher gain radiation can also be achieved using the radiating patch. The dielectric lens loaded in the end-fire direction of the antenna is equivalent to a directional structure that enhances the antenna's radiation capability. It effectively improves the discontinuity in electromagnetic signal transmission to free space at the antenna aperture end, concentrates antenna radiation in the end-fire direction, improves the directional radiation efficiency of the main lobe at the antenna aperture, and optimizes the directivity of the radiated beam. Furthermore, covering both sides of the antenna dielectric substrate with dielectric lenses effectively suppresses sidelobe radiation, weakens electromagnetic wave scattering on both sides of the antenna, concentrates electromagnetic energy radiation in the end-fire direction, and improves antenna gain performance. The dielectric lens loading technology effectively improves the antenna's gain performance, enhances directivity across the entire operating frequency band, and achieves stable directional radiation mode utilization. The linear tapered slot antenna formed by the inner edges of the irregular pentagonal first and second radiating patches provides more concentrated electromagnetic energy radiation, resulting in a narrower half-power beamwidth, making it easier to achieve high-gain antenna radiation. Moreover, the radiated main lobe beam has no angular offset in the end-fire direction, providing better signal quality and anti-interference capability. By loading the double L-shaped groove structure onto the radiating metal arm, unnecessary surface currents that cause vertical radiation along the end-firing direction can be effectively suppressed, and the electromagnetic capability can be effectively constrained to the vicinity of the gradient groove line, thereby achieving the effect of sidelobe suppression and improving the directional beam radiation performance of the antenna.

[0037] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment and the technical principles applied in this invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that this invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of this invention. Therefore, although the invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, it is not limited to these embodiments. Many other equivalent embodiments may be included without departing from the inventive concept, and the scope of this invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A broadband end-fire antenna for the X-band, characterized in that, include: Dielectric substrate, dielectric lens, first radiating patch, second radiating patch, microstrip feed line and ground plane; The first radiating patch and microstrip feed line are printed on the front side of the dielectric substrate, and the first radiating patch is electrically connected to the microstrip feed line. One end of the microstrip feed line is electrically connected to the first radiating patch, and the other end of the microstrip feed line extends to the lower edge of the dielectric substrate. The second radiating patch and ground plane are printed on the back side of the dielectric substrate. The second radiating patch and the first radiating patch are arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical center line of the dielectric substrate, and are connected to the ground plane at the bottom via the microstrip line. The dielectric lens intersects with the dielectric substrate. The portion of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate without the radiating patch is embedded inside the upper end of the dielectric lens. The lower end of the dielectric lens has a rectangular notch, and the left and right sides inside the rectangular notch of the dielectric lens contact the left and right sides of the dielectric substrate. The dielectric lens does not cover the dielectric substrate. The substrate has a metal radiating patch portion. The dielectric lens is an open cuboid with an embedding opening inside. The non-radiating patch portion of the dielectric substrate is embedded and fixed into the dielectric lens through the embedding opening. The first and second radiating patches are irregular pentagons, which are obtained by cutting a rectangle into a left-upper triangle and a right-lower triangle, respectively. The first and second radiating patches each have two non-connected L-shaped right-angled slots. The two L-shaped right-angled slots are proportionally the same, and the L-shaped right-angled slot closer to the rectangular notch is smaller than the L-shaped right-angled slot farther from the rectangular notch. The line connecting the center points of the two non-connected L-shaped right-angled slots is perpendicular to the rectangular notch. The area ratio of the rectangular slots of the two non-connected L-shaped right-angled slots is 7.

9.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The proportions of the five sides of the first and second radiating patches are as follows: 8.56：4.94：1:10.01:3.17。 3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate is a cuboid, made of polytetrafluoroethylene composite material with ceramic filler, and has a relative permittivity of 3.

4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric lens is made of polytetrafluoroethylene with a relative permittivity of 2.

1.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microstrip feed line is located at the center line of the dielectric substrate and is rectangular in shape. One end of the microstrip feed line is connected to the bottom of the first radiating patch, and the other end extends to the bottom edge of the dielectric substrate.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ground plane is a rounded rectangle with the upper left and right ends of the rectangle being quarter-circle arc structures. The connection between the ground plane and the second radiating patch is an inscribed arc-shaped microstrip structure. The inscribed arc of the microstrip structure is a quarter-circle arc structure, located on the bottom left and right sides of the microstrip structure and connected to the ground plane. The microstrip structure has rectangular microstrip lines, which are connected to the second radiating patch.

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