Information determination method and apparatus, terminal, and readable storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses an information determination method and device, a terminal and a readable storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The information determination method of the application embodiment comprises the following steps: a terminal performs channel estimation based on CSI-RS information received at N time domain sampling points to obtain N groups of channel matrices; each time domain sampling point is one-to-one corresponding to each group of channel matrices; N is an integer greater than 1; and the terminal determines Doppler information of a channel at a second sampling point based on the N groups of channel matrices or a channel matrix corresponding to a first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices; wherein the first sampling point is part of the N time domain sampling points; and the second sampling point is part of or all of the N time domain sampling points.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to an information determination method and device, a terminal and a readable storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a multi-antenna system, a sending end can optimize the sending of a signal according to channel state information (CSI), so that the signal is more matched to the state of a channel.

[0003] However, in a high-speed scenario, due to a too fast channel change rate, an existing CSI feedback scheme cannot timely reflect the channel change. Before receiving new CSI feedback, the base station, the channel has obviously changed, and the base station needs to predict the channel state in a subsequent period of time according to the current CSI. Therefore, the terminal needs to report the channel change information over time, i.e., Doppler domain information, to the base station. However, how the terminal determines the Doppler domain information is a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide an information determination method and device, a terminal and a readable storage medium, which can solve the problem of determining Doppler domain information.

[0005] In a first aspect, an information determination method is provided, which includes:

[0006] The terminal performs channel estimation based on channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) information received at N time domain sampling points to obtain N groups of channel matrices; each time domain sampling point corresponds to each group of channel matrices in a one-to-one manner; N is an integer greater than 1;

[0007] The terminal determines Doppler information of a channel at a second sampling point based on the N groups of channel matrices or a channel matrix corresponding to a first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices;

[0008] The first sampling point is part of the N time domain sampling points; and the second sampling point is part of or all of the N time domain sampling points.

[0009] In a second aspect, an information determination device is provided, which includes:

[0010] A channel estimation module is configured to perform channel estimation based on channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) information received at N time domain sampling points to obtain N groups of channel matrices; each time domain sampling point corresponds to each group of channel matrices in a one-to-one manner; N is an integer greater than 1;

[0011] determining Doppler information of the channel at a second sampling point based on the N groups of channel matrices or a channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices;

[0012] wherein the first sampling point is part of the N time-domain sampling points; and the second sampling point is part of or all of the N time-domain sampling points.

[0013] In a third aspect, a terminal is provided, which includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing programs or instructions executable on the processor, and the programs or instructions, when executed by the processor, implement steps of the method according to the first aspect.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, a terminal is provided, which includes a processor and a communication interface; wherein the processor is configured to perform channel estimation based on channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) information received at N time-domain sampling points to obtain N groups of channel matrices; each time-domain sampling point corresponds to one group of channel matrices; and N is an integer greater than 1.

[0015] determining Doppler information of the channel at a second sampling point based on the N groups of channel matrices or a channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices;

[0016] wherein the first sampling point is part of the N time-domain sampling points; and the second sampling point is part of or all of the N time-domain sampling points.

[0017] In a fifth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, the readable storage medium storing programs or instructions, and the programs or instructions, when executed by a processor, implement steps of the method according to the first aspect.

[0018] In a sixth aspect, a chip is provided, which includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the processor being coupled, and the processor being configured to run programs or instructions to implement the method according to the first aspect.

[0019] In a seventh aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, the computer program / program product being stored in a storage medium, and the computer program / program product being executed by at least one processor to implement steps of the method according to the first aspect.

[0020] In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal obtains N groups of channel matrices by performing channel estimation based on the CSI-RS information received at the N time domain sampling points; then determines K1 spatial domain orthogonal bases and M frequency domain orthogonal bases based on the N groups of channel matrices or the channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices; and then the terminal determines the Doppler information of the channel at the second sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices based on each spatial domain orthogonal base and each frequency domain orthogonal base, thereby obtaining the Doppler information. Since the first sampling point is part of the N time domain sampling points, the calculation overhead of the spatial domain orthogonal bases and the frequency domain orthogonal bases can be reduced, thereby reducing the calculation overhead of the codebook. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system to which the embodiment of the present application can be applied;

[0022] Figure 2 is a flowchart of the information determination method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the position of the time domain sampling point provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the information determination apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the terminal provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 6 is the second structural schematic diagram of the terminal provided by the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0028] The terms "first", "second", and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application are used for distinguishing between similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the present application described herein are, for example, capable of orderly or chronological sequential use, and / or the like, unless otherwise explicitly provided. It is also to be understood that the terminology "and / or" includes the means of both "and" and "or" unless otherwise explicitly provided. Furthermore, the term "and / or" in the description and in the claims of the present application is used to mean "and / or" one of, unless otherwise explicitly provided. In addition, the term "comprising", used in the description and in the following claims, should not be interpreted as being restricted to members disclosed herein only, unless otherwise explicitly provided.

[0029] It is worth noting that the techniques described in the embodiments of the present application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, and can also be applied to other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), and other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the described techniques can be applied to the above-mentioned systems and radio technologies, as well as other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes a New Radio (NR) system for the purpose of example, and NR terminology is used in most of the following description, but these techniques can also be applied to communication systems other than NR system applications, such as 6th Generation (6G) communication systems. th

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied, Figure 1 ​The illustrated wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 can be a mobile phone, a Tablet Personal Computer, a Laptop Computer, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a palmtop computer, a netbook, an Ultra-Mobile Personal Computer (UMPC), a Mobile Internet Device (MID), an Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) device, a robot, a wearable device, a vehicle-mounted device (VUE), a pedestrian terminal (PUE), a smart home (a home device with wireless communication function, such as a refrigerator, a television, a washing machine, or furniture), a game console, a personal computer (PC), a teller machine, or a self-service machine, etc. The wearable device includes a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a smart earphone, smart glasses, smart jewelry (a smart bracelet, a smart necklace, a smart ring, a smart necklace, a smart anklet, a smart necklace, etc.), a smart wristband, smart clothing, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of the terminal 11 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0031] The network-side device 12 can include an access network device or a core network device, wherein the access network device can also be referred to as a radio access network device, a radio access network (RAN), a radio access network function or a radio access network unit. The access network device can include a base station, a WLAN access point or a WiFi node, etc. The base station can be referred to as a node B, an evolved node B (eNB), an access point, a base transceiver station (BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), a home node B, a home evolved node B, a transmitting receiving point (TRP) or some other appropriate terminology in the art, as long as the same technical effects are achieved. The base station is not limited to a specific technical term, and it should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, only the base station in the NR system is taken as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the base station is not limited.The core network device can include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: a core network node, a core network function, a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF), a session management function (SMF), a user plane function (UPF), a policy control function (PCF), a policy and charging rules function (PCRF), an edge application server discovery function (EASDF), a unified data management (UDM), a unified data repository (UDR), a home subscriber server (HSS), a centralized network configuration (CNC), a network repository function (NRF), a network exposure function (NEF), a local NEF (or L-NEF), a binding support function (BSF), an application function (AF), a location management function (LMF), an enhanced serving mobile location center (E-SMLC), a network data analytics function (NWDAF), and the like. It should be noted that only the core network device in the NR system is taken as an example for introduction in the embodiments of the present application, and the specific type of the core network device is not limited.

[0032] The information determination method provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in combination with the accompanying drawings and some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0033] Figure 2 is a flowchart of the information determination method provided by the embodiments of the present application, asFigure 2 As shown, the method comprises steps 201-202; wherein:

[0034] Step 201, the terminal performs channel estimation based on channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) information received at N time domain sampling points, to obtain N groups of channel matrices; each time domain sampling point corresponds to each group of channel matrices one by one; N is an integer greater than 1;

[0035] Step 202, the terminal determines the Doppler information of the channel at the second sampling point based on the N groups of channel matrices or the channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices; wherein, the first sampling point is part of the N time domain sampling points; the second sampling point is part of the N time domain sampling points or all the sampling points.

[0036] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application can be applied in the channel prediction scene. N is, for example, N4, N4 is an integer greater than 1. The terminal receives CSI-RS at N time domain sampling points, and performs channel estimation based on the received CSI-RS information to obtain N groups of channel matrices; the terminal determines the Doppler information of the channel at the second sampling point based on the N groups of channel matrices or the channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices. For example, the terminal calculates the Doppler information according to the time domain relationship of the second sampling point.

[0037] Optionally, the CSI-RS information includes at least one of the following: unprecoded CSI-RS; spatially precoded CSI-RS; joint spatial and frequency precoded CSI-RS.

[0038] In practice, the type of time domain sampling point can include at least one of the following: symbol; half a symbol; more than two symbols.

[0039] Specifically, the N time domain sampling points include at least one of the following:

[0040] 1) N continuous symbols in one time slot;

[0041] 2) Symbols at the same position in N time slots. Assuming that the value of N is 5, the five time domain sampling points can be the first symbol of the continuous five slots, that is, each sampling point is a symbol, and the interval is one slot; wherein, the first symbol is the first sampling point, and the second to fifth symbols are the second sampling points; or, the first to fifth symbols are the second sampling points.

[0042] 3) N symbols with the same symbol interval in multiple time slots.

[0043] Optionally, the second sampling point comprises at least one of:

[0044] a) sampling points other than the first sampling point in the N time-domain sampling points;

[0045] b) all sampling points in the N time-domain sampling points;

[0046] c) part of the sampling points in the N time-domain sampling points.

[0047] In the embodiments of the present application, the N can be configured by a network side device or agreed by a protocol. Optionally, the N can be determined by the number of sampling positions and the sampling multiple.

[0048] For example, the formula N=R2*F is used to calculate N; wherein R2 is the sampling multiple, i.e. how many points are sampled in one sampling position, and F is the number of configured sampling positions.

[0049] Optionally, the sampling position can comprise at least one of the following: a symbol; a slot; a resource; and an absolute time.

[0050] Specifically, when the sampling position comprises multiple CSI-RS resources, each CSI-RS resource occupies only one symbol, i.e. the code division multiplexing type (CDM type) can be no CDM or the configuration of FD-CDM2. The absolute time can be a fixed time, for example, 0.5 ms.

[0051] In practice, the N time-domain sampling points can be continuously distributed or equally distributed. Specifically, if one sampling point comprises multiple positions, these positions can also be continuously distributed or equally distributed.

[0052] Optionally, the sampling multiple comprises at least one of the following:

[0053] 1) R=1, used to indicate that one point is sampled in one sampling position; the R represents the sampling multiple. For example, one symbol corresponds to one sampling point, or one resource samples one point.

[0054] 2) R>1, used to indicate that more than one point is sampled in one sampling position. For example, if the sampling position is a slot, then one slot can sample 2 points, i.e. two symbols; if the sampling position is a symbol, then one symbol can sample 2 points.

[0055] 3) R<1, used to indicate that one point is sampled in multiple sampling positions. For example, several symbols of channels are taken together as one point for joint channel estimation or information extraction.

[0056] Optionally, the terminal calculates the Doppler information with oversampling, and an oversampling multiple is configured by the base station or implicitly configured as an interval of time domain sampling points or an integer multiple of the interval. For example, the interval of time domain sampling points is calculated according to an interval of resources, that is, the interval of time domain sampling points is indicated by a first symbol in the resources.

[0057] In practice, the Doppler information includes at least one of the following: a Doppler frequency shift; a Doppler coefficient; a maximum Doppler frequency shift; a time domain correlation coefficient; and a strongest Doppler path shift value.

[0058] In the information determination method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the terminal obtains N groups of channel matrices through channel estimation based on CSI-RS information received at N time domain sampling points; then, K1 spatial domain orthogonal bases and M frequency domain orthogonal bases are determined based on the N groups of channel matrices or a channel matrix corresponding to a first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices; and then the terminal determines Doppler information of a channel at a second sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices based on each spatial domain orthogonal base and each frequency domain orthogonal base, so as to obtain the Doppler information. Since the first sampling point is a partial sampling point in the N time domain sampling points, the calculation overhead of the spatial domain orthogonal bases and the frequency domain orthogonal bases can be reduced, and thus the calculation overhead of the codebook can be reduced.

[0059] Optionally, after the terminal determines the Doppler information of the channel based on the N time domain sampling points, the terminal can send the Doppler information to the network side device; and the network side device performs channel state prediction based on the Doppler information and in combination with codebook information obtained by the network side device, so as to improve the accuracy of channel state prediction and reduce the CSI overhead and processing complexity.

[0060] Here, the triggering condition for the terminal to perform step 201 is described as follows:

[0061] The triggering condition for the terminal to perform step 201 can include that the terminal receives indication information sent by the network side device, and the indication information is used to instruct the terminal to determine Doppler information of a channel at N time domain sampling points; and then the terminal determines the Doppler information of the channel at the N time domain sampling points based on the indication information.

[0062] Specifically, before the terminal obtains N groups of channel matrices through channel estimation based on channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) information received at N time domain sampling points, the terminal receives indication information sent by the network side device; and the indication information is used to instruct the terminal to determine Doppler information of a channel at N time domain sampling points.

[0063] In practice, the indication information of the embodiments of the present application includes at least one of the following:

[0064] 1) the number of time-domain sampling points N;

[0065] 2) the position of time-domain sampling points;

[0066] 3) the interval of time-domain sampling points;

[0067] 4) the number of sampling positions;

[0068] 5) the multiple of sampling;

[0069] 6) the sampling period;

[0070] 7) the number and / or position of first sampling points. For example, there can be multiple first sampling points, which can be configured by the base station; for another example, the first sampling point is the first sampling point in the N time-domain sampling points by default; the position of the first sampling point can be configured by the base station or agreed by the protocol.

[0071] 8) the number and / or position of second sampling points;

[0072] 9) CSI-RS information;

[0073] 10) Doppler information reporting mode;

[0074] 11) trigger information, used to trigger the terminal to determine the Doppler information of the channel at the N time-domain sampling points.

[0075] Optionally, the Doppler information reporting mode includes at least one of the following:

[0076] a) a first reporting mode, used to indicate that the Doppler information and the codebook are reported simultaneously;

[0077] Specifically, in the case where the Doppler information reporting mode is the first reporting mode, the terminal reports the Doppler information and the codebook to the network side device simultaneously; for example, the terminal carries the Doppler information and the codebook in one message sent to the network side device. Alternatively, the terminal reports the Doppler information as part of the codebook, that is, the Doppler information and the codebook information are fused together for reporting.

[0078] b) a second reporting mode, used to indicate that the Doppler information and the codebook are reported independently.

[0079] For example, in the case where the Doppler information reporting mode is the second reporting mode, the Doppler information is reported independently, and if the terminal calculates the beam and the delay only according to the first sampling point, after receiving the CSI-RS at the first sampling point, the terminal can start calculating the codebook and reporting the codebook, that is, the terminal does not need to wait until the channel estimation at all auxiliary sampling points is completed and the Doppler information is obtained before reporting the codebook, thereby improving the efficiency of channel state prediction.

[0080] Optionally, the implementation manner in which the terminal determines the Doppler information of the channel at the second sampling point based on the N sets of channel matrices or the channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point in the N sets of channel matrices in step 202 can include steps 1 and 2, wherein:

[0081] Step 1: The terminal determines K1 spatial domain orthogonal bases and M frequency domain orthogonal bases based on the N sets of channel matrices or the channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point in the N sets of channel matrices.

[0082] Specifically, the terminal determines the M frequency domain orthogonal bases based on the channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point in the N sets of channel matrices, which includes that the terminal first determines L frequency domain orthogonal bases based on the channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point; the L is a positive integer greater than or equal to the M; and then the terminal determines the M frequency domain orthogonal bases from the L frequency domain orthogonal bases.

[0083] It should be noted that the L frequency domain orthogonal bases selected by the terminal are used for channel information reporting; and the network side device recovers the channel of the first sampling point based on the L frequency domain orthogonal bases and the corresponding spatial-frequency coefficients.

[0084] The M frequency domain orthogonal bases selected by the terminal from the L frequency domain orthogonal bases are used for Doppler coefficient calculation; and the network side device predicts the channel according to the M frequency domain orthogonal bases and the corresponding Doppler coefficients.

[0085] Step 2: The terminal determines the Doppler information at the second sampling point based on the K1 spatial domain orthogonal bases and the M frequency domain orthogonal bases; wherein the M and the K1 are positive integers.

[0086] Optionally, the CSI-RS frequency domain distribution of the first sampling point and the CSI-RS frequency domain distribution of the second sampling point are different; the CSI-RS frequency domain distribution of the first sampling point is relatively tight, and the first sampling point can be used for CSI calculation; the CSI-RS frequency domain distribution of the second sampling point is relatively loose; since the terminal can obtain the frequency domain orthogonal bases (i.e., delay information) and the spatial domain orthogonal bases (i.e., angle information) through the first sampling point, the terminal only needs to calculate the Doppler information through the N time domain sampling points.

[0087] When calculating the Doppler, if the frequency domain density of the first sampling point is greater than the frequency domain density of the second sampling point, only the frequency domain channel of the part of the first sampling point corresponding to the second sampling point is used.

[0088] Or, the frequency domain channel of the second sampling point is differentiated and expanded to the same frequency domain density as the first sampling point.

[0089] Specifically, the terminal determines the Doppler information at the second sampling point based on the spatial domain orthogonal bases and the frequency domain orthogonal bases in the following manners.

[0090] In a manner 1, when the frequency domain density of the first sampling point is greater than that of the second sampling point, the terminal determines the Doppler information based on the K1 spatial domain orthogonal bases, the M frequency domain orthogonal bases, and the channel at the frequency domain sampling position corresponding to the second sampling point in the first sampling point.

[0091] For example, when the frequency domain sampling points of the first time domain sampling point are N3, the length of the M selected frequency domain orthogonal bases is N3, and the frequency domain sampling points of the second time domain sampling point are N3 / 2.

[0092] The terminal corresponds the M frequency domain orthogonal bases with length N3 to M frequency domain orthogonal bases with length N3 / 2, for example, the first N3 / 2 or the odd or even position values.

[0093] In a manner 2, when the frequency domain density of the first sampling point is greater than that of the second sampling point, the terminal differentiates the frequency domain channel of the second sampling point to obtain an extended frequency domain channel of the second sampling point, wherein the frequency domain density of the extended frequency domain channel of the second sampling point is the same as that of the first sampling point; and the terminal determines the Doppler information based on the K1 spatial domain orthogonal bases, the M frequency domain orthogonal bases, and the extended frequency domain channel of the second sampling point.

[0094] Optionally, the port number of the second sampling point can be less than that of the first sampling point. The specific ports to be used can be configured by the base station or agreed by the protocol. For example, the first 8 ports of the first sampling point are used to facilitate the terminal to calculate the Doppler information.

[0095] For example, the port number of the second sampling point is half of that of the first sampling point.

[0096] For another example, the ports of the second sampling point are the same polarization ports as those of the first sampling point.

[0097] It should be noted that the port number and / or port number of the first sampling point can be configured by the protocol or the network side device; and the port number and / or port number of the second sampling point can be configured by the protocol or the network side device.

[0098] Optionally, in the case that the N time-domain sampling points include a first sampling point and a second sampling point, and the first sampling point and the second sampling point are different, the channel received by the first sampling point is used to calculate the CSI, including the selection of the spatial domain orthogonal basis (port selection) and the selection of the frequency domain orthogonal basis (delay selection); and the second sampling point is used to calculate the Doppler information.

[0099] For example, the terminal calculates the Doppler information corresponding to the N time-domain sampling points according to the spatial domain orthogonal basis and the frequency domain orthogonal basis calculated by the first sampling point.

[0100] Alternatively, the terminal calculates the CSI in the first sampling point, and then calculates the Doppler information of all N time-domain sampling points according to the spatial domain orthogonal basis and the frequency domain orthogonal basis calculated in the first sampling point.

[0101] Alternatively, the terminal jointly selects the spatial domain orthogonal basis and the frequency domain orthogonal basis in all time-domain sampling points, calculates the coefficients of the CSI in the first sampling point, and calculates the Doppler information in all time-domain sampling points.

[0102] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the positions of time-domain sampling points provided by an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 1, there are 8 time-domain sampling points in the time domain; the 8 time-domain sampling points can be divided into a main sampling point and auxiliary sampling points; each sampling point corresponds to a symbol, i.e., there are 8 symbols. Figure 3 The main sampling point is the first sampling point, i.e., the sampling point corresponding to the first column from left to right in FIG. 1, and the frequency domain density of the main sampling point is 1, i.e., there is 1 CSI-RS per PRB. Figure 3 The auxiliary sampling points are the sampling points other than the main sampling point among the 8 time-domain sampling points, and the frequency domain density of the auxiliary sampling points is 0.5, i.e., there is 1 CSI-RS per two PRBs, Figure 3 corresponding to the lattice pattern in FIG. 1.

[0103] The terminal can receive the CSI-RS and estimate the channel in the main sampling point and the auxiliary sampling points in FIG. 1. Figure 3 The terminal selects K1 spatial domain orthogonal bases and L frequency domain orthogonal bases according to the channel of the main sampling point, and completes the CSI calculation.

[0104] In addition, the terminal obtains K1*M space-frequency orthogonal bases according to the selected M frequency domain orthogonal bases and K1 spatial domain orthogonal bases, and calculates the corresponding Doppler information for each space-frequency orthogonal basis. For example, the frequency domain orthogonal basis corresponding to the i-th space-frequency orthogonal basis is a DFT vector with a length of 8, and the transformation formula is formula (1):

[0105]

[0106] wherein N3 represents the number of frequency domain sampling points, for example, in the case of FIG. 1, N3=8. Figure 3The number of sampling points in the intermediate frequency domain is the number of PRBs (equal to 8); is the transpose of the channel matrix; DFT j,i The jth DFT vector is represented, since there are only 4 auxiliary sampling points, the positions of which can be treated as 0, formula (1) is still used, that is, the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th bits of the DFT vector are valid, or the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th bits are valid.

[0107] Alternatively, instead of using an 8-point DFT, a 4-point DFT is used, and 2 times oversampling is performed, that is, after the Kronecker product of a 4-point DFT matrix and a 2-point DFT matrix, the first four rows are taken, and the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th columns and the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th columns correspond to different oversampling indexes (indexes), which match the positions in the frequency domain.

[0108] Alternatively, it is considered that the CSI-RS that is not estimated by the auxiliary sampling point is the same as the channel of the adjacent PRB; or the frequency domain channel of the auxiliary sampling point is differentiated to obtain complete 8 CSI-RS estimation, and an equivalent channel is obtained by performing 8-point DFT transformation on the 8 CSI-RS estimation and the main sampling point, and Doppler information is calculated.

[0109] The specific flow is described as follows:

[0110] 1) The terminal estimates the channel of 8 PRBs of the main sampling point, and obtains a 4*32 matrix for the corresponding frequency domain channel, wherein 4 is the number of terminal antennas, and 32 is the number of CSI-RSs;

[0111] 2) The terminal adds the second moments of the channels of the 8 PRBs, and calculates the optimal 12 spatial domain orthogonal bases, that is, the optimal 12 columns in a 32-point DFT matrix.

[0112] 3) The terminal multiplies the 4*32 channels of the 8 PRBs by the selected 12 DFT vectors, respectively, to obtain 8 4*12 equivalent channels.

[0113] 4) The terminal performs IDFT transformation on the 4*12 channels of the 8 PRBs to the delay domain to obtain 8 delay channels, selects the optimal 3 sampling points, that is, obtains 3 4*12 channels in the delay domain, and each delay corresponds to a DFT vector with a length of 8, that is, a frequency domain orthogonal base.

[0114] 5) The terminal combines the equivalent channels corresponding to each spatial domain-frequency domain orthogonal base of all time domain sampling points together, that is, 3 frequency domain orthogonal bases and 12 spatial domain orthogonal bases correspond to a 4*1 vector, that is, a column of a 4*12 matrix.

[0115] 6) The terminal calculates the Doppler coefficient for each spatial domain-frequency domain orthogonal base.

[0116] The information determination method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be executed by an information determination device. The information determination device provided in the embodiments of the present application is described by taking the information determination method executed by the information determination device as an example.

[0117] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an information determination device provided in the embodiments of the present application, as shown in the figure, the information determination device 400 is applied to a terminal and includes: Figure 4

[0118] The channel estimation module 401 is configured to perform channel estimation based on channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) information received at N time domain sampling points to obtain N groups of channel matrices; each time domain sampling point corresponds to each group of channel matrices in one-to-one correspondence; N is an integer greater than 1.

[0119] The determination module 402 is configured to determine Doppler information of a channel at a second sampling point based on the N groups of channel matrices or a channel matrix corresponding to a first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices.

[0120] The first sampling point is part of the N time domain sampling points; and the second sampling point is part of the N time domain sampling points or all of the N time domain sampling points.

[0121] In the information determination device provided in the embodiments of the present application, after channel estimation based on CSI-RS information received at N time domain sampling points to obtain N groups of channel matrices, K1 spatial domain orthogonal bases and M frequency domain orthogonal bases are determined based on the N groups of channel matrices or a channel matrix corresponding to a first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices, and then Doppler information of a channel at a second sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices is determined based on each spatial domain orthogonal base and each frequency domain orthogonal base, so that the Doppler information is obtained. Since the first sampling point is part of the N time domain sampling points, the calculation overhead of the spatial domain orthogonal bases and the frequency domain orthogonal bases can be reduced, and thus the calculation overhead of the codebook can be reduced.

[0122] Optionally, the determination module 402 is specifically configured to:

[0123] determine K1 spatial domain orthogonal bases and M frequency domain orthogonal bases based on the N groups of channel matrices or a channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices;

[0124] determine the Doppler information at the second sampling point based on each spatial domain orthogonal base and each frequency domain orthogonal base; wherein M and K1 are positive integers.

[0125] Optionally, the second sampling point includes at least one of the following: ​

[0126] sampling points in the N time-domain sampling points other than the first sampling point;

[0127] all sampling points in the N time-domain sampling points;

[0128] part of the sampling points in the N time-domain sampling points.

[0129] Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:

[0130] a sending module, configured to send the Doppler information to a network side device.

[0131] Optionally, the N time-domain sampling points comprise at least one of:

[0132] N continuous symbols in one time slot;

[0133] symbols at the same position in N time slots;

[0134] N symbols with the same symbol interval in multiple time slots.

[0135] Optionally, the CSI-RS information comprises at least one of:

[0136] unprecoded CSI-RS; spatially precoded CSI-RS; joint spatial and frequency precoded CSI-RS.

[0137] Optionally, the determining module 402 is specifically configured to:

[0138] determine L frequency-domain orthogonal bases based on a channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point; the L is a positive integer greater than or equal to the M;

[0139] determine the M frequency-domain orthogonal bases from the L frequency-domain orthogonal bases.

[0140] Optionally, the determining module 402 is specifically configured to, in a case where a frequency-domain density of the first sampling point is greater than a frequency-domain density of the second sampling point, determine the Doppler information based on the K1 spatial-domain orthogonal bases, the M frequency-domain orthogonal bases, and a channel at a frequency-domain sampling position of the first sampling point corresponding to the second sampling point.

[0141] Optionally, the determining module 402 is specifically configured to:

[0142] in a case where a frequency-domain density of the first sampling point is greater than a frequency-domain density of the second sampling point, difference value a frequency-domain channel of the second sampling point to obtain an extended frequency-domain channel of the second sampling point; wherein the frequency-domain density of the extended frequency-domain channel of the second sampling point is the same as the frequency-domain density of the first sampling point;

[0143] determining the Doppler information based on the K1 spatial domain orthogonal bases, the M frequency domain orthogonal bases, and the extended frequency domain channel of the second sampling point.

[0144] Optionally, the second sampling point has a port number less than that of the first sampling point.

[0145] Optionally, the second sampling point has a port number equal to half of that of the first sampling point.

[0146] Optionally, the ports of the second sampling point and the ports of the first sampling point are ports of the same polarization.

[0147] Optionally, the port number and / or port number of the first sampling point are determined by a protocol or configured by a network side device.

[0148] The port number and / or port number of the second sampling point are determined by a protocol or configured by a network side device.

[0149] Optionally, the N is determined by the number of sampling positions and the sampling multiple.

[0150] Optionally, the sampling positions include at least one of the following:

[0151] symbols; slots; resources; absolute time.

[0152] Optionally, the sampling multiple includes at least one of the following:

[0153] R = 1, indicating that one point is sampled at one sampling position; the R represents the sampling multiple;

[0154] R > 1, indicating that more than two points are sampled at one sampling position.

[0155] R < 1, indicating that one point is sampled at multiple sampling positions.

[0156] Optionally, the N time domain sampling points are continuously distributed or equally spaced.

[0157] Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:

[0158] a receiving module configured to receive indication information sent by a network side device; wherein the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal determines the Doppler information of the channel at N time domain sampling points.

[0159] Optionally, the indication information includes at least one of the following:

[0160] the number N of time domain sampling points;

[0161] the position of the time domain sampling point.

[0162] interval of time domain sampling points;

[0163] number of sampling positions;

[0164] multiple of sampling;

[0165] sampling period;

[0166] number and / or position of first sampling points;

[0167] number and / or position of second sampling points;

[0168] CSI-RS information;

[0169] Doppler information reporting manner;

[0170] trigger information, used for triggering the terminal to determine Doppler information of a channel at N time domain sampling points.

[0171] Optionally, the Doppler information reporting manner comprises at least one of the following:

[0172] a first reporting manner, used for indicating that Doppler information and a codebook are reported simultaneously;

[0173] a second reporting manner, used for indicating that Doppler information and a codebook are reported independently.

[0174] Optionally, the Doppler information comprises at least one of the following:

[0175] Doppler shift; Doppler coefficient; maximum Doppler shift; time domain correlation coefficient; strongest Doppler path offset value.

[0176] The information determination apparatus in the embodiments of the present application can be an electronic device, for example, an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in the electronic device, for example, an integrated circuit or a chip. The electronic device can be a terminal, or other devices other than the terminal. Exemplarily, the terminal can include, but is not limited to, the types of the terminal 11 listed above, and the other devices can be a server, a Network Attached Storage (NAS), etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0177] The information determination apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present application can implement each process of the method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects, and thus details are not repeated here. Figures 1 to 3

[0178] Figure 5 is one of structural diagrams of a terminal provided in the embodiments of the present application, as Figure 5 ​As shown in the figure, the terminal 500 includes a processor 501 and a memory 502, and the memory 502 stores programs or instructions executable on the processor 501, which, when executed by the processor 501, implements each step of the above information determination method embodiment and achieves the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described here.

[0179] The embodiment of the present application also provides a terminal, including a processor and a communication interface; wherein the processor is used for:

[0180] Channel estimation is performed based on channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) information received at N time domain sampling points, to obtain N groups of channel matrices; each time domain sampling point corresponds to each group of channel matrices; N is an integer greater than 1;

[0181] Doppler information of the channel is determined at a second sampling point based on the N groups of channel matrices or a channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices;

[0182] The first sampling point is part of the N time domain sampling points; and the second sampling point is part of the N time domain sampling points or all of the N time domain sampling points.

[0183] The terminal embodiment corresponds to the above-mentioned terminal-side method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation manner of the above-mentioned method embodiment can be applied to the terminal embodiment and can achieve the same technical effects.

[0184] Figure 6 is a second structural schematic diagram of the terminal provided by the embodiment of the present application, as Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the terminal 600 includes at least part of the components such as a radio frequency unit 601, a network module 602, an audio output unit 603, an input unit 604, a sensor 605, a display unit 606, a user input unit 607, an interface unit 608, a memory 609, and a processor 610.

[0185] Those skilled in the art can understand that the terminal 600 can also include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to each component, and the power supply can be logically connected to the processor 610 through a power management system, so as to realize functions such as management of charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system. Figure 6 The terminal structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the terminal, and the terminal can include more or fewer components than the figure, or combine certain components, or different component arrangements, which are not described here.

[0186] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the input unit 604 can include a graphics processing unit (GPU) 6041 and a microphone 6042. The graphics processor 6041 processes image data of a still picture or a video obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in a video capture mode or an image capture mode. The display unit 606 can include a display panel 6061, which can be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, etc. The user input unit 607 includes at least one of a touch panel 6071 and other input devices 6072. The touch panel 6071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 6071 can include two parts of a touch detection device and a touch controller. The other input devices 6072 can include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, on-off keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, a joystick, and the like, which will not be described here.

[0187] In the embodiments of the present application, after the radio frequency unit 601 receives the downlink data from the network side device, it can be transmitted to the processor 610 for processing. In addition, the radio frequency unit 601 can send uplink data to the network side device. Generally, the radio frequency unit 601 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low noise amplifier, a duplexer, etc.

[0188] The memory 609 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. The memory 609 can mainly include a first storage area storing programs or instructions and a second storage area storing data, wherein the first storage area can store an operating system, application programs or instructions required by at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like. In addition, the memory 609 can include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or the memory 609 can include both volatile and non-volatile memories. The non-volatile memory can be a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Programmable ROM (PROM), an Erasable PROM (EPROM), an Electrically EPROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Static RAM (SRAM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), a Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), an Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), a Synch link DRAM (SLDRAM), and a Direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 609 in the embodiments of the present application includes but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memories.

[0189] The processor 610 can include one or more processing units; optionally, the processor 610 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes operations related to an operating system, a user interface, and an application program, and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem processor can also not be integrated into the processor 610.

[0190] The processor 610 is configured to perform channel estimation based on channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) information received at N time domain sampling points, to obtain N groups of channel matrices; each time domain sampling point corresponds to each group of channel matrices in a one-to-one manner; N is an integer greater than 1.

[0191] determining Doppler information of the channel at a second sampling point based on the N groups of channel matrices or a channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices;

[0192] wherein the first sampling point is part of the N time-domain sampling points; and the second sampling point is part of or all of the N time-domain sampling points.

[0193] The terminal provided by the embodiments of the present application obtains N groups of channel matrices through channel estimation based on CSI-RS information received at N time-domain sampling points; then determines K1 spatial domain orthogonal bases and M frequency domain orthogonal bases based on the N groups of channel matrices or a channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices; and then determines Doppler information of the channel at a second sampling point based on each spatial domain orthogonal base and each frequency domain orthogonal base, so as to obtain the Doppler information. Since the first sampling point is part of the N time-domain sampling points, the calculation overhead of the spatial domain orthogonal bases and the frequency domain orthogonal bases can be reduced, and thus the calculation overhead of the codebook can be reduced.

[0194] The embodiments of the present application further provide a readable storage medium, which can be volatile or non-volatile. The readable storage medium stores a program or instructions, which are executed by a processor to implement each process of the above information determination method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0195] The processor is the processor in the terminal in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium, such as a computer readable only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0196] The embodiments of the present application further provide a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is configured to run a program or instructions to implement each process of the above information determination method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0197] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be referred to as a system chip, a system on chip (SOC), a chip system or a system on chip (SOC), etc.

[0198] The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program / program product stored in a storage medium. The computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement each process of the above information determination method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0199] It should be noted that, in the present document, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by "comprises... a" does not, without more constraints, exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. Furthermore, it is to be understood that the method and apparatus of the present application can be carried out by more than one process, method, article, or apparatus either simultaneously, concurrently, or with intervening action that are carried out at the same time, in any order, or in an overlapping manner. For example, the described method can be performed in a different order or simultaneously, and the various steps can be combined or omitted, or additional steps can be added, without departing from the scope of the described method. Also, features described with respect to certain examples can be combined in other examples.

[0200] From the above description of the embodiments, it is apparent that the above-described method can be implemented by software and necessary universal hardware platform, of course, it can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application can be embodied in the form of computer software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes a plurality of instructions for making a terminal (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) execute the method described in various embodiments of the present application.

[0201] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, which are merely illustrative rather than restrictive, and those of ordinary skill in the art can make many forms under the inspiration of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application and the scope protected by the claims.

Claims

1. An information determination method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: a terminal performs channel estimation based on channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) information received at N time domain sampling points, to obtain N groups of channel matrices; each time domain sampling point corresponds to each group of channel matrices; N is an integer greater than 1; the terminal determines Doppler information of a channel at a second sampling point based on the N groups of channel matrices or a channel matrix corresponding to a first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices; wherein the first sampling point is part of the N time domain sampling points; the second sampling point is part of the N time domain sampling points or all of the N time domain sampling points; the terminal determines Doppler information of a channel at a second sampling point based on the N groups of channel matrices or a channel matrix corresponding to a first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices, comprising: the terminal determines K1 spatial domain orthogonal bases and M frequency domain orthogonal bases based on the channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices; the terminal determines the Doppler information at the second sampling point based on each of the spatial domain orthogonal bases and each of the frequency domain orthogonal bases; wherein M and K1 are positive integers.

2. The information determination method according to claim 1, characterized by, The second sampling point comprises at least one of: sampling points other than the first sampling point in the N time domain sampling points; all of the N time domain sampling points; part of the N time domain sampling points.

3. The information determination method according to claim 1, characterized by, The method further comprises: the terminal sends the Doppler information to a network side device.

4. The information determination method according to claim 1, characterized by, The N time domain sampling points comprise at least one of: N consecutive symbols in a time slot; symbols at the same position in N time slots; N symbols with the same symbol interval in multiple time slots.

5. The information determination method according to claim 1, characterized by, The CSI-RS information comprises at least one of: non-precoded CSI-RS; spatially precoded CSI-RS; joint spatial and frequency precoded CSI-RS.

6. The information determination method according to claim 1, characterized by, The terminal determines M frequency domain orthogonal bases based on the channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices, comprising: the terminal determines L frequency domain orthogonal bases based on the channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point; L is a positive integer greater than or equal to M; the terminal determines the M frequency domain orthogonal bases from the L frequency domain orthogonal bases.

7. The information determination method according to claim 6, characterized by, The terminal determines the Doppler information at the second sampling point based on each of the spatial domain orthogonal bases and each of the frequency domain orthogonal bases, comprising: in the case where the frequency domain density of the first sampling point is greater than the frequency domain density of the second sampling point, the terminal determines the Doppler information based on the K1 spatial domain orthogonal bases, the M frequency domain orthogonal bases, and the channel of the frequency domain sampling position corresponding to the second sampling point in the first sampling point.

8. The information determination method according to claim 6, characterized by, The terminal determines the Doppler information at the second sampling point based on each of the spatial domain orthogonal bases and each of the frequency domain orthogonal bases, comprising: In a case that a frequency domain density of the first sampling point is greater than a frequency domain density of the second sampling point, the terminal differentiates a frequency domain channel of the second sampling point to obtain an extended frequency domain channel of the second sampling point; wherein the frequency domain density of the extended frequency domain channel of the second sampling point is the same as the frequency domain density of the first sampling point. The terminal determines the Doppler information based on the K1 spatial domain orthogonal bases, the M frequency domain orthogonal bases, and the extended frequency domain channel of the second sampling point.

9. The information determination method according to claim 1, characterized by, The number of ports of the second sampling point is less than the number of ports of the first sampling point.

10. The information determination method according to claim 9, characterized by, The number of ports of the second sampling point is equal to half of the number of ports of the first sampling point.

11. The information determination method according to claim 1, characterized by, The ports of the second sampling point are the same polarization ports as the ports of the first sampling point.

12. The information determination method according to claim 1, characterized by, The number of ports and / or port number of the first sampling point is determined by a protocol or a network side device. The number of ports and / or port number of the second sampling point is determined by a protocol or a network side device.

13. The information determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized by, The N is determined by a number of sampling positions and a sampling multiple.

14. The information determination method according to claim 13, characterized by, The sampling position comprises at least one of the following: a symbol; a slot; a resource; and an absolute time.

15. The information determination method according to claim 13, characterized by, The sampling multiple comprises at least one of the following: R=1, indicating that one point is sampled at one sampling position; the R represents the sampling multiple; R>1, indicating that more than two points are sampled at one sampling position; R<1, indicating that one point is sampled at multiple sampling positions.

16. The information determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized by, The N time domain sampling points are continuously distributed or equally spaced.

17. The information determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized by, Before the terminal performs channel estimation based on channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) information received at the N time domain sampling points to obtain N groups of channel matrices, the method further comprises: The terminal receives indication information sent by a network side device; wherein the indication information is used to indicate the terminal to determine Doppler information of a channel at the N time domain sampling points.

18. The information determination method according to claim 17, characterized by, The indication information comprises at least one of the following: a number N of time domain sampling points; a position of a time domain sampling point; an interval of a time domain sampling point; a number of sampling positions; a sampling multiple; a sampling period; a number and / or position of a first sampling point; a number and / or position of a second sampling point; CSI-RS information; a Doppler information reporting mode; trigger information, used to trigger the terminal to determine Doppler information of a channel at the N time domain sampling points.

19. The information determination method according to claim 18, characterized by, The Doppler information reporting mode comprises at least one of the following: a first reporting mode, used to indicate that Doppler information and a codebook are reported simultaneously; a second reporting mode, used to indicate that Doppler information and a codebook are reported independently.

20. The information determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized by, The Doppler information comprises at least one of the following: a Doppler frequency shift; a Doppler coefficient; a maximum Doppler frequency shift; a time domain correlation coefficient; and a strongest Doppler path offset value.

21. An information determining apparatus characterized by comprising: comprises: a channel estimation module, configured to perform channel estimation based on channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) information received at the N time domain sampling points to obtain N groups of channel matrices; each time domain sampling point corresponds to each group of channel matrices; and the N is an integer greater than 1. determining a Doppler information of the channel at a second sampling point based on the N groups of channel matrices or a channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices; wherein the first sampling point is part of the N time-domain sampling points; and the second sampling point is part of or all of the N time-domain sampling points. The determining a Doppler information of the channel at a second sampling point based on the N groups of channel matrices or a channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices comprises: determining K1 spatial-domain orthogonal bases and M frequency-domain orthogonal bases based on the channel matrix corresponding to the first sampling point in the N groups of channel matrices; determining the Doppler information at the second sampling point based on each of the spatial-domain orthogonal bases and each of the frequency-domain orthogonal bases; wherein M and K1 are positive integers.

22. A terminal, characterized by A processor and a memory, the memory stores programs or instructions executable on the processor, the programs or instructions are executed by the processor to implement the steps of the information determining method according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

23. A readable storage medium characterized by, The readable storage medium stores programs or instructions, the programs or instructions are executed by the processor to implement the steps of the information determining method according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

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