A method for banana bud positioning and production period control

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for targeted bud retention and production period control in banana cultivation, including bud retention principles, production period control, selection of primary buds, forced development of secondary buds, and production management. Specifically, production period control involves forcing secondary buds to develop based on the current banana crop's growth period, the following year's harvest time, and climatic conditions. For large banana plantations, this is done in 2-4 batches, with each batch spaced 0.5-3 months apart, achieving staggered market entry, reducing the risk of concentrated market entry, and improving economic benefits. Taking Guangxi as an example, the peak banana market period in Guangxi is from September to early October, with lower prices. Therefore, the time for retaining secondary buds is between July and early August and between late September and early November. Using this method, banana buds can be selectively retained at deeper buds, improving yield and quality, concentrating and controlling the production period, simplifying management, increasing economic benefits, and extending the management lifespan of the banana plantation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of banana planting, in particular to a method for positioning and retaining buds and regulating the production period of bananas. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the methods for planting bananas mainly include new planting and old planting. The old planting method has low production cost and guaranteed yield and is the most commonly used method in production. The most critical node of the old planting production is bud retention. The time, position and uniformity of bud retention determine the time of banana marketing, yield and quality and the degree of difficulty of production management. Therefore, bud retention is crucial to the management of old planting bananas. However, in the actual production, due to the un-planned bud retention of old planting for many years or the floating head phenomenon of new north bananas and other varieties due to the characteristics of easy floating head, the old planting buds of banana plantations have the problems of serious floating head phenomenon, uneven growth of bananas, weak water and fertilizer absorption, easy lodging of bananas, increased workload and management difficulty of rowing and ridging, lengthened management cycle, unstable yield and quality and reduced economic benefits.

[0003] CN 113854061 A method for selecting a banana directional low-position secondary bud retention result plant discloses a method for directional low-position secondary bud retention of bananas, including the operation steps of bud retention time, selection of primary buds, land leveling treatment, application of bud promoting agents and selection of secondary buds, but the land leveling treatment and application of bud promoting agents have large workload and complex operation, and the marketing of bananas is prone to excessive concentration, resulting in low sales price. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the problems pointed out in the background, the application provides a method for positioning and retaining buds and regulating the production period of bananas, which realizes directional deep bud retention of old planting banana buds, improves the yield and quality of banana plantations, makes the production period of banana plantations concentrated and controllable, facilitates the management, improves the economic benefits of banana plantations and prolongs the management life of banana plantations.

[0005] The method for positioning and retaining buds and regulating the production period of bananas comprises the following steps:

[0006] (1) Bud retention principle: straighten the drip tape or spray tape parallel to the original planting row, the direction of banana bud retention is parallel to the drip tape or spray tape, the distance from the spray tape or drip tape is 30-50 cm, and the distance between the connected buds conforms to the original planting width; the multi-generation banana is retained in a zigzag shape;

[0007] (2) Production period regulation: the second buds are forced to grow according to the growth period of bananas, the harvesting time of the second year and the climate conditions, the second buds are forced to grow in 2-4 batches when the area of the banana plantation is large, the interval between each batch is 0.5-3 months, the bananas are marketed in a staggered manner, the risk of concentrated marketing is reduced, and the economic benefits are improved; taking Guangxi as an example, the peak period of banana marketing is from September to the early October, and the sales price is low, therefore, the time for forcing the second buds to grow should be between early July and early August and between late September and early November;

[0008] (3) Selecting and retaining one bud: After the banana canopy is closed, select a strong first bud with a sword leaf in a suitable position and below the ground according to the bud retention principle in step (1). Before the second bud is forced to grow, the circumference of the first bud at 10 cm should be more than 35 cm. If the first bud grows too tall and affects the growth of the mother plant and fruiting, the bud can be cut off at 10-25 cm above the ground. All other suckers should be removed.

[0009] (4) Force the growth of secondary buds: After determining the time to retain buds, use a knife to make a flat cut on the pseudostem of the first bud 3-6 cm above the ground. Use a clean, fine-tipped bud-removing shovel or other tools to dig out the core of the pseudostem of the first bud and destroy the growth point. This work should be completed within 7 days. Strengthen water irrigation and keep the soil moist.

[0010] (5) Selecting and retaining second-line buds: After 5-10 days of forcing the second-line buds to sprout, second-line red buds will emerge. When the second-line red buds grow to 40-60 cm, select healthy second-line red buds with suitable positions, deep buds, and consistent growth according to the bud retention principle in step (1). Remove all other suckers.

[0011] (6) Production management: In accordance with the standard management of high-quality bananas, the management content includes ensuring water supply, applying fertilizer as needed, banana bud management and pest and disease control, etc.

[0012] The method of this invention can achieve concentrated and controllable production in existing banana plantations, avoiding excessive concentration of banana plantations or scattered production periods, thus improving economic benefits. This invention does not require soil leveling or application of bud-promoting agents to force the growth of secondary buds; instead, it uses bud cutting and core removal to force the growth of secondary buds, resulting in high labor efficiency and low labor intensity. The direction of the banana buds is parallel to the drip or spray tape and 30-50 cm away. Multiple generations of bananas are left with buds in a zigzag pattern, improving the efficiency of water and fertilizer absorption and root growth space.

[0013] The method of this invention enables banana planters to be planted in oriented rows, resulting in uniform spacing between plants and rows in the banana plantation, which is beneficial for fertilization, ventilation and light penetration; it also allows banana plants to retain deep buds, significantly reducing the rate of banana plants surfacing, reducing the intensity of later operations such as hilling, and improving the lodging resistance of banana plants; the method is simple and quick to operate and highly practical. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a banana positioning method with two buds according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the method of retaining two buds in multi-generational banana plantations according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Example

[0017] A method for banana bud positioning and production period control includes the following steps:

[0018] (1) Bud retention principle: Straighten the drip tape or spray tape parallel to the original planting row, and retain banana buds parallel to the drip tape or spray tape, at a distance of 30-50 cm from the spray tape or drip tape. The spacing between connected suckers should be more than 80 cm. Figure 1 As shown, cut the first bud in a suitable position and remove the core to force the growth of a second bud. Select a suitable bud from the second bud as the mother bud for the next crop.

[0019] Multigenerational bananas retain buds in a zigzag pattern, such as Figure 2 As shown, each mother bud is left parallel to the drip tape, with a distance of 30-60 cm between the mother bud and the drip tape, so that the roots can absorb the water and nutrients from the drip irrigation.

[0020] (2) Production period regulation: The first batch of Guijiao No. 1 was forced to sprout second buds in late July, and the second batch was forced to sprout second buds in early October;

[0021] (3) Selecting and retaining one bud: After the banana canopy is closed, select a strong first bud with a sword leaf in a suitable position below the ground according to the principle of bud retention. Before the second bud is forced to grow, the circumference of the first bud at 10 cm should be more than 35 cm. If the first bud grows too tall and affects the growth of the mother plant and fruiting, the bud can be cut off at 10-25 cm above the ground. All other suckers should be removed.

[0022] (4) Force the growth of secondary buds: After determining the time to retain buds, use a knife to make a flat cut on the pseudostem of the first bud 3-6 cm above the ground. Use a clean, fine-tipped bud-removing shovel or other tools to dig out the core of the pseudostem of the first bud and destroy the growth point. This work should be completed within 7 days. Strengthen water irrigation and keep the soil moist.

[0023] (5) Selecting and retaining second-line buds: After 5-10 days of forcing the second-line buds to sprout, the second-line red buds will emerge. When the second-line red buds grow to about 50 cm, select healthy second-line red buds with suitable positions, deep buds and consistent growth according to the principle of bud retention. Remove all other suckers.

[0024] (6) Production management: In accordance with the standard management of high-quality bananas, the management content includes ensuring water supply, applying fertilizer as needed, banana bud management and pest and disease control, etc. Example

[0025] A method for banana bud positioning and production period control includes the following steps:

[0026] (1) Principle of bud retention: Straighten the drip tape or spray tape parallel to the original planting row, and keep the banana buds parallel to the drip tape or spray tape, etc., at a distance of 30-50 cm from the spray tape or drip tape, and keep the plant spacing of connected suckers at more than 80 cm; multi-generation bananas retain buds in a "Z" shape;

[0027] (2) Production period regulation: The first batch of Taiwan bananas was forced to sprout second buds in mid-July, and the second batch was forced to sprout second buds in late September;

[0028] (3) Selecting and retaining one bud: After the banana canopy is closed, select a strong first bud with a sword leaf in a suitable position below the ground according to the principle of bud retention. Before the second bud is forced to grow, the circumference of the first bud at 10 cm should be more than 35 cm. If the first bud grows too tall and affects the growth of the mother plant and fruiting, the bud can be cut off at 10-25 cm above the ground. All other suckers should be removed.

[0029] (4) Force the growth of secondary buds: After determining the time to retain buds, use a knife to make a flat cut on the pseudostem of the first bud 3-6 cm above the ground. Use a clean, fine-tipped bud-removing shovel or other tools to dig out the core of the pseudostem of the first bud and destroy the growth point. This work should be completed within 7 days. Strengthen water irrigation and keep the soil moist.

[0030] (5) Selecting and retaining second-line buds: After 5-10 days of forcing the second-line buds to sprout, the second-line red buds will emerge. When the second-line red buds grow to about 50 cm, select healthy second-line red buds with suitable positions, deep buds and consistent growth according to the principle of bud retention. Remove all other suckers.

[0031] (6) Production management: In accordance with the standard management of high-quality bananas, the management content includes ensuring water supply, applying fertilizer as needed, banana bud management and pest and disease control, etc.

[0032] Baodao banana is the main disease-resistant variety in Guangxi because its growth period is about 20 days longer than that of Guijiao No. 1, and all operations need to be carried out about ten days earlier than those of Guijiao No. 1. Example

[0033] A method for banana bud positioning and production period control includes the following steps:

[0034] (1) Principle of bud retention: Straighten the drip tape or spray tape parallel to the original planting row, and keep the banana buds parallel to the drip tape or spray tape, etc., at a distance of 30-50 cm from the spray tape or drip tape. The plant spacing between connected suckers should be more than 80 cm. For multi-generation bananas, buds should be retained in a "zigzag" shape.

[0035] (2) Production period regulation: Guijiao No. 1 was forced to sprout second-stage buds in three batches. The first batch was forced to sprout second-stage buds in mid-July, the second batch was forced to sprout second-stage buds in early October, and the third batch was forced to sprout second-stage buds in early November.

[0036] (3) Selecting and retaining one bud: After the banana canopy is closed, select a strong first bud with a sword leaf in a suitable position below the ground according to the principle of bud retention. Before the second bud is forced to grow, the circumference of the first bud at 10 cm should be more than 35 cm. If the first bud grows too tall and affects the growth of the mother plant and fruiting, the bud can be cut off at 10-25 cm above the ground. All other suckers should be removed.

[0037] (4) Force the growth of secondary buds: After determining the time for retaining buds, use a knife to make a horizontal cut on the pseudostem of the primary bud 3-6 cm above the ground. Use a clean, fine-tipped bud-removing shovel or other tools to dig out the growing point of the pseudostem of the primary bud. This work should be completed within 7 days. Strengthen irrigation and keep the soil moist;

[0038] (5) Selecting and retaining second-line buds: After 5-10 days of forcing the second-line buds to sprout, the second-line red buds will emerge. When the second-line red buds grow to about 50 cm, select healthy second-line red buds with suitable positions, deep buds and consistent growth according to the principle of bud retention. Remove all other suckers.

[0039] (6) Production management: In accordance with the standard management of high-quality bananas, the management content includes ensuring water supply, applying fertilizer as needed, banana bud management and pest and disease control, etc.

[0040] Comparative Example 1

[0041] A method for banana bud positioning and production period control includes the following steps:

[0042] Bud retention principle: Straighten the drip tape or spray tape parallel to the original planting row, and keep the banana buds parallel to the drip tape or spray tape, 30-50 cm away from the spray tape or drip tape. The spacing between connected suckers should be more than 80 cm. For multi-generation bananas, retain buds in a "Z" shape.

[0043] (2) Production period control: Buds are retained in late August as usual;

[0044] (3) Selecting and retaining one bud: After the banana canopy is closed, according to the principle of retaining buds, select a strong first bud with a sword leaf in a suitable position and below the ground. Before the second bud is forced to grow, the circumference of the first bud at 10 cm should be more than 35 cm. If the first bud grows too tall and affects the growth of the mother plant and fruiting, the bud can be cut off at 10-25 cm above the ground. All other suckers should be removed.

[0045] (4) Force the growth of secondary buds: In late August, use a knife to make a flat cut on the pseudostem of the primary bud 3-6 cm above the ground. Use a clean, fine-tipped bud-removing shovel and other tools to dig out the core of the pseudostem of the primary bud and destroy the growth point. This work should be completed within 7 days. Strengthen water irrigation and keep the soil moist.

[0046] (5) Selecting and retaining second-line buds: After 5-10 days of forcing the second-line buds to sprout, the second-line red buds will emerge. When the second-line red buds grow to about 50 cm, select healthy second-line red buds with suitable positions, deep buds and consistent growth according to the principle of bud retention. Remove all other suckers.

[0047] (6) Production management: In accordance with the standard management of high-quality bananas, the management content includes ensuring water supply, applying fertilizer as needed, banana bud management and pest and disease control, etc.

[0048] Comparative Example 2

[0049] A method for banana bud positioning and production period control includes the following steps:

[0050] (1) Principle of bud retention: Straighten the drip tape or spray tape parallel to the original planting row, and keep the banana buds parallel to the drip tape or spray tape, etc., at a distance of 30-50 cm from the spray tape or drip tape. The plant spacing between connected suckers should be more than 80 cm. For multi-generation bananas, buds should be retained in a "zigzag" shape.

[0051] (2) Production period regulation: Guijiao No. 1 was selected to retain buds in three batches. The first batch was selected in late July, the second batch was selected in early October, and the third batch was selected in early November.

[0052] (3) Select one bud: Select suckers with relatively consistent growth according to the time of bud retention, and use the sucker as the mother plant for the next crop;

[0053] (4) Production management: In accordance with the standard management of high-quality bananas, the management content includes ensuring water supply, applying fertilizer as needed, banana bud management and pest and disease control, etc.

[0054] Comparative Example 3

[0055] Using traditional methods, suckers with relatively uniform growth are selected from the banana plants of Taiwan, and these suckers are used as the mother plants for the next crop.

[0056] Comparative Example 4

[0057] Using traditional methods to retain buds, suckers with relatively consistent growth were selected from Guijiao No. 1, and these suckers were used as the mother plants for the next crop.

[0058] Using the method of this invention, an experiment was conducted in May 2021 at the Zhubu Banana Base in Ningming County, Chongzuo City, Guangxi. The ninth crop of Guijiao No. 1 and the second crop of Baodao Banana Garden were selected, with a total of 7 treatments T1-T7, each with 300 plants.

[0059] Using the bud retention methods and production period control of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4, the planting conditions of different treatments in TI-T7 were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in the table below:

[0060]

[0061] As shown in the table above, the method of bud positioning and production period control according to this invention significantly reduces the proportion of exposed bulbs (defined as the widest part of the bulb protruding above the soil surface) compared to traditional bud retention treatments. This significantly improves the uniformity of the banana plantation, which is beneficial for production management, ventilation, and light penetration. The plants' proximity to the drip irrigation system also facilitates water and fertilizer absorption. Furthermore, this method can significantly control the banana production period, preventing excessive concentration of bananas in the market and increasing selling prices, thus improving economic benefits. In the T3 treatment, the third batch of buds reaches its peak harvest period in December. However, areas like Guangxi are susceptible to cold air in December, affecting banana yield and quality, and even frost damage, posing a high risk. Therefore, T1 and T2 are the optimal methods.

Claims

1. A method for positioning and controlling the budding and production period of banana, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: (1) the principle of leaving buds: the direction of leaving buds of bananas is parallel to the drip or spray belt, and the distance from the spray or drip belt is 30-50 cm, and the distance between the connected buds conforms to the original planting width; Multi-generation bananas are left in a zigzag pattern; (2) production period regulation: according to the growth period of bananas, the harvesting time in the second year and the climate conditions, the second buds are forced to grow, for example, if the area of a banana garden is large, the second buds are forced to grow in 2-4 batches, and the interval between each batch is 0.5-3 months; (3) selection and leaving of the first buds: after the bananas are planted, the healthy first sword leaf buds below the ground level are selected and left according to the principle of leaving buds in step (1); before the second buds are forced to grow, the base of the first buds 10 cm away should be 35-60 cm long, and if the first buds grow too high and large, they can be cut at a height of 10-25 cm from the ground, and the remaining buds are completely removed; (4) forcing the second buds to grow: after the time for leaving buds is determined, the pseudostems 3-6 cm away from the ground are cut flat, and the pseudostems of the first buds are excavated to destroy the growth points, and this work is completed within 7 days, and water irrigation is strengthened to keep the soil moist; (5) selection and leaving of the second buds: after the second buds are forced to grow for 5-10 days, the second red buds are selected and left according to the principle of leaving buds in step (1), and the remaining buds are completely removed; (6) production management: the existing standard management of high-quality bananas is followed, and the management content includes ensuring water supply, applying fertilizers as needed, managing banana suckers and preventing and controlling diseases and pests.

2. The method for positioning and controlling the budding and production period of banana according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the production period regulation, for example in Guangxi, the time for forcing the second buds to grow is between July and early August and between late September and early November.

3. The method for positioning and controlling the budding and production period of banana according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step (2), the production period regulation, for example for Guijiao No. 1, the first batch of second buds is forced to grow in late July, and the second batch is forced to grow in early October.

4. The method for positioning and controlling the budding and production period of banana according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step (2), the production period regulation, for example for Bao Dao banana, the first batch of second buds is forced to grow in mid-July, and the second batch is forced to grow in late September.

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