Gas-liquid-liquid impinging stream high gravity device, system and control method

Abstract

The application provides a gas-liquid-liquid impinging stream supergravity device, a system and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of supergravity chemical process intensification. The device comprises a shell, a filler layer, a driving element, an annular liquid distributor, an upper liquid inlet, a lower liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, a gas inlet and a gas outlet. The application is suitable for gas-liquid-liquid and gas-liquid-liquid-solid multiphase reactions, rapid mixing, mass transfer and (catalytic) reaction of liquid-liquid two-phase under the protection of a special gas atmosphere, and violent and rapid reactions which are prone to heat release or heat absorption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of hypergravity chemical process intensification, and specifically discloses a gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device, system and control method. Background Technology

[0002] Hypergravity technology is one of the chemical process intensification technologies. It provides a hypergravity field for fluids, forming micro- and nano-scale fluid elements to achieve rapid contact and mass transfer. Utilizing a rotating packed bed (rotating packed bed) device, liquids are stretched or torn into tiny liquid filaments, droplets, and films under enormous shear forces. Under high-speed rotation, the liquid phase fluid can be atomized, significantly increasing the specific surface area of ​​the liquid and thus enhancing the mass transfer process. It is widely used in chemical unit operations such as reaction and extraction, absorption, adsorption, distillation, multiphase separation, evaporation and crystallization, and heating.

[0003] Hypergravity equipment can be categorized into various rotating packed beds used for gas-liquid two-phase mass transfer, impinging flow rotating packed beds used for liquid-liquid mixing mass transfer and liquid-liquid-solid catalytic reaction processes, and hypergravity equipment with various flow patterns, such as spiral, baffle, and embedded rotating packed beds. Based on the gas-liquid contact method, it can be classified as cross-flow, counter-flow, and co-flow; based on the number of packing layers, it can be classified as single-stage, two-stage, and multi-stage; and based on the rotation direction of the packing layers, it can be classified as horizontal and vertical.

[0004] The impinging flow rotating packed bed proposed by Professor Liu Youzhi of North University of China couples impinging flow technology with rotating packed bed. It utilizes two high-speed jets to collide with each other, and the impinging mist surface formed after the impact mixing enters the inner side of the rotating packed bed radially. The weaker mixing edge of the impinging mist surface is further mixed in the rotating packed bed.

[0005] Existing hypergravity devices can achieve contact mixing of gas-liquid, liquid-liquid, gas-liquid-solid, and liquid-liquid-solid. Examples include the impact flow structure and impact flow rotating packed bed disclosed in Chinese patent CN104226202A; the three-nozzle impact flow structure and three-nozzle impact flow-rotating packed bed device disclosed in CN104226203B; a hypergravity reaction device and its application disclosed in CN110026145B; a liquid distributor for a multi-stage cross-flow-counterflow rotating packed bed and its application disclosed in CN108079752A; and a multi-stage... The following are listed: Cross-flow rotating packed bed mass transfer and reaction equipment; a gas flow counter-shear rotating packed bed mass transfer and reaction equipment disclosed in CN103463829B; a hypergravity device for efficient coupling and enhancement of liquid-liquid heterogeneous reaction and product two-phase separation process disclosed in CN113769684A; a system and method for simultaneous removal of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide gas disclosed in CN106268285B; a hypergravity multiphase catalytic reactor device and its application disclosed in CN114849595A; and a flue gas purification system and its application disclosed in CN107754495B.

[0006] Gas-liquid-liquid three-phase reactions are numerous, including carboxylation, polymerization, other biochemical reactions, and the synthesis of fine chemical products. In recent years, the application and research of gas-liquid-liquid three-phase reaction systems have increased significantly. Researchers have focused on adding a second liquid phase to greatly improve the mass transfer rate of gas in the continuous phase. Researchers have found that the addition of a second phase can increase the absorption rate of gas-liquid mass transfer by 1-4 times. The master's thesis, "Reaction Network and Kinetics Study of Gas-Liquid-Liquid Three-Phase Catalytic Oxidation Synthesis of 2,3,5-Trimethylbenzoquinone," reported the use of a multi-necked flask as a reactor for three-phase catalytic oxidation. Gas-liquid-liquid three-phase reaction extraction is an important part of integrated reaction extraction systems. The doctoral dissertation, "Basic Research on Gas-Liquid-Liquid Reaction Extraction for Hydrogen Peroxide Preparation," reported that introducing gas during extraction can achieve stirring and disturbance in the tower equipment, enhancing the mass transfer between the liquid and liquid phases, thereby improving extraction efficiency. The overall plate efficiency of gas-liquid-liquid three-phase extraction is about twice that of ordinary liquid-liquid two-phase extraction. Further development suggests that gas can function not only as a disturbance source but also as a reactant, enabling simultaneous reaction and extraction processes. Gas-liquid-liquid three-phase reaction extraction processes are far more complex than liquid-liquid two-phase reaction extraction processes, involving gas-liquid transfer, gas-liquid reaction, and liquid-liquid transfer processes. Devices for simultaneous, rapid contact mass transfer in gas-liquid-liquid and gas-liquid-liquid-solid processes are relatively rare. Directly placing gas inlets and outlets on an impinging flow rotating packed bed results in irregular gas flow paths, low gas utilization, and is unsuitable for multiphase reaction processes. Existing impinging flow hypergravity devices involve the collision of two liquid streams. While collision is most effective for liquid-liquid mass transfer reactions, it results in a small and singular impact surface, significant flow velocity losses, and is unsuitable for large-scale devices. It also easily clogs nozzles and hinders liquid-gas contact, making it unsuitable for gas-liquid-liquid mass transfer and reaction. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing impact flow hypergravity devices, this invention provides a gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device suitable for gas-liquid-liquid and gas-liquid-liquid-solid multiphase reactions, rapid mixing, mass transfer, and (catalytic) reactions of liquid-liquid two-phase reactions under the protection of a special gas atmosphere, as well as violent and rapid reactions that are easily exothermic or endothermic. Based on the above-mentioned gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device, this invention also provides a supporting system and control method.

[0008] This invention provides a gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device, comprising a shell, a packing layer, a driving element, an annular liquid distributor, an upper liquid inlet, a lower liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, a gas inlet, and a gas outlet. The packing layer includes an upper packing layer and a lower packing layer, both located within the shell. The upper packing layer includes an upper baffle and an upper packing annular column. The upper surface of the upper packing annular column is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the upper baffle, and the upper baffle and the upper packing annular column are coaxially arranged. The lower packing layer includes a lower baffle and a lower packing annular column. The lower baffle is coaxially arranged with the upper baffle. The lower surface of the lower packing annular column is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower baffle, and the lower baffle and the lower packing annular column are coaxially arranged. The upper and lower packing annular columns are nested alternately. One set of the upper and lower packing layers is fixed within the shell, and the other set is driven to rotate by the driving element; or both sets of packing layers are driven to rotate in the same or opposite directions, at the same speed, or at a different speed by the driving element. The annular liquid distributor includes an upper annular liquid distributor and a lower annular liquid distributor, both located within the innermost packing annular column and coaxially arranged with the packing layer. They are connected to the upper liquid inlet and the lower liquid inlet, respectively. Liquid injection channels are provided on opposite surfaces, which are circular holes or linear openings evenly distributed along the circumference. The liquid injection channels of the upper and lower annular liquid distributors correspond vertically and are both inclined towards the outer edge of the annular liquid distributor. Liquid is sprayed out from the annular liquid distributor, passes through the packing annular column, and exits the outer shell through the liquid outlet. Gas is introduced into the outer shell through the gas inlet, passes through the packing annular column, passes through the cylindrical cavity of the innermost packing annular column, and exits through the gas outlet. Gas and liquid flow counter-currently at the packing annular column. Alternatively, gas is introduced into the outer shell through the gas inlet, passes through the cylindrical cavity of the innermost packing annular column, passes through the packing annular column, and exits through the gas outlet. Gas and liquid flow concurrently at the packing annular column.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper baffle is a disc structure with at least one ring of upper annular grooves and at least one ring of upper annular bosses concentrically arranged, the upper annular grooves and upper annular bosses being staggered; the lower baffle is a disc structure with at least one ring of lower annular grooves concentrically arranged; the upper surface of the upper packing annular column is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate of the upper annular groove, and the lower surface of the upper packing annular column opposite to the lower annular groove is embedded in the lower annular groove; the upper surface of the lower packing annular column is embedded in the upper annular boss.

[0010] Furthermore, a drain hole is provided on the side wall of the lower annular groove; the liquid outlet passes through the outer shell and is located below the lower packing layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the aforementioned gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device also includes an upper connecting shaft and a lower connecting shaft; the upper connecting shaft passes through the outer shell and connects to the upper baffle; the lower connecting shaft passes through the outer shell and connects to the lower baffle; the upper liquid inlet passes through the upper connecting shaft, and the upper liquid inlet, the upper connecting shaft, and the upper packing layer are coaxially arranged; the lower liquid inlet passes through the lower connecting shaft, and the lower liquid inlet, the lower connecting shaft, and the lower packing layer are coaxially arranged; the gas inlet passes through the outer shell and is perpendicular to the packing annular column, and the gas outlet passes through the annular space between the connecting shaft and the liquid inlet and is coaxially arranged with the annular space; or the gas inlet passes through the annular space between the connecting shaft and the liquid inlet and is coaxially arranged with the annular space, and the gas outlet passes through the outer shell and is perpendicular to the packing annular column.

[0012] Furthermore, the driving element is a motor; the connecting shaft corresponding to the rotatable packing layer is driven to rotate by the motor, and is rotatably connected to the outer shell and to the liquid inlet, gas inlet, and gas outlet.

[0013] Furthermore, the baffle corresponding to the packing layer fixed inside the shell is directly fixed to the inner wall of the shell or suspended inside the shell through a baffle frame; the baffle frame is a cylindrical structure, with one end fixed to the inner wall of the shell and the other end fixed to the baffle, and the inner and outer spaces of the baffle frame are enclosed; the connecting shaft corresponding to the packing layer fixed inside the shell is sealed to the shell and sealed to the liquid inlet, gas inlet and gas outlet.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer shell is a cylindrical structure; the baffle in the filler layer is parallel to the circular end face of the outer shell; in the upper baffle, the side wall of the outermost upper annular groove or upper annular boss extends vertically outward to form an eave, which is located below the top plate of the upper annular boss.

[0015] This invention provides a gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity system, comprising a gas buffer tank, a fan, a gas flow meter, a liquid storage tank I, a pump I, a liquid flow meter I, a liquid storage tank II, a pump II, a liquid flow meter II, a liquid storage tank III, a valve III, and the aforementioned gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device; the gas buffer tank is connected to the inlet of the fan, the outlet of the fan is connected to the inlet of the gas flow meter, and the outlet of the gas flow meter is connected to the gas inlet; the liquid storage tank I is connected to the inlet of pump I, the outlet of pump I is connected to the inlet of liquid flow meter I, and the outlet of liquid flow meter I is connected to the upper liquid inlet; the liquid storage tank II is connected to the inlet of pump II, the outlet of pump II is connected to the inlet of liquid flow meter II, and the outlet of liquid flow meter II is connected to the lower liquid inlet; the liquid outlet is connected to the inlet of valve III, and the outlet of valve III is connected to liquid storage tank III.

[0016] This invention provides a control method for the aforementioned gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity system. The method involves adjusting the rotational speed of the packing layer in the gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device using a frequency converter. Gas passes through a gas flow meter with controlled flow rate and enters the packing annular column through the gas inlet. Two liquids pass through liquid flow meters with controlled flow rate and enter the upper and lower annular liquid distributors through the upper and lower liquid inlets, respectively. The two liquids undergo tilted impact, resulting in the gas phase mixing with the two liquids in the first contact, forming an annular impact surface larger than the diameter of the annular liquid distributor. The impact surface disperses outwards at a preset speed into the packing annular column. The gas and two liquids undergo multiple contact mixing and dispersion within the packing annular column. The gas phase exits through the gas outlet, and the liquid phase exits through the liquid outlet.

[0017] Furthermore, by controlling the size and tilt angle of the liquid injection channel on the annular liquid distributor, as well as the flow rates of the two liquids, the flow velocity direction and impact surface of the two liquids after the tilted impact are both parallel to the radial direction of the packing annular column.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The above-mentioned gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device realizes the process of mass transfer or heat transfer of gas-liquid-liquid and gas-liquid-liquid-solid (solids entering the device with liquid, solids generated in the device reaction or catalyst solids loaded in the packing) multiphase mixtures, and realizes the control of gas-liquid countercurrent or cocurrent contact mode and flow path.

[0020] 2. The packing layer structure has been improved. The upper and lower packing ring columns are nested in an alternating manner. When gas and liquid pass through the packing ring columns, the gas and liquid passing between two adjacent packing ring columns will re-enter the next packing ring column. This changes the velocity and dispersion state of the gas and liquid multiple times, improves the gas utilization rate, increases the degree of gas turbulence and disturbance, increases the end effect of gas-liquid mass transfer, and further enhances the gas-liquid mass transfer and reaction process.

[0021] 3. The baffle adopts a concave-convex structure. Under the conditions of high-speed rotation and tortuous space, the air pressure between the upper baffle and the lower packing ring column, and between the lower baffle and the upper packing ring column, will be higher than the air pressure inside the packing ring column, forming an air seal, which can improve the problem of gas short-circuit leakage.

[0022] 4. The liquid injection channel is inclined towards the outer edge of the annular liquid distributor, so that the impact liquid surface formed by the annular liquid distributor is located on one side of the liquid injection channel and at a greater distance, which can avoid clogging of the liquid injection channel; it can form a good impact effect, and the impact surface and the liquid flow rate are much greater than those of existing liquid distributors, making it more suitable for large equipment and large liquid volume processing conditions; the impact surface and liquid velocity direction are parallel to the radial direction of the packing annular column, the flow velocity is greater than the flow velocity formed by existing liquid distributors, the impact loss is smaller, and it can flow to the packing layer at a higher speed;

[0023] 5. The packing rings in the packing layer contain various chemical packings and catalysts, which enriches the packing structure of the hypergravity device and broadens its application range. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device (both the upper and lower packing layers rotate, and the gas and liquid flow in countercurrents);

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device (the upper packing layer is fixed, the lower packing layer rotates, and the gas and liquid flow in parallel).

[0027] Figure 3 This is the front view of the upper baffle;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A bottom view;

[0029] Figure 5 This is the front view of the lower baffle;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Top view;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Front view of the lower annular groove;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Top view;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a front view of the annular liquid distributor;

[0034] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A bottom view;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity system.

[0036] In the diagram: 1-Outer shell; 2.1.1-Upper baffle; 2.1.2-Upper packing annular column; 2.1.3-Upper annular groove; 2.1.4-Upper annular boss; 2.1.5-Eaves; 2.2.1-Lower baffle; 2.2.2-Lower packing annular column; 2.2.3-Lower annular groove; 2.2.4-Drain hole; 3-Motor; 4.1-Upper annular liquid distributor; 4.2-Lower annular liquid distributor; 4.3-Liquid injection channel; 5.1-Upper liquid inlet 5.2-Lower liquid inlet; 6-Liquid outlet; 7-Gas inlet; 8-Gas outlet; 9.1-Upper connecting shaft; 9.2-Lower connecting shaft; 10-Shaft seal; 11-Gas buffer tank; 12-Fan; 13-Gas flow meter; 14-Liquid storage tank I; 15-Pump I; 16-Liquid flow meter I; 17-Liquid storage tank II; 18-Pump II; 19-Liquid flow meter II; 20-Liquid storage tank III; 21-Valve III; 22-Valve I; 23-Valve II. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] This embodiment provides a gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device, including a shell 1, a packing layer, a driving element, an annular liquid distributor, an upper liquid inlet 5.1, a lower liquid inlet 5.2, a liquid outlet 6, a gas inlet 7, and a gas outlet 8.

[0040] The packing layer includes an upper packing layer and a lower packing layer, both located within the outer casing 1. The upper packing layer includes an upper baffle 2.1.1 and an upper packing annular column 2.1.2. The upper surface of the upper packing annular column 2.1.2 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the upper baffle 2.1.1, and the upper baffle 2.1.1 and the upper packing annular column 2.1.2 are coaxially arranged. The lower packing layer includes a lower baffle 2.2.1 and a lower packing annular column 2.2.2. The lower baffle 2.2.1 is coaxially connected to the upper baffle 2.1.1. Shaft configuration; the lower surface of the lower packing ring 2.2.2 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower baffle 2.2.1, and the lower baffle 2.2.1 and the lower packing ring 2.2.2 are coaxially configured; the upper packing ring 2.1.2 and the lower packing ring 2.2.2 are nested alternately; one of the two sets of packing layers is fixed inside the outer shell 1, and the other is driven to rotate by a driving element; or both sets of packing layers are driven to rotate in the same or opposite directions, at the same speed or at a different speed by a driving element.

[0041] The upper baffle 2.1.1 has a disc structure with at least one ring of upper annular grooves 2.1.3 and at least one ring of upper annular bosses 2.1.4, which are arranged alternately. The lower baffle 2.2.1 has a disc structure with at least one ring of lower annular grooves 2.2.3. The upper surface of the upper packing annular column 2.1.2 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate of the upper annular groove 2.1.3. The lower surface of the upper packing annular column 2.1.2 opposite to the lower annular groove 2.2.3 is embedded in the lower annular groove 2.1.3 to form an annular space for gas sealing. The lower surfaces of the remaining upper packing annular columns 2.1.2 are opposite to the upper surface of the lower baffle 2.2.1. The upper surface of the lower packing annular column 2.2.2 is embedded in the upper annular bosses 2.1.4 to form an annular space for gas sealing.

[0042] To ensure the airtight seal, a lower annular groove 2.2.3 is provided at the position corresponding to the outermost upper packing ring column 2.1.2 of the lower baffle 2.2.1. The lower annular groove 2.2.3 is not provided at other positions.

[0043] The annular liquid distributor includes an upper annular liquid distributor 4.1 and a lower annular liquid distributor 4.2, both located within the innermost packing ring column and coaxially arranged with the packing layer. They are connected to the upper liquid inlet 5.1 and the lower liquid inlet 5.2, respectively. Liquid injection channels 4.3 are provided on opposite surfaces. The liquid injection channels 4.3 are circular holes or linear openings evenly distributed along the circumference. The liquid injection channels 4.3 of the upper annular liquid distributor 4.1 and the lower annular liquid distributor 4.2 correspond vertically and are both inclined towards the outer edge of the annular liquid distributor, so that the upper and lower liquids collide at an angle and flow horizontally outward in an annular shape to the inner edge of the packing layer.

[0044] The liquid is sprayed out from the annular liquid distributor, passes through the packing annular column, and exits the outer casing 1 through the liquid outlet 6.

[0045] This device can achieve countercurrent or concurrent flow of gas and liquid: gas is introduced into the outer shell 1 through the packing annular column by the gas inlet 7, passes through the cylindrical cavity of the innermost packing annular column, and is led out by the gas outlet 8, with the gas and liquid flowing countercurrently at the packing annular column; or gas is introduced into the outer shell 1 through the cylindrical cavity of the innermost packing annular column, passes through the packing annular column, and is led out by the gas outlet 8, with the gas and liquid flowing concurrently at the packing annular column.

[0046] A drain hole 2.2.4 is provided on the side wall of the lower annular groove 2.2.3. The drain hole 2.2.4 can be configured as a round hole, a transverse linear opening or a longitudinal linear opening; the liquid outlet 6 passes through the outer shell 1 and is located below the lower packing layer.

[0047] The aforementioned gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device further includes an upper connecting shaft 9.1 and a lower connecting shaft 9.2; the baffle is provided with a central hole, the plane of the central hole of the upper baffle 2.1.1 can be the bottom plate of the upper annular groove 2.1.3, or the top plate of the upper annular boss 2.1.4, or the side wall connecting the upper annular groove 2.1.3 and the upper annular boss 2.1.4; the upper connecting shaft 9.1 passes through the outer shell 1 and connects to the central hole of the upper baffle 2.1.1; the lower connecting shaft 9.2 passes through the outer shell 1 and connects to the central hole of the lower baffle 2.2.1; the upper liquid inlet 5.1 passes through the upper connecting shaft 9.1 and connects to the upper annular liquid distributor 4.1, the upper liquid inlet 5. 1. The upper connecting shaft 9.1 and the upper packing layer are coaxially arranged; the lower liquid inlet 5.2 passes through the lower connecting shaft 9.2 and connects to the lower annular liquid distributor 4.2, and the lower liquid inlet 5.2, the lower connecting shaft 9.2 and the lower packing layer are coaxially arranged; the gas inlet 7 passes through the outer shell 1 and is perpendicular to the packing annular column, and the gas outlet 8 passes through the annular space between the connecting shaft and the liquid inlet and is coaxially arranged with the annular space, and the gas and liquid flow counterclockwise at the packing annular column; or the gas inlet 7 passes through the annular space between the connecting shaft and the liquid inlet and is coaxially arranged with the annular space, and the gas outlet 8 passes through the outer shell 1 and is perpendicular to the packing annular column, and the gas and liquid flow parallel at the packing annular column.

[0048] The driving element is motor 3; the connecting shaft corresponding to the rotatable packing layer is driven to rotate by motor 3, and is rotatably connected to the outer casing 1 in a sealed manner, and is rotatably connected to the liquid inlet, gas inlet 7, and gas outlet 8 in a sealed manner. The baffle corresponding to the rotatable packing layer can be connected to the connecting shaft via a ring.

[0049] The baffle corresponding to the packing layer fixed inside the outer shell 1 is directly fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell 1 or suspended inside the outer shell 1 by a baffle frame; the baffle frame can be made of two rings, the inner ring connecting the center hole of the baffle and the connecting shaft, and the outer ring connecting the outer edge of the baffle and the outer shell 1; the baffle frame can be made of a cylindrical structure, with one end fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell 1 and the other end fixed to the baffle, and the inner and outer spaces of the baffle frame are closed; the connecting shaft corresponding to the packing layer fixed inside the outer shell 1 is sealed to the outer shell 1 and sealed to the liquid inlet, gas inlet 7 and gas outlet 8.

[0050] When both the upper and lower packing layers rotate, the connecting shaft is sealed and rotated with the liquid inlet 7, gas inlet 7, and gas outlet 8 in the following ways:

[0051] Gas and liquid flow counter-currently at the packing annular column. Gas outlet 8 passes through one of the upper and lower annular spaces. The connecting shaft on that side is sealed and rotatably connected to gas outlet 8, and the connecting shaft on the other side is sealed and rotatably connected to liquid inlet.

[0052] Gas and liquid flow in countercurrent at the packing annular column. Gas outlet 8 passes through the upper and lower annular spaces respectively. Therefore, the upper and lower connecting shafts are sealed and rotatably connected to gas outlet 8.

[0053] Gas and liquid flow in parallel at the packing annular column. Gas inlet 7 passes through one of the upper and lower annular spaces. The connecting shaft on that side is sealed and rotatably connected to gas inlet 7, and the connecting shaft on the other side is sealed and rotatably connected to liquid inlet.

[0054] Gas and liquid flow in parallel at the packing annular column. Gas inlet 7 passes through the annular spaces on the upper and lower sides respectively. Therefore, the connecting shafts on the upper and lower sides are sealed and rotatably connected to gas inlet 7.

[0055] When one set of packing layers rotates and another set of packing layers is fixed, the connection between the connecting shaft and the liquid inlet 7, gas inlet 7, and gas outlet 8 can be in the following situations:

[0056] Gas and liquid flow countercurrently at the packing annular column. Gas outlet 8 passes through one of the upper and lower annular spaces. The connecting shaft corresponding to the annular space on that side rotates, and the connecting shaft on that side is sealed and rotated to the gas outlet 8. The connecting shaft on the other side is sealed and connected to the liquid inlet.

[0057] Gas and liquid flow countercurrently at the packing annular column. Gas outlet 8 passes through one of the upper and lower annular spaces, and the connecting shaft corresponding to the annular space on that side is fixed. Then the connecting shaft on that side is sealed to gas outlet 8, and the connecting shaft on the other side is sealed to liquid inlet.

[0058] Gas and liquid flow in countercurrent at the packing annular column. Gas outlet 8 passes through the upper and lower annular spaces respectively. The rotating connecting shaft is sealed and rotated with gas outlet 8, and the fixed connecting shaft is sealed and connected with gas outlet 8.

[0059] Gas and liquid flow in parallel at the packing annular column. Gas inlet 7 passes through one of the upper and lower annular spaces. The connecting shaft corresponding to the annular space on that side rotates, and the connecting shaft on that side is sealed and rotated with gas inlet 7. The connecting shaft on the other side is sealed and connected with liquid inlet.

[0060] Gas and liquid flow in parallel at the packing annular column. Gas inlet 7 passes through one of the upper and lower annular spaces, and the connecting shaft corresponding to the annular space on that side is fixed. Then the connecting shaft on that side is sealed to gas inlet 7, and the connecting shaft on the other side is sealed to liquid inlet rotatably.

[0061] Gas and liquid flow in parallel at the packing annular column. Gas inlet 7 passes through the upper and lower annular spaces respectively. The rotating connecting shaft is sealed and rotated with gas inlet 7, and the fixed connecting shaft is sealed and rotated with gas inlet 7.

[0062] All of the above seals are shaft seals 10.

[0063] In this embodiment, the upper packing layer is stationary or rotating, while the lower packing layer rotates.

[0064] The outer shell 1 is a cylindrical structure; the baffle in the packing layer is parallel to the circular end face of the outer shell 1; in the upper baffle 2.1.1, the side wall of the outermost upper annular groove 2.1.3 or upper annular boss 2.1.4 extends vertically outward to form an eaves 2.1.5. The eaves 2.1.5 are located below the top plate of the upper annular boss 2.1.4 and are used to limit the range of the gas-liquid mixture being thrown out by the packing annular column. When the gas and liquid flow in reverse at the packing annular column, it can also improve the problem of gas directly entering the annular space between the upper annular boss 2.1.4 and the lower packing annular column 2.2.2.

[0065] Packed ring columns include various chemical packings and solid catalysts.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] This embodiment provides a gas-liquid-liquid impingement flow hypergravity system, including a gas buffer tank 11, a fan 12, a gas flow meter 13, a liquid storage tank I 14, a pump I 15, a liquid flow meter I 16, a liquid storage tank II 17, a pump II 18, a liquid flow meter II 19, a liquid storage tank III 20, a valve III 21, and the aforementioned gas-liquid-liquid impingement flow hypergravity device; the gas buffer tank 11 is connected to the inlet of the fan 12, the outlet of the fan 12 is connected to the inlet of the gas flow meter 13, and the outlet of the gas flow meter 13 is connected to the outlet of the gas flow meter 13. The liquid storage tank I14 is connected to the inlet of pump I15, the outlet of pump I15 is connected to the inlet of liquid flow meter I16, and the outlet of liquid flow meter I16 is connected to the upper liquid inlet 5.1; the liquid storage tank II17 is connected to the inlet of pump II18, the outlet of pump II18 is connected to the inlet of liquid flow meter II19, and the outlet of liquid flow meter II19 is connected to the lower liquid inlet 5.2; the liquid outlet 6 is connected to the inlet of valve III21, and the outlet of valve III21 is connected to the liquid storage tank III20.

[0068] A valve I22 is installed between pump I15 and liquid flow meter I16, and a valve II23 is installed between pump II18 and liquid flow meter II19.

[0069] The control method of the above-mentioned gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity system is as follows: The rotational speed of the packing layer in the gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device is controlled by adjusting the frequency converter. The gas passes through the gas flow meter 13 and its flow rate is controlled. It enters the packing annular column through the gas inlet 7. The two liquids pass through the liquid flow meters and their flow rates are controlled. They enter the upper and lower annular liquid distributors through the upper and lower liquid inlets respectively. The two liquids collide at an angle. The gas phase and the two liquids make their first contact and mix, forming an annular impact surface larger than the diameter of the annular liquid distributor. The gas disperses outward at a preset speed into the packing annular column. The gas and the two liquids make multiple contact, mix and disperse in the packing annular column. The packing annular column changes the speed and dispersion state of the gas multiple times, increasing the turbulence of the gas, increasing the end effect of gas-liquid mass transfer, and strengthening the gas-liquid mass transfer and reaction process. The gas phase is discharged from the gas outlet 8 and the liquid phase is discharged from the liquid outlet 6.

[0070] By controlling the size and tilt angle of the liquid injection channel 4.3 on the annular liquid distributor, as well as the flow rates of the two liquids, the flow velocity direction and impact surface of the two liquids after the tilted impact are made parallel to the radial direction of the packing annular column.

[0071] The above-mentioned system and its control method are applicable to chemical unit operations such as gas-liquid-liquid multiphase reactions, absorption, and stripping, as well as processes carried out simultaneously; applicable to chemical unit operations such as liquid-liquid two-phase reactions, extraction, crystallization, and mixing under special gas atmosphere protection; and applicable to processes where gas-liquid reactions occur simultaneously with liquid heat exchange.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] An aqueous solution of CuCl2 and FeCl3 metal salts is used as the first liquid, and an oil phase containing a hexanol solution of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol (TMP) is used as the second liquid. The two liquids are introduced into the gas-liquid-liquid impingement flow hypergravity device through liquid inlets. The two liquid phases collide to form an annular liquid surface, completing the first contact. The liquid is dispersed into the packed annular column, where it is sheared by the high-speed rotating packing, continuously dispersed and aggregated, flowing from the inner edge to the outer edge and flying out, completing the second contact. Oxygen, as an oxidant, enters the interior of the packed annular column through gas inlet 7. During the first and second contacts, the gas rapidly contacts, transfers mass, and reacts with the two liquids. The mixed liquid flows out through liquid outlet 6, and the gas flows out through gas outlet 8, realizing the gas-liquid-liquid catalytic oxidation synthesis of 2,3,5-trimethylbenzoquinone (TMQ).

[0074] Example 4

[0075] Anhydrous ethanol containing calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O) was used as the first liquid, and an aqueous solution containing diammonium hydrogen phosphate ((NH4)2HPO4) was used as the second liquid. The two liquids were introduced into the gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device through the liquid inlet. The two liquid phases collided to form a ring-shaped liquid surface, completing the first contact. The liquid phase entered the packed ring column and continuously dispersed and agglomerated, undergoing the second contact. Ammonia-containing gas entered the packed ring column through the gas inlet 7. During the first and second contacts, the gas and the two liquids rapidly contacted, transferred mass, and reacted. The gas flowed out through the gas outlet 8, and the mixed liquid flowed out through the liquid outlet 6. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours and aged for 24 hours. The product was repeatedly washed with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water and dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60°C for 12 hours. After grinding, nanoporous hydroxyapatite (HA) was obtained, realizing the preparation of mesoporous hydroxyapatite by gas-liquid-liquid precipitation method.

[0076] Example 5

[0077] Hydrogenated anthraquinone working solution was used as the first liquid, and deionized water as the second liquid. Both liquids were introduced into the gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity apparatus through liquid inlets. The two liquid phases collided to form an annular liquid surface, completing the first contact. The liquids dispersed and coalesced multiple times inside the packed annular column, completing the second contact. Oxygen (air) entered the packed annular column through gas inlet 7. During the first and second contacts, the gas rapidly contacted the two liquids for mass transfer, reaction, and extraction. The hydrogenated anthraquinone working solution was oxidized by oxygen to generate hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), which was directly extracted from the oil phase to the aqueous phase in situ. The mixed liquid flowed out through liquid outlet 6, and the gas flowed out through gas outlet 8, realizing a three-phase in-situ extraction process of oxygen-hydrogenated anthraquinone working solution-aqueous phase. The oxygen-containing gas was both a reactant and a disturbance medium. Due to the agitation effect of the gas, the contact area and mass transfer rate between the liquid and liquid phases were increased, thereby improving the extraction efficiency. Simultaneously, the generated hydrogen peroxide product was promptly removed from the reaction process, thus enhancing both the reaction and extraction processes.

[0078] Example 6

[0079] The mononitration of toluene to produce mNT is a complex liquid-liquid two-phase reaction. The reaction is violently exothermic, and multi-stage series-connected batch nitration processes require a long time for uniform dispersion of reactants, resulting in prolonged residence time and large liquid holdup. This can easily lead to localized hot spots that affect product quality, generating complexes, or dinitrotoluene (DNT) and polynitrophenols. Furthermore, it results in high costs associated with the treatment of alkali solutions and water during distillation and washing, as well as energy consumption. A gas-liquid-liquid impinging flow hypergravity apparatus, with toluene as the primary liquid and nitric acid solution as the secondary liquid, and low-temperature nitrogen as a protective and heat-exchange gas, enables small-batch production, rapid heat transfer, and rapid, uniform dispersion and reaction. This reduces impurity formation and significantly improves production safety.

[0080] Example 7

[0081] A 0.05 mol / L FeSO4 solution with pH=2 was used as the first liquid, and a 0.2 mol / L H2O2 solution was used as the second liquid, both with a flow rate of 15 L / h. These liquids were injected into the gas-liquid-liquid impactor flow centrifugal device through two separate inlets. The rotation speed of the upper and lower packing layers was set to 1400 r / min, rotating in opposite directions. A gas with a NO content of 500 ppm was introduced into the device at a flow rate of 100 L / h. During the first and second contact processes, the gas rapidly contacted, transferred mass, and reacted with the two liquids. The mixed liquid flowed out from liquid outlet 6, and the gas flowed out from gas outlet 8. An infrared analyzer was used to monitor the NO concentration at the gas outlet online; the NO concentration at the outlet was 76 ppm, achieving a removal efficiency of 84.8%.

[0082] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device, characterized in that, It includes a housing, packing layer, drive element, annular liquid distributor, upper liquid inlet, lower liquid inlet, liquid outlet, gas inlet, and gas outlet; The filler layer includes an upper filler layer and a lower filler layer, both located inside the outer shell; The upper packing layer includes an upper baffle and an upper packing ring column; The upper baffle is a disc structure, with at least one ring of upper annular grooves and at least one ring of upper annular protrusions arranged concentrically, and the upper annular grooves and upper annular protrusions are arranged alternately. The upper baffle and the upper packing ring are coaxially arranged; The lower packing layer includes a lower baffle and a lower packing annular column; The lower baffle and the upper baffle are coaxially arranged; The lower baffle is a disc structure with a concentric lower annular groove, which is positioned corresponding to the outermost upper packing ring column. A drain hole is provided on the side wall of the lower annular groove; The lower baffle and the lower packing ring are coaxially arranged; The upper surface of the upper packing ring column is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate of the upper annular groove, and the lower surface of the upper packing ring column opposite to the lower annular groove is embedded in the lower annular groove. The upper surface of the lower packing ring is embedded in the upper annular boss; The upper and lower packing rings are nested in an alternating pattern. One of the upper and lower packing layers is fixed inside the outer shell, and the other is driven to rotate by a drive element; or both packing layers are driven to rotate in the same or opposite directions, at the same speed or at a different speed by a drive element. The annular liquid distributor includes an upper annular liquid distributor and a lower annular liquid distributor, both located inside the innermost packing ring column and coaxially arranged with the packing layer. They are connected to the upper liquid inlet and the lower liquid inlet, respectively. Liquid injection channels are provided on the opposite surfaces. The liquid injection channels are circular holes or linear openings evenly distributed along the circumference. The liquid injection channels of the upper and lower annular liquid distributors are vertically aligned and both are inclined towards the outer edge of the annular liquid distributor. The liquid is sprayed out by the annular liquid distributor. The liquid is tilted and impacted from above and below, and flows horizontally outward in a ring shape. It flows to the inner edge of the packing layer, passes through the packing ring column, and is led out of the outer shell through the liquid outlet. Gas is introduced into the outer shell through the gas inlet, passes through the innermost packing ring column, and exits through the gas outlet after passing through the innermost cylindrical cavity of the packing ring column. Gas and liquid flow counter-currently at the packing ring column. Alternatively, gas is introduced into the outer shell through the gas inlet, passes through the innermost cylindrical cavity of the packing ring column, passes through the packing ring column, and exits through the gas outlet. Gas and liquid flow concurrently at the packing ring column.

2. The gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid outlet passes through the outer casing and is located below the lower packing layer.

3. The gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also includes an upper connecting shaft and a lower connecting shaft; The baffle has a central hole; The upper connecting shaft passes through the outer casing and connects to the center hole of the upper baffle. The lower connecting shaft passes through the outer casing and connects to the center hole of the lower baffle. The upper liquid inlet passes through the upper connecting shaft and connects to the upper annular liquid distributor. The upper liquid inlet, the upper connecting shaft, and the upper packing layer are coaxially arranged. The lower liquid inlet passes through the lower connecting shaft and connects to the lower annular liquid distributor. The lower liquid inlet, the lower connecting shaft, and the lower packing layer are coaxially arranged. The gas inlet passes through the outer shell and is perpendicular to the packing annular column, and the gas outlet passes through the annular space between the connecting shaft and the liquid inlet and is coaxial with the annular space; or the gas inlet passes through the annular space between the connecting shaft and the liquid inlet and is coaxial with the annular space, and the gas outlet passes through the outer shell and is perpendicular to the packing annular column.

4. The gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The driving element is a motor; The connecting shaft corresponding to the rotatable packing layer is driven to rotate by a motor, and is rotatably connected to the outer shell and to the liquid inlet, gas inlet and gas outlet.

5. The gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The baffles corresponding to the filler layer fixed inside the shell are either directly fixed to the inner wall of the shell or suspended inside the shell by a baffle frame; The baffle frame is a cylindrical structure, with one end fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell and the other end fixed to the baffle, forming a closed isolation between the inner and outer spaces of the baffle frame; The connecting shaft corresponding to the packing layer fixed inside the outer shell is sealed to the outer shell and sealed to the liquid inlet, gas inlet, and gas outlet.

6. The gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer shell is a cylindrical structure; The baffles in the packing layer are parallel to the circular end face of the outer shell; In the upper baffle, the sidewall of the outermost upper annular groove or upper annular protrusion extends vertically outward to form an eave, which is located below the top plate of the upper annular protrusion.

7. A gas-liquid-liquid impacting flow hypergravity system, characterized in that, It includes a gas buffer tank, a fan, a gas flow meter, a liquid storage tank I, a pump I, a liquid flow meter I, a liquid storage tank II, a pump II, a liquid flow meter II, a liquid storage tank III, a valve III, and the gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device according to any one of claims 1-6; The gas buffer tank is connected to the inlet of the blower, the outlet of the blower is connected to the inlet of the gas flow meter, and the outlet of the gas flow meter is connected to the gas inlet. The liquid storage tank I is connected to the inlet of pump I, the outlet of pump I is connected to the inlet of liquid flow meter I, and the outlet of liquid flow meter I is connected to the upper liquid inlet; The liquid storage tank II is connected to the inlet of pump II, the outlet of pump II is connected to the inlet of liquid flow meter II, and the outlet of liquid flow meter II is connected to the lower liquid inlet. The liquid outlet is connected to the inlet of valve III, and the outlet of valve III is connected to the liquid storage tank III.

8. A control method for a gas-liquid-liquid impacting flow hypergravity system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The rotational speed of the packing layer in the gas-liquid-liquid impact flow hypergravity device is controlled by adjusting the frequency converter. The gas passes through the gas flow meter and its flow rate is controlled. It enters the packing annular column through the gas inlet. The two liquids pass through the liquid flow meter and their flow rates are controlled. They enter the upper and lower annular liquid distributors through the upper and lower liquid inlets respectively. The two liquids collide at an angle. The gas phase and the two liquids make their first contact and mix, forming an annular impact surface larger than the diameter of the annular liquid distributor. The impact surface disperses outward at a preset speed into the packing annular column. The gas and two liquids are mixed and dispersed through multiple contacts in the packed annular column; the gas phase is discharged from the gas outlet and the liquid phase is discharged from the liquid outlet.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, By controlling the size and tilt angle of the liquid injection channel on the annular liquid distributor, as well as the flow rates of the two liquids, the flow velocity direction and impact surface of the two liquids after the tilted impact are made parallel to the radial direction of the packing annular column.

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