A rear-end collision avoidance device for a vehicle

Abstract

This invention provides a rear-end collision avoidance device for vehicles, installed at the rear of a mobile cart. It includes: a rotating assembly that moves the device from a first state to a second state; a lower connecting plate fixedly connected to the rotating assembly; one end of the lower connecting plate engaging with a buffer assembly; and an upper connecting plate engaging with the other end of the buffer assembly. A pressure-relieving assembly, cooperating with the buffer assembly, is provided between the lower and upper connecting plates. This pressure-relieving assembly provides secondary buffering of the pressure between the upper and lower connecting plates. Through the cooperation of the buffer assembly and the pressure-relieving assembly with the upper and lower connecting plates, the impact force on the upper connecting plate is buffered, improving the buffering effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of collision avoidance devices, and more specifically to a rear collision avoidance device for vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Road traffic safety is a major concern, with numerous accidents resulting in injuries and fatalities each year. Construction vehicles, primarily responsible for road maintenance, are equipped with rear-end shock absorbers. However, these shock absorbers are often disposable, relying mainly on deformation to cushion impacts. This necessitates replacement after each impact, leading to high maintenance costs. Furthermore, after an accident, the vehicle must be removed from the construction site, have its shock absorber replaced, and then return to continue work, which prolongs the construction cycle and reduces efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes a vehicle rear collision avoidance device, which is installed at the rear of a mobile trolley and includes: a rotating assembly that drives the device to move from a first state to a second state; a lower connecting plate fixedly connected to the rotating assembly; one end of the lower connecting plate is fitted with a buffer assembly; the other end of the buffer assembly is fitted with an upper connecting plate; a pressure relief assembly that cooperates with the buffer assembly is provided between the lower connecting plate and the upper connecting plate; the pressure relief assembly provides secondary buffering for the impact pressure between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate.

[0004] Preferably, the buffer assembly includes: two sets of buffer cylinders arranged side by side, the bottom of the buffer cylinders being fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate, the top of one set of buffer cylinders being hinged to the upper connecting plate, and the top of the other set of buffer cylinders being hinged to a movable wheel, wherein the upper connecting plate is provided with a movable groove that cooperates with the movable wheel.

[0005] Preferably, the buffer assembly includes two sets of buffer cylinders arranged side by side, one set of buffer cylinders having its bottom fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate, the other set of buffer cylinders being hinged to the lower connecting plate, and the tops of both sets of buffer cylinders being hinged to the upper connecting plate.

[0006] Preferably, the buffer assembly includes: at least one set of cross components disposed between the lower connecting plate and the upper connecting plate, each set of cross components having two cross-arranged buffer rods, the two cross-arranged buffer rods being hinged at their middle ends; one end of the buffer cylinder being hinged to a buffer rod or the lower connecting plate, the telescopic rod of the buffer cylinder being hinged to another buffer rod, both the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate having hinge platforms and displacement grooves that cooperate with the buffer rods, the buffer cylinder being extended and retracted by changing the included angle of the two buffer rods, thereby buffering the impact force of the upper connecting plate.

[0007] Each set of cross components can also be equipped with two buffer cylinders, which are located on both sides of the hinge point of the two buffer rods.

[0008] Preferably, the pressure relief assembly includes: a pressure relief pipe communicating with the interior of the buffer cylinder, the pressure relief pipe being connected to an inflation valve and a pressure gauge.

[0009] Preferably, a safety valve and a pressure relief valve are fixedly connected to the end of the pressure relief pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the telescopic rod of the buffer cylinder is equipped with a piston, which divides the cylinder body of the buffer cylinder into an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder. The telescopic rod passes through the upper cylinder and extends to the outer wall of the cylinder. One end of the pressure relief pipe is connected to the lower cylinder, and the other end of the pressure relief pipe is connected to a venting valve. The venting valve is connected to a flow-limiting plug, and the flow-limiting plug is connected to the upper cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the telescopic rod of the buffer cylinder is equipped with a piston, which divides the cylinder body of the buffer cylinder into an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder. The telescopic rod passes through the upper cylinder and extends to the outer wall of the cylinder. One end of the pressure relief pipe is connected to the lower cylinder, and the other end of the pressure relief pipe is connected to a one-way throttling valve. The venting valve is connected to a flow-limiting plug, and the flow-limiting plug is connected to the upper cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the upper connecting plate is detachably connected to a buffer pack.

[0013] Preferably, the upper connecting plate is provided with two guide grooves, the buffer bag is provided with a T-shaped guide block that cooperates with the guide grooves, and a first buffer spring is provided between the T-shaped guide block and the guide groove;

[0014] The upper connecting plate is provided with a locking groove between the two guide grooves. The buffer bag is provided with a locking part that cooperates with the locking groove. A hollow locking post is provided in the height direction of the locking groove. A driving rod is moved inside the locking post. A second buffer spring that cooperates with the driving rod is provided inside the locking post. An end plate is fixedly connected to the open end of the locking post. A driving part is provided through the end plate of the locking post. A limiting part that cooperates with the end plate is provided on the locking post. The second buffer spring drives the locking post to move upward and drives the limiting part to contact the end plate.

[0015] The top of the locking post has three telescopic grooves around the axis. The end plate has a locking part that cooperates with the telescopic grooves. Each locking part is hinged to one end of a connecting rod. The other end of the connecting rod is hinged to one end of a locking rod. The other end of the locking rod passes through the telescopic groove and is hinged to the drive rod. The locking rod has a locking rib that contacts the upper surface of the buffer bag.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. By using the buffer assembly and pressure relief assembly in conjunction with the upper and lower connecting plates, the impact force on the upper connecting plate is buffered, thereby improving the buffering effect.

[0018] 2. By using a buffer assembly to buffer impact forces at different angles, the upper connecting plate is deflected at an angle, thereby shifting and unloading the impact force, thus improving the service life of the device.

[0019] 3. The pressure relief assembly provides secondary buffering of the impact force, while reducing the risk of injury to workers during the reset of the buffer cylinder and extending the service life of the buffer cylinder.

[0020] 4. The removable cushioning pad further enhances the cushioning effect, reduces impact force, and facilitates the replacement of the new cushioning pad.

[0021] 5. By cooperating with the drive rod, connecting rod, and locking rod, the buffer pack can be locked and disassembled, improving the efficiency of replacement and maintenance, and reducing the damage to the upper connecting plate during replacement. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vehicle rear collision avoidance device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a partial structural cross-section of the vehicle rear collision avoidance device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a partial structural cross-section of the vehicle rear collision avoidance device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the pressure relief assembly of the vehicle rear collision avoidance device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall installation of the buffer pack of the vehicle rear anti-collision device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall installation of the buffer pack of the vehicle rear anti-collision device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is an enlarged view of a portion of the buffer pack structure of the vehicle rear collision avoidance device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the overall installation of the buffer pack of the vehicle rear anti-collision device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vehicle rear collision avoidance device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the vehicle rear collision avoidance device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the pressure relief assembly of the vehicle rear collision avoidance device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vehicle rear collision avoidance device in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the vehicle rear collision avoidance device in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the pressure relief assembly of the vehicle rear collision avoidance device in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vehicle rear collision avoidance device in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the buffer component in the vehicle rear collision avoidance device of Embodiment 2 of the present invention, which adopts a symmetrical buffer cylinder.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Lower connecting plate; 2. Upper connecting plate; 201. Moving groove; 202. Displacement groove; 203. Locking groove; 3. Connecting frame; 4. Drive cylinder; 5. Buffer cylinder; 501. Piston; 502. Upper cylinder; 503. Lower cylinder; 6. Moving wheel; 7. Pressure relief pipe; 8. Inflation valve; 9. Pressure gauge; 10. Safety valve; 11. Pressure relief valve; 12. Venting valve; 13. Flow limiting plug; 14. One-way throttling valve assembly; 15. Buffer bag; 1501. T-shaped guide block; 16. First buffer spring; 17. Locking post; 1701. Telescopic groove; 18. Drive rod; 19. Second buffer spring; 20. End plate; 21. Connecting rod; 22. Locking rod; 2201. Locking rib; 23. Pressure relief rod; 24. Pressure relief spring. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0041] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and specific implementation methods.

[0042] Example 1:

[0043] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a rear-end collision avoidance device for vehicles is fixedly installed at the rear of a guardrail repair vehicle (it can also be installed on a collision avoidance vehicle, guardrail pile driver, tracked vehicle, four-wheeled vehicle, etc.). It includes a rotating component that drives the collision avoidance device from a first state to a second state. The first state is when the collision avoidance device rotates around a rotation point to a vertical state, meaning the moving trolley is in a non-working state (transportation state, etc.). The second working state is when the collision avoidance device rotates around the rotation point to a horizontal state, at which point the moving trolley is in a working state, preventing damage to the vehicle and loss of life when the trolley is struck by passing vehicles during operation, thus providing buffer protection for both the vehicle and personnel.

[0044] The rotating assembly includes: a connecting frame 3 fixedly installed at the rear of the mobile trolley, a drive cylinder 4 hinged to the connecting frame 3, a lower connecting plate 1 hinged to the extension rod of the drive cylinder 4, the lower connecting plate 1 being hinged to the connecting frame 3, and the drive cylinder 4 driving the lower connecting plate 1 to rotate around the hinge point, thereby driving the anti-collision device to move from the first state to the second state or from the second state to the first state.

[0045] The rotating assembly is hinged to a lower connecting plate 1, which is fitted with one end of a buffer assembly, and the other end of the buffer assembly is fitted with an upper connecting plate 2.

[0046] The buffer assembly includes two sets of buffer cylinders 5 arranged side by side. The bottom of the buffer cylinders 5 is fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate 1. The top of one set of buffer cylinders 5 is hinged to the upper connecting plate 2. The top of the other set of buffer cylinders 5 is hinged to a movable wheel 6. The upper connecting plate 2 is provided with a movable groove 201 that cooperates with the movable wheel 6.

[0047] When the upper connecting plate 2 is subjected to external impact, it will cause the two sets of buffer cylinders 5 to compress and buffer the external impact. Since the external impact is not all frontal impact, during local impact, the upper connecting plate 2 rotates around the hinge point, and the two sets of buffer cylinders 5 are compressed to different degrees. At the same time, the buffer cylinder 5 of the top hinged moving wheel 6 moves along the length of the moving groove 201 to adapt to the tilt angle of the upper connecting plate 2 (this is not the buffer cylinder 5 that is displaced or deformed; the moving groove 201 and the moving wheel 6 are only used to adapt to the displacement that occurs when the upper connecting plate 2 rotates around the hinge point).

[0048] The movable groove 201 encloses the movable wheel 6, and the movable wheel 6 can only move along the length of the movable groove 201.

[0049] A pressure relief component is provided between the lower connecting plate 1 and the upper connecting plate 2 to cooperate with the buffer component. The pressure relief component provides secondary buffering for the impact pressure between the upper connecting plate 2 and the lower connecting plate 1.

[0050] To better buffer the impact force, a pressure relief device is installed on the anti-collision device, which can provide secondary buffering and also improve safety for the subsequent reset of the anti-collision device.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, the pressure relief assembly includes a pressure relief pipe 7 connected to the inside of the buffer cylinder 5, and a pressure gauge 9 connected to an inflation valve 8. When subjected to external force, it works with the buffer assembly to buffer the pressure. When there is no pressure, it works with the buffer assembly to drive the upper connecting plate 2 back to its initial position, and the pressure gauge 9 checks whether the internal pressure of the buffer cylinder 5 is normal. If the pressure is insufficient, gas is introduced through the inflation valve 8.

[0052] A safety valve 10 and a pressure relief valve 11 are fixedly connected to the end of the pressure relief pipe 7. The buffer cylinder 5 is filled with high-pressure nitrogen. When the impact force is removed, the telescopic rod of the buffer cylinder 5 will pop out and injure the staff. Therefore, the safety valve 10 and the pressure relief valve 11 at the end of the pressure relief pipe 7 can automatically release the gas when it is subjected to external force, and then refill the gas to reach the normal working pressure when working again.

[0053] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, a buffer pack 15 is detachably connected to the upper connecting plate 2. The buffer pack 15 can first buffer external impact force. The buffer pack 15 can be detachably connected to the upper connecting plate 2 by screws, because the buffer pack 15 needs to be replaced continuously after it is damaged.

[0054] However, when replacing screws or bolts, repeated replacements can damage the threads. Therefore, after a period of use, the upper connecting plate 2 should be replaced together.

[0055] The upper connecting plate 2 is provided with two guide grooves, and the buffer bag 15 is provided with a T-shaped guide block 1501 that cooperates with the guide grooves. A first buffer spring 16 is provided between the T-shaped guide block 1501 and the guide groove.

[0056] The upper connecting plate 2 is provided with a locking groove 203 between the two guide grooves. The buffer bag 15 is provided with a locking part that cooperates with the locking groove 203. The two guide grooves and the locking groove 203 cooperate with the T-shaped guide block 1501 and the locking part on the buffer bag 15, and are combined with the first buffer spring 16. The upper surface of the first buffer spring 16 is fixedly connected to the stamping plate. The stamping plate can improve the stability of the first buffer spring 16 as it moves downward, realize the positioning of the buffer bag 15 and the upper connecting plate 2, and reduce the shaking phenomenon during transportation.

[0057] A hollow locking post 17 is provided in the height direction of the locking groove 203. A reinforcing rib is directly connected to the locking groove 203. A drive rod 18 is movably provided inside the locking post 17. A second buffer spring 19 that cooperates with the drive rod 18 is provided inside the locking post 17. An end plate 20 is fixedly connected to the open end of the locking post 17. A drive part is provided through the end plate 20 of the locking post 17. A limiting part that cooperates with the end plate 20 is provided in the locking post 17. The second buffer spring 19 drives the locking post 17 to move upward and drives the limiting part to contact the end plate 20.

[0058] The top of the locking post 17 has three telescopic grooves 1701 around the axis. The end plate 20 has a locking part that cooperates with the telescopic grooves 1701. Each locking part is hinged to one end of a connecting rod 21. The other end of the connecting rod 21 is hinged to one end of a locking rod 22. The other end of the locking rod 22 passes through the telescopic groove 1701 and is hinged to the drive rod 18. The locking rod 22 has a locking rib 2201 that contacts the upper surface of the buffer bag 15.

[0059] The drive unit drives the drive rod 18 downward and compresses the second buffer spring 19. At the same time, the drive rod 18 drives one end of the locking rod 22 downward and drives the connecting rod 21 to rotate around the hinge point. Simultaneously, the locking rib 2201 also moves downward and drives the buffer bag 15 to compress the first buffer spring 16 downward until the connecting rod 21 is set perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The locking rib 2201 disengages from the upper surface of the buffer bag 15 and moves upward under the action of the first buffer spring 16. The technician then moves the damaged buffer bag 15 to be replaced.

[0060] When replacing the buffer pack 15, the T-shaped guide block 1501 of the buffer pack 15 engages with the guide groove, and the locking part engages with the locking groove 203. Under the action of gravity, the buffer pack 15 moves downward. The buffer pack 15 first contacts the connecting rod 21 and drives the connecting rod 21 to rotate around the hinge point. At the same time, the connecting rod 21 drives the locking rod 22 to rotate around the hinge point and drives the locking rod 22 downward and compresses the spring (if the downward pressure is insufficient, pressure can be applied) until the upper surface of the buffer pack 15 moves to the underside of the locking rib 2201. The locking rod 22 moves upward under the action of the second buffer spring 19 and contacts the end plate 20. The lower surface of the locking rib 2201 is set parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0061] The buffer pack 15 moves upward under the action of the first buffer spring 16 and locks itself by contacting the lower surface of the locking rib 2201, thus completing the replacement of the buffer pack 15.

[0062] Example 2:

[0063] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, a rear-end collision avoidance device for vehicles is fixedly installed at the rear of a guardrail repair vehicle (it can also be installed on a collision avoidance vehicle, guardrail pile driver, tracked vehicle, four-wheeled vehicle, etc.). It includes a rotating component that drives the collision avoidance device from a first state to a second state. The first state is when the collision avoidance device rotates around a rotation point to a vertical state, meaning the moving trolley is in a non-working state (transportation state, etc.). The second working state is when the collision avoidance device rotates around the rotation point to a horizontal state, at which point the moving trolley is in a working state, preventing damage to the vehicle and loss of life when the trolley is struck by passing vehicles during operation, thus providing buffer protection for both the vehicle and personnel.

[0064] The rotating assembly includes: a connecting frame 3 fixedly installed at the rear of the mobile trolley, a drive cylinder 4 hinged to the connecting frame 3, a lower connecting plate 1 hinged to the extension rod of the drive cylinder 4, the lower connecting plate 1 being hinged to the connecting frame 3, and the drive cylinder 4 driving the lower connecting plate 1 to rotate around the hinge point, thereby driving the anti-collision device to move from the first state to the second state or from the second state to the first state.

[0065] The rotating assembly is hinged to a lower connecting plate 1, which is fitted with one end of a buffer assembly, and the other end of the buffer assembly is fitted with an upper connecting plate 2.

[0066] The buffer assembly includes two sets of buffer cylinders 5 arranged side by side. The bottom of one set of buffer cylinders 5 is fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate 1, and the other set of buffer cylinders 5 is hinged to the lower connecting plate 1. The tops of both sets of buffer cylinders 5 are hinged to the upper connecting plate 2.

[0067] When the upper connecting plate 2 is subjected to external impact, it will cause the two sets of buffer cylinders 5 to compress and buffer the external impact. Since the external impact is not all frontal impact, during local impact, the two hinge points of the upper connecting plate 2 and one hinge point at the bottom cooperate to adapt to the tilt angle of the upper connecting plate 2, thereby providing an overall buffering effect (only the lower connecting plate 1 and the lower end of one buffer cylinder 5 are fixed here, so when there is no impact, the upper connecting plate 2 and the lower connecting plate 1 are in a parallel state).

[0068] A pressure relief component is provided between the lower connecting plate 1 and the upper connecting plate 2 to cooperate with the buffer component. The pressure relief component provides secondary buffering for the impact pressure between the upper connecting plate 2 and the lower connecting plate 1.

[0069] To better buffer the impact force, a pressure relief component is installed on the anti-collision device, which can provide secondary buffering and improve safety for the subsequent reset of the anti-collision device.

[0070] like Figure 11 As shown, the pressure relief assembly includes a pressure relief pipe 7 connected to the inside of the buffer cylinder 5, and a pressure gauge 9 connected to an inflation valve 8. When subjected to external force, it works with the buffer assembly to buffer the pressure. When there is no pressure, it works with the buffer assembly to drive the upper connecting plate 2 back to its initial position, and the pressure gauge 9 checks whether the internal pressure of the buffer cylinder 5 is normal. If the pressure is insufficient, gas is introduced through the inflation valve 8.

[0071] The telescopic rod of the buffer cylinder 5 is equipped with a piston 501. The piston 501 divides the cylinder of the buffer cylinder 5 into an upper cylinder 502 and a lower cylinder 503. The telescopic rod passes through the upper cylinder 502 and extends to the outer wall of the cylinder. One end of the pressure relief pipe 7 is connected to the lower cylinder 503, and the other end of the pressure relief pipe 7 is connected to a vent valve 12. The vent valve 12 is connected to a flow-limiting plug 13, and the flow-limiting plug 13 is connected to the upper cylinder 502.

[0072] When subjected to external pressure, piston 501 is compressed, and the gas in the lower cylinder 503 is compressed and flows slowly into the upper cylinder 502 through a small hole, which plays a buffering role. At the same time, the gas flows into the upper cylinder 502 through the small hole to achieve pressure balance between the upper and lower cylinders 503. When the impacting object is removed, the vent valve 12 is closed, so the gas cannot flow into the lower cylinder 503. After the impacting object is removed, the vent valve 12 (stop valve) is opened. The pressure areas at both ends of piston 501 are different, so it is pushed up again under the action of nitrogen, which can play a buffering role again without the need to add nitrogen again.

[0073] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, a buffer pack 15 is detachably connected to the upper connecting plate 2. The buffer pack 15 can first buffer external impact force. The buffer pack 15 can be detachably connected to the upper connecting plate 2 by screws, because the buffer pack 15 needs to be replaced continuously after it is damaged.

[0074] However, when replacing screws or bolts, the threads may be damaged, so after a period of use, the upper connecting plate 2 needs to be replaced together.

[0075] The upper connecting plate 2 is provided with two guide grooves, and the buffer bag 15 is provided with a T-shaped guide block 1501 that cooperates with the guide grooves. A first buffer spring 16 is provided between the T-shaped guide block 1501 and the guide groove.

[0076] The upper connecting plate 2 is provided with a locking groove 203 between the two guide grooves. The buffer bag 15 is provided with a locking part that cooperates with the locking groove 203. Through the cooperation of the two guide grooves and the locking groove 203 with the T-shaped guide block 1501 and the locking part on the buffer bag 15, and in conjunction with the first buffer spring 16, the positioning of the buffer bag 15 and the upper connecting plate 2 is realized, reducing the shaking phenomenon during transportation.

[0077] A hollow locking post 17 is provided in the height direction of the locking groove 203. A reinforcing rib is directly connected to the locking groove 203. A drive rod 18 is movably provided inside the locking post 17. A second buffer spring 19 that cooperates with the drive rod 18 is provided inside the locking post 17. An end plate 20 is fixedly connected to the open end of the locking post 17. A drive part is provided through the end plate 20 of the locking post 17. A limiting part that cooperates with the end plate 20 is provided in the locking post 17. The second buffer spring 19 drives the locking post 17 to move upward and drives the limiting part to contact the end plate 20.

[0078] The top of the locking post 17 has three telescopic grooves 1701 around the axis. The end plate 20 has a locking part that cooperates with the telescopic grooves 1701. Each locking part is hinged to one end of a connecting rod 21. The other end of the connecting rod 21 is hinged to one end of a locking rod 22. The other end of the locking rod 22 passes through the telescopic groove 1701 and is hinged to the drive rod 18. The locking rod 22 has a locking rib 2201 that contacts the upper surface of the buffer bag 15.

[0079] The drive unit drives the drive rod 18 downward and compresses the second buffer spring 19. At the same time, the drive rod 18 drives one end of the locking rod 22 downward and drives the connecting rod 21 to rotate around the hinge point. Simultaneously, the locking rib 2201 also moves downward and drives the buffer bag 15 to compress the first buffer spring 16 downward until the connecting rod 21 is set perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The locking rib 2201 disengages from the upper surface of the buffer bag 15 and moves upward under the action of the first buffer spring 16. The technician then moves the damaged buffer bag 15 to be replaced.

[0080] When replacing the buffer pack 15, the T-shaped guide block 1501 of the buffer pack 15 engages with the guide groove, and the locking part engages with the locking groove 203. Under the action of gravity, the buffer pack 15 moves downward. The buffer pack 15 first contacts the connecting rod 21 and drives the connecting rod 21 to rotate around the hinge point. At the same time, the connecting rod 21 drives the locking rod 22 to rotate around the hinge point and drives the locking rod 22 downward and compresses the spring (if the downward pressure is insufficient, pressure can be applied) until the upper surface of the buffer pack 15 moves to the underside of the locking rib 2201. The locking rod 22 moves upward under the action of the second buffer spring 19 and contacts the end plate 20. The lower surface of the locking rib 2201 is set parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0081] The buffer pack 15 moves upward under the action of the first buffer spring 16 and contacts the lower surface of the locking rib 2201 to lock, thus completing the replacement of the buffer pack 15.

[0082] Example 3:

[0083] like Figure 12 , Figure 13 As shown, a rear-end collision avoidance device for vehicles is fixedly installed at the rear of a guardrail repair vehicle (it can also be installed on a collision avoidance vehicle, guardrail pile driver, tracked vehicle, four-wheeled vehicle, etc.). It includes a rotating component that drives the collision avoidance device from a first state to a second state. The first state is when the collision avoidance device rotates around a rotation point to a vertical state, meaning the moving trolley is in a non-working state (transportation state, etc.). The second working state is when the collision avoidance device rotates around the rotation point to a horizontal state, at which point the moving trolley is in a working state. This prevents damage to the vehicle and loss of life when the trolley is struck by passing vehicles during operation, thus providing buffer protection (for both vehicles and personnel).

[0084] The rotating assembly includes: a connecting frame 3 fixedly installed at the rear of the mobile trolley, a drive cylinder 4 hinged to the connecting frame 3, a lower connecting plate 1 hinged to the extension rod of the drive cylinder 4, the lower connecting plate 1 being hinged to the connecting frame 3, and the drive cylinder 4 driving the lower connecting plate 1 to rotate around the hinge point, thereby driving the anti-collision device to move from the first state to the second state or from the second state to the first state.

[0085] The rotating assembly is hinged to a lower connecting plate 1, which is fitted with one end of a buffer assembly, and the other end of the buffer assembly is fitted with an upper connecting plate 2.

[0086] The buffer assembly includes: at least one set of cross components disposed between the lower connecting plate 1 and the upper connecting plate 2, each set of cross components having two cross-arranged buffer rods, the two cross-arranged buffer rods being hinged at the middle; one of the buffer rods (or the connecting plate 1) is hinged to one end of a buffer cylinder 5, the telescopic rod of the buffer cylinder 5 is hinged to the other buffer rod, both the lower connecting plate 1 and the upper connecting plate 2 are provided with hinge platforms (ear plates) that cooperate with the buffer rods and displacement grooves 202, by changing the included angle of the two buffer rods to drive the extension and retraction of the buffer cylinder 5, thereby changing the distance between the upper connecting plate 2 and the lower connecting plate 1 to achieve the purpose of buffering.

[0087] The above structure uses an existing cross-link lifting device, except that the lifting cylinder is replaced with a buffer cylinder 5. Simultaneously, under the action of the displacement groove 202 and the hinge platform (ear plate), it adapts to the tilt angle of the upper connecting plate 2. When the upper connecting plate 2 is subjected to impact force and displacement occurs, the buffer rod drives the moving wheel or slider to move along the displacement groove 202 and compress the buffer cylinder 5, thus achieving a buffering effect. The change in the included angle between the two buffer rods causes the buffer cylinder to extend and retract, thereby buffering the impact force between the upper and lower connecting plates.

[0088] like Figure 16 As shown, each set of cross components can also be equipped with two buffer cylinders 5. The two buffer cylinders 5 are set on both sides of the hinge point of the two buffer rods. The two buffer cylinders 5 on both sides further improve the buffering effect. At the same time, when the upper connecting plate 2 experiences local impact pressure, it can drive the upper connecting plate 2 and the lower connecting plate 1 to form a buffer angle, providing an overall buffering effect and buffering greater impact forces.

[0089] A pressure relief component is provided between the lower connecting plate 1 and the upper connecting plate 2 to cooperate with the buffer component. The pressure relief component provides secondary buffering for the impact pressure between the upper connecting plate 2 and the lower connecting plate 1.

[0090] To better buffer the impact force, a pressure relief component is installed on the anti-collision device, which can provide secondary buffering and improve safety for the subsequent reset of the anti-collision device.

[0091] like Figure 14 As shown, the pressure relief assembly includes: a pressure relief pipe 7 that communicates with the inside of the cylinder of the buffer cylinder 5, and the pressure relief pipe 7 is connected to an inflation valve 8 and a pressure gauge 9.

[0092] The other end of the pressure relief pipe 7 is sequentially connected to an air filling valve 8, a pressure gauge 9, a one-way valve, and a flow valve assembly 14, wherein the flow limiting plug is connected to the upper cylinder.

[0093] When subjected to external force, it works with the buffer assembly to buffer the pressure. When there is no impact pressure, it works with the buffer assembly to drive the upper connecting plate 2 back to the initial position. The pressure gauge 9 checks whether the internal pressure of the buffer cylinder 5 is normal. If the pressure is insufficient, gas is introduced through the inflation valve 8.

[0094] The telescopic rod of the buffer cylinder 5 is equipped with a piston 501. The piston 501 divides the cylinder of the buffer cylinder 5 into an upper cylinder 502 and a lower cylinder 503. The telescopic rod passes through the upper cylinder 502 and extends to the outer wall of the cylinder. One end of the pressure relief pipe 7 is connected to the lower cylinder 503. The other end of the pressure relief pipe 7 is sequentially connected to an air filling valve 8, a pressure gauge 9, a one-way valve, and a flow valve assembly 14, wherein the flow limiting plug is connected to the upper cylinder.

[0095] The one-way throttle valve assembly 14 includes: a body, which has a channel one and a channel two. A one-way throttle valve is installed in the channel one, which only allows the gas in the lower cylinder 503 to move to the upper cylinder 502. A shut-off valve is installed in the channel two.

[0096] During operation, since the lower cylinder 503 is filled with nitrogen, the shut-off valve must be closed. When subjected to external impact, the gas in the lower cylinder 503 flows through the channel and slowly enters the upper cylinder 502 through the flow-limiting plug 13, thereby achieving pressure balance between the upper and lower cylinders. When the impacting object is removed, the telescopic rod of the buffer cylinder 5 remains stationary under the action of the check valve and the shut-off valve, so it will not rebound and injure people.

[0097] After the external impact object moves away, the shut-off valve is opened, and the gas passes through the flow-limiting plug 13 and the shut-off valve until the internal pressure of the lower cylinder 503 pushes the piston 501 back to the initial position, thus achieving a buffering effect when working again.

[0098] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, a buffer pack 15 is detachably connected to the upper connecting plate 2. The buffer pack 15 can first buffer external impact force. The buffer pack 15 can be detachably connected to the upper connecting plate 2 by screws, because the buffer pack 15 needs to be replaced continuously after it is damaged.

[0099] However, when replacing screws or bolts, the threads are often damaged, so after a period of use, they need to be replaced together with the upper connecting plate 2.

[0100] The upper connecting plate 2 is provided with two guide grooves, and the buffer bag 15 is provided with a T-shaped guide block 1501 that cooperates with the guide grooves. A first buffer spring 16 is provided between the T-shaped guide block 1501 and the guide groove.

[0101] The upper connecting plate 2 is provided with a locking groove 203 between the two guide grooves. The buffer bag 15 is provided with a locking part that cooperates with the locking groove 203. Through the cooperation of the two guide grooves and the locking groove 203 with the T-shaped guide block 1501 and the locking part on the buffer bag 15, and in conjunction with the first buffer spring 16, the positioning of the buffer bag 15 and the upper connecting plate 2 is realized, reducing the shaking phenomenon during transportation.

[0102] A hollow locking post 17 is provided in the height direction of the locking groove 203. A reinforcing rib is directly connected to the locking groove 203. A drive rod 18 is movable inside the locking post 17. A second buffer spring 19 that cooperates with the drive rod 18 is provided inside the locking post 17. An end plate 20 is fixedly connected to the open end of the locking post 17. A drive part is provided through the end plate 20 of the locking post 17. A limiting part that cooperates with the end plate 20 is provided in the locking post 17. The second buffer spring 19 drives the locking post 17 to move upward and drives the limiting part to contact the end plate 20.

[0103] The top of the locking post 17 has three telescopic grooves 1701 around the axis. The end plate 20 has a locking part that cooperates with the telescopic grooves 1701. Each locking part is hinged to one end of a connecting rod 21. The other end of the connecting rod 21 is hinged to one end of a locking rod 22. The other end of the locking rod 22 passes through the telescopic groove 1701 and is hinged to the drive rod 18. The locking rod 22 has a locking rib 2201 that contacts the upper surface of the buffer bag 15.

[0104] The drive unit drives the drive rod 18 downward and compresses the second buffer spring 19. At the same time, the drive rod 18 drives one end of the locking rod 22 downward and drives the connecting rod 21 to rotate around the hinge point. Simultaneously, the locking rib 2201 also moves downward and drives the buffer bag 15 to compress the first buffer spring 16 downward until the connecting rod 21 is set perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The locking rib 2201 disengages from the upper surface of the buffer bag 15 and moves upward under the action of the first buffer spring 16. The technician then moves the damaged buffer bag 15 to be replaced.

[0105] When replacing the buffer pack 15, the T-shaped guide block 1501 of the buffer pack 15 engages with the guide groove, and the locking part engages with the locking groove 203. Under the action of gravity, the buffer pack 15 moves downward. The buffer pack 15 first contacts the connecting rod 21 and drives the connecting rod 21 to rotate around the hinge point. At the same time, the connecting rod 21 drives the locking rod 22 to rotate around the hinge point and drives the locking rod 22 downward and compresses the spring (if the downward pressure is insufficient, pressure can be applied) until the upper surface of the buffer pack 15 moves to the underside of the locking rib 2201. The locking rod 22 moves upward under the action of the second buffer spring 19 and contacts the end plate 20. The lower surface of the locking rib 2201 is set parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0106] The buffer pack 15 moves upward under the action of the first buffer spring 16 and contacts the lower surface of the locking rib 2201 to lock, thus completing the replacement of the buffer pack 15.

[0107] Example 4:

[0108] like Figure 15 As shown, a rear-end collision avoidance device for vehicles is fixedly installed at the rear of a guardrail repair vehicle (it can also be installed on a collision avoidance vehicle, guardrail pile driver, tracked vehicle, four-wheeled vehicle, etc.). It includes a rotating component that drives the collision avoidance device from a first state to a second state. The first state is when the collision avoidance device rotates around a rotation point to a vertical state, meaning the moving trolley is in a non-working state (transportation state, etc.). The second working state is when the collision avoidance device rotates around the rotation point to a horizontal state, at which point the moving trolley is in a working state. This prevents damage to the vehicle and loss of life when the trolley is struck by passing vehicles during operation, thus providing buffer protection (for both vehicles and personnel).

[0109] The rotating assembly includes: a connecting frame 3 fixedly installed at the rear of the mobile trolley, a drive cylinder 4 hinged to the connecting frame 3, a lower connecting plate 1 hinged to the extension rod of the drive cylinder 4, the lower connecting plate 1 being hinged to the connecting frame 3, and the drive cylinder 4 driving the lower connecting plate 1 to rotate around the hinge point, thereby driving the anti-collision device to move from the first state to the second state or from the second state to the first state.

[0110] The rotating assembly is hinged to a lower connecting plate 1, which is fitted with one end of a buffer assembly, and the other end of the buffer assembly is fitted with an upper connecting plate 2.

[0111] The buffer assembly includes two pressure relief springs 24, each containing a pressure relief rod 23. The top of one pressure relief rod 23 is hinged to the upper connecting plate 2, and the top of the other pressure relief rod 23 is hinged to a movable wheel 6. The upper connecting plate 2 has a moving groove 201 along its length that mates with the movable wheel 6. The lower connecting plate 1 has a lower pressing block that mates with the other end of the two pressure relief rods 23. The lower pressing block has a guide hole that mates with the pressure relief rod 23. When the upper connecting plate 2 is subjected to impact pressure, the upper connecting plate 2 moves downward, causing the pressure relief rod 23 to move downward and mate with the guide hole, thus compressing the pressure relief spring 24 and buffering the impact pressure on the upper connecting plate 2.

[0112] Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A rear collision avoidance device for a vehicle, installed at the rear of a mobile cart, comprising: A rotating assembly drives the device to move from a first state to a second state. The rotating assembly is fixedly connected to a lower connecting plate. One end of the lower connecting plate is fitted with a buffer assembly, and the other end of the buffer assembly is fitted with an upper connecting plate. The characteristic feature is that a pressure relief assembly is provided between the lower connecting plate and the upper connecting plate, which cooperates with the buffer assembly. The pressure relief assembly provides secondary buffering for the pressure between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate. The pressure relief assembly includes: a pressure relief pipe communicating with the inside of the buffer cylinder, and the pressure relief pipe is connected to an inflation valve and a pressure gauge; The upper connecting plate is detachably connected to a buffer bag; The upper connecting plate is provided with two guide grooves, the buffer bag is provided with a T-shaped guide block that cooperates with the guide grooves, and a first buffer spring is provided between the T-shaped guide block and the guide groove; The upper connecting plate is provided with a locking groove between the two guide grooves. The buffer bag is provided with a locking part that cooperates with the locking groove. A hollow locking post is provided in the height direction of the locking groove. A driving rod is moved inside the locking post. A second buffer spring that cooperates with the driving rod is provided inside the locking post. An end plate is fixedly connected to the open end of the locking post. A driving part is provided through the end plate of the locking post. A limiting part that cooperates with the end plate is provided on the locking post. The second buffer spring drives the locking post to move upward and drives the limiting part to contact the end plate. The top of the locking post has three telescopic grooves around the axis. The end plate has a locking part that cooperates with the telescopic grooves. Each locking part is hinged to one end of a connecting rod. The other end of the connecting rod is hinged to one end of a locking rod. The other end of the locking rod passes through the telescopic groove and is hinged to the drive rod. The locking rod has a locking rib that contacts the upper surface of the buffer bag. Includes: a rotating component that drives the device to move from a first state to a second state; the rotating component is fixedly connected to a lower connecting plate; one end of the lower connecting plate is fitted with a buffer component; and the other end of the buffer component is fitted with an upper connecting plate. The buffer assembly includes two pressure relief springs, each containing a pressure relief rod. The top of one pressure relief rod is hinged to the upper connecting plate, and the top of the other pressure relief rod is hinged to a movable wheel. The upper connecting plate has a moving groove along its length that mates with the movable wheel. The lower connecting plate has a lower pressing block that mates with the other ends of the two pressure relief rods. The lower pressing block has a guide hole that mates with the pressure relief rods. When the upper connecting plate is subjected to impact pressure, the upper connecting plate moves downward, causing the pressure relief rods to move downward and compressing the pressure relief springs, thus buffering the impact pressure on the upper connecting plate.

2. The vehicle rear collision avoidance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer assembly includes two sets of buffer cylinders arranged side by side, with the bottom of the buffer cylinders fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate. The top of one set of buffer cylinders is hinged to the upper connecting plate, and the top of the other set of buffer cylinders is hinged to a movable wheel. The upper connecting plate is provided with a movable groove that cooperates with the movable wheel.

3. The vehicle rear collision avoidance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer assembly includes two sets of buffer cylinders arranged side by side, one set of buffer cylinders having its bottom fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate, and the other set of buffer cylinders being hinged to the lower connecting plate. The tops of both sets of buffer cylinders are hinged to the upper connecting plate.

4. The vehicle rear collision avoidance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer assembly includes: at least one set of cross components disposed between the lower connecting plate and the upper connecting plate, each set of cross components having two cross-arranged buffer rods, the two cross-arranged buffer rods being hinged at the middle; one end of the buffer cylinder is hinged to a buffer rod or the lower connecting plate, the telescopic rod of the buffer cylinder is hinged to another buffer rod, the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are both provided with hinge platforms and displacement grooves that cooperate with the buffer rods, the buffer cylinder is extended and retracted by changing the included angle of the two buffer rods, thereby buffering the impact force between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate; Each set of cross components can also be equipped with two buffer cylinders, which are located on both sides of the hinge point of the two buffer rods.

5. The vehicle rear collision avoidance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A safety valve and a pressure relief valve are fixedly connected to the end of the pressure relief pipe.

6. The vehicle rear collision avoidance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic rod of the buffer cylinder is equipped with a piston, which divides the cylinder body of the buffer cylinder into an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder. The telescopic rod passes through the upper cylinder and extends to the outer wall of the cylinder. One end of the pressure relief pipe is connected to the lower cylinder, and the other end of the pressure relief pipe is connected to a venting valve. The venting valve is connected to a flow-limiting plug, and the flow-limiting plug is connected to the upper cylinder.

7. The vehicle rear collision avoidance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic rod of the buffer cylinder is equipped with a piston, which divides the cylinder body of the buffer cylinder into an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder. The telescopic rod passes through the upper cylinder and extends to the outer wall of the cylinder. One end of the pressure relief pipe is connected to the lower cylinder, and the other end of the pressure relief pipe is sequentially connected to an air filling valve, a pressure gauge, a one-way throttle valve, and a flow limiting plug, wherein the flow limiting plug is connected to the upper cylinder.

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