An antenna unit, an antenna system, and an electronic device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of antennas, and provides an antenna unit, an antenna system and electronic equipment, the antenna unit comprising: a first dipole and a second dipole; a first gap is arranged between the first dipole and the second dipole; a first feeding point is arranged on the first dipole, and a second feeding point is arranged on the second dipole; the first dipole and the second dipole are used for receiving and transmitting signals of a first frequency band; and the first gap is used for receiving and transmitting signals of a second frequency band. Therefore, the antenna unit can cover a wider frequency band while reducing the volume of a wireless router.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of antenna technology, and in particular relates to an antenna element, an antenna system, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology, wireless communication technology has become inseparable from people's daily lives. For example, mobile phones and tablets all use wireless communication technology. As a relay transmission device for wireless communication, wireless routers are widely used in people's lives, and the antennas of wireless routers bear the important task of radiating and / or receiving electromagnetic wave signals.

[0003] In the existing technology, one antenna of a wireless router can radiate and / or receive electromagnetic wave signals of one or two frequency bands.

[0004] However, due to the rapid development of wireless communication technology, people want wireless routers to be able to radiate and / or receive electromagnetic wave signals of higher frequencies and wider bandwidths. This requires setting up multiple antennas to cover a wider frequency band, which increases the number of antennas in the wireless router, occupies more space, and makes the wireless router larger. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an antenna unit, an antenna system, and an electronic device, which can solve the problem in the prior art where the increased number of antennas leads to a larger size of the wireless router when covering a wider frequency band.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an antenna element, including: a first vibrator and a second vibrator; a first gap is provided between the first vibrator and the second vibrator; a first feed point is provided on the first vibrator, and a second feed point is provided on the second vibrator; the first vibrator and the second vibrator are used to transmit and receive signals in a first frequency band; the first gap is used to transmit and receive signals in a second frequency band.

[0007] This antenna element can operate in two different antenna configurations at different frequency bands using a limited number of antenna elements, forming two resonant states. This allows a single antenna element to simultaneously radiate and / or receive signals from multiple frequency bands. Compared to a single microstrip antenna or FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) antenna, this combination of a slot antenna design adds another resonant state without increasing the number of elements. Furthermore, compared to the traditional method of directly increasing the number of antenna elements to cover a wide bandwidth, this reduces the number of antenna elements, thus decreasing the size of the antenna element. This also allows for a reduction in the size of the wireless routers and other electronic devices used, saving on manufacturing costs.

[0008] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first gap is shaped like a U-shape, and the first oscillator is arranged in a U-shape around the outside of the second oscillator.

[0009] In this application, when the antenna element operates in the second frequency band, the first slot in the antenna element is used to transmit and receive signals in the second frequency band. At this time, the antenna element is in the form of a slot antenna.

[0010] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the second oscillator is a rectangle with a rectangular notch arranged along the edge of the rectangle.

[0011] In this application, the second element can be a rectangle with a rectangular notch, which allows the second element and the first element to form a microstrip antenna, which can be used to transmit and receive signals in a different frequency band than those transmitted and received by the first slot. The size of the rectangular notch is easy to set during simulation, reducing design difficulty; it also makes it easier to control the processing dimensions, reducing manufacturing difficulty.

[0012] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the rectangular notch includes a first notch located at a first corner of the rectangle, the first corner being a corner of the rectangle near the interior of the antenna element.

[0013] In this application, the second element can be a rectangle with a rectangular notch. The rectangular notch can be located at a corner of the second element near the inside of the antenna element. This allows it to form a microstrip antenna with the first element, which can be used to transmit and receive signals in a specific frequency band, thus enabling the antenna element to cover a wider frequency range.

[0014] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the rectangular notch further includes a second notch located at a second corner of the rectangle, the second corner being the opposite corner of the first corner.

[0015] In this application, the second element can also be a rectangle with two rectangular notches. The first rectangular notch can be located at one corner of the second element near the inside of the antenna element, and the second rectangular notch can be located at the opposite corner of one corner of the second element near the inside of the antenna element. This way, it can form a microstrip antenna with the first element, which can be used to transmit and receive signals of different types than those transmitted and received by the antenna element containing the second element with a rectangular notch. This can make the frequency range covered by the antenna element wider.

[0016] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first feed point is a rectangular structure recessed in the first oscillator, and the second feed point is a rectangular structure protruding from the second oscillator, wherein the first feed point and the second feed point are convex-concave structures.

[0017] The first feed point of the antenna unit can be connected to the cable shield of the output cable, and the second feed point can be connected to the cable core of the output cable to achieve feeding. The concave-convex structure of the feed points facilitates the connection between the feed points and the output cable.

[0018] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first frequency band has a lower frequency than the second frequency band.

[0019] This antenna element can operate in two different antenna configurations at different frequency bands using a limited number of antenna elements, forming two resonant states, thus enabling a single antenna element to simultaneously radiate and / or receive signals from multiple frequency bands.

[0020] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first frequency band is the 2.4G band of WIFI (Wireless Fidelity), and the second frequency band is the 5.8G band of WIFI;

[0021] Alternatively, the first frequency band may be a low-frequency band for cellular mobile communication, and the second frequency band may be a medium- or high-frequency band for cellular mobile communication.

[0022] Compared to a single microstrip antenna or FPC antenna, this application combines the features of a slot antenna, thereby adding a resonant state without increasing the number of elements. Furthermore, compared to the traditional method of directly increasing the number of antenna elements to cover a wide bandwidth, this reduces the number of antenna elements, thus reducing the size of the antenna element. This also allows for a reduction in the size of the applied wireless router and other electronic devices, and saves on manufacturing costs.

[0023] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the antenna element is in the form of a microstrip antenna or a flexible circuit board.

[0024] When the antenna unit adopts the form of a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) microstrip antenna, it is not easily damaged and has high reliability; when it adopts the form of an FPC antenna, it is thinner and smaller, and its bendable characteristics make the application scenarios more flexible.

[0025] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an antenna system including two antenna elements as described in any of the technical solutions of the first aspect, wherein the two antenna elements include a first antenna element and a second antenna element.

[0026] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, an isolation strip is provided between the first antenna element and the second antenna element.

[0027] Setting an isolation strip between two antenna elements can separate the two antenna elements and prevent them from interfering with each other when they are working.

[0028] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the distance between the first end of the first antenna unit and the first end of the second antenna unit is greater than the distance between the second end of the first antenna unit and the first end of the second antenna unit, the first end of the first antenna unit is the end away from the isolation strip, the second end of the first antenna unit is the end close to the isolation strip, and the first end of the second antenna unit is the end close to the isolation strip.

[0029] This allows the first and second antenna elements to be neatly arranged, reducing the size of the antenna and facilitating subsequent maintenance or repair.

[0030] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the first antenna unit is used to transmit and receive signals in the WIFI band, and the second antenna unit is used to transmit and receive signals in cellular mobile communication.

[0031] An antenna system containing two antenna elements can be used to transmit and receive signals not only in the Wi-Fi band but also in cellular mobile communication bands. This allows a small antenna system to simultaneously radiate and / or receive signals from multiple frequency bands, reducing the number of antennas compared to the traditional method of directly increasing the number of antennas to cover a wide bandwidth. It also allows for a reduction in the size of the wireless routers and other electronic devices used, thus saving on manufacturing costs.

[0032] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including: an antenna unit as described in any of the technical solutions of the first aspect; or, including: an antenna system as described in any of the technical solutions of the second aspect.

[0033] In one possible implementation of the third aspect, the electronic device is a wireless router.

[0034] It is understood that the beneficial effects of the second and third aspects mentioned above can be found in the relevant descriptions in the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is an external schematic diagram of an external antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a helical antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a single-band external antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a single-fed dual-band external antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a built-in antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of an antenna element provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a structure where the first gap has a different shape, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a first oscillator is arranged in a different shape around a second oscillator, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of an antenna element provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a structure where the second oscillator is of a different structure, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0046] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a structure provided in an embodiment of this application where the first feed point and the second feed point have other structures;

[0047] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the differences between a PCB antenna and an FPC antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 13 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an FPC antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna system with mirror adjustment of a first antenna unit or a second antenna unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an output cable connection terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of a wireless router output cable provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 18 This is a simulation diagram illustrating the relationship between the frequency and standing wave ratio of a first antenna element provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal coordinates of an antenna radiation pattern provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 20 This is an antenna pattern of a first antenna element provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 21 This is a simulation diagram illustrating the relationship between the frequency and standing wave ratio of a second antenna element, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0057] Figure 22 This is an antenna pattern for a second antenna element provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 23 The isolation strip provided in this application has a size of 36×20mm. 2 Simulation diagram illustrating the relationship between frequency and isolation;

[0059] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of an external antenna for a wireless router provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0060] Figure label:

[0061] First oscillator: 601;

[0062] Second oscillator: 602;

[0063] First gap: 603;

[0064] Substrate: 604;

[0065] First power supply point: 6011;

[0066] Second feed point: 6021;

[0067] First antenna element: 1401;

[0068] Second antenna element: 1402;

[0069] Isolation zone: 1403. Detailed Implementation

[0070] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0071] It should be understood that, when used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or a collection thereof.

[0072] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0073] As used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "when," "once," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, the phrase "if determined" or "if detected [the described condition or event]" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as meaning "once determined," "in response to determination," "once detected [the described condition or event]," or "in response to detection [the described condition or event]."

[0074] Furthermore, in the description of this application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0075] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0076] Wireless routers, as relay transmission devices for wireless communication, are widely used in our daily lives and studies. The antennas of wireless routers play a crucial role in radiating and / or receiving electromagnetic wave signals. Currently, wireless router antennas are mainly divided into two types: external antennas and internal antennas. Figure 1 This is a common external diagram of an external antenna. External antennas for wireless routers typically include single-band and dual-band antennas. The following is a brief introduction to common wireless router antennas.

[0077] Wireless routers typically use helical antennas as their external antenna elements. First, a brief introduction to the principle of helical antennas will be given. (See also...) Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a helical antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0078] Helical antennas are the most commonly used circularly polarized antennas. They are typically fed by a coaxial line. One end of the helical antenna can be connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line, while the other end can remain free. For example... Figure 2 In the schematic diagram of the spiral antenna shown, 2d is the spiral diameter, l is the length, and s is the pitch. N can be defined as the number of spiral turns. Then, according to the formula: The operating frequency f of the helical antenna is approximately calculated. Wherein, the pitch... The total length of the required metal wire is L = 2N × π × d. Once the operating frequency of the helical antenna is determined, other parameters can be determined accordingly.

[0079] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a common single-band external antenna. A single-band external antenna can be used to radiate and / or receive signals from the 2.4GHz or 5.8GHz Wi-Fi bands. It primarily uses a helical antenna as its vibrator, and its operating principle is as described above. Figure 3The single-band external antenna shown uses a spring as the vibrator of the helical antenna. Because single-band external antennas have a narrow operating bandwidth and a large size, their gain can typically reach 5dBi. A single-band antenna can only support signal transmission and reception in one frequency band.

[0080] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a common single-fed dual-band external antenna. The operating frequency of a dual-band external antenna can simultaneously cover the 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz Wi-Fi bands. Depending on the feed point, the implementation scheme of the dual-band external antenna varies. For example, a single-fed dual-band external antenna can use 2-3 spring groups internally to form resonant points for multiple frequency bands. Figure 4 The single-fed dual-band external antenna shown can internally employ three springs to form three resonant points. One resonant point can be located in the 2.4 GHz band, and two resonant points can be located in the 5.8 GHz band, to achieve a standing wave ratio (SWR) below 2.0 across the entire 5.8 GHz band. However, such a structure is relatively large.

[0081] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a common type of built-in antenna. Built-in antennas operate at the 2.4GHz or 5.8GHz Wi-Fi band, with a single-band bandwidth. They are typically FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) or PCB (Printed Circuit Board) antennas. The antenna gain and radiation direction are determined by the shape and size of the metal surface. An FPC antenna essentially pulls out the antenna traces from a PCB board, using the metal of those traces as the antenna itself. This allows the FPC antenna to be independent of the PCB material, making it a flexible printed circuit antenna that can be fixed within small Wi-Fi devices. If dual-band or more bands need to be supported, two or more such antennas are required for coverage.

[0082] In the existing technology, as mentioned above, an antenna can only radiate and / or receive signals from two frequency bands at most. However, with the development of wireless communication technology, people want antennas to radiate and / or receive signals from higher frequencies and wider bandwidths. This requires setting up multiple antennas to cover a wider frequency band. As a result, the number of antennas in the wireless router will increase, occupying more space and causing the wireless router to become larger.

[0083] This application combines the operating states of a microstrip antenna (also known as a microstrip patch antenna) and a slot antenna, or a combination of an FPC antenna and a slot antenna. This allows a single antenna element to operate in different frequency bands with different antenna configurations using a limited number of antenna elements, creating two resonant states. This enables a single antenna element to simultaneously radiate and / or receive signals from multiple frequency bands. Compared to the traditional method of directly increasing the number of antenna elements to cover a wide bandwidth, this reduces the number of antenna elements, thereby reducing the size of the antenna element. Simultaneously, it allows for a reduction in the size of the applied wireless router and other electronic devices, and also saves on manufacturing costs.

[0084] First, this application provides an antenna element that may include two elements with a gap between them. The two elements may be made of copper foil or other materials with good conductivity; this application does not limit this. These elements may be attached to a substrate 604. See also... Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of an antenna unit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0085] Specifically, the antenna element provided in this application includes a first element 601 and a second element 602; a first gap 603 is provided between the first element 601 and the second element 602; a first feed point 6011 is provided on the first element 601, and a second feed point 6021 is provided on the second element 602; the first element 601 and the second element 602 are used to transmit and receive signals in a first frequency band; the first gap 603 is used to transmit and receive signals in a second frequency band. It should be noted that... Figure 6 The dimensions in the text are in millimeters. Figure 6 The dimensions shown are merely an example; the specific dimensions can be adjusted based on the material of the substrate 604, the material of the conductive material, and the frequency band used, and are not intended to limit the structure of the antenna unit in this application.

[0086] When the antenna unit operates in the first frequency band, such as the 2.4G WIFI band, the first element 601 and the second element 602 in the antenna unit will act as radiators of the antenna unit to transmit and receive signals in the first frequency band. At this time, the antenna unit can be in the form of a microstrip antenna or an FPC antenna. When the antenna unit operates in the second frequency band, the first slot 603 in the antenna unit will be used to transmit and receive signals in the second frequency band. At this time, the antenna unit is in the form of a slot antenna.

[0087] This antenna element can operate in two different antenna configurations at different frequency bands using a limited number of antenna elements, forming two resonant states. This allows a single antenna element to simultaneously radiate and / or receive signals from multiple frequency bands. Compared to a single microstrip or FPC antenna, this combination of a slot antenna design adds another resonant state without increasing the number of elements. Furthermore, compared to the traditional method of directly increasing the number of antenna elements to cover a wide bandwidth, this reduces the number of antenna elements, thus decreasing the size of the antenna element. This also allows for a reduction in the size of the wireless routers and other electronic devices used in this design, saving on manufacturing costs.

[0088] Optionally, the shape of the first slit 603 can be as follows: Figure 6 The concave-shaped structure shown can also be other shapes; see [link / reference]. Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a structure where the first gap has a different shape, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As can be seen from Figure a, the shape of the first gap 603 can be an L-shaped structure, which is... Figure 7 As shown in Figure b, the shape of the first slit 603 can also be a 1-shaped structure. This application does not limit the shape of the first slit 603; the following description uses the shape of the first slit 603 as an example. Figure 6 The following explanation uses a concave structure as an example. It should be noted that the specific dimensions of the oscillator can be adjusted for different gap configurations, as long as multiple resonant points can be formed.

[0089] Optionally, the first oscillator 601 can be configured as follows: Figure 6 The U-shaped structure shown is arranged around the exterior of the second oscillator 602. Other shapes of structures can also be used to surround the exterior of the second oscillator 602. See [link / reference]. Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure in which a first oscillator, in a different shape, surrounds a second oscillator, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 As shown in Figure a, the first oscillator 601 can be arranged in a U-shape around the second oscillator 602. Figure 8 As shown in Figure b, the first oscillator 601 can also be arranged in other U-shaped structures around the second oscillator 602, such as a semi-circular structure. This application does not limit the structure in which the first oscillator 601 is arranged around the second oscillator 602; the following will use examples such as... Figure 6 The first oscillator 601 shown is illustrated by taking the U-shaped structure surrounding the second oscillator 602 as an example.

[0090] In some embodiments, the resonant frequency can be changed by adjusting the shape of the second oscillator 602, and the shape of the second oscillator 602 is not limited in this application embodiment. Optionally, the second oscillator 602 can be a rectangle with a rectangular notch, wherein the rectangular notch can be arranged along the edge of the rectangle.

[0091] In this application, the second element 602 can be a rectangle with a rectangular notch, so that the second element 602 and the first element 601 can form a microstrip antenna, which can be used to transmit and receive signals in a different frequency band than the signals transmitted and received by the first slot 603. The size of the rectangular notch is easy to set during simulation, reducing the design difficulty; it also makes it easier to control the processing size, reducing the difficulty of manufacturing.

[0092] Specifically, the rectangular notch of the second oscillator 602 may include the first notch, which may be located at the first corner of the rectangle. The first corner may be a corner of the rectangle closest to the interior of the antenna element. See also Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating another structure of an antenna element provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 It can be seen that the second element 602 can be a rectangle including a rectangular notch, and the rectangular notch is located at the lower right corner of the second element 602, that is, at one corner of the rectangle closest to the interior of the antenna element. Figure 9 The dimensions in the text are in millimeters, and Figure 9 The dimensions shown are merely an example. Specific dimensions can be adjusted based on the material of the substrate 604, the material of the conductive material, and the frequency band used. They are not intended to limit the structure of the antenna unit in this application.

[0093] In this application, the second element 602 can be a rectangle with a rectangular notch. The rectangular notch can be located at a corner of the second element 602 near the inside of the antenna element. This way, it can form a microstrip antenna with the first element 601, which can be used to transmit and receive signals in a specific frequency band, and the frequency range covered by the antenna element can be wider.

[0094] Optionally, the rectangular notch of the second oscillator 602 may further include a second notch, wherein the second notch may be located at the second corner of the rectangle, the second corner being the diagonal opposite to the first corner, and the specific shape may be as follows: Figure 6 The second oscillator 602 included in it is shown.

[0095] In this application, the second element 602 can also be a rectangle with two rectangular notches. The first rectangular notch can be located at one corner of the second element 602 near the inside of the antenna element, and the second rectangular notch can be located at the opposite corner of the second element 602 near the inside of the antenna element. In this way, it can form a microstrip antenna with the first element 601, which can be used to transmit and receive signals of different types than those transmitted and received by the antenna element containing the second element 602 with a rectangular notch. This can make the frequency range covered by the antenna element wider.

[0096] Optionally, the second oscillator 602 can also be a structure with an arc-shaped notch arranged along the edge of a rectangle, or it can be other structures; this application does not limit this. See also Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a different structure for the second oscillator provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 As can be seen from Figure a, the second oscillator 602 can be a rectangle with three rectangular notches; Figure 10 As can be seen from Figure b, the second oscillator 602 can be a rectangle with a rectangular notch at the upper left corner; Figure 10 As can be seen from Figure c, the second oscillator 602 can be a rectangle with a rectangular notch on its top.

[0097] Based on the above embodiments, the form of the feed point of the antenna element is not limited. Optionally, the first feed point 6011 and the second feed point 6021 can be convex-concave structures. Specifically, the first feed point 6011 can be a rectangular structure recessed in the first vibrator 601, and the second feed point 6021 can be a rectangular structure protruding from the second vibrator 602, such as... Figure 6 or Figure 9 The image shows the shaded area with diagonal stripes, where the shaded area on the first oscillator 601 is the first feed point 6011, and the shaded area on the second oscillator 602 is the second feed point 6021.

[0098] Optionally, the first feed point 6011 and the second feed point 6021 can also be other structures, such as circular, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure where the first and second feed points are of other configurations, as provided in an embodiment of this application. The shaded areas represent feed points; the shaded area on the first oscillator 601 is the first feed point 6011, and the shaded area on the second oscillator 602 is the second feed point 6021. Figure 11 As can be seen from Figure a, the first feed point 6011 and the second feed point 6021 can be located on the first oscillator 601 and the second oscillator 602, respectively; from Figure 11As shown in Figure b, the first feed point 6011 can be a circular structure recessed in the first oscillator 601, and the second feed point 6021 can be a circular structure protruding from the second oscillator 602. This application does not limit the structure of the first feed point 6011 and the second feed point 6021, but... Figure 6 or Figure 9 The structure of the first feed point 6011 and the second feed point 6021 shown in the figure will be used as an example for explanation.

[0099] Specifically, in this application, the first oscillator 601 and the second oscillator 602 can be used to transmit and receive signals in the first frequency band; the first slot 603 can be used to transmit and receive signals in the second frequency band. The first frequency band has a lower frequency than the second frequency band.

[0100] Optionally, the first frequency band can be the 2.4G frequency band of WIFI, and the second frequency band can be the 5.8G frequency band of WIFI; or, the first frequency band can be the low frequency band of cellular mobile communication, and the second frequency band can be the medium and high frequency bands of cellular mobile communication.

[0101] Specifically, when the antenna element operates in the first frequency band, the first element 601 and the second element 602 act as radiators of the antenna element, capable of transmitting and receiving signals in the 2.4GHz Wi-Fi band, as well as low-frequency signals from cellular mobile communication. When the antenna element operates in the second frequency band, the first slot 603 can transmit and receive signals in the 5.8GHz Wi-Fi band, as well as mid- and high-frequency signals from cellular mobile communication. In this case, the antenna element takes the form of a slot antenna. The cellular mobile communication signal can be either LTE (Long Term Evolution) or NR (New Radio) signals; this application does not limit this, but the following explanation uses LTE signals as an example. This allows a small antenna element to operate in two different antenna configurations at different frequency bands using a limited number of antenna elements, forming two resonant states, thus enabling a single antenna element to simultaneously radiate and / or receive signals from multiple frequency bands.

[0102] In this application, the antenna element can be arranged on the substrate 604. Optionally, the antenna element can be in the form of a microstrip antenna, such as a PCB antenna, which is not easily damaged and has high reliability; it can also be in the form of a flexible circuit board, such as an FPC antenna. The substrate 604 of the PCB antenna can use FR4 (Fire Retardant Four) material, or other materials; this application does not limit this. A brief introduction to FPC antennas follows.

[0103] FPC antennas, as an important branch of PCB antennas, share essentially the same design principles; the only difference lies in their specific manufacturing processes. (See also...) Figure 12 , Figure 12 This is a structural schematic diagram illustrating the differences between a PCB antenna and an FPC antenna, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 12 As can be seen, the two antenna designs are largely the same, except that the PCB antenna uses a PCB board as the substrate (604 stainless steel), while the FPC antenna does not. The FPC antenna is essentially a PCB board with its antenna traces (antenna copper foil) pulled out and its metal used to form the antenna. Figure 13 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an FPC antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 13 As can be seen, the FPC antenna consists of, from top to bottom, antenna metal copper foil, adhesive layer, and polyester film. FPC possesses superior physical properties compared to traditional rigid circuit boards. It is not only thin and flexible but also has excellent conductivity. Using FPC can significantly reduce the size and weight of electronic products, meeting the demands of electronic products towards higher density, miniaturization, thinner profiles, and higher reliability.

[0104] Therefore, when the antenna unit adopts the form of a PCB microstrip antenna, it is not easily damaged and has high reliability; when it adopts the form of an FPC antenna, it is thinner and smaller, and its bendable characteristics make the application scenarios more flexible.

[0105] Based on the aforementioned antenna elements, this application also provides an antenna system. The antenna system may include two antenna elements as described above, and the two antenna elements may include a first antenna element 1401 and a second antenna element 1402. Optionally, both the first antenna element 1401 and the second antenna element 1402 may be as described above. Figure 6 The antenna elements shown can also all be as follows: Figure 9 The antenna element shown can also be the first antenna element 1401 as follows: Figure 6 The antenna elements shown, the second antenna element 1402 is as follows: Figure 9 The antenna element shown, or other combinations of antenna elements, are not limited in this application. The first antenna element 1401 is used as an example below. Figure 6 The antenna element and the second antenna element 1402 shown are as follows: Figure 9 The antenna element shown is used as an example for illustration. See [link / reference]. Figure 14 , Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of this application. The antenna system includes a substrate 604 with external dimensions of 150×20×0.5mm. 3 The PCB board can be made of FR4 material or other materials, and this application does not limit it. Figure 14The dimensions in the text are in millimeters, and Figure 14 The dimensions shown are merely an example. Specific dimensions can be adjusted based on the material of the substrate 604, the material of the conductive material, and the frequency band to be compatible. They are not intended to limit the structure of the antenna system of this application. Figure 14 The antenna system shown includes a, for example, an antenna system with, a ... Figure 6 The antenna element shown is denoted as the first antenna element 1401, and a... Figure 9 The antenna element shown is denoted as the second antenna element 1402. The first antenna element 1401 can transmit and receive signals in the 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz Wi-Fi bands, while the second antenna element 1402 can transmit and receive signals in the low-frequency, mid-frequency, and high-frequency bands of cellular mobile communication. Optionally, the mid-frequency signal of cellular mobile communication can be a signal from bands such as band 1, band 2, and band 3; the high-frequency signal of cellular mobile communication can be a signal from bands such as band 7 and band 41, and this is not limited. The cellular mobile communication standard in this embodiment is also not limited; it can be 2G (2nd Generation Mobile Communication Technology), 3G (3rd Generation Mobile Communication Technology), 4G (4th Generation Mobile Communication Technology), or 5G (5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology).

[0106] An antenna system containing two antenna elements can be used to transmit and receive signals not only in the Wi-Fi band but also in cellular mobile communication bands. This allows a small antenna system to simultaneously radiate and / or receive signals from multiple frequency bands, reducing the number of antennas compared to the traditional method of directly increasing the number of antennas to cover a wide bandwidth. It also allows for a reduction in the size of the wireless routers and other electronic devices used, thus saving on manufacturing costs.

[0107] Optionally, an isolation strip 1403 can be provided between the first antenna element 1401 and the second antenna element 1402. For example... Figure 14 The antenna system shown can be divided into three parts: a first antenna element 1401, a second antenna element 1402, and an isolation strip 1403 located between the two antenna elements. Optionally, the overall size of the first antenna element 1401 can be 52 × 20 mm. 2The overall dimensions of the second antenna unit 1402 can be 62×20mm. 2 The size of the isolation strip 1403 can be 36×20mm. 2 The dimensions provided in this application are merely examples and not limitations on the dimensions. Setting an isolation strip 1403 between two antenna elements can separate the two antenna elements, preventing them from interfering with each other during operation. The dimensions of the isolation strip 1403 can be determined by minimizing the antenna system size while meeting the isolation requirements of the two antenna elements.

[0108] Optionally, the distance between the first end of the first antenna element 1401 and the first end of the second antenna element 1402 can be greater than the distance between the second end of the first antenna element 1401 and the first end of the second antenna element 1402. Specifically, the first end of the first antenna element 1401 can be the end furthest from the isolation strip 1403, and the second end of the first antenna element 1401 can be the end closest to the isolation strip 1403. Similarly, the first end of the second antenna element 1402 can be the end closest to the isolation strip 1403. Figure 14 As shown. This allows the first antenna element 1401 and the second antenna element 1402 to be neatly arranged, reducing the size of the antenna and facilitating subsequent maintenance or repair. Optionally, in Figure 14 Based on the structure of the antenna system shown, the first antenna element 1401 or the second antenna element 1402 can be mirror-adjusted in the left-right direction. (See attached image.) Figure 15 , Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna system with mirrored adjustment of a first antenna element or a second antenna element, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 15 It can be seen that, with the first antenna element 1401 unchanged, the second antenna element 1402 can be mirrored, or with the second antenna element 1402 unchanged, the first antenna element 1401 can be mirrored. Optionally, the first antenna element 1401 and the second antenna element 1402 can also be mirrored simultaneously, or the first antenna element 1401 and / or the second antenna element 1402 can be rotated 180°, which is not limited in this application.

[0109] Optionally, the first feed point 6011 of the antenna element can be connected to the cable shielding layer of the output cable, and the second feed point 6021 can be connected to the cable core of the output cable to achieve feeding. Figure 16This is a schematic diagram of an output cable connection terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. Optionally, for ease of soldering, the output cable can be a 50mm long cable with a diameter of 1.38mm. The connection method between the feed point and the output cable includes, but is not limited to, soldering, etc., and this application does not limit this. Optionally, based on the interface characteristics of current wireless router antennas, the WIFI antenna and the cellular mobile communication antenna use two independent output cables, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 17 , Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of a wireless router output cable provided in an embodiment of this application, wherein the WIFI output cable can be connected to... Figure 14 The feed point of the first antenna element 1401 shown is connected, and the LTE output cable can be connected to... Figure 14 The power supply connection for the second antenna unit 1402 is shown. The connection at the other end of the output cable can be determined according to different requirements, and this application does not impose any limitations.

[0110] To illustrate the technical effects of the proposed solution, the following detailed explanation is provided in conjunction with simulation data. Figure 18 This is a simulation diagram illustrating the relationship between the frequency and VSWR of a first antenna element, provided as an embodiment of this application. The X-axis represents frequency, and the Y-axis represents VSWR. Through simulation and calculation, Figure 14 The antenna system shown includes a first antenna element 1401, namely, as Figure 6 The antenna element shown has a VSWR of approximately 1.3 in the 2.4GHz-2.5GHz frequency band of Wi-Fi. Figure 18 At frequency point m1, the frequency is 2.45GHz, and the VSWR is 1.2898; in the 5.15GHz-5.885GHz band of WIFI, the maximum VSWR is 1.7195. Figure 18 As shown in m2, m3, and m4, the frequencies are 5.15GHz, 5.885GHz, and 5.5GHz, respectively, with VSWRs of 1.7195, 1.246, and 1.2397, all below 2.0, meeting the antenna design requirement of a VSWR below 2.0. Based on the working principle of the antenna half-wave dipole, fine-tuning is performed as follows... Figure 6 The dimension f (f = 51 mm) of the first element 601 in the antenna element shown can be changed accordingly, as shown in the figure. Figure 14 The resonant frequency of the first antenna element 1401 in the illustrated antenna system is located in the 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi band, thereby changing its standing wave ratio (VSWR). Similarly, fine-tuning can be performed as follows: Figure 6 The dimension e (e = 4 mm) of the second element 602 in the antenna element shown can be changed accordingly, as shown in the figure. Figure 14 The antenna system shown has a first antenna element 1401 with a resonant frequency of 5.15GHz-5.885GHz in the WIFI range, which can change its standing wave ratio.

[0111] Figure 19 This diagram illustrates the horizontal coordinates of an antenna radiation pattern provided in an embodiment of this application. All antenna radiation patterns described below will use this coordinate system and will not be repeated. See also... Figure 20 , Figure 20 An antenna pattern of a first antenna element provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 20 Figure a in the text is as follows: Figure 14 The antenna pattern of the first antenna element 1401 in the antenna system shown is at the WIFI 2.45GHz frequency point. Figure 20 As shown in Figure a, the maximum gain of the first antenna element 1401 at the WIFI 2.45GHz frequency point is 3.9dBi. The radiation direction of the antenna system is the horizontal 360° direction when the antenna system is erected. Figure 20 Figure b in the diagram is as follows Figure 14 The antenna pattern of the first antenna element 1401 in the antenna system shown is at the 5.5GHz frequency of WIFI. Figure 20 As shown in Figure b, the maximum gain of the first antenna element 1401 at the 5.5GHz WIFI frequency is 4.2dBi. Simulation results show that the first antenna element 1401 of this application has relatively high gains at both the 2.45GHz and 5.5GHz WIFI frequencies, and the structure of the first antenna element 1401 meets the design requirements of a wireless router antenna.

[0112] Figure 21 This is a simulation diagram illustrating the relationship between frequency and VSWR of a second antenna element, provided as an embodiment of this application. The X-axis represents frequency, and the Y-axis represents VSWR. Through simulation and calculation, Figure 14 The antenna system shown includes a second antenna element 1402, namely, as Figure 9 The antenna element shown has a VSWR of around 1.7 or less in the 1700MHz to 2690MHz band of LTE. Figure 21 As shown in m1, m2, and m3, the frequencies are 1.709 GHz, 2.699 GHz, and 2.314 GHz, respectively, with VSWRs of 1.168, 1.1558, and 1.7487, respectively. The VSWRs are below 2.0, meeting the antenna design requirement of a VSWR below 2.0. Based on the working principle of the antenna half-wave dipole, fine-tuning is performed as follows... Figure 9 The dimension g (g = 14 mm) of the second element 602 in the antenna element shown can be changed accordingly, as shown in the figure. Figure 14 The second antenna element 1402 in the antenna system shown resonates at 2.616 GHz. Fine-tuning is as follows... Figure 9 The h (h = 62 mm) dimension of the first element 601 in the antenna element shown can be changed accordingly, as shown in the figure. Figure 14The antenna system shown has a second antenna element 1402 resonant frequency of 1.92 GHz, which can change the VSWR of the entire second antenna element 1402 in the 1700 MHz-2690 MHz frequency band.

[0113] See Figure 22 , Figure 22 An antenna pattern for a second antenna element provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 22 Figure a in the text is as follows: Figure 14 The antenna pattern of the second antenna element 1402 in the antenna system shown is at the 1.8 GHz frequency of LTE. Figure 22 As shown in Figure a, the maximum gain of the second antenna unit 1402 at the LTE 1.8GHz frequency point is 2.4dBi. Figure 22 Figure b in the diagram is as follows Figure 14 The antenna pattern of the second antenna element 1402 in the antenna system shown is at the LTE 2.0 GHz frequency. Figure 22 As shown in Figure b, the maximum gain of the second antenna unit 1402 at the LTE 2.0GHz frequency is 2.7dBi. Figure 22 Figure c in the diagram is as follows Figure 14 The antenna pattern of the second antenna element 1402 in the antenna system shown is at the LTE 2.3GHz frequency. Figure 22 As shown in Figure c, the maximum gain of the second antenna unit 1402 at the LTE 2.3GHz frequency is 3.6dBi. Figure 22 The d-graph in the figure is as follows Figure 14 The antenna pattern of the second antenna element 1402 in the antenna system shown is at the LTE 2.6GHz frequency. Figure 22 As shown in Figure d, the maximum gain of the second antenna element 1402 at the LTE 2.6GHz frequency point is 3.4dBi. Simulation results show that the second antenna element 1402 of this application has relatively large gains at the LTE 1.8GHz, 2.0GHz, 2.3GHz, and 2.6GHz frequency points, and the structure of the second antenna element 1402 meets the design requirements of a wireless router antenna.

[0114] Refer to Table 1, which is a table showing the operating frequency and corresponding antenna simulation gain of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of this application. The antenna system is as follows: Figure 14 The antenna system shown in Table 1 has a wide coverage band due to the second antenna element 1402; therefore, the antenna gain in Table 1 only represents the simulated gain at a single frequency within the band. As can be seen from Table 1, the antenna gain of the antenna system provided in this application is excellent.

[0115] Table 1

[0116]

[0117] Optionally, since the two antenna elements can be arranged on the same PCB board, but the space on the PCB board is limited, an isolation strip 1403 can be set between the two antenna elements to reduce mutual interference and ensure the isolation between the two antenna elements. The isolation strip 1403 provided in this embodiment has dimensions of 36×20mm. 2 See Figure 23 , Figure 23 An isolation strip with dimensions of 36×20mm is provided for an embodiment of this application. 2 A simulation diagram illustrating the relationship between time frequency and isolation, from... Figure 23 It can be seen that the isolation is less than -21dB between 1.7GHz and 2.7GHz, and less than -26dB between 5GHz and 6GHz. Since the antenna design requires an isolation of less than -20dB, this application sets the size of the isolation band 1403 to 36×20mm. 2 Meets the requirements.

[0118] The antenna system provided in this application comprises two antenna elements, capable of simultaneously transmitting and receiving Wi-Fi and cellular mobile communication signals. This not only provides the antenna with a wide operating bandwidth, high gain, and good antenna radiation direction, but also reduces manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the antenna production process requires virtually no debugging, facilitating antenna production. Optionally, the antenna element or antenna system provided in this application can be manufactured as an external antenna or an internal antenna; this application does not limit its application in this regard. See also Figure 24 , Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of an external antenna for a wireless router provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 24 Figure a shows an external schematic diagram of the external antenna of a wireless router. The outer casing of the external antenna of the wireless router can be made of a general plastic material, such as ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Plastic). Figure 24 Figure b in the diagram shows the internal structure of the external antenna of a wireless router.

[0119] This application provides an electronic device that may include the antenna unit or antenna system described above. Optionally, the electronic device may be a wireless router or other devices, and this application does not limit the scope of the application.

[0120] It should be noted that the dimensions provided in the embodiments of this application are only examples and can be adjusted according to specific needs, such as the material of the conductive material and the frequency to be compatible, and are not intended to limit this application.

[0121] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna unit, characterized by The antenna unit comprises: a first oscillator (601) and a second oscillator (602); a first gap (603) is arranged between the first oscillator (601) and the second oscillator (602), the first gap (603) is in the shape of a concave structure, and the first oscillator (601) is arranged outside the second oscillator (602) in the shape of a concave structure; the second oscillator (602) is a rectangle with a rectangular gap, the rectangular gap comprises a first gap and a second gap, the first gap is arranged at a first corner of the rectangle, and the first corner is a corner of the rectangle close to the inside of the antenna unit; the second gap is arranged at a second corner of the rectangle, and the second corner is diagonally opposite to the first corner; a first feeding point (6011) is arranged on the first oscillator (601), and a second feeding point (6021) is arranged on the second oscillator (602), the first feeding point (6011) is recessed in the rectangular structure of the first oscillator (601), the second feeding point (6021) is protruded from the rectangular structure of the second oscillator (602), and the first feeding point (6011) and the second feeding point (6021) are in a convex-concave opposite structure; the first oscillator (601) and the second oscillator (602) are used for receiving and transmitting signals of a first frequency band; the first gap (603) is used for receiving and transmitting signals of a second frequency band; wherein the antenna unit is in the form of a microstrip antenna or a flexible circuit board.

2. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein, the second oscillator (602) is a rectangle with a rectangular gap, and the rectangular gap is arranged along the edge of the rectangle; the rectangular gap comprises a first gap, and the first gap is arranged at a first corner of the rectangle, and the first corner is a corner of the rectangle close to the inside of the antenna unit; the rectangular gap further comprises a second gap, and the second gap is arranged at a second corner of the rectangle, and the second corner is diagonally opposite to the first corner.

3. The antenna unit according to claim 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y The first frequency band has a lower frequency than the second frequency band.

4. The antenna unit of claim 3, wherein, The first frequency band is a frequency band of wireless fidelity (WIFI) 2.4G, and the second frequency band is a frequency band of WIFI 5.8G. Alternatively, the first frequency band is a low-frequency frequency band of cellular mobile communication, and the second frequency band is a medium-high-frequency frequency band of cellular mobile communication.

5. An antenna system, characterized by The antenna unit comprises two antenna units as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, and the two antenna units comprise a first antenna unit (1401) and a second antenna unit (1402); an isolation band (1403) is arranged between the first antenna unit (1401) and the second antenna unit (1402).

6. The antenna system of claim 5, wherein, The distance between the first end of the first antenna unit (1401) and the first end of the second antenna unit (1402) is greater than the distance between the second end of the first antenna unit (1401) and the first end of the second antenna unit (1402), the first end of the first antenna unit (1401) being the end away from the isolation strip (1403), the second end of the first antenna unit (1401) being the end close to the isolation strip (1403), and the first end of the second antenna unit (1402) being the end close to the isolation strip (1403).

7. An electronic device, comprising: Comprising: An antenna unit as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4; Or, Comprising: an antenna system as claimed in any of claims 5 or 6.

8. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein, The electronic device is a wireless router.

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