A loading and unloading device and method for preventing downtime of upstream and downstream of a flow line

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of upstream and downstream downtime prevention of flow line loading and unloading equipment and method, equipment is used to be arranged on the material conveying line between upstream equipment and downstream equipment of flow line, full tray conveying mechanism, empty tray conveying mechanism on it respectively bear for placing material tray removal or removal material gripping range of gripper hand;The gripping range of gripper hand also covers a part of material conveying line, for gripping transfer material between full tray conveying mechanism, empty tray conveying mechanism and material conveying line;Tray transfer mechanism is used to transfer tray between full tray conveying mechanism and empty tray conveying mechanism;Method when downstream equipment downtime, gripper hand is transferred to empty tray on empty tray conveying mechanism in the material on material conveying line, when upstream equipment downtime, gripper hand is placed to material conveying line from full tray conveying mechanism on the tray in material. Avoid the influence of flow line upstream downtime on downstream normal work, and the influence of downstream downtime on upstream normal work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of loading and unloading equipment technology, and in particular to a loading and unloading equipment and method for preventing downtime on the upstream and downstream of an assembly line. Background Technology

[0002] When upstream equipment on the production line malfunctions (i.e., stops working due to an abnormality), downstream equipment, while still operating normally, typically has to stop to prevent it from wasting energy by continuing to supply materials from the upstream. Similarly, when downstream equipment malfunctions, upstream equipment, though still operating normally, has to stop to prevent material accumulation by continuing to process materials from the upstream. This results in the failure of individual pieces of equipment on the production line, affecting the operation of other equipment and leading to a decrease in the overall utilization rate and production efficiency of the production line. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a loading and unloading device and method to prevent downtime of upstream and downstream equipment on a production line, thereby overcoming the above-mentioned defects and avoiding the impact of upstream downtime on downstream normal operation, as well as the impact of downstream downtime on upstream normal operation.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A material handling device for preventing downtime on the upstream and downstream of an assembly line, used to be arranged on a material conveying line between upstream and downstream equipment on an assembly line, includes a full tray conveying mechanism, an empty tray conveying mechanism, a material handling robot, and a tray transfer mechanism.

[0006] The full-pan conveyor and the empty-pan conveyor are respectively suitable for carrying the material pans used for placing materials into or out of the gripping range of the picking robot;

[0007] The gripping range of the picking robot also covers part of the material conveyor line, and is used to pick up and transfer materials between the full tray conveyor, the empty tray conveyor and the material conveyor line;

[0008] The tray transfer mechanism is used to transfer trays between the full tray conveyor and the empty tray conveyor.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a standby conveying mechanism suitable for carrying the material trays into or out of the gripping range of the material handling robot, the material tray transfer mechanism being used to transfer the material trays between the full tray conveying mechanism, the empty tray conveying mechanism and the standby conveying mechanism.

[0010] A method for preventing downtime on the upstream and downstream sides of an assembly line, using a material handling device for preventing downtime on the upstream and downstream sides of an assembly line, the method includes the following steps:

[0011] S1. The full-pan conveyor moves multiple layers of material-filled pans to the gripping range of the picking robot for material retrieval, and the empty-pan conveyor moves multiple layers of empty pans to the gripping range of the picking robot for material release.

[0012] S2. When the upstream equipment fails, the material handling robot grabs the material from the full-loaded tray on the full-disc conveyor and places the material on the material conveyor line between the upstream and downstream equipment. When the downstream equipment fails, the material handling robot grabs the material on the material conveyor line between the upstream and downstream equipment and places it into the empty tray on the empty-disc conveyor.

[0013] S3. When the material in one tray of the full tray conveyor is exhausted, the tray is transferred to the empty tray conveyor via the tray transfer mechanism to wait for material to be released; when the material in one tray of the empty tray conveyor is full, the tray is transferred to the full tray conveyor via the tray transfer mechanism to wait for material to be released.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S3, when the number of multi-layered trays on the full-disc conveyor reaches the upper limit, the full-disc conveyor carrying the multi-layered trays is removed from the grasping range of the picking robot; when the number of multi-layered trays on the empty-disc conveyor reaches the upper limit, the empty-disc conveyor carrying the multi-layered trays is removed from the grasping range of the picking robot.

[0015] Furthermore, the trays conveyed to the gripping range of the picking robot via the full-tray conveyor mechanism are trays that exit the gripping range of the picking robot via the full-tray conveyor mechanism when the downstream equipment malfunctions.

[0016] Furthermore, the loading and unloading equipment for preventing upstream and downstream shutdowns on the production line also includes a backup conveying mechanism suitable for carrying the material trays for placing materials into or out of the gripping range of the picking robot. In step S3, before the material in the last layer of trays on the full tray conveying mechanism is exhausted, the backup conveying mechanism moves multiple layers of trays filled with material to the gripping range of the picking robot to await material retrieval. When the material in the last layer of trays on the full tray conveying mechanism is exhausted, the picking robot grabs the material in the trays on the backup conveying mechanism. Before the last layer of trays on the empty tray conveying mechanism is filled with material, the backup conveying mechanism moves multiple layers of empty trays to the gripping range of the picking robot to await material release. When the last layer of trays on the empty tray conveying mechanism is filled with material, the picking robot grabs the material on the material conveying line and places it into the trays on the backup conveying mechanism.

[0017] Furthermore, the tray transfer mechanism transfers trays between the full tray conveying mechanism, the empty tray conveying mechanism, and the standby conveying mechanism. In step S3, when the standby conveying mechanism carries a tray full of material, and the material in one layer of trays on the standby conveying mechanism is exhausted, the tray is transferred to the empty tray conveying mechanism by the tray transfer mechanism to wait for material to be released. When the standby conveying mechanism carries an empty tray, and the material in one layer of trays on the standby conveying mechanism is filled with material, the tray is transferred to the full tray conveying mechanism by the tray transfer mechanism to wait for material to be released.

[0018] After adopting the above solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: When the downstream equipment fails, the material handling robot grabs the material processed by the upstream equipment flowing down the material conveyor line and places it into an empty tray on the empty tray conveyor mechanism. When the first layer of empty trays is full, the tray is transferred to the full tray conveyor mechanism through the tray transfer mechanism for use when the upstream equipment fails. When the upstream equipment fails, the material handling robot grabs the material in the tray on the full tray conveyor mechanism and puts it on the material conveyor line for supply to the downstream equipment for processing. When the material in the first layer of trays is exhausted, the tray is transferred to the empty tray conveyor mechanism through the tray transfer mechanism for use when the downstream equipment fails. This can avoid the downstream equipment from failing and the upstream equipment from failing, and vice versa. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention arranged in an assembly line;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the horizontal sliding component of the present invention supporting a material tray;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lifting assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the disc assembly and the clapper cylinder of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the material tray transfer mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Labeling Explanation: 1-Upstream Equipment, 2-Downstream Equipment, 3-Material Conveying Line, 4-Frame, 5-First Tray Picking / Placing Station, 6-Second Tray Picking / Placing Station, 7-Full Tray Conveying Mechanism, 8-Empty Tray Conveying Mechanism, 9-Material Picking Robot, 10-Tray, 11-Third Tray Picking / Placing Station, 12-Spare Conveying Mechanism, 13-Tray Transfer Mechanism, 14-Vacuum Adsorption Mechanism, 15-Transfer Slide, 16-Suction Cup, 17-Suction Cup Lifting Drive Mechanism, 18-Horizontal Sliding Assembly, 19-Lifting Assembly, 20-First Tray Carrier, 21-First Linear Drive Mechanism, 22-Second Tray Carrier, 23-Lifting Drive Mechanism, 24-Avoidance Port, 25-Tray Dividing Assembly, 26-Insertion Plate, 27-Insertion Plate Drive Mechanism, 28-Pounding Cylinder, 29-Horizontal Plate. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] This invention provides a material handling device to prevent upstream and downstream shutdowns on a production line, such as... Figure 1-6 As shown, a material conveying line 3 is arranged between upstream equipment 1 and downstream equipment 2 of a production line. The production line can be any existing type, and the structures of upstream equipment 1 and downstream equipment 2 are determined according to the actual production line. The material conveying line 3 can be a conveyor belt, conveyor rollers, or other devices capable of continuously conveying materials; no specific limitation is specified. The loading and unloading equipment for preventing downtime on the production line includes a frame 4. The frame 4 is equipped with a first tray pick-and-place station 5, a second tray pick-and-place station 6, and a third tray pick-and-place station 11. The frame 4 is also equipped with a full tray conveying mechanism 7, an empty tray conveying mechanism 8, a spare conveying mechanism 12, and a picking robot 9. The structure of the full tray conveying mechanism 7 is not specifically limited; it only needs to be suitable for carrying a tray 10 for placing materials and moving it between the first tray pick-and-place station 5 and the grasping range of the picking robot 9. The empty tray conveying mechanism... The structure of 8 is not specifically limited, as long as it is suitable for carrying the material tray 10 for placing materials to move between the second material tray pick-and-place station 6 and the gripping range of the picking robot 9; the structure of the backup conveying mechanism 12 is not specifically limited, as long as it is suitable for carrying the material tray 10 for placing materials to move between the third material tray pick-and-place station 11 and the gripping range of the picking robot 9; the picking robot 9 can be any existing industrial robot that can be used to grab or pick up and transfer materials, and the gripping range of the picking robot 9 also covers a part of the material conveying line 3 to grab and transfer materials between the full tray conveying mechanism 7, the empty tray conveying mechanism 8, the backup conveying mechanism 12 and the material conveying line 3. Alternatively, the third material tray pick-and-place station 11 and the backup conveying mechanism 12 can be omitted, but the solution of setting the third material tray pick-and-place station 11 and the backup conveying mechanism 12 is only a preferred solution;

[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment, the full-tray conveying mechanism 7, the empty-tray conveying mechanism 8, and the spare conveying mechanism 12 are arranged side by side and have the same structure, each including a horizontal sliding assembly 18 and a lifting assembly 19; the horizontal sliding assembly 18 includes a first tray carrier 20 and a first linear drive mechanism 21. The top surface of the first tray carrier 20 is used to stack trays 10, and it is mounted on the frame 4 via the first linear drive mechanism 21. The first linear drive mechanism 21 is a linear motor, but it can also be other linear drive mechanisms. The first linear drive mechanism 21 drives the first tray carrier 20 to slide horizontally. The sliding path of the first tray carrier 20 of the full tray conveying mechanism 7 begins at the first tray pick-up / placement station 5 and ends at the lifting component 19 of the full tray conveying mechanism 7. The sliding path of the first tray carrier 20 of the empty tray conveying structure 8 begins at the second tray pick-up / placement station 6 and ends at the lifting component 19 of the empty tray conveying mechanism 8. The sliding path of the first tray carrier 20 of the standby conveying mechanism 12 begins at the third tray pick-up / placement station 11 and ends at the standby conveying mechanism 12. At the lifting assembly 19; the lifting assembly 19 includes a second tray carrier 22 and a lifting drive mechanism 23. The top surface of the second tray carrier 22 is used to stack trays 10, and it is mounted on the frame 4 via the lifting drive mechanism 23. The lifting drive mechanism 23 drives the second tray carrier 22 to rise and fall. The sliding path end of the first tray carrier 20 is located on the lifting path of the second tray carrier 22. The second tray carrier 22 forms a clearance opening 24 to avoid the first tray carrier 20. Specifically, the first tray carrier 20... The tray carrier 20 has two spaced horizontal plates 29, and the second tray carrier 22 has three spaced horizontal plates 29. The interval between the three horizontal plates 29 of the second tray carrier 22 is the clearance opening 24, which allows the two horizontal plates 29 of the first tray carrier 20 to be inserted. Then, the first tray carrier 20 carries a stack of trays 10 and moves it above the second tray carrier 22. Then, the second tray carrier 22 rises up, and the stack of trays 10 can be transferred to the second tray carrier 22. Then, the trays 10 are raised to the gripping height of the picking robot 9.

[0029] The frame 4 is equipped with a tray transfer mechanism 13 for transferring trays 10 between the full tray conveying mechanism 7, the empty tray conveying mechanism 8, and the standby conveying mechanism 12. The tray transfer mechanism 13 can be an industrial robot capable of gripping and transferring trays 10. Specifically, in this embodiment, the tray transfer mechanism 13 includes three vacuum suction mechanisms 14 and a transfer slide 15. The three vacuum suction mechanisms 14 are respectively positioned above the lifting drive mechanisms 23 of the full tray conveying mechanism 7, the empty tray conveying mechanism 8, and the standby conveying mechanism 12. Each of the three vacuum suction mechanisms 14 includes a suction cup 16 and a suction cup lifting drive mechanism 17. Specifically, in this embodiment, the suction cup lifting drive mechanism 17 is a vertically arranged cylinder. The suction cup lifting drive mechanism 17 connects to and drives the suction cup 16 to lift and lower, so that the suction cup 16 adsorbs a stack of trays 10 carried by the lifting drive mechanisms 23 on the full tray conveying mechanism 7, the empty tray conveying mechanism 8, and the standby conveying mechanism 12. The topmost of the three vacuum suction mechanisms 14 has a top surface adapted to carry the material tray 10. The transfer slide 15 is slidably disposed on the bottom side of the three vacuum suction mechanisms 14, so that it can slide under any of the vacuum suction mechanisms 14. By placing the material tray 10 adsorbed by the suction cup 16 on the slide 15, and then moving with the slide 15 to be lifted under another suction cup 16, it can be lowered and transferred to another lifting drive mechanism 23. When the material in the topmost material tray 10 on the second material tray carrier 22 of the full tray conveying mechanism 7 is exhausted, the material tray 10 can be lifted and transferred to the second material tray carrier 22 of the empty tray conveying mechanism 8 for use when the downstream machine stops. Then, the second material tray carrier 22 of the full tray conveying mechanism 7 is raised to the height of one material tray 10, and the material picking robot 9 can continue to grab the material on it. The same applies to the material trays 10 on the second material tray carrier 22 of the empty tray conveying mechanism 8 and the spare conveying mechanism 12, which will not be described in detail.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the assembly further includes a tray-separating component 25, which includes two symmetrically arranged inserts 26 and an insert driving mechanism 27. The second tray carrier 22 carries the stacked trays 10 and lifts and lowers between the two inserts 26. The insert driving mechanism 27 connects to and drives the two inserts 26 to move closer or further away, so that when they move closer, the two inserts 26 are inserted between two adjacent trays 10 on the second tray carrier 22, so that the uppermost tray 10 is separated from the lower tray 10.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, two symmetrically arranged tack cylinders 28 are also included. The second material tray carrier 22 carries the stacked material trays 10 and lifts and lowers between the two tack cylinders 28. The two tack cylinders 28 move closer or further away, so that when they are close, they abut against the opposite sides of the material trays 10 on the second material tray carrier 22, so that the stacked material trays 10 on the second material tray carrier 22 are aligned, which makes it easier for the material handling robot 9 to accurately grab the material on the material trays 10 or accurately place the material on the material trays 10.

[0032] A method for preventing downtime on the upstream and downstream sides of an assembly line, using the aforementioned loading and unloading equipment for preventing downtime on the upstream and downstream sides of an assembly line, includes the following steps:

[0033] S1. The full-pan conveyor 7 moves the multi-layer material-filled pan 10 to the gripping range of the picking robot 9 to wait for material to be picked up, and the empty-pan conveyor 8 moves the multi-layer empty material pan 10 to the gripping range of the picking robot 9 to wait for material to be unloaded.

[0034] S2. When the upstream equipment 1 fails, the picking robot 9 picks up the material from the full-loaded tray 10 on the full-load conveyor 7 and places the material on the material conveyor line 3 between the upstream equipment 1 and the downstream equipment 2, so that the downstream equipment 2 can continue to supply material and continue to work. When the downstream equipment 2 fails, the picking robot 9 picks up the material on the material conveyor line 3 between the upstream equipment 1 and the downstream equipment 2 and places it into the empty tray 10 on the empty tray conveyor 8, so as to temporarily store the material processed by the upstream equipment 1, avoid material accumulation, and enable the upstream equipment 1 to continue to work. The temporarily stored material can be supplied to the downstream equipment 2 for processing when the upstream equipment 1 fails. That is, the tray 10 conveyed to the picking robot 9 through the full-load conveyor 7 is the tray 10 that exits the picking robot 9's grasping range through the full-load conveyor 7 when the downstream equipment 2 fails.

[0035] S3. In the event of an upstream equipment 1 failure, when the material in the first layer of tray 10 on the full tray conveyor 7 is exhausted, the tray 10 is transferred to the empty tray conveyor 8 via the tray transfer mechanism 13 to await material release. In the event of a downstream equipment 2 failure, when the first layer of tray 10 on the empty tray conveyor 8 is full of material, the tray 10 is transferred to the full tray conveyor 7 via the tray transfer mechanism 13 to await material release. This eliminates the need for frequent transfers of the tray 10 in and out, allowing the tray 10 to be automatically transferred and stored within the equipment. When the full tray conveyor... When the number of layers of the multi-layer tray 10 on mechanism 7 reaches the upper limit, the full tray conveying mechanism 7 carries the multi-layer tray 10 out of the grasping range of the picking robot 9 to the first tray picking and placing station 5. At this time, the tray 10 filled with material can be taken out from the full tray conveying mechanism 7 for use when the upstream machine fails. When the number of layers of the multi-layer tray 10 on the empty tray conveying mechanism 8 reaches the upper limit, the empty tray conveying mechanism 8 carries the multi-layer tray 10 out of the grasping range of the picking robot 9 to the second tray picking and placing station 6. At this time, the empty tray 10 can be taken out.

[0036] In step S3 of this method, if the upstream equipment 1 fails, before the material in the last layer of trays 10 on the full-disc conveyor mechanism 7 is completely removed, the backup conveyor mechanism 12 transfers multiple layers of trays 10 filled with material to the grasping range of the picking robot 9 to await material removal. The trays 10 conveyed to the grasping range of the picking robot 9 via the backup conveyor mechanism 12 are preferably those that were removed from the grasping range of the picking robot 9 via the full-disc conveyor mechanism 7 when the downstream equipment 2 fails. When the material in the last layer of trays 10 on the full-disc conveyor mechanism 7 is completely removed, the picking robot 9 grasps the material in the trays on the backup conveyor mechanism 12, thereby avoiding further material removal via the full-disc conveyor mechanism 7. During the feeding of the material tray 10 filled with materials, the material-grabbing robot 9 has no material to pick up, thus improving the working efficiency of the equipment. In the event of a shutdown of the downstream equipment 2, before the last layer of material tray 10 on the empty tray conveying mechanism 8 is filled with materials, the backup conveying mechanism 12 moves the other layers of empty material trays 10 to the gripping range of the material-grabbing robot 9 to wait for material to be released. When the last layer of material tray 10 on the empty tray conveying mechanism 8 is filled with materials, the material-grabbing robot 9 picks up the materials on the material conveying line 3 and puts them into the material tray 10 on the backup conveying mechanism 12. This avoids the situation where the material-grabbing robot 9 has nowhere to put the materials it has picked up during the process of feeding the empty tray 10 again through the empty tray conveying mechanism 8, thus improving the working efficiency of the equipment.

[0037] The material tray transfer mechanism 13 transfers material trays 10 between the full tray conveying mechanism 7, the empty tray conveying mechanism 8, and the standby conveying mechanism 12. In step S3, when the standby conveying mechanism 12 is carrying a full material tray 10 (i.e., the upstream equipment 1 is down), when the material in the first layer of material trays 10 on the standby conveying mechanism 12 is exhausted, the material tray 10 is transferred to the empty tray conveying mechanism 8 by the material tray transfer mechanism 13 to wait for material to be released. When the standby conveying mechanism 12 is carrying an empty material tray 10 (i.e., the downstream equipment 2 is down), when the first layer of material trays 10 on the standby conveying mechanism 12 is full of material, the material tray 10 is transferred to the full tray conveying mechanism 7 by the material tray transfer mechanism 13 to wait for material to be released.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the design of this case. All equivalent changes made based on the key design features of this case shall fall within the protection scope of this case.

Claims

1. A method for loading and unloading materials to prevent downtime on the upstream and downstream of an assembly line, characterized in that, A material handling device for preventing downtime on the upstream and downstream of a production line is applied, which is arranged on a material conveying line (3) between upstream equipment (1) and downstream equipment (2) of the production line. The device includes a full-tray conveying mechanism (7), an empty-tray conveying mechanism (8), a picking robot (9), and a tray transfer mechanism (13). The full-tray conveying mechanism (7) and the empty-tray conveying mechanism (8) are adapted to carry trays (10) for placing materials into or out of the gripping range of the picking robot (9). The gripping range of the picking robot (9) also covers a portion of the material conveying line (3) for picking and transferring materials between the full-tray conveying mechanism (7), the empty-tray conveying mechanism (8), and the material conveying line (3). The tray transfer mechanism (13) is used to transfer trays (10) between the full-tray conveying mechanism (7) and the empty-tray conveying mechanism (8). The method includes the following steps: S1. The full-pan conveyor (7) moves the multi-layer full-material pan (10) to the gripping range of the picking robot (9) to wait for material to be picked up, and the empty-pan conveyor (8) moves the multi-layer empty pan (10) to the gripping range of the picking robot (9) to wait for material to be released. S2. When the upstream equipment (1) fails, the material picking robot (9) picks up the material from the full tray (10) on the full tray conveyor (7) and places the material on the material conveying line (3) between the upstream equipment (1) and the downstream equipment (2); when the downstream equipment (2) fails, the material picking robot (9) picks up the material on the material conveying line (3) between the upstream equipment (1) and the downstream equipment (2) and places it into the empty tray (10) on the empty tray conveyor (8). S3. When the material in the first layer of the tray (10) on the full tray conveyor (7) is exhausted, the tray (10) is transferred to the empty tray conveyor (8) by the tray transfer mechanism (13) to wait for material to be released; when the first layer of the tray (10) on the empty tray conveyor (8) is full of material, the tray (10) is transferred to the full tray conveyor (7) by the tray transfer mechanism (13) to wait for material to be released.

2. The loading and unloading method for preventing upstream and downstream shutdowns on a production line as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, when the number of layers of multi-layer trays (10) on the full tray conveyor (7) reaches the upper limit, the full tray conveyor (7) carrying the multi-layer trays (10) is removed from the grasping range of the picking robot (9); when the number of layers of multi-layer trays (10) on the empty tray conveyor (8) reaches the upper limit, the empty tray conveyor (8) carrying the multi-layer trays (10) is removed from the grasping range of the picking robot (9).

3. The loading and unloading method for preventing upstream and downstream shutdowns on a production line as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The tray (10) conveyed by the full tray conveyor (7) to the gripping range of the picking robot (9) is the tray (10) that exits the gripping range of the picking robot (9) through the full tray conveyor (7) when the downstream equipment (2) malfunctions.

4. The loading and unloading method for preventing upstream and downstream shutdowns on an assembly line as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned material handling equipment for preventing upstream and downstream shutdowns on a production line also includes a backup conveying mechanism (12) suitable for carrying material trays (10) for placing materials into or out of the gripping range of a material handling robot (9). In step S3, before the material in the last layer of material trays (10) on the full-tray conveyor (7) is completely removed, the backup conveying mechanism (12) moves multiple layers of material-filled trays (10) to the gripping range of the material handling robot (9) to await material removal. When the material is exhausted, the picking robot (9) grabs the material in the tray on the standby conveying mechanism (12); before the last tray (10) on the empty tray conveying mechanism (8) is filled with material, the other multiple empty trays (10) are transferred to the picking robot (9) for waiting to be released through the standby conveying mechanism (12); when the last tray (10) on the empty tray conveying mechanism (8) is filled with material, the picking robot (9) grabs the material on the material conveying line (3) and puts it into the tray (10) on the standby conveying mechanism (12).

5. The loading and unloading method for preventing upstream and downstream shutdowns on a production line as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The material tray transfer mechanism (13) transfers the material tray (10) between the full tray conveying mechanism (7), the empty tray conveying mechanism (8), and the standby conveying mechanism (12). In step S3, when the standby conveying mechanism (12) is carrying a material tray (10) filled with material, when the material in one layer of material trays (10) on the standby conveying mechanism (12) is taken out, the material tray (10) is transferred to the empty tray conveying mechanism (8) by the material tray transfer mechanism (13) to wait for material to be released. When the standby conveying mechanism (12) is carrying an empty material tray (10), when the material in one layer of material trays (10) on the standby conveying mechanism (12) is filled with material, the material tray (10) is transferred to the full tray conveying mechanism (7) by the material tray transfer mechanism (13) to wait for material to be taken out.

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