A plant nutrient absorption accelerator, preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention relates to a plant nutrient absorption promoter, a preparation method and an application thereof. The plant nutrient absorption promoter comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of polyglutamic acid; Mg 2+ 1‑15 parts; Zn 2+ 1-15 parts; 20-30 parts of bacterial polysaccharide; 10-15 parts of thiamine hydrochloride; 100 parts of water; pH 7.0-7.5. The bacterial polysaccharide adopts bacterial extracellular polysaccharide, and the bacterial extracellular polysaccharide is extracted from colloid bacillus. The present invention can chelate metal elements, reduce their loss, promote the absorption and utilization of magnesium, zinc and nitrogen by plants, and promote the growth and development of plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a plant nutrient absorption accelerator, in particular to a plant nutrient absorption accelerator, a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In agricultural production, in order to promote plant growth, a large amount of chemical fertilizers are generally required to be applied, such as nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, etc.; however, due to the limited absorption capacity of plants, most of the nutrients in the excessive fertilizers applied will be lost with water, which will not only directly lead to surface water and groundwater pollution, but also easily lead to problems such as soil compaction. To solve this problem, coated slow-release fertilizers came into being. However, the coated film layer is often composed of difficult-to-degrade macromolecular materials such as resins, which can easily cause soil pollution. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop an environmentally friendly, healthy, and plant growth-promoting plant nutrient absorption promoter to solve a series of problems caused by the application of excessive chemical fertilizers in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a plant nutrient absorption promoter, a preparation method and an application thereof, which can chelate metal elements and reduce their loss, promote the absorption and utilization of magnesium, zinc and nitrogen by plants, and promote the growth and development of plants.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A plant nutrient absorption accelerator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0006] 30-50 parts of polyglutamic acid;

[0007] Mg 2+ 1-15 servings;

[0008] Zn 2+ 1-15 servings;

[0009] 20-30 parts of bacterial polysaccharide;

[0010] Thiamine hydrochloride 10-15 parts;

[0011] 100 parts water;

[0012] pH7.0-7.5.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the bacterial polysaccharide is bacterial exopolysaccharide, and the bacterial exopolysaccharide is extracted from Bacillus subtilis.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the molecular weight of the polyglutamic acid is 50,000-85,000.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the Mg 2+ Added in the form of one or both of magnesium sulfate and magnesium phosphate;

[0016] The Zn 2+ Added in the form of zinc chloride, zinc sulfate or both.

[0017] As a further technical solution, it also includes N element, which is added in the form of one or more of ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, monoammonium sulfate and urea.

[0018] A method for preparing a plant nutrient absorption accelerator comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step 1, add polyglutamic acid to part of the water, stir to dissolve, add magnesium sulfate and zinc chloride, stir at 70-80 degrees Celsius for 1-3 hours, and prepare solution A;

[0020] Step 2, add bacterial polysaccharide to the remaining water, stir to dissolve, add thiamine hydrochloride, continue stirring for 30 minutes, and prepare solution B;

[0021] Step 3: After mixing solution A and solution B, stir and react at 40-50 degrees Celsius for 10-20 minutes, and adjust the pH value to 7.0-7.5 to obtain the plant nutrient absorption promoter.

[0022] An application of the plant nutrient absorption promoter in promoting crop growth.

[0023] An application of the plant nutrient absorption promoter in promoting the absorption and conversion of nitrogen by crops.

[0024] An application of the plant nutrient absorption accelerator in a fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer contains the plant nutrient absorption accelerator at a mass concentration of 1.2-1.8%.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention utilizes polyglutamic acid to chelate zinc ions and magnesium ions to form a high molecular polymer, which, on the one hand, changes the size of the molecule so that the zinc ions and magnesium ions can be retained in the soil, reducing the surface water and groundwater pollution problem caused by the loss of zinc ions and magnesium ions with water; on the other hand, when the zinc ions and magnesium ions are chelated by polyglutamic acid, the concentration of zinc ions and magnesium ions around the plant root system is changed, thereby promoting the diffusion of zinc ions and magnesium ions from the periphery of the root system to the vicinity of the root system.

[0027] 2. The bacterial polysaccharide of the present invention can absorb nitrogen, zinc and magnesium ions in the soil, promote the transport of nitrogen from the periphery of the root system to the vicinity of the root system, and can also promote the absorption of nitrogen, zinc and magnesium ions by plants, thereby increasing the absorption rate of nutrients by plants.

[0028] 3. The ammonium hydrochloride sulfate of the present invention can promote the conversion of nitrogen during plant growth, and convert the chemical nitrogen absorbed into the plant body into biological protein.

[0029] In summary, the polyglutamic acid, zinc ions, magnesium ions, bacterial polysaccharides and ammonium hydrochloride sulfate in the formula of the product of the present invention (polypeptide companion), each component interacts with each other, and is used in combination with fertilizers to improve fertilizer efficiency and reduce the amount of fertilizer applied. The raw materials used in the present invention are safe, environmentally friendly, pollution-free, residue-free, and fully degradable, and will not cause secondary pollution of the soil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In the present invention, polyglutamic acid (content greater than 98%, relative molecular weight 700000) was purchased from Shaanxi Guanchen Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0031] The bacterial polysaccharide is bacterial extracellular polysaccharide, and the bacteria is jelly-like Bacillus.

[0032] The method for preparing the jelly-like Bacillus exopolysaccharide used comprises the following steps:

[0033] Step 1), adjusting the pH of the jelly-like Bacillus fermentation broth to 5.2 with hydrochloric acid, adding chitosan thereto, stirring at room temperature for 20 minutes, standing for 15 minutes, and centrifuging at 4000 rpm to remove the bacteria and insoluble matter;

[0034] Step 2), after removing the bacteria, the fermentation broth was adjusted to pH 8.0 with NaOH solution, allowed to stand for 20 min, centrifuged at 5000 rpa, 100 U / mL alkaline protease was added to the supernatant, kept at 40 ° C for 3 h, inactivated at 95 ° C for 3 min, and centrifuged at 8000 rpm to remove protein and residual chitosan flocs to obtain a supernatant.

[0035] Step 3), concentrating the supernatant obtained in step 2) to 40% of the original volume to obtain a concentrated solution;

[0036] Step 4), adjust the pH of the concentrate to 7.5, add 95% ethanol, refrigerate at 4°C for 3 hours, centrifuge at 10000 rpm for 10 minutes at 4°C, remove the supernatant, and the precipitate is bacterial extracellular polysaccharide.

[0037] In order to better explain the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A plant nutrient absorption accelerator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0040]

[0041] pH 7.2.

[0042] Wherein, the bacterial polysaccharide is a jelly-like Bacillus exopolysaccharide;

[0043] The preparation method of the extracellular polysaccharide of the jelly-like Bacillus comprises the following steps: step 1), adjusting the pH of the fermentation liquid of the jelly-like Bacillus to 5.2 with hydrochloric acid, adding chitosan thereto, stirring at room temperature for 20 minutes, standing for 15 minutes, and centrifuging at 4000 rpm to remove the bacteria and insoluble matter;

[0044] Step 2), after removing the bacteria, the fermentation broth was adjusted to pH 8.0 with NaOH solution, allowed to stand for 20 min, centrifuged at 5000 rpa, 100 U / mL alkaline protease was added to the supernatant, kept at 40 ° C for 3 h, inactivated at 95 ° C for 3 min, and centrifuged at 8000 rpm to remove protein and residual chitosan flocs to obtain a supernatant.

[0045] Step 3), concentrating the supernatant obtained in step 2) to 40% of the original volume to obtain a concentrated solution;

[0046] Step 4), adjust the pH of the concentrate to 7.5, add 95% ethanol, refrigerate at 4°C for 3 hours, centrifuge at 10000 rpm for 10 minutes at 4°C, remove the supernatant, and the precipitate is bacterial extracellular polysaccharide.

[0047] The preparation method of the plant nutrient absorption promoter comprises the following steps:

[0048] Step 1, add polyglutamic acid to part of the water (1 / 2 of the total water amount), stir to dissolve, add magnesium sulfate and zinc chloride, stir at 75 degrees Celsius for 2 hours, and prepare solution A;

[0049] Step 2, add bacterial polysaccharide to the remaining water, stir to dissolve, add thiamine hydrochloride, continue stirring for 30 minutes, and prepare solution B;

[0050] Step 3: After mixing solution A and solution B, stir and react at 45 degrees Celsius for 15 minutes, and adjust the pH value to 7.2 to obtain the plant nutrient absorption promoter.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] A plant nutrient absorption accelerator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0053]

[0054] pH 7.3.

[0055] Wherein, the bacterial polysaccharide is a jelly-like Bacillus exopolysaccharide;

[0056] The preparation method of the jelly-like Bacillus exopolysaccharide is the same as that in Example 1;

[0057] The preparation method of the plant nutrient absorption promoter is the same as that of Example 1.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] A plant nutrient absorption accelerator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0060]

[0061] pH 7.5.

[0062] Wherein, the bacterial polysaccharide is a jelly-like Bacillus exopolysaccharide;

[0063] The preparation method of the jelly-like Bacillus exopolysaccharide is the same as that in Example 1;

[0064] The preparation method of the plant nutrient absorption promoter is the same as that of Example 1.

[0065] Comparative Example 1

[0066] A plant nutrient absorption accelerator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0067]

[0068] pH 7.5.

[0069] Wherein, the bacterial polysaccharide is a jelly-like Bacillus exopolysaccharide;

[0070] The preparation method of the jelly-like Bacillus exopolysaccharide is the same as that in Example 1;

[0071] The preparation method of the plant nutrient absorption promoter comprises the following steps:

[0072] Step 1, add glutamic acid to part of the water (1 / 2 of the total water volume), stir to dissolve, add magnesium sulfate and zinc chloride, stir at 75 degrees Celsius for 2 hours, and prepare solution A;

[0073] Step 2, add bacterial polysaccharide to the remaining water, stir to dissolve, add thiamine hydrochloride, continue stirring for 30 minutes, and prepare solution B;

[0074] Step 3: After mixing solution A and solution B, stir and react at 45 degrees Celsius for 15 minutes, and adjust the pH value to 7.2 to obtain the plant nutrient absorption promoter.

[0075] Comparative Example 2

[0076] The same as Example 1, except that the jelly-like Bacillus exopolysaccharide of Example 1 is replaced by Bacillus subtilis exopolysaccharide;

[0077] The preparation method of Bacillus subtilis exopolysaccharide comprises the following steps: step 1), adjusting the pH of Bacillus subtilis exopolysaccharide fermentation liquid to 5.2 with hydrochloric acid, adding chitosan thereto, stirring at room temperature for 20 minutes, standing for 15 minutes, and centrifuging at 4000 rpm to remove bacteria and insoluble matter;

[0078] Step 2), after removing the bacteria, the fermentation broth was adjusted to pH 8.0 with NaOH solution, allowed to stand for 20 min, centrifuged at 5000 rpa, 100 U / mL alkaline protease was added to the supernatant, kept at 40 ° C for 3 h, inactivated at 95 ° C for 3 min, and centrifuged at 8000 rpm to remove protein and residual chitosan flocs to obtain a supernatant.

[0079] Step 3), concentrating the supernatant obtained in step 2) to 40% of the original volume to obtain a concentrated solution;

[0080] Step 4), adjust the pH of the concentrate to 7.5, add 95% ethanol, refrigerate at 4°C for 3 hours, centrifuge at 10000 rpm for 10 minutes at 4°C, remove the supernatant, and the precipitate is bacterial extracellular polysaccharide.

[0081] Comparative Example 3

[0082] A plant nutrient absorption accelerator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0083]

[0084] pH 7.5.

[0085] Wherein, the bacterial polysaccharide is a jelly-like Bacillus exopolysaccharide;

[0086] The preparation method of the jelly-like Bacillus exopolysaccharide is the same as that in Example 1;

[0087] The preparation method of the plant nutrient absorption promoter comprises the following steps:

[0088] Step 1, add polyglutamic acid to part of the water (1 / 2 of the total water amount), stir to dissolve, add magnesium sulfate and zinc chloride, stir at 75 degrees Celsius for 2 hours, and prepare solution A;

[0089] Step 2, adding bacterial polysaccharide to the remaining water, stirring to dissolve, and continuing stirring for 30 minutes to obtain solution B;

[0090] Step 3: After mixing solution A and solution B, stir and react at 45 degrees Celsius for 15 minutes, and adjust the pH value to 7.2 to obtain the plant nutrient absorption promoter.

[0091] Comparative Example 4

[0092] A plant nutrient absorption accelerator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0093] 12 parts of magnesium sulfate;

[0094] Zinc chloride 12 parts;

[0095] 100 parts water;

[0096] pH 7.5.

[0097] The preparation method of the plant nutrient absorption promoter comprises the following steps:

[0098] Magnesium sulfate and zinc chloride are added into water, stirred at 75 degrees Celsius for 2 hours, cooled, and the pH is adjusted to 7.2 to obtain the plant nutrient absorption accelerator.

[0099] Effect Example 1: Field Trial on Corn

[0100] The plant nutrient absorption promoter solution prepared in each embodiment and each comparative example was diluted 1200 times with water and then applied;

[0101] A 3-mu plot with consistent soil fertility was selected as the test field, which was divided into 6 parts for planting corn. The corn varieties and management methods (including conventional fertilization, pest control, watering, etc.) planted in the 6 test plots were consistent;

[0102] Grouping:

[0103] Experimental group: The plant nutrient absorption promoter prepared in Example 1 was applied by irrigation at the small trumpet mouth stage and the large trumpet mouth stage respectively; the application dosage was 1000 g stock solution / mu;

[0104] A control group: the plant nutrient absorption promoter prepared in Comparative Example 1 was applied by irrigation at the small trumpet mouth stage and the large trumpet mouth stage respectively; the application dosage was 1000g stock solution / mu;

[0105] Control group 2: The plant nutrient absorption promoter prepared in comparative example 2 was applied by irrigation at the small trumpet mouth stage and the large trumpet mouth stage respectively; the application dosage was 1000g stock solution / mu;

[0106] The three control groups were respectively irrigated with the plant nutrient absorption promoter prepared in Comparative Example 3 at the small trumpet mouth stage and the large trumpet mouth stage; the application dosage was 1000 g of the original solution / mu;

[0107] Four control groups: the plant nutrient absorption promoter prepared in Comparative Example 3 was applied by irrigation at the small trumpet mouth stage and the large trumpet mouth stage respectively; the application dosage was 1000g stock solution / mu;

[0108] Blank control group: In the small trumpet stage and the large trumpet stage, the same amount of water was used to replace the plant nutrient absorber by irrigation;

[0109] Test results: Observe the growth and yield of corn. The results are shown in Table 1;

[0110]

[0111]

[0112] Effect example 2: Potted rapeseed experiment

[0113] Add ammonium sulfate to the plant nutrient absorption promoter of each embodiment and each comparative example until the concentration of ammonium sulfate is 5 g / 100 mL, dilute with water 1200 times, and obtain a dilution for standby use;

[0114] Then, several test pots were prepared in the greenhouse, soil with fertilizer was mixed evenly and then placed in each pot for planting rapeseed, and the test pots were evenly divided into 6 groups, each with 30 pots, for testing;

[0115] Each group was managed in the same way;

[0116] Test group: The plant nutrient absorption accelerator (with ammonium sulfate added) prepared in Example 1 was applied by irrigation at 10 days and 35 days of growth respectively; the application dosage was 30 mL of the diluted solution / pot;

[0117] A control group: the plant nutrient absorption promoter (with ammonium sulfate added) prepared in Comparative Example 1 was applied by irrigation at 10 days and 35 days of growth respectively; the application dosage was 30 mL of the diluted solution / pot;

[0118] Control group 2: The plant nutrient absorption promoter (with ammonium sulfate) prepared in comparative example 2 was applied by irrigation at 10 days and 35 days of growth, respectively; the application dosage was 30 mL of the diluted solution / pot;

[0119] The third control group: the plant nutrient absorption promoter (with ammonium sulfate) prepared in Comparative Example 3 was applied by irrigation at 10 days and 35 days of growth; the application dosage was 30 mL of dilution / pot;

[0120] Four control groups: the plant nutrient absorption promoter (with ammonium sulfate) prepared in Comparative Example 3 was applied by irrigation at 10 days and 35 days of growth; the application dosage was 30 mL of dilution / pot;

[0121] Blank control group: At 10 days and 35 days of growth, an equal amount of water (without ammonium sulfate) was used to replace the plant nutrient absorber;

[0122] Test results: The rapeseed was harvested and weighed at 50 days of growth to calculate the yield increase rate. The harvested rapeseed was dried at low temperature to a constant weight, and the moisture content was calculated. Then it was ground into powder and used for the protein content in the leaves. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0123] Method for determining protein content: The protein content in rapeseed meal samples was determined by the Kjeldahl method.

[0124] Table 2

[0125]

[0126]

[0127] The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not exhaustive of the feasible implementations of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any obvious changes made thereto without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention should be considered to be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant nutrient absorption accelerator, characterized in that: The following raw materials are included in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of polyglutamic acid; Mg 2+ 1-15 servings; Zn 2+ 1-15 servings; 20-30 parts of bacterial polysaccharide; Thiamine hydrochloride 10-15 parts; 100 parts water; pH 7.0-7.5; The bacterial polysaccharide is bacterial exopolysaccharide, and the bacterial exopolysaccharide is extracted from jelly-like Bacillus; The extraction method comprises the following steps: Step 1), adjusting the pH of the jelly-like Bacillus fermentation broth to 5.2 with hydrochloric acid, adding chitosan thereto, stirring at room temperature for 20 minutes, standing for 15 minutes, and centrifuging at 4000 rpm to remove the bacteria and insoluble matter; Step 2), adjusting the pH of the fermentation liquid to 8.0 with NaOH solution after removing the bacteria, standing for 20 minutes, centrifuging at 5000 rpa, taking the supernatant and adding 100 U / mL alkaline protease, keeping at 40°C for 3 hours, inactivating the enzyme at 95°C for 3 minutes, and centrifuging at 8000 rpm to remove protein and residual chitosan flocs to obtain a supernatant; Step 3), concentrating the supernatant obtained in step 2) to 40% of the original volume to obtain a concentrated solution; Step 4), adjust the pH of the concentrate to 7.5, add 95% ethanol, refrigerate at 4°C for 3 hours, centrifuge at 10000 rpm for 10 minutes at 4°C, remove the supernatant, and the precipitate is bacterial extracellular polysaccharide.

2. A plant nutrient absorption enhancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molecular weight of the polyglutamic acid is 50,000-85,000.

3. A plant nutrient absorption enhancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Mg 2+ Added in the form of one or both of magnesium sulfate and magnesium phosphate; The Zn 2+ Added in the form of zinc chloride, zinc sulfate or both.

4. A plant nutrient absorption enhancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes N element, which is added in the form of one or more of ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, monoammonium sulfate and urea.

5. A method for preparing the plant nutrient absorption enhancer as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1, add polyglutamic acid to part of the water, stir to dissolve, add magnesium sulfate and zinc chloride, stir at 70-80 degrees Celsius for 1-3 hours, and prepare solution A; Step 2, add bacterial polysaccharide to the remaining water, stir to dissolve, add thiamine hydrochloride, continue stirring for 30 minutes, and prepare solution B; Step 3: After mixing solution A and solution B, stir and react at 40-50 degrees Celsius for 10-20 minutes, and adjust the pH value to 7.0-7.5 to obtain the plant nutrient absorption promoter.

6. Use of the plant nutrient absorption promoter according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the plant nutrient absorption promoter obtained by the preparation method according to claim 5 in promoting crop growth.

7. Use of the plant nutrient absorption promoter according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the plant nutrient absorption promoter obtained by the preparation method according to claim 5 in promoting the absorption and conversion of nitrogen by crops.

8. Use of the plant nutrient absorption promoter according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the plant nutrient absorption promoter obtained by the preparation method according to claim 5 in fertilizers, characterized in that: The fertilizer contains a plant nutrient absorption accelerator at a mass concentration of 1.2-1.8%.

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