A device and method for absorbing shock of a pipe string against horizontal and vertical bidirectional perforation

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for damping a tubular string against vertical and horizontal bidirectional perforation. The device comprises a joint, a primary perforator, and a secondary perforator. One end of the primary perforator is connected to the joint, and a longitudinal and transverse vibration damping assembly are disposed between the other end of the primary perforator and the secondary perforator. The longitudinal and transverse vibration damping assemblies act between the primary and secondary perforators. This device reduces the impact of damping fluid leakage on vibration damping, thereby mitigating both the vertical and horizontal vibrations generated by perforation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of perforation vibration reduction, and in particular relates to a device and method for resistant transverse and longitudinal bidirectional perforation string vibration reduction. Background Art

[0002] During perforating of oil and gas wells, the perforating string is subject to the impact of the instantaneous peak pressure, often causing plastic bending, vibration fracture, and casing damage. These accidents severely impact normal oil and gas production and cause significant economic losses. The instantaneous impact force generated by the explosion of the perforating charge during perforation causes the string to vibrate longitudinally along the tubing axis and transversely perpendicular to the axis, placing the string under severe stress. Therefore, a bidirectional shock absorber with both longitudinal and transverse damping properties is needed.

[0003] Patent number CN104818951B3, for comparison, describes a bidirectional vibration damping device for a perforating string. It includes a housing, an upper joint, a vibration damping shaft, a lower joint, a spring seat, an insulating bracket, a magnet, a spring, and a solenoid. The upper joint is disposed at the upper end of the housing, and the vibration damping shaft is disposed within the housing, with one end of the vibration damping shaft extending from the lower end of the housing and connected to the lower joint. Within the housing, the spring seat, insulating bracket, and magnet are sequentially disposed on the vibration damping shaft from top to bottom, with the magnet fixed to the bottom of the housing. The spring is disposed on the vibration damping shaft between the upper joint and the spring seat, and the solenoid is disposed on the insulating bracket. This invention can effectively reduce the effects of longitudinal compression and tension vibrations on the perforating string during the perforating process, thereby improving the safety of the perforating string. The invention can be widely used in oil and gas drilling and completion operations.

[0004] The aforementioned bidirectional vibration damping device for the perforating string requires the coordination of a spring seat, an insulating bracket, and a magnet during vibration damping. Due to the high temperature inside the tubing and the significant heat generated during perforating, the magnets are at increased risk of demagnetization, rendering the damping mechanism inoperable and impacting the vibration damping operation of the perforating string. Furthermore, the aforementioned damping device only considers the effects of longitudinal compression and tension vibrations on the perforating string, and does not account for transverse vibrations perpendicular to the string axis. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for reducing vibration of a tubular string against bidirectional perforation, thereby reducing the impact of damping fluid leakage on vibration reduction and alleviating the lateral and longitudinal vibrations caused by perforation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A device for damping a tubular string against vertical and horizontal bidirectional perforation includes a joint, a primary perforator, and a secondary perforator. One end of the primary perforator is connected to the joint, and a longitudinal damping assembly and a transverse damping assembly are provided between the other end of the primary perforator and the secondary perforator. The longitudinal and transverse damping assemblies act between the primary perforator and the secondary perforator.

[0008] The longitudinal vibration damping assembly includes a first sleeve arranged at the lower end of the first-stage perforator, the first sleeve being arranged in four groups in an equidistant circle in a cross section, one end of a first slide rod being slidably connected to the first sleeve, the other end of the first slide rod being connected to the second-stage perforator, one end of the first slide rod being located on a slide plate inside the first sleeve, the slide plate being provided with a plurality of damping holes, the interior of the first sleeve being filled with damping fluid, the damping fluid being distributed inside the first sleeve, a first spring connected to the slide plate being provided inside the first sleeve, one end of the first spring being connected to the first-stage perforator, and the other end being connected to the slide plate, the first-stage perforator being provided with a feeding assembly for replenishing the damping fluid inside the first sleeve, the slide plate being fitted in the inner cavity of the first sleeve and being able to move freely in the longitudinal direction, and the damping holes being evenly distributed around the connection point of the first slide rod on the surface of the slide plate.

[0009] The feed assembly includes a material storage barrel disposed at the lower end of the primary perforator along its vertical axis. A delivery pipe is installed between the material storage barrel and the first sleeve, and the delivery pipe is disposed at the lower end of the primary perforator. A piston plate is slidably connected to the interior of the material storage barrel via a sliding assembly. The primary perforator is provided with a drive assembly for driving the piston plate. The piston plate is in contact with the inner wall of the material storage barrel.

[0010] The sliding assembly includes multiple second sleeves arranged inside the storage barrel, the lower end of the second sleeve is slidably connected to one end of the second sliding rod, and the upper end is connected to the first-level perforator, the other end of each second sliding rod is connected to the piston plate, and the upper end of the second sleeve is connected to the first-level perforator.

[0011] The driving assembly includes a U-shaped frame arranged at the lower end of the first-stage perforator, a threaded rod is rotatably connected to the center of the bottom edge of the U-shaped frame, a threaded sleeve is threadedly engaged with the threaded rod, and the other end of the threaded sleeve is connected to the piston plate. A rotating assembly for rotating the threaded rod is provided on the U-shaped frame, and the U-shaped frame and the first sleeve are longitudinally parallel to each other.

[0012] The rotating assembly includes a setting frame arranged on a U-shaped frame, a mounting shaft is rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame, one end of the mounting shaft is arranged with one end of the threaded rod, and the other end of the mounting shaft is provided with a first bevel gear, a driving shaft is rotatably connected to the setting frame, one end of the driving shaft is provided with a second bevel gear, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are meshed with each other, a one-way transmission assembly for one-way transmission of the driving shaft is provided on the secondary perforator, and the driving shaft and the mounting shaft are arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0013] The one-way transmission assembly includes a disc arranged at one end of the driving shaft, a plurality of transmission plates are arranged in a ring array on the disc, a mounting frame is provided at the upper end of the secondary perforator through a connecting plate, a strip plate is connected to the mounting frame through a connecting assembly, a plurality of push plates for resisting the transmission plate are arranged on the strip plate, and a slope is provided at the lower end of each push plate. The strip plates are driven to move toward the interior of the mounting frame for contraction through the resisting action of the slope and the transmission plate, and the contraction movement of the strip plates is locked, so that the mounting frame does not drive the driving shaft and the mounting shaft to rotate in the opposite direction when resetting, thereby avoiding the reverse rotation of the mounting shaft causing the resetting of the piston plate to be inconvenient for subsequent continuous feeding operations.

[0014] The connecting assembly includes a plurality of third sleeves arranged inside the mounting frame, each of the third sleeves is slidably connected to a third sliding rod, one end of each third sliding rod is arranged with a strip plate, and a second spring is sleeved on the side wall of each third sleeve.

[0015] The lateral vibration damping assembly includes a support frame arranged at the upper end of the secondary perforator, a mounting rod is slidably connected to the support frame, one end of the mounting rod is slidably connected to a round rod, one end of the round rod is provided with a mounting plate, a third spring is sleeved on the side wall of the round rod, the two ends of the third spring are respectively connected to the mounting plate and one end of the mounting rod, and a pushing assembly for pushing the mounting rod is provided on the secondary perforator.

[0016] The pushing assembly includes a setting plate arranged at one end of the mounting rod, an operating plate is arranged at the lower end of the first-stage perforator, an inclined groove is opened on the operating plate, a transmission pin is slidably connected to the inclined groove, and one end of the transmission pin is arranged with the setting plate.

[0017] The longitudinal vibration damping components and the transverse vibration damping components are respectively arranged in a circumferential array of 4 groups on the first-stage perforator and the second-stage perforator, with a total of 8 groups of vibration damping components arranged at equal distances.

[0018] A method for using a device for absorbing shock from a horizontal and vertical bidirectional perforating string comprises the following steps:

[0019] During the perforating operation of the perforating string inside the oil pipe, the force generated during the perforating process drives the first-stage perforator and the second-stage perforator to move closer to each other. During the movement of the first-stage perforator and the second-stage perforator, the first slide bar pushes the slide plate to move inside the first casing. During the movement of the slide plate, the damping fluid inside the first casing passes through the damping holes on the slide plate, generating a damping mechanism to longitudinally slow the vibration of the perforating string. During the movement of the first-stage perforator and the second-stage perforator, the operating plate and the setting plate move relative to each other. During the relative movement, the interaction between the inclined slot on the operating plate and the transmission pin drives the setting plate to move toward the support frame. During the movement of the setting plate, the installation rod is pushed to move toward the outside on the support frame. During the movement of the installation rod, the installation plate is abutted against the inner wall of the oil pipe. As the installation rod continues to slide, the round rod slides on one end of the installation rod and squeezes and deforms the third spring to generate elastic force. The elastic force of the third spring causes the perforating string to vibrate laterally. The coordination of the transverse and longitudinal vibrations forms a two-way vibration, thereby ensuring the vibration damping effect of the perforating string.

[0020] The camming member is engaged with the first and second camming members and the camming member is engaged with the first and second camming members, and the camming member is engaged with the first and second camming members, thereby causing the camming member to engage with the first and second camming members and the camming member to engage with the first and second camming members.

[0021] After the perforating string is slowed down and the vibration is slowed down, the first-stage perforator and the second-stage perforator are reset away from each other. During the reset process, the installation frame is pulled away from the first-stage perforator by the connecting plate. During the movement of the installation frame, the inclined surfaces of the push plates on the strip plates are successively abutted against the transmission plates. The abutment between the inclined surfaces and the transmission plates drives the strip plates to move toward the inside of the installation frame for contraction. The contraction movement of the strip plates prevents the installation frame from driving the drive shaft and the installation shaft to rotate in the opposite direction when resetting, thereby preventing the reverse rotation of the installation shaft from causing the reset of the piston plate to be inconvenient for subsequent continuous feeding operations.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] (1) During the vibration reduction operation of the present invention, the vibration generated by perforation drives the piston plate to move toward the interior of the storage barrel. During the movement of the piston plate, the piston plate squeezes the storage barrel, and part of the damping liquid inside the storage barrel is fed to the interior of each first sleeve through the delivery pipe. The damping liquid inside each first sleeve is fed, thereby reducing the impact of leakage of the damping liquid on vibration reduction and ensuring the vibration reduction effect.

[0024] (2) The anti-transverse and longitudinal bidirectional perforating string vibration damping device described in the present invention forms bidirectional vibration damping through the coordination of transverse vibration damping and longitudinal vibration damping, thereby ensuring the vibration damping effect on the perforating string. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lateral vibration damping assembly of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving component of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the feeding assembly of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the longitudinal vibration damping assembly of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the sliding assembly, driving assembly and one-way transmission assembly of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating assembly and the connecting assembly of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0033] In the figure: 101-connector; 102-first perforator; 103-second perforator; 201-first casing; 202-first slide rod; 203-slide plate; 204-damping hole; 205-first spring; 301-storage barrel; 302-delivery pipe; 303-piston plate; 401-second casing; 402-second slide rod; 501-U-shaped frame; 502-threaded rod; 503-threaded sleeve; 601-setting frame; 602-mounting shaft; 603-first bevel gear; 604- Drive shaft; 605-second bevel gear; 701-disc; 702-transmission plate; 703-connecting plate; 704-mounting frame; 705-strip plate; 706-push plate; 707-inclined surface; 801-third sleeve; 802-third slide rod; 803-second spring; 901-support frame; 902-mounting rod; 903-round rod; 904-mounting plate; 905-third spring; 1001-setting plate; 1002-operating plate; 1003-bevel groove; 1004-transmission pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figures 1-8 1. The present invention shows a device for damping a tubular string against vertical and horizontal bidirectional perforation, comprising a joint 101, a primary perforator 102, and a secondary perforator 103. The primary perforator 102 is connected to the joint 101, and a longitudinal damping assembly and a transverse damping assembly are provided between the primary perforator 102 and the secondary perforator 103.

[0036] like Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, the longitudinal vibration damping assembly includes a first sleeve 201 arranged at the lower end of the first-stage perforator 102, a first slide bar 202 is slidably connected to the first sleeve 201, one end of the first slide bar 202 is arranged with the second-stage perforator 103, one end of the first slide bar 202 is located inside the first sleeve 201 and is provided with a slide plate 203, a plurality of damping holes 204 are opened on the slide plate 203, the interior of the first sleeve 201 is filled with damping fluid, the interior of the first sleeve 201 is provided with a first spring 205 for connecting to the slide plate 203, and the first-stage perforator 102 is provided with a feeding assembly for replenishing the damping fluid inside the first sleeve 201.

[0037] Specifically, the feeding assembly includes a material storage barrel 301 arranged at the lower end of the first-stage perforator 102, and a delivery pipe 302 is installed between the material storage barrel 301 and the first sleeve 201. The interior of the material storage barrel 301 is slidably connected to a piston plate 303 through a sliding assembly. The first-stage perforator 102 is provided with a driving assembly for driving the piston plate 303. During the vibration reduction operation, the piston plate 303 is driven to move toward the interior of the material storage barrel 301 through transmission. During the movement of the piston plate 303, part of the damping fluid inside the material storage barrel 301 is squeezed by the piston plate 303 to be fed through the delivery pipe 302 to the interior of each first sleeve 201, thereby feeding the damping fluid inside each first sleeve 201, reducing the impact of leakage of the damping fluid on vibration reduction, and ensuring the vibration reduction effect.

[0038] like Figure 6 As shown: the sliding assembly includes a plurality of second sleeves 401 arranged inside the storage barrel 301, and a second slide rod 402 is slidably connected to the second sleeve 401. One end of each second slide rod 402 is set with the piston plate 303. Through the plurality of second sleeves 401 and the second slide rod 402, the movement of the piston plate 303 after being subjected to force is guided.

[0039] Specifically, the drive assembly includes a U-shaped frame 501 arranged at the lower end of the first-stage perforator 102. A threaded rod 502 is rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame 501. A threaded sleeve 503 is threadedly engaged with the threaded rod 502. One end of the threaded sleeve 503 is arranged with the piston plate 303. A rotating assembly for rotating the threaded rod 502 is provided on the U-shaped frame 501.

[0040] Specifically, the rotating assembly includes a setting frame 601 set on the U-shaped frame 501, and the U-shaped frame 501 is rotatably connected to the mounting shaft 602. One end of the mounting shaft 602 is set with one end of the threaded rod 502, and the other end of the mounting shaft 602 is provided with a first bevel gear 603. The setting frame 601 is rotatably connected to the driving shaft 604, and one end of the driving shaft 604 is provided with a second bevel gear 605. The first bevel gear 603 and the second bevel gear 605 are meshed with each other. The secondary perforator 103 is provided with a one-way transmission assembly for one-way transmission of the driving shaft 604.

[0041] like Figure 7As shown, the one-way transmission assembly includes a disc 701 provided at one end of the drive shaft 604, a plurality of transmission plates 702 are provided in a circular array on the disc 701, a mounting frame 704 is provided on the upper end of the secondary perforator 103 via a connecting plate 703, a strip plate 705 is connected to the mounting frame 704 via a connecting assembly, a plurality of push plates 706 are arranged on the strip plate 705 for abutting against the transmission plate 702, and a slope 707 is provided at the lower end of each push plate 706. When the primary perforator 102 and the secondary perforator 103 move toward each other, the mounting frame 704 is driven by the connecting plate 703 to move toward the primary perforator 102. During the movement, the push plates 706 of the strip plates 705 on the mounting frame 704 sequentially abut against the transmission plates 702 on the disc 701. The plates 702 are offset against each other, and the disc 701 is driven to rotate through the offset transmission effect of the push plate 706 and the transmission plate 702. After the perforating string is slowed down, the first-stage perforator 102 and the second-stage perforator 103 are reset away from each other. During the reset process, the installation frame 704 is pulled away from the first-stage perforator 102 by the connecting plate 703. During the movement of the installation frame 704, the inclined surfaces 707 of each push plate 706 on the strip plate 705 are sequentially offset against the transmission plate 702. The offset effect of the inclined surfaces 707 and the transmission plate 702 drives the strip plates 705 to move toward the inside of the installation frame 704 for contraction. The contraction of the strip plates 705 prevents the installation frame 704 from driving the drive shaft 604 and the installation shaft 602 to rotate in the opposite direction during the reset.

[0042] Specifically, the connecting component includes a plurality of third sleeves 801 arranged inside the mounting frame 704, each third sleeve 801 is slidably connected to a third slide bar 802, one end of each third slide bar 802 is arranged with the strip plate 705, and a second spring 803 is sleeved on the side wall of each third sleeve 801. Through the plurality of third sleeves 801 and the third slide bar 802, the movement of the strip plate 705 after being subjected to force is guided, and through the second springs 803, the reset movement operation of the strip plate 705 after being subjected to force is facilitated.

[0043] like Figure 3 、 Figure 8As shown: the lateral vibration reduction assembly includes a support frame 901 arranged at the upper end of the secondary perforator 103, a mounting rod 902 is slidably connected to the support frame 901, one end of the mounting rod 902 is slidably connected to a round rod 903, one end of the round rod 903 is provided with a mounting plate 904, a side wall of the round rod 903 is sleeved with a third spring 905, the two ends of the third spring 905 are respectively connected to the mounting plate 904 and one end of the mounting rod 902, a pushing assembly for pushing the mounting rod 902 is provided on the secondary perforator 103, the pushing assembly includes a setting plate 1001 arranged at one end of the mounting rod 902, an operating plate 1002 is provided at the lower end of the primary perforator 102, an inclined slot 1003 is opened on the operating plate 1002, a transmission pin 1004 is slidably connected to the inclined slot 1003, and one end of the transmission pin 1004 is connected to the The setting plate 1001 is arranged so that when the first-stage perforator 102 and the second-stage perforator 103 move toward each other, the operating plate 1002 and the setting plate 1001 move relative to each other. During the relative movement, the interaction between the inclined groove 1003 on the operating plate 1002 and the transmission pin 1004 drives the setting plate 1001 to move toward the support frame 901. During the movement of the setting plate 1001, the mounting rod 902 is pushed to move outward on the support frame 901. During the movement of the mounting rod 902, the mounting plate 904 is abutted against the inner wall of the oil pipe. As the mounting rod 902 continues to slide, the round rod 903 slides on one end of the mounting rod 902 and squeezes and deforms the third spring 905 to generate elastic force. The elastic force of the third spring 905 is used to dampen the vibration of the perforating string in the horizontal direction.

[0044] Specifically, multiple groups of longitudinal vibration damping components and transverse vibration damping components are provided in the first-stage perforator 102 and the second-stage perforator 103 ; the multiple groups of longitudinal vibration damping components and transverse vibration damping components ensure the vibration damping effect on the perforating string.

[0045] Working principle of the present invention:

[0046] During the perforating operation of the perforating string inside the oil pipe, the force generated during the perforating process drives the first-stage perforator 102 and the second-stage perforator 103 to move closer to each other. During the movement of the first-stage perforator 102 and the second-stage perforator 103 closer to each other, the first slide bar 202 pushes the slide plate 203 to move inside the first casing 201. During the movement of the slide plate 203, the damping fluid inside the first casing 201 passes through the damping holes 204 on the slide plate 203, generating a damping mechanism to longitudinally slow the vibration of the perforating string. During the movement of the first-stage perforator 102 and the second-stage perforator 103 closer to each other, the operating plate 1002 and the setting plate 1001 move relative to each other. During the relative movement, the interaction between the inclined groove 1003 on the operating plate 1002 and the transmission pin 1004 drives the setting plate 1001 to move toward the support frame 901. During the movement of the setting plate 1001, the installation rod 902 is pushed to move toward the outside on the support frame 901. During the movement of the installation rod 902, the installation plate 904 is abutted against the inner wall of the oil pipe. As the installation rod 902 continues to slide, the round rod 903 slides on one end of the installation rod 902 and squeezes and deforms the third spring 905 to generate elastic force. The elastic force of the third spring 905 is used to horizontally slow down the vibration of the perforating string. Through the cooperation of horizontal and vertical slow down, two-way slow down is formed to ensure the slow down effect of the perforating string.

[0047] In the process of the first-stage perforator 102 and the second-stage perforator 103 moving toward each other, the connecting plate 703 drives the mounting frame 704 to move toward the first-stage perforator 102. During the movement, the push plates 706 of the strip plates 705 on the mounting frame 704 are sequentially abutted against the transmission plates 702 on the disc 701. The disc 701 is driven to rotate by the abutting transmission effect of the push plates 706 and the transmission plates 702. During the rotation of the disc 701, the second bevel gear 605 is driven to rotate by the drive shaft 604. During the rotation of the second bevel gear 605, the second bevel gear 605 is engaged with the first bevel gear 603. The transmission drives the installation shaft 602 to rotate. During the rotation of the installation shaft 602, the threaded rod 502 is driven to rotate. During the rotation of the threaded rod 502, the mutual engagement between the threaded rod 502 and the threaded sleeve 503 is driven to drive the piston plate 303 to move toward the interior of the storage barrel 301. During the movement of the piston plate 303, part of the damping liquid in the storage barrel 301 is squeezed by the piston plate 303 and fed to the interior of each first sleeve 201 through the delivery pipe 302, thereby feeding the damping liquid in each first sleeve 201, reducing the impact of the leakage of the damping liquid on the vibration reduction, and ensuring the vibration reduction effect;

[0048] After the perforating string is slowly vibrated, the primary perforator 102 and the secondary perforator 103 are reset away from each other. During the reset process, the connecting plate 703 pulls the mounting frame 704 away from the primary perforator 102. During the movement of the mounting frame 704, the inclined surfaces 707 of the push plates 706 on the strip plate 705 are sequentially abutted against the transmission plate 702. The abutment between the inclined surfaces 707 and the transmission plate 702 drives the strip plate 705 to move toward the inside of the mounting frame 704 for contraction. The contraction of the strip plate 705 prevents the mounting frame 704 from driving the drive shaft 604 and the mounting shaft 602 to rotate in the opposite direction during the reset process, thereby preventing the reverse rotation of the mounting shaft 602 from causing the reset of the piston plate 303 to be inconvenient for the subsequent continuous feeding operation.

[0049] The above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced with equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalents shall be encompassed by the claims of the present invention. Any techniques, shapes, and structures not described in detail herein are well known.

Claims

1. A device for absorbing shock from a pipe string in both horizontal and vertical directions, characterized in that: The invention comprises a joint (101), a first-stage perforator (102) and a second-stage perforator (103); one end of the first-stage perforator (102) is connected to the joint (101); a longitudinal vibration damping assembly and a transverse vibration damping assembly are provided between the other end of the first-stage perforator (102) and the second-stage perforator (103); the longitudinal vibration damping assembly and the transverse vibration damping assembly act between the first-stage perforator and the second-stage perforator; The longitudinal vibration damping assembly includes a first sleeve (201) arranged at the lower end of the first-stage perforator (102), the first sleeve (201) is arranged in four groups on a circumference with equal spacing in a cross section, one end of a first slide bar (202) is slidably connected to the first sleeve (201), the other end of the first slide bar (202) is connected to the second-stage perforator (103), one end of the first slide bar (202) is located on a slide plate (203) inside the first sleeve (201), a plurality of damping holes (204) are opened on the slide plate (203), the interior of the first sleeve (201) is filled with a damping liquid, and the damping liquid is divided into Arranged inside the first sleeve (201), the first sleeve (201) is provided with a first spring (205) connected to the slide (203), one end of the first spring (205) is connected to the first-stage perforator (102), and the other end is connected to the slide (203), the first-stage perforator (102) is provided with a feeding assembly for replenishing the damping fluid inside the first sleeve (201), the slide (203) fits in the inner cavity of the first sleeve (201) and can move freely in the longitudinal direction, and the damping holes (204) are evenly distributed around the connection point of the first slide rod (202) on the surface of the slide (203); The lateral vibration damping assembly comprises a support frame (901) arranged at the upper end of the secondary perforator (103), a mounting rod (902) being slidably connected to the support frame (901), a round rod (903) being slidably connected to one end of the mounting rod (902), a mounting plate (904) being provided at one end of the round rod (903), a third spring (905) being sleeved on the side wall of the round rod (903), two ends of the third spring (905) being respectively connected to the mounting plate (904) and one end of the mounting rod (902), and a pushing assembly for pushing the mounting rod (902) being provided on the secondary perforator (103); The pushing assembly comprises a setting plate (1001) arranged at one end of the mounting rod (902); an operating plate (1002) is arranged at the lower end of the first-stage perforator (102); an inclined groove (1003) is provided on the operating plate (1002); a driving pin (1004) is slidably connected to the inclined groove (1003); one end of the driving pin (1004) is arranged on the setting plate (1001); The longitudinal vibration damping components and the transverse vibration damping components are respectively arranged in a circumferential array of four groups on the first-stage perforator (102) and the second-stage perforator (103).

2. The device for absorbing shock of a pipe string against horizontal and vertical bidirectional perforation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding assembly includes a material storage barrel (301) arranged at the lower end of the first-level perforator (102) along the axis of the first-level perforator (102) in the vertical direction, a delivery pipe (302) is installed between the material storage barrel (301) and the first casing (201), and the delivery pipe (302) is arranged at the lower end of the first-level perforator (102). The interior of the material storage barrel (301) is slidably connected to a piston plate (303) through a sliding assembly. The first-level perforator (102) is provided with a driving assembly for driving the piston plate (303), and the piston plate (303) is in contact with the inner wall of the material storage barrel (301).

3. The device for absorbing shock of a pipe string against horizontal and vertical bidirectional perforation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding assembly includes a plurality of second sleeves (401) arranged inside the storage barrel (301), the lower end of the second sleeve (401) is slidably connected to one end of a second slide rod (402), and the upper end is connected to the first-stage perforator (102), the other end of each second slide rod (402) is connected to the piston plate (303), and the upper end of the second sleeve (401) is connected to the first-stage perforator (102).

4. The device for absorbing shock of a pipe string against horizontal and vertical bidirectional perforation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving assembly includes a U-shaped frame (501) arranged at the lower end of the first-stage perforator (102), a threaded rod (502) is rotatably connected to the center of the bottom edge of the U-shaped frame (501), a threaded sleeve (503) is threadedly engaged on the threaded rod (502), the other end of the threaded sleeve (503) is connected to the piston plate (303), and a rotating assembly for rotating the threaded rod (502) is provided on the U-shaped frame (501), and the U-shaped frame (501) and the first sleeve (201) are longitudinally parallel to each other.

5. The device for absorbing shock of a pipe string against horizontal and vertical bidirectional perforation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating assembly comprises a setting frame (601) arranged on a U-shaped frame (501), a mounting shaft (602) being rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame (501), one end of the mounting shaft (602) being arranged with one end of the threaded rod (502), and the other end of the mounting shaft (602) being provided with a first bevel gear (603), a driving shaft (604) being rotatably connected to the setting frame (601), one end of the driving shaft (604) being provided with a second bevel gear (605), the first bevel gear (603) and the second bevel gear (605) being meshed with each other, a one-way transmission assembly for one-way transmission of the driving shaft (604) being provided on the secondary perforator (103), and the driving shaft (604) and the mounting shaft (602) being arranged perpendicular to each other.

6. The device for absorbing shock of a pipe string against horizontal and vertical bidirectional perforation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The one-way transmission assembly comprises a disc (701) arranged at one end of a drive shaft (604), a plurality of transmission plates (702) arranged in a circular array on the disc (701), a mounting frame (704) provided at the upper end of the secondary perforator (103) via a connecting plate (703), a strip plate (705) connected to the mounting frame (704) via a connecting assembly, a plurality of push plates (706) arranged on the strip plate (705) for abutting against the transmission plate (702), and each of the push plates (706) 6) is provided with an inclined surface (707) at the lower end thereof, and the inclined surface (707) and the transmission plate (702) are counteracted to drive the strip plate (705) to move toward the inside of the installation frame (704) to retract. By locking the retracting movement of the strip plate (705), the installation frame (704) does not drive the driving shaft (604) and the installation shaft (602) to rotate in the opposite direction when resetting, thereby preventing the reverse rotation of the installation shaft (602) from causing the piston plate (303) to be reset and making it inconvenient for subsequent continuous feeding operations; The connecting assembly includes a plurality of third sleeves (801) arranged inside the mounting frame (704), each of the third sleeves (801) is slidably connected to a third slide bar (802), one end of each of the third slide bars (802) is arranged with a strip plate (705), and a second spring (803) is sleeved on the side wall of each of the third sleeves (801).

7. A method for using the anti-horizontal and vertical bidirectional perforating string shock-absorbing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: During the perforating operation of the perforating string in the oil pipe, the force generated during the perforating process drives the first-stage perforator (102) and the second-stage perforator (103) to move closer to each other. During the movement of the first-stage perforator (102) and the second-stage perforator (103), the first slide bar (202) pushes the slide plate (203) to move inside the first casing (201). During the movement of the slide plate (203), the damping fluid inside the first casing (201) passes through the damping holes (204) on the slide plate (203), generating a damping mechanism to longitudinally slow the vibration of the perforating string. During the movement of the first-stage perforator (102) and the second-stage perforator (103), the operating plate (1002) and the setting plate (1001) move relative to each other. During the relative movement, the interaction between the inclined groove (1003) on the operating plate (1002) and the transmission pin (1004) drives the setting plate (1001) to move toward the support frame (901). During the movement of the setting plate (1001), the installation rod (902) is pushed to move toward the outside on the support frame (901). During the movement of the installation rod (902), the installation plate (904) is abutted against the inner wall of the oil pipe. As the installation rod (902) continues to slide, the round rod (903) slides on one end of the installation rod (902) and squeezes and deforms the third spring (905) to generate elastic force. Through the elastic force of the third spring (905), the perforating string is subjected to transverse slow vibration. Through the cooperation of transverse slow vibration and longitudinal slow vibration, a two-way slow vibration is formed to ensure the slow vibration effect of the perforating string. In the process of the first-stage perforator (102) and the second-stage perforator (103) moving closer to each other, the mounting frame (704) is driven to move closer to the first-stage perforator (102) through the connecting plate (703). In the process of movement, the push plates (706) of the strip plate (705) on the mounting frame (704) are sequentially abutted against the transmission plates (702) on the disc (701). The disc (701) is driven to rotate through the abutting transmission effect of the push plates (706) and the transmission plates (702). In the process of the rotation of the disc (701), the second bevel gear (605) is driven to rotate through the driving shaft (604). In the process of the rotation of the second bevel gear (605), the second bevel gear (605) and the first bevel gear (603) are engaged. The mutually meshing transmission drives the installation shaft (602) to rotate. During the rotation of the installation shaft (602), the threaded rod (502) is driven to rotate. During the rotation of the threaded rod (502), the mutually meshing transmission between the threaded rod (502) and the threaded sleeve (503) drives the piston plate (303) to move toward the interior of the storage barrel (301). During the movement of the piston plate (303), part of the damping liquid inside the storage barrel (301) is fed through the delivery pipe (302) to the interior of each first sleeve (201) by the extrusion of the piston plate (303). The damping liquid inside each first sleeve (201) is fed, thereby reducing the impact of leakage of the damping liquid on vibration reduction and ensuring the vibration reduction effect. After the perforating string is slowed down and vibrated, the first-stage perforator (102) and the second-stage perforator (103) are reset away from each other. During the reset process, the installation frame (704) is pulled away from the first-stage perforator (102) by the connecting plate (703). During the movement of the installation frame (704), the inclined surfaces (707) of the push plates (706) on the strip plate (705) are successively abutted against the transmission plate (702). Through the abutment between the inclined surfaces (707) and the transmission plate (702), the strip plate (705) is driven to move toward the inside of the installation frame (704) for contraction. Through the contraction movement of the strip plate (705), the installation frame (704) does not drive the driving shaft (604) and the installation shaft (602) to rotate in the opposite direction when resetting, thereby preventing the reverse rotation of the installation shaft (602) from causing the reset of the piston plate (303) to be inconvenient for subsequent continuous feeding operations.

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