A mechanized bulk mining method for underground mining

Abstract

The application discloses a mechanized overall stoping method for underground mine exploitation in the technical field of underground mine, which comprises the following steps: S1, arranging mining preparation engineering, and dividing the ore body into upper and lower layers for exploitation; S2, full-face blasting advancing; S3, fully emptying and stoping the lower ore body; S4, exploiting the upper ore body, and performing operation on the upper ore body; S5, cutting and falling the upper ore body to fill the lower goaf; S6, cutting and falling the upper ore body into the lower goaf; and S7, loading and transporting the fallen ore in the lower goaf, wherein the rock drilling jumbo is used for operation, each layer of the mine field is not divided into multiple ore rooms, the ore room excavation time is saved, and the working intensity of workers is greatly reduced; the full-face blasting advancing can not need to set the ore pillar, and the stoping rate of the mine field is greatly improved; the roof between the upper and lower ore bodies is not designed, and the safety hidden danger of the roof does not need to be considered.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of underground mines, in particular to a mechanized overall stoping method for underground mine exploitation. BACKGROUND

[0002] Mine exploitation generally requires mining and stoping methods, such as open-pit mining, shaft mining or tunnel mining methods, including blasting, drilling, loading and other technical means, and after the completion of mining, stoping operations will be performed, which usually adopts methods such as coal pillar mining, stope mining, room and pillar mining, and technical means such as coal mine support and mine area maintenance,

[0003] Limestone for cement is a low-cost mineral product, and the current limestone mining method mainly adopts the shallow hole ore-remaining open stope method and the shallow hole room and pillar method. The shallow hole ore-remaining open stope method has great difficulty in roof control and is prone to cause roof fall and rib spalling, resulting in personnel casualties. The worker's mining operation intensity is high, the production capacity is small, the mining period is long, the stope top column and the interval column control difficulty is great, and it is easy to cause over-mining, which leads to a significant safety hazard that the mine column cannot meet the design value, and it is easy to cause under-mining, which leads to high loss rate of mine room and causes artificial resource waste. The overall mining mechanization degree is low. The shallow hole room and pillar method also has great difficulty in roof control, is prone to cause roof fall and rib spalling, resulting in personnel casualties. The worker's mining operation intensity is high, the production capacity is small, and the ventilation difficulty is great. Dust pollution is serious, which easily harms the health of workers. The ore block recovery rate is low, and the overall mining mechanization degree is low.

[0004] The current shallow hole ore-remaining open stope method and shallow hole room and pillar method both need to separate the mine site into multiple individual mine rooms, and then stoping the ore body inside each mine room. Not only is there a space for stoping the upper and lower layers, but each mine room also needs a mine column to support each separated mine room.

[0005] For example, a kind of mechanized shallow hole sublevel open stope method for limestone underground mine exploitation with publication date of March 7, 2023 and China patent application number CN202211361178.X. In this underground ore body stoping method, the ore body needs to be separated into multiple different mine rooms, and the thickness of the partition column between each mine room is generally between 10-12 meters. The thickness of the partition roof between the upper and lower layers is also reserved for 10 meters. This roof is used to support the upper and lower layers and provide a working support area for the mining equipment.

[0006] This stoping method makes the mine column separating the mine rooms unable to be mined, and the partition between the upper and lower ore bodies cannot be stoped. The stoping rate is low due to the limitation of the drilling jumbo operation height during the stoping process. The main cause of the mining collapse is the insufficient support of the partition roof and the vertical column, which is also the most likely object of safety hazards.

[0007] Based on this, the application designs a mechanized overall stoping method for underground mine exploitation to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0008] The application aims to provide a mechanized overall stoping method for underground mine exploitation, which has high overall mining mechanization degree, uses a rock drilling jumbo for mining, greatly improves the stoping rate of the mine, no longer divides each layer of the mine into multiple ore rooms, saves the ore room excavation time, greatly reduces the work intensity of workers, can no longer need to set a mine pillar, and can use the originally reserved mine pillar and the roof of the upper and lower layers of the mine as the ore body for mining, effectively improves the stoping rate of the ore block, no longer designs the roof between the upper and lower layers of the ore body, and no longer needs to consider the safety hazards of the roof, has smooth ventilation lines and good ventilation conditions by using the lower disc air inlet and the upper disc air return, effectively solves the problem of blasting dust pollution, combines and carries forward the advantages of the short-hole shrinkage open stope method and the short-hole room and pillar method, avoids the disadvantages of high operation difficulty and long construction period of multiple ore rooms, and does not need to consider the safety hazards of ore room collapse.

[0009] The application is implemented as follows: a mechanized overall stoping method for underground mine exploitation, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1, a bottom structure preparation engineering is arranged at the bottom section of the ore body, a cutting access is arranged vertically through the ore body at the bottom of the ore body, and the ore body is divided into upper and lower layers for mining;

[0011] S2, when the lower layer of the ore body is mined, the whole ore body bottom is subjected to full-face blasting and advancing, and after blasting, the roof is subjected to prying and removing by a prying jumbo;

[0012] S3, the rock drilling jumbo is used to work on the lower layer of the ore body, and the ore body at the bottom of the ore body is mined out in the whole section, and the mined-out area is supported to form a lower layer of the mined-out area, which is transversely through the ore body, until the bottom section of the whole ore body is mined out;

[0013] S4, the upper layer of the ore body is mined, the mining height of the upper layer of the ore body is designed, a slope is made, the rock drilling jumbo is lifted to the designed height of the upper layer of the ore body, and the upper layer of the ore body is worked on;

[0014] S5, the upper layer of the ore body is cut by the rock drilling jumbo, and the cut upper layer of the ore body naturally falls into the lower layer of the mined-out area to form a falling ore layer, and the falling ore layer of the cut upper layer of the ore body fills the lower layer of the mined-out area to form a floor cushion layer;

[0015] S6, the rock drilling jumbo travels on the floor cushion layer formed by the falling ore body, continues to cut the upper layer of the ore body, and until the upper layer of the ore body is completely cut and falls into the lower layer of the mined-out area;

[0016] S7, loading all the fallen ore of the upper ore body into the lower goaf by the loader.

[0017] Further, in the step S1, the preliminary mining engineering comprises:

[0018] The mining area is arranged in stages along the ore body in the longitudinal direction, and is divided into several sections along the longitudinal direction of the ore block, and is divided into several panels in the transverse direction of the ore body, and each panel is arranged vertically to the ore body, and the ore bodies of each ore room correspond to each other.

[0019] The air intake slope, the air return slope, the sectional connecting lane, the air intake lane and the air return lane are excavated, the air return slope and the air intake slope form a scissors type stair structure, the air intake slope and the air return slope are connected to each other through the sectional connecting lane, the sectional connecting lane connects the air intake slope and the air intake section, and the air return slope and the air return section, and the air intake and return sections are connected by the inclined lane.

[0020] Further, in the step S1, the height of the lower layer is determined according to the maximum drilling height of the drill rig, and the mining height of the upper layer is determined according to the ore loose coefficient, and the ore loose coefficient is 1.5.

[0021] Further, in the step S3, the goaf support is effectively supported by using the anchor rod trolley and the guniting trolley on the top of the goaf during the mining process.

[0022] The cross section of the whole ore body is a mining channel.

[0023] Further, in the step S5, after the upper ore body falls back each time, the fallen ore is repeatedly leveled by the loader, and after it is confirmed that the drilling rig operation requirements can be met, the work can be carried out.

[0024] The upper ore body is prohibited from mining during the drilling process, and the fallen ore pile must be loaded and transported out after the upper ore body is completely mined and the roof support of the upper goaf is stable and solidified.

[0025] Further, in the step S7, after the ore body is mined, the goaf is backfilled through the air return lane as a backfilling channel.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present application are: 1. No reserved ore room, roof and column between upper and lower layers, these support structures can be mined as ore body, high recovery rate;

[0027] 2. The drill rig shallow hole fallen ore replaces the original YT28 air drill artificial shallow hole fallen ore, the mechanization degree is higher, and the worker's operation intensity is reduced;

[0028] 3, no longer need to arrange the design of the stope in the single layer of multiple ore room, and no need to design the thickness and position of the roof pillar, and more do not need to consider the column support strength between multiple ore room factors, increase the safety;

[0029] 4, the recovery process is simple, shallow hole falling ore, cutting engineering quantity of preparation is less, mining ratio is low, multiple ore room is not needed to dig, and no need to make ore pillar, the roof pillar between the upper and lower layers can also be dug off, saving a number of operation steps, the production cycle of ore block is short, the production efficiency is high, and the production capacity is large. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] The application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] Fig. 1 The structure schematic diagram of the lower ore body recovery process of the application is shown in the figure.

[0032] Fig. 2 The structure schematic diagram of the lower ore body cutting completion state of the application is shown in the figure.

[0033] Fig. 3 The structure schematic diagram of the lower ore body recovery forming lower goaf state of the application is shown in the figure.

[0034] Fig. 4 The structure schematic diagram of the upper ore body recovery process of the application is shown in the figure.

[0035] In the drawings, the component list represented by each number is as follows:

[0036] 1-stage transport roadway, 2-lower ore body, 21-lower goaf, 3-upper ore body, 31-upper goaf, 4-ore body as a whole, 41-surrounding rock, 5-return air roadway. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Please refer to Figs. 1 to 4 The application provides a technical scheme: a mechanized whole recovery method for underground mining, comprising:

[0038] Comprising the following steps:

[0039] S1, the bottom structure of the ore body is arranged at the bottom section, a cutting approach is arranged vertically through the ore body at the bottom of the ore body, and the ore body is divided into upper and lower layers for mining;

[0040] S2, when the lower ore body 2 is recovered, the whole ore body 4 is fully blasted and advanced at the bottom, after blasting, the roof is arranged by a prying trolley;

[0041] S3, the lower ore body 2 is operated by the drill jumbo, and the ore body at the bottom of the whole ore body 4 is blasted and mined out, and the goaf 21 is supported to form the lower goaf 21, which is transversely through the ore body until the bottom of the ore body is mined out;

[0042] S4, the upper ore body 3 is mined, the mining height of the whole ore body 4 needs to be designed, the slope is made, the drill jumbo is lifted to the designed height of the upper ore body 3, that is, 9 meters high, and the upper ore body 3 is operated;

[0043] S5, the upper ore body 3 is cut by the drill jumbo, and the cut upper ore body 3 naturally falls on the operation surface to form the lower goaf 21, and the falling ore of the upper ore body 3 fills the lower goaf 21 to form the floor cushion;

[0044] S6, the drill jumbo travels on the floor cushion formed by the falling ore, and continues to cut the upper ore body 3 until the upper ore body 3 is completely cut and falls in the lower goaf 21;

[0045] S7, the upper ore body 3 is loaded by the loader and transported out of the lower goaf 21, the mechanized whole mining method of underground mining has high degree of mechanization, the drill jumbo is used for mining, the mining rate of the mine is greatly improved, each layer of the mine is no longer divided into multiple ore rooms, the ore room excavation time is saved, and the work intensity of workers is greatly reduced; the whole section blasting advances, and the ore pillar is no longer needed, the ore pillar and the roof of the upper and lower layers of the mine can be mined as ore bodies, the ore recovery rate is effectively improved; the roof between the upper and lower ore bodies is no longer designed, so the safety hidden danger of the roof is no longer considered; the ventilation mode is inconvenient, so the lower disc air inlet and the upper disc air return are adopted, the ventilation line is smooth, the ventilation condition is good, the problem of blasting dust pollution is effectively solved, the advantages of the short-hole shrinkage open stope method and the short-hole room and pillar method are combined and carried forward, the disadvantages of high operation difficulty, long construction period of multiple ore rooms are avoided, and the safety hidden danger of ore room collapse is not considered, so that the method has high stope efficiency, higher mining rate of ore body, less waste of ore body, short construction period and higher safety, improves the mining safety, resource recovery rate and reduces the labor cost.

[0046] In step S1, the preliminary mining engineering includes:

[0047] The ore blocks are arranged along the ore body in the longitudinal direction, the ore blocks are divided into several sections along the longitudinal direction, the ore blocks are divided into several discs along the ore body in the transverse direction, each disc is arranged with several ore rooms perpendicular to the ore body, and the ore bodies of the ore rooms correspond to each other.

[0048] The air inlet slope, the air return slope, the sectional connecting lane, the air inlet flat lane and the air return flat lane are formed, the air return slope and the air inlet slope form a scissors type stair structure, the air inlet slope and the air return slope are connected with each other through the sectional connecting lane, the sectional connecting lane connects the air inlet slope with the air inlet section, and the sectional connecting lane connects the air return slope with the air return section, and the end parts of the air inlet section and the air return section are connected with each other through the slope connecting lane, the structure is a conventional and disclosed ventilation structure and a mining structure, is a preparation structure for stoping, forms stable ventilation and air return structures, and avoids dust pollution of a mine site;

[0049] In the step S1, the height of the lower layer is determined according to the maximum drilling height of the drilling jumbo, and the mining height of the upper layer is determined according to the ore falling loose coefficient, the ore loose coefficient is 1.5, the mining height of the upper layer ore body 3 is designed, and the falling ore can fill and smooth the lower layer goaf 21, so that the drilling jumbo can travel and work conveniently;

[0050] In the step S3, the goaf support is effectively supported by using the anchor rod trolley and the guniting trolley on the top of the goaf in the mining process;

[0051] The cross section of the whole ore body is a mining channel, the goaf is effectively supported, and the goaf is stable;

[0052] In the step S5, after the upper layer ore body 3 falls back each time, the falling ore is repeatedly smoothed by the loader, and after it is confirmed that the drilling jumbo operation requirements can be met, the operation can be performed;

[0053] The upper layer ore body 3 is prohibited from mining in the drilling process, and the falling ore pile must be loaded and transported out after the upper layer ore body 3 is completely mined and the roof support of the upper layer goaf 31 is stable and solidified, so that the upper layer ore body 3 is conveniently stoped;

[0054] In the step S7, after the ore body is stoped, the goaf is backfilled through the air return flat lane as a backfilling channel, this operation belongs to a conventional operation, and ore body collapse is avoided, and only the goaf structure of the method is an overall open field, and backfilling is more convenient.

[0055] In one specific embodiment of the present application:

[0056] The embodiment of the present application provides a mechanized overall mining method for underground mining, and the technical problems encountered by the present application are: 1. When the existing mine is mined, the operation is difficult, the mining structure of the ore body needs to be designed first, the support strength of the ore body needs to be calculated, the thickness between the roof of the upper and lower ore bodies needs to be designed, the mining equipment capable of supporting the ore body needs to be operated, and the two-way borehole of the ore body is needed to avoid the problem that personnel are trapped when the ore body is dangerous, and the safety hidden danger is great; 2. When each layer of ore body is mined, a plurality of ore rooms need to be excavated first, and then support columns need to be reserved between each ore room, the thickness needs to be calculated, and in the case of ensuring safety, the structures are designed and manufactured, and then the ore body can be mined, the manufacturing period of the ore room and each layer of mine roof is long, and the workload of the ore body mining is increased; 3. Because the safety between the upper and lower roofs needs to be ensured, generally 10 meters thick needs to be reserved, and needs to cover the entire mine, and the columns between each adjacent ore room also need to be reserved for 10-12 meters, and need to extend the entire ore body, and as many ore rooms as there are need to reserve as many ore columns to support the ore room, these support structures cannot be mined as ore bodies, but can only be left in the mine as backfill waste.

[0057] The technical problem solved by the present application is: through a simpler structure, without needing to make a plurality of ore rooms in each layer of mine and without needing to make the roof between the upper and lower ore bodies, the design structure of the mined ore body is optimized, the mining process is simplified, the mining period is shortened, and the safety hidden danger of the mined ore body due to insufficient support is reduced.

[0058] The technical effects achieved are as follows: 1. A plurality of ore rooms, a roof between the upper and lower layers, and columns do not need to be reserved in each layer, these support structures can be mined as ore bodies, and after the mine is mined, a complete cavity is formed, the entire ore body can be mined and hollowed out, and the recovery rate is high;

[0059] 2. The drilling jumbo directly performs the mining operation, the mechanization degree is higher, the work intensity of workers is reduced, and the use is simple, without needing to perform the mining operation in each ore room, but performing the mining in the space of the entire ore body, and after the mining, a complete cavity is formed, without needing to perform the winding operation in each cross aisle, but directly performing the mining in the cross section;

[0060] 3. The mining operation of the mine no longer needs to arrange a plurality of ore rooms in the mine, does not need to design the thickness and position of the roof column, and does not need to consider the support strength of the columns between the plurality of ore rooms, the safety is increased, when the ore body is mined, the ore room is not entered, and the mining of the upper ore body is not operated on the upper roof, the mining of the entire upper and lower ore bodies is completed in the lower ore body, the mining of the lower ore body 2 is performed on the platform at the bottom of the ore body, and the mining of the upper ore body 3 is performed on the bottom pad formed by the cut of the upper ore body 3;

[0061] 4. The mining process is simple, with shallow-hole ore cutting, less preparatory cutting work, and a low mining-to-excavation ratio. It does not require the excavation of several mining blocks for mining operations, nor does it require the construction of pillars. The top pillars between upper and lower layers can also be removed, saving many operational steps. The ore production cycle is short, the production efficiency is high, and the production capacity is large.

[0062] The technical solution in this invention is to solve the above problems, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0063] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0064] The entire operation of ore body mining according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0065] First, a pre-mining project must be carried out. The mining area should be divided into stages along the longitudinal direction of the ore body, and the ore blocks should be divided into several sections along the longitudinal direction of the ore blocks. The mining area should be divided into several panels along the transverse direction of the ore body, and several rooms should be arranged in each panel perpendicular to the direction of the ore body. The pillars of each room should correspond to each other vertically.

[0066] Furthermore, it is necessary to excavate intake ramps, return ramps, segmented connecting lanes, intake level lanes, and return level lanes. The return ramps and intake ramps form a scissor-like staircase structure. The intake ramps and return ramps are connected to each segment through segmented connecting lanes. The segmented connecting lanes connect the intake ramps with the intake segments and the return ramps with the return segments. The ends of the upper and lower intake and return segments are connected by ramp connecting lanes.

[0067] This structure is for the establishment of safety passages and return air passages. It needs to be set up and excavated in accordance with standards. For reference, there is a mine structure for underground limestone mining published on February 28, 2023, with Chinese patent application number CN202222907902.6. The safety passage and return air passage structures are the same, but the mining method is completely different after the pre-mining project is completed.

[0068] The specific implementation method of this recovery method is as follows:

[0069] S1, the bottom structure of the ore body is arranged in sections for the preparation of the bottom structure. A cutting road that runs vertically through the ore body is arranged at the bottom of the ore body, and the ore body is divided into upper and lower layers for mining. The lower ore body plane forms the stage transport roadway 1.

[0070] S2, during the mining of the lower ore body 2, the entire bottom of the ore body 4 is blasted and advanced in a full-section manner. After blasting, the roof is cleared of hazards using a skid trolley.

[0071] S3, the lower ore body 2 is operated by the drill jumbo, and the ore body at the bottom of the blasting section is mined out, and the lower goaf 21 is supported. The support of the lower goaf 21 is to use the anchor jumbo and the guniting jumbo to effectively support the top surface of the mined lower goaf 21 during the mining process. The cross section of the entire ore body is a mining channel. The lower goaf 21 is formed, and the height of the lower goaf 21 is 9 meters. The maximum drilling height of the drill jumbo equipment is 9 meters, so the height h of the lower goaf 21 is set to 9 meters. The lower goaf 21 penetrates the ore body laterally until the entire ore body 4 is mined out at the bottom section.

[0072] S4, the upper ore body 3 is mined, and the mining height of the upper ore body 3 needs to be designed. After the upper ore body 3 is excavated, the ore needs to be dropped to form a drop mine. After the upper ore body 3 is cut, the upper goaf 31 is formed, and the drop mine of the upper ore body 3 is made into a ramp. The drill jumbo is lifted to the designed height of the upper ore body, and the upper ore body 3 is operated.

[0073] S5, the upper ore body is cut by the drill jumbo, and the cut upper ore body naturally falls into the lower goaf. The upper ore body 3 needs to fill the lower goaf 21 and form a floor cushion. The upper drop mine 3 needs to be able to fill the height of the lower goaf 21. According to the calculation of the ore loose coefficient of 1.5, the lower goaf 21 needs to be filled with h of 9 meters, so the upper ore body can only be mined to a height of 6 meters, that is, the height d of the upper goaf 31 after mining is completed can only be 6 meters. The 6 meters of ore falls and fills the 9 meters of lower goaf 21.

[0074] S6, the drill jumbo travels on the floor cushion formed by the falling ore body and continues to cut the upper ore body 3 until the upper ore body 3 is completely cut and falls into the lower goaf 21,

[0075] After the upper ore body falls into the lower goaf 21 each time, the loader is used to repeatedly level the drop mine, and after confirmation that the operation requirements of the drill jumbo can be met, the operation can be performed.

[0076] The upper ore body is prohibited from being mined during the drilling process. The upper ore body must be completely dropped, and the roof support of the upper goaf 31 must be stable and solidified before the drop mine pile is shovelled and transported out.

[0077] S7, the upper ore body 3 falling into the lower goaf 21 is loaded and transported out by the loader. After the ore body is mined, the backfill channel is used to backfill the upper goaf 31 and the lower goaf 21.

[0078] After the bottom layer of the whole ore body 4 is mined, the upper layer is separated by at least 10 meters, and then the middle layer of the whole ore body 4 is mined, and the mining height is also 15 meters, and the existing technology needs to waste 10 meters of roof and multiple support pillars for each mining of 15 meters thick ore body, and the present method does not waste.

[0079] During the whole mining process, the lower layer of the ore body is mined to form a lower layer of the ore pile, and then the lower layer of the ore pile is transported out to form a lower layer of the mined-out area 21, and the upper layer of the ore body is mined to form a lower layer of the mined-out area 21, and the upper layer of the mined-out area 31 is formed, and the whole upper layer of the mined-out area 31 and the lower layer of the mined-out area 21 are not separated, so that the whole mine forms a complete cavity, and the total height of the excavation of the ore body is the sum of h and d, that is, 15 meters, and during the process, multiple small ore rooms are not needed, and the ore column support is not needed, and the upper and lower layers of the ore body do not need to be separated by the roof, and the whole ore body 4 is supported by the surrounding rock 41, and there is no risk of roof collapse, and the bottom of the whole lower layer of the ore body is a complete structure, and there is enough support force, and there is no risk of collapse or ore column fracture.

[0080] The present mining method avoids the safety problem of collapse, and the upper layer of the ore body 3 and the lower layer of the ore body 3 are discharged from the bottom, and do not need double-layer track design, and do not need a building-like ore room structure, and the mining is discharged, which is safe, efficient, reduces the workload, and no longer needs to blast the mountain to mine, but only needs mechanized equipment to drill rock, and the recovery rate is high.

[0081] Although the specific embodiments of the present application are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific examples described are only illustrative, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and equivalent modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art in accordance with the spirit of the present application should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A mechanized bulk mining method for underground mining, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, a bottom structure is arranged at the bottom section of the ore body, a cutting access is arranged vertically through the ore body at the bottom of the ore body, and the ore body is divided into upper and lower layers for mining; S2, when the lower layer of the ore body is mined, the entire bottom of the ore body is fully blasted and advanced, after blasting, the roof is removed by a prying trolley to remove the risk; S3, the lower layer of the ore body is worked by a rock drilling trolley, and the ore body at the bottom of the blasting section is fully mined out, and the mined-out area is supported to form a lower layer of the mined-out area, the mined-out area is transversely through the ore body, and the mining of the bottom section of the entire ore body is completed; S4, the upper layer of the ore body is mined, the mining height of the upper layer of the ore body is designed, a ramp is made, the rock drilling trolley is lifted to the designed height of the upper layer of the ore body, and the upper layer of the ore body is worked; S5, the upper layer of the ore body is cut by the rock drilling trolley, and the cut upper layer of the ore body falls naturally into the lower layer of the mined-out area to form a falling ore layer, and the falling ore layer of the cut upper layer of the ore body fills the lower layer of the mined-out area to form a floor cushion; S6, the rock drilling trolley travels on the floor cushion formed by the falling ore, and continues to cut the upper layer of the ore body, until the upper layer of the ore body is fully cut and falls into the lower layer of the mined-out area; S7, the falling ore of the upper layer of the ore body in the lower layer of the mined-out area is fully loaded and transported out by a loader.

2. A mechanized bulk mining method for underground mining as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the preparation engineering comprises: The ore blocks are arranged along the ore body in the longitudinal direction, the ore blocks are divided into sections in the longitudinal direction, the ore blocks are divided into discs in the transverse direction, each disc is vertically arranged with a plurality of ore rooms, and the ore bodies of the ore rooms correspond to each other in the upper and lower directions; The air inlet ramp, the air outlet ramp, the sectional connecting lane, the air inlet lane and the air outlet lane are excavated, the air outlet ramp and the air inlet ramp form a scissors type stair structure, the air inlet ramp and the air outlet ramp are connected with each other through the sectional connecting lane, the sectional connecting lane connects the air inlet ramp with the air inlet section, and the air outlet ramp with the air outlet section, and the air inlet and outlet sections are connected by the inclined connecting lane.

3. A mechanized bulk mining method for underground mining as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the height of the lower layer is determined according to the maximum drilling height of the drilling arm of the rock drilling trolley, and the mining height of the upper layer is determined according to the falling ore loose coefficient, and the ore loose coefficient is 1.

5.

4. A mechanized bulk mining method for underground mining as claimed in claim 3, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that: In the step S3, the support of the mined-out area is that the anchor rod trolley and the guniting trolley are used to effectively support the top of the mined-out area during the mining process, and the cross section of the entire ore body is a mining channel.

5. A mechanized block caving method of underground mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S5, after the upper layer of the ore body falls each time, the falling ore is repeatedly leveled by the loader, and the operation can be performed after it is confirmed that the operation requirements of the rock drilling trolley can be met; The upper layer of the ore body is prohibited from being mined during the rock drilling process, and the falling ore pile must be transported out after the upper layer of the ore body is completely mined and the roof support of the upper layer of the mined-out area is stable and solidified.

6. A mechanized block caving method of underground mining according to claim 1, characterised in that: In the step S7, after the mining of the ore body is completed, the mined-out area is backfilled through the air outlet lane as a backfilling channel.

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