Plasma electromagnetic thruster

Abstract

The application aims to provide a kind of plasma electromagnetic thruster, including upper clamping plate, lower clamping plate, electrode fixed box body;Box body is made of insulating material, upper clamping plate and lower clamping plate are respectively installed on the top surface and bottom surface of box body;The middle part in box body is equipped with plasma acceleration channel along its longitudinal direction, and the two ports are respectively arranged on the left and right end surfaces of box body;Box body is respectively spaced apart and arranged with more than one group of electrode sheets on the front and back sides of plasma acceleration channel;Each group of electrode sheets is respectively connected with vertical electrode rod;The upper end of electrode rod passes through the top surface of box body and penetrates through the upper clamping plate, which is located above the top surface of upper clamping plate;The lower end of electrode rod passes through the bottom surface of box body and penetrates through the lower clamping plate, which is located above the bottom surface of lower clamping plate;The bottom surface of upper clamping plate and the top surface of lower clamping plate are respectively installed with magnet.The application is scientific in design, and the plasma moves directionally in the electric field on both sides, and under the action of magnetic field, it moves quickly under the combined thrust of Ampere force and Lorentz force, thereby generating propulsive force.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electromagnetic propulsion, in particular to a plasma electromagnetic thruster. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing conventional propulsion technology, including the original mechanical propulsion and the more advanced chemical propulsion, has disadvantages such as low specific impulse, poor safety and low controllability. In recent years, the emerging electromagnetic propulsion technology is a major breakthrough in the development of space propulsion technology; it opens up a new way to solve people's requirements for high speed and large kinetic energy propulsion.

[0003] Electromagnetic propulsion refers to a device that uses electromagnetic force to accelerate and push out the working medium to obtain the opposite impulse through the interaction between the magnetic field and the current. Electromagnetic propulsion technology has advantages such as wide range of working medium selection, simple energy source, high specific impulse, excellent working performance, good controllability and various structures, which makes it have wide application potential in related fields such as future scientific research, space and transportation, and civil industry.

[0004] The similar ion propulsion technology has been developed for many years, and the relatively mature application products include ion thrusters and Hall thrusters. Among them, the Hall thruster is slightly inferior to the ion thruster in specific impulse and efficiency, and the ion thruster also has low power consumption but high ionization efficiency, small size and longer durability than the Hall thruster, so it is more suitable for small satellites to provide power.

[0005] The plasma thruster belongs to the ion thruster, and is especially suitable for use in the low air resistance state of the space environment. Compared with the short-time huge burst energy of chemical fuel, the small thrust of the electromagnetic thruster is more conducive to fine operation; the thruster can make the satellite obtain a large speed after long-time work. The research on this type of thruster is still ongoing. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to provide a plasma electromagnetic thruster, which has a scientific structure design, uses ultra-high voltage electricity to instantaneously ionize matter into plasma as a propellant, realizes large-current breakdown of air, water vapor and other media, forms a loop in the thruster, and under the action of the magnetic field, the plasma is subjected to the action of the Lorentz force to accelerate the plasma in the positive direction, thereby achieving propulsion.

[0007] The plasma electromagnetic thruster comprises an upper clamping plate, a lower clamping plate and a box body.

[0008] The box body is made of insulating material, and the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate are respectively installed on the top surface and the bottom surface of the box body.

[0009] The middle part of the box is provided with a plasma acceleration channel along the longitudinal direction, and two ports of the plasma acceleration channel are respectively arranged on the left and right end faces of the box; a plurality of groups of electrode sheets are uniformly arranged on the front and back sides of the plasma acceleration channel in the box, and the electrode sheets on the left and right sides are one-to-one corresponding;

[0010] Each group of electrode sheets is connected with an electrode rod in the vertical direction; the upper end of the electrode rod passes through the top surface of the box and penetrates through the upper clamping plate and is located above the top surface of the upper clamping plate; the lower end of the electrode rod passes through the bottom surface of the box and penetrates through the lower clamping plate and is located above the bottom surface of the lower clamping plate;

[0011] Permanent magnets are respectively arranged on the bottom surface of the upper clamping plate and the top surface of the lower clamping plate.

[0012] The box is a rectangular body.

[0013] Three to five groups of electrode sheet grooves are uniformly arranged on the front and back sides of the plasma acceleration channel in the box, and each group of electrode sheets is arranged in the electrode sheet groove.

[0014] The electrode sheet groove is provided with an opening on the side surface of the plasma acceleration channel; one side surface of the corresponding electrode sheet is located in the opening and flush with the opening.

[0015] The electrode sheet is an iron sheet.

[0016] The electrode rod is a screw rod, and the upper clamping plate, the lower clamping plate, the box and the electrode sheet are provided with screw holes corresponding to the electrode rods; the electrode rod is screwed into the corresponding screw holes of the upper clamping plate, the lower clamping plate, the box and the electrode sheet, and the upper and lower ends of the electrode rod are respectively fixed by butterfly nuts.

[0017] One to four groups of nuts are arranged on the electrode rod between the bottom surface of the upper clamping plate and the top surface of the box and between the top surface of the lower clamping plate and the bottom surface of the box, and the distance between the upper clamping plate, the lower clamping plate and the box is set by the nuts.

[0018] A plurality of groups of permanent magnets are arranged corresponding to the electrode sheets, each group of permanent magnets is arranged corresponding to the position of each group of electrode sheets in the plasma acceleration channel, and the permanent magnets are separated by magnetic separation materials.

[0019] The working principle of the application is as follows:

[0020] The ionized propellant enters from the left end face or the right end face of the box body, and is instantaneously ionized into plasma by using super high voltage electricity between the corresponding electrode sheets in the box body, as a propellant, realizing the breakdown of air, water vapor and other media by large current, forming a loop in the thruster; the electrode sheet can observe the electric arc; after the flame, air is ionized, a large amount of directional moving plasma is generated under the action of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, and the plasma is accelerated under the action of the Lorentz force, and is sprayed out of the opening in the other end face of the box body along the plasma acceleration channel, forming thrust, and the greater the current and the magnetic flux, the greater the propulsive force.

[0021] Thrust=magnetic flux * charge mobility * charge migration amount * electrode spacing / time

[0022] The structure design of the application is scientific, the plasma moves directionally in the electric field on both sides, and moves quickly under the combined thrust of the Ampere force and the Lorentz force under the action of the magnetic field, so as to generate propulsive force, so that the satellite receives the reaction force to obtain the power of advancing and changing the posture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Fig. 1 The structure schematic view of the plasma electromagnetic thruster provided for the embodiment is shown in the figure;

[0024] Fig. 2 The structure schematic view of the upper clamping plate of the new type of plasma electromagnetic thruster of the embodiment after removing the front plate is shown in the figure;

[0025] Fig. 3 The internal structure schematic view of the box body of the embodiment 1 after removing the upper cover is shown in the figure;

[0026] The serial numbers and names in the figure are as follows:

[0027] 1-upper clamping plate, 2-lower clamping plate, 3-box body, 4-plasma acceleration channel, 5-electrode sheet, 6-electrode rod, 7-electrode sheet groove, 8-opening, 9-butterfly nut, 10-nut, and 11-permanent magnet DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The application will be specifically described below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. Embodiment 1

[0029] As shown in the figure, Figs. 1-3

[0030] The plasma electromagnetic thruster comprises an upper clamping plate 1, a lower clamping plate 2 and a box body 3.

[0031] The box body 3 is made of insulating material and is a rectangular body; the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2 are respectively installed on the top surface and the bottom surface of the box body 3.

[0032] ​The middle part of the box body 3 is provided with a plasma acceleration channel 4 along the longitudinal direction, and the two ends of the plasma acceleration channel 4 are respectively arranged on the left and right end faces of the box body 3; four groups of electrode sheets 5 are uniformly arranged on the front and rear sides of the plasma acceleration channel 4 in the box body 3, and the electrode sheets 5 on the left and right sides correspond one by one; the electrode sheet slot 7 is provided with an opening 8 on the side face of the plasma acceleration channel 4; one side face of the corresponding electrode sheet 5 is located in the opening 8 and flush with the opening 8; the electrode sheet 5 is an iron sheet;

[0033] Each group of electrode sheets is connected with an electrode rod 6 in the vertical direction; the upper end of the electrode rod 6 passes through the top face of the box body 3 and then passes through the upper clamping plate 1 and is located above the top face of the upper clamping plate 1; the lower end of the electrode rod 6 passes through the bottom face of the box body 3 and then passes through the lower clamping plate 2 and is located above the bottom face of the lower clamping plate 2;

[0034] Permanent magnets 11 are respectively arranged on the bottom face of the upper clamping plate 1 and the top face of the lower clamping plate 2, and the permanent magnets 11 correspond to the electrode sheets 5 and are arranged in four groups, each group of permanent magnets 11 is arranged in the position of the plasma acceleration channel 4 corresponding to each group of electrode sheets 5, and the permanent magnets 11 are separated by magnetic separation materials.

[0035] The electrode rod 6 is a screw rod, and the upper clamping plate 1, the lower clamping plate 2, the box body 3 and the electrode sheet 5 are respectively provided with screw holes corresponding to the electrode rod 6, the electrode rod 6 is screwed into the corresponding screw holes of the upper clamping plate 1, the lower clamping plate 2, the box body 3 and the electrode sheet 5, and the upper and lower ends of the electrode rod 6 are respectively fixed by butterfly nuts 9.

[0036] One to three groups of nuts 10 are arranged on the electrode rod 6 between the bottom face of the upper clamping plate 1 and the top face of the box body 3, and between the top face of the lower clamping plate 2 and the bottom face of the box body 3, and the distance between the upper clamping plate 1, the lower clamping plate 2 and the box body 3 is set by the nuts 10.

Claims

1. A plasma electromagnetic thruster, comprising an upper clamping plate (1), a lower clamping plate (2), and a housing (3), characterized in that: The box body (3) is made of insulating material, and the upper clamping plate (1) and the lower clamping plate (2) are respectively installed on the top and bottom surfaces of the box body (3); The box (3) has a plasma acceleration channel (4) in the middle along its longitudinal direction. The two ends of the plasma acceleration channel (4) are respectively located on the left and right end faces of the box (3). Inside the box (3), one or more sets of electrode plates (5) are evenly spaced on the front and back sides of the plasma acceleration channel (4), and each set of electrode plates on the left and right sides corresponds to the other. Each set of electrode plates is connected to a vertical electrode rod (6); the upper end of the electrode rod (6) passes through the top surface of the box (3) and then through the upper clamping plate (1), and is located above the top surface of the upper clamping plate (1); the lower end of the electrode rod (6) passes through the bottom surface of the box (3) and then through the lower clamping plate (2), and is located above the bottom surface of the lower clamping plate (2). Permanent magnets (11) are respectively installed on the bottom surface of the upper clamping plate (1) and the top surface of the lower clamping plate (2). The electrode rod (6) is a screw rod. The upper clamping plate (1), lower clamping plate (2), box body (3), and electrode plate (5) are provided with screw holes corresponding to each electrode rod (6). The electrode rod (6) is screwed into the corresponding screw holes on the upper clamping plate (1), lower clamping plate (2), box body (3), and electrode plate (5). The upper and lower ends of the electrode rod (6) are fixed by butterfly nuts (9). One to four sets of nuts (10) are mounted on the electrode rod (6) located between the bottom surface of the upper clamping plate (1) and the top surface of the box body (3), and between the top surface of the lower clamping plate (2) and the bottom surface of the box body (3). The distance between the upper clamping plate (1), the lower clamping plate (2) and the box body (3) is set by these nuts (10).

2. The plasma electromagnetic thruster as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The box (3) is a rectangular body.

3. The plasma electromagnetic thruster as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The box body (3) is provided with 3-5 sets of electrode slots (7) evenly spaced on the front and back sides of the plasma acceleration channel (4), and each set of electrode plates (5) is located in the electrode slot (7).

4. The plasma electromagnetic thruster as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The electrode slot (7) is provided with an opening (8) on the side of the plasma acceleration channel (4); one side of the corresponding electrode (5) is located in the opening (8) and is flush with the opening (8).

5. The plasma electromagnetic thruster as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode sheet (5) is an iron sheet.

6. The plasma electromagnetic thruster as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent magnet (11) is provided with one or more sets of electrode plates (5). The permanent magnet (11) is provided with plasma acceleration channels (4) corresponding to the positions of each set of electrode plates (5). The permanent magnets (11) are separated by magnetic shielding materials.

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