Method for processing particulate material in a fluidization apparatus

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for processing particulate material (M) in a fluidization device (1).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for processing particulate materials in a fluidization apparatus having a fluidization unit with a longitudinal axis, the fluidization unit having a perforated inlet bottom plate dividing the fluidization unit into a distribution chamber and a fluidization chamber arranged above the distribution chamber, wherein the fluidization chamber includes a material inlet for the material to be processed and the distribution chamber includes a material discharge section having a material outlet having upper and lower edges for the processed material, the fluidization unit also having a shut-off device for closing the material discharge section, and wherein the distribution chamber includes a fluid inlet and the fluidization chamber includes a fluid outlet, the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet being for process gas, the process gas causing the material flowing from the fluid inlet through the perforated inlet bottom plate to the fluid outlet to fluidize in the fluidization chamber, wherein, in operation, the fluidization chamber is first filled with the material to be processed via the material inlet and then the material is processed by the process gas flowing through the fluidization chamber. Background Technology

[0002] Fluidization equipment, especially eddy layer equipment, for processing particulate materials is well known.

[0003] EP 2611531A1 discloses a fluidized bed apparatus for processing particulate materials, comprising: a cavity surrounding a distribution chamber, a perforated inlet bottom plate disposed above the distribution chamber, an inlet and an outlet for process gases, and a discharge opening having upper and lower edges and defining a height and an opening surface, wherein the inlet bottom plate is positioned above the lower edge of the discharge opening such that the opening surface of the discharge opening is divided into an opening surface below the inlet bottom plate and an opening surface above the inlet bottom plate.

[0004] The disadvantage of this approach is that when discharging particulate material through the discharge opening, the process gas forms a curtain as it flows from the distribution chamber around the inlet bottom plate into the fluidization chamber. This curtain at least partially restricts the discharge of particulate material and simultaneously reduces the evacuation velocity of the particulate material from the fluidization unit. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the objective of this invention is to further improve the evacuation speed of the evacuation fluidization device on the one hand, and to eliminate the shortcomings of the prior art on the other hand.

[0006] Furthermore, this task is solved by a method of the type described at the beginning, wherein the distribution chamber includes a retaining plate (Steg) that extends at least partially in the circumferential direction in a region arranged on the surface of the material outlet, and an inlet bottom plate that is movably arranged relative to the fluidization unit after operation is moved to an empty position, such that the inlet bottom plate is arranged on the retaining plate in the empty position, thereby forming a fluid connection between the material outlet arranged in the distribution chamber and the fluidization chamber through the inlet bottom plate, and the processed material is discharged from the fluidization unit through the material outlet, wherein, in the empty position of the inlet bottom plate, a shut-off device releases the material discharge section.

[0007] The advantage of this design is that the receiving plate (on which the inlet bottom plate is arranged) prevents the process gas flow from flowing around the inlet bottom plate in the area of ​​the material outlet surface, thereby forming a "process gas curtain" that restricts or completely prevents the discharge of the treated material. In addition, the receiving plate prevents the material treated in the fluidization chamber from falling into the distribution chamber during discharge through the gap created between the inlet bottom plate and the inner wall of the distribution chamber.

[0008] A further advantage is that the particulate material can be discharged via the material discharge section after processing through the relative motion between the inlet bottom plate and the fluidization unit. This relative motion can be implemented in a manner and method that allows the material after process gas-assisted treatment to be discharged via the material discharge section.

[0009] According to an advantageous design of this method, the fluidization unit has a pivot axis transverse to the longitudinal axis of the fluidization unit, and the inlet bottom plate is pivotally arranged on the pivot axis and is pivoted about the pivot axis after processing particulate material, suitably by 5° to 10°. This embodiment achieves simple relative movement in the form of pivoting motion about the pivot axis. This preferably releases the material outlet in the distribution chamber of the material discharge section for emptying the material processed in the fluidization chamber, and facilitates discharge through the inclined position of the inlet bottom plate. Furthermore, the inlet bottom plate preferably pivots about the pivot axis at an angle between 0° and 60°, suitably by 5° to 10°. Through the pivoting motion, a substantially sickle-shaped or annular gap is formed between the inlet bottom plate and the distribution chamber and / or the fluidization chamber, which must not be too large, because otherwise, the processed material may still enter the distributor chamber even though the process gas flows through this gap during the emptying state. The process gas is suitably sealed in a vented state – in locations where no connection plate is installed – to seal the gap.

[0010] According to a similarly advantageous design of this method, the inlet base plate is movably arranged along the axial direction of the longitudinal axis and is moved linearly along the axial direction of the longitudinal axis, suitably until the inlet base plate is positioned below the lower edge of the material outlet. Preferably, the inlet base plate is moved along the axial direction of the longitudinal axis. With this alternative design, the material outlet is opened for better venting after processing granular materials.

[0011] Particularly preferably, the inflow base plate undergoes both pivoting and linear motion when brought into the venting position. In this case, the inflow base plate is pivoted on one hand by means of pivoting motion about a pivot axis, and on the other hand, it is moved in the form of linear motion along the axial direction of the longitudinal axis. The pivoting motion and linear motion can be performed sequentially or simultaneously in any order. This allows the advantages of both pivoting motion and linear motion to be utilized.

[0012] According to an additional advantageous design of this method, the inlet base plate is moved relative to the fluidizing unit to the venting position, such that at least a portion of the inlet base plate is positioned below the lower edge of the material outlet. Accordingly, the inlet base plate is moved relative to the fluidizing unit to the venting position, such that the inlet base plate is positioned below the lower edge of the material outlet. Alternatively, the upper edge or upper side of the inlet base plate is arranged flush with the lower edge of the material outlet. In both cases, the material outlet surface is maximized, thereby enabling efficient and rapid venting of the processed material.

[0013] According to an additional advantageous improvement of this method, the material discharge section has a shut-off device that releases the material discharge section once the inlet surface is in the emptied position. Preferably, the shut-off device releases the material discharge section once at least a portion of the inlet bottom plate is positioned below the lower edge of the material outlet. This maximizes the opening of the material outlet surface, allowing the material processed in the fluidization chamber of the fluidization unit to be discharged from the fluidization unit of the fluidization apparatus efficiently and time-savingly.

[0014] According to a further advantageous improvement of the method, particularly the material discharge section configured as a vent pipe is equipped with a fluid interface for providing auxiliary gas. This fluid interface includes a fluid interface outlet, wherein, at least when the shut-off device releases the material discharge section to facilitate the discharge of the processed material, the auxiliary gas flows into the material discharge section via the fluid interface outlet. The fluid interface enables the supply of fluid, suitable auxiliary gas, or assisting gas to the material discharge section to facilitate and improve the discharge of the processed material. Preferably, the auxiliary gas corresponds to the process gas. More preferably, the auxiliary gas is branched off from the process gas and is recirculated back to the process gas after material discharge.

[0015] Particularly preferred is that the fluid interface outlet, particularly a portion of the perforated cover or borehole, is configured such that the auxiliary gas has an outflow direction toward the discharge of the treated material. This particularly preferred improvement further facilitates the discharge of the treated material.

[0016] The fluidization apparatus and its preferred and advantageous designs are described in detail below. A fluidization apparatus for processing granular materials has a fluidization unit with a longitudinal axis. The fluidization unit has a perforated inlet bottom plate that divides the fluidization unit into a distribution chamber and a fluidization chamber arranged above the distribution chamber. The fluidization chamber includes a material inlet for the material to be processed, and the distribution chamber includes a material discharge section with a material outlet for the processed material. The material outlet has a material outlet surface, a lower edge, and an upper edge. The fluidization unit also has a shut-off device to close the material discharge section. The distribution chamber includes a fluid inlet, and the fluidization chamber includes a fluid outlet. The fluid inlet and fluid outlet are for process gas, which flows from the fluid inlet through the perforated inlet... Material flowing from the inlet bottom plate of the orifice to the fluid outlet is fluidized in the fluidization chamber, wherein the distribution chamber includes a receiving plate that extends at least partially in the circumferential direction in a region arranged on the surface of the material outlet, and the inlet bottom plate is movably arranged relative to the fluidization unit, wherein the inlet bottom plate can be carried into the venting position by the movement of the inlet bottom plate relative to the fluidization unit, wherein the inlet bottom plate is arranged on the receiving plate in the venting state, thereby forming a fluid connection between the material outlet arranged in the distribution chamber and the fluidization chamber through the inlet bottom plate for discharging the processed material from the fluidization unit, and wherein, in the venting state, the material discharge section is released by the shut-off device in the venting position of the inlet bottom plate.

[0017] The advantage of this design is that the receiving plate (on which the inlet bottom plate is arranged) prevents the process gas flow from flowing around the inlet bottom plate in the area of ​​the material outlet surface, thereby forming a "process gas curtain" that restricts or completely prevents the discharge of the treated material. In addition, the receiving plate prevents the material treated in the fluidization chamber from falling into the distribution chamber during discharge through the gap created between the inlet bottom plate and the inner wall of the distribution chamber.

[0018] Advantageously, the particulate material can be emptied via the material discharge section after processing by the relative motion between the inlet bottom plate and the fluidization unit. This relative motion can be implemented in a manner and method in which process gas assists in the emptying of the processed material via the material discharge section.

[0019] In one advantageous design of the fluidizing device, the inlet bottom plate is preferably positioned above the upper edge of the material outlet in the operating position. If the inlet bottom plate is in the operating position, the fluidizing device is in operation. Therefore, in the operating position, material can be processed in the fluidizing chamber without material discharge via the material outlet.

[0020] In the vented position, the inlet base plate is preferably positioned at least partially below the upper edge of the material outlet by means of movement of the inlet base plate relative to the fluidizing unit. If the inlet base plate is in the vented position, the fluidizing device is in a vented state.

[0021] According to a particularly advantageous improvement of the fluidization equipment, the upper side of the receiving plate is tangentially arranged on the material outlet surface of the material outlet or arranged below the material outlet in the opposite direction to the flow direction of the process gas. This arrangement of the receiving plate in the distribution chamber significantly improves the discharge of processed material from the fluidization unit, particularly from the fluidization chamber. In this respect, it is suitable that the upper side of the receiving plate is tangentially arranged on the lower edge of the material outlet surface of the material outlet. This design is particularly advantageous because it allows the processed material to be discharged from the fluidization unit without obstruction.

[0022] Furthermore, the connecting plate is preferably constructed in a sickle shape. Especially crescent-shaped ( The fluidization chamber is either crescent-shaped or annular. This minimizes the impact on the process gas flow, allowing the material to be processed to maintain good fluidization performance in the fluidization chamber at the operating position.

[0023] According to an advantageous design of the fluidization apparatus, the fluidization unit has a pivot axis running transversely to the longitudinal axis of the fluidization unit, and the inlet bottom plate is pivotally arranged on the pivot axis. Suitablely, the pivot axis runs perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the center of the fluidization unit. This embodiment achieves simple relative movement in the form of pivoting motion about the pivot axis. This releases the material outlet in the distribution chamber of the material discharge section for emptying the material processed in the fluidization chamber, and facilitates discharge through the inclined position of the inlet bottom plate—even in the case of liquid. Furthermore, the inlet bottom plate preferably pivots about the pivot axis at an angle between 0° and 60°, suitablely between 5° and 10°. Through the pivoting motion, a substantially annular or sickle-shaped gap is formed between the inlet bottom plate and the distribution chamber and / or the fluidization chamber, which must not be too large, because otherwise, the processed material could still enter the distribution chamber even when the process gas flows through the gap in the emptied state. In principle, the gap is sealed by the process gas. In the material outlet area, the fluidization unit, particularly the distribution chamber, has no gaps due to the connecting plate extending at least partially in the circumferential direction. The inlet bottom plate pivots about a pivot axis and is arranged on the connecting plate.

[0024] In a further advantageous alternative design of the fluidization apparatus, the inlet bottom plate is arranged to be movable along the axial direction of the longitudinal axis. The inlet bottom plate is moved linearly along the axial direction of the longitudinal axis. Suitably, the inlet bottom plate is moved until its upper side is flush with its lower edge or positioned below the lower edge. Preferably, the inlet bottom plate is arranged to be movable along the axial direction of the longitudinal axis. With this alternative design, the material outlet is opened for better venting after processing granular materials.

[0025] Furthermore, advantageously, the fluidizing unit has a pivot shaft that runs transversely to the longitudinal axis of the fluidizing unit and is movable along the axial direction of the longitudinal axis, on which the inlet bottom plate is pivotally arranged. This design of the fluidizing device combines the advantages of two preferred alternative designs for fluidizing devices: pivotal motion and linear motion. Moreover, the gap formed between the fluidizing unit and the inlet bottom plate—in locations where no connecting plate is arranged—is small.

[0026] According to an additional advantageous design of the fluidizing apparatus, the inlet bottom plate, particularly its upper side, is positioned, at least partially, below the lower edge of the material outlet in the emptying position by the movement of the inlet bottom plate relative to the fluidizing unit. Particularly preferred is that the inlet bottom plate, particularly its upper side, is positioned below the lower edge of the material outlet in the emptying position by the movement of the inlet bottom plate relative to the fluidizing unit. This maximizes the opening of the material outlet surface, thereby enabling efficient and rapid emptying of the processed material.

[0027] Advantageously, particularly the material discharge section configured as a vent pipe, is equipped with a fluid interface including a fluid outlet for supplying auxiliary gas. The fluid interface enables the delivery of fluid, suitable auxiliary gas, or assisting gas to the material discharge section to facilitate and improve the discharge of the processed material. Preferably, the auxiliary gas corresponds to the process gas. More preferably, the auxiliary gas is branched off from the process gas and is recirculated back to the process gas after material discharge.

[0028] In this respect, according to an improvement of the fluidization equipment, the material discharge section has an insert base plate that divides the material discharge section into a material channel for outputting the processed material from the fluidization unit and a fluid channel for guiding auxiliary gas. A fluid interface outlet is arranged in the insert base plate so that the auxiliary gas can overflow from the fluid channel. This leads to the material channel. This provides a particularly simple and space-saving design for introducing auxiliary gases, especially auxiliary air.

[0029] Preferably, the fluid interface outlet has a perforated cover or is formed by a drilled hole inserted into the base plate. The perforated cover or appropriately designed drilled hole prevents the processed material to be discharged from the fluidization unit from falling into the fluid interface and clogging it. Particularly preferably, the fluid interface outlet, especially a portion of the perforated cover or drilled hole, is configured such that the auxiliary gas has an outflow direction toward the discharge of the processed material. This particularly preferred improvement further facilitates the discharge of the processed material.

[0030] Suitablely, the fluid interface outlet is located in the area of ​​the material outlet surface. This ensures that the auxiliary gas directly promotes and / or assists the unloading of the processed material after it has been processed, following the material outlet. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Preferably, the method is operated in the fluidization apparatus described above.

[0032] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0033] Figure 1 A top view showing a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a fluidization device in its operating position, having a cross-sectional plane AA, is shown.

[0034] Figure 2 It shows along Figure 1 The cross-section AA shown is a cross-section through a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the fluidizing device in the operating position, having an inlet bottom plate arranged on a pivot axis in a horizontal position.

[0035] Figure 3 It shows along Figure 1 The cross-sectional plane AA shown is a cross-section through a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the fluidizing device 3 in the emptied position, and has an inlet bottom plate arranged on a pivot axis in a position after pivoting about the pivot axis at an angle α.

[0036] Figure 4 A top view showing a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the fluidization device in the venting position is shown.

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the projection of the inner side of the distribution chamber of a first embodiment of a fluidizing device in an emptied position is shown, the inner side including a receiving plate and a material outlet.

[0038] Figure 6 A top view showing a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the fluidization device in its operating position, having a cross-sectional plane AA, is shown.

[0039] Figure 7 It shows along Figure 6The cross-sectional plane AA shown is a cross-section through a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the fluidizing device in its operating position, and has an inlet bottom plate arranged in a horizontal position in plane ZZ.

[0040] Figure 8 It shows along Figure 6 The cross-sectional plane AA shown is a cross-section through a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the fluidizing device in the venting position, and has an inlet bottom plate arranged in a horizontal position in plane Z'-Z'.

[0041] Figure 9 It shows Figure 8 The enlarged view of truncated A shown in the figure.

[0042] Figure 10 A top view showing a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the fluidization device in its operating position, having a cross-sectional plane AA, is shown.

[0043] Figure 11 It shows along Figure 10 The cross-sectional plane AA passes through the cross-section of a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the fluidizing device in the operating position, and has an inlet bottom plate arranged in a horizontal position in plane ZZ.

[0044] Figure 12 It shows along Figure 10 The cross-sectional plane AA passes through the cross-section of a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the fluidizing device in the venting position, wherein the inlet bottom plate is pushed into the plane Z'-Z' along the axial direction of the longitudinal axis XX and pivoted about the pivot axis at an angle α.

[0045] Figure 13 A top view showing a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of a fluidization device in its operating position, having a cross-sectional plane AA, is shown.

[0046] Figure 14 It shows along Figure 13 The cross-sectional plane AA passes through the schematic cross-section of the fourth embodiment of the fluidization device in the operating position, and has an inlet bottom plate arranged in a horizontal position in plane ZZ and a material discharge section including an insertion bottom plate.

[0047] Figure 15 It shows along Figure 13 The cross-sectional plane AA shown is a cross-section through a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the fluidizing device 3 in the emptied position, and has an inlet bottom plate arranged on a pivot axis in a position after pivoting about the pivot axis at an angle α.

[0048] Figure 16 A top view showing a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the fluidization device in the venting position is shown.

[0049] Figure 17 A schematic diagram showing a projection of the inner side of the distribution chamber of a fourth embodiment of the fluidization device in the emptied position is illustrated, the inner side including a receiving plate and a material outlet.

[0050] Figure 18 A top view showing a schematic diagram of a fifth embodiment of a fluidization device in its operating position, having a cross-sectional plane AA, and

[0051] Figure 19 It shows along Figure 18 The cross-section AA shown is a cross-section through a schematic diagram of the fifth embodiment of the fluidizing device in the emptied position, having an inlet bottom plate arranged on a pivot axis in a position after pivoting about the pivot axis at an angle α.

[0052] Unless otherwise stated, the following description relates to all embodiments of the fluidization apparatus 1 shown in the figures for processing particulate material M. Detailed Implementation

[0053] Figure 1 A top view showing a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a fluidization device 1 configured as a vortex layer device 2 is shown, having a cross-sectional plane AA. The fluidization device 1 includes a fluidization unit 3 having a central longitudinal axis XX, and an exhaust pipe 4 arranged on the fluidization unit, the exhaust pipe having a central axis YY perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX. The central axis YY and the longitudinal axis XX extend across the cross-sectional plane AA. The fluidization device 1 is in operation.

[0054] Figure 2 The middle shows along Figure 1 The cross-section AA shown is a cross section through a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a fluidization device 1 configured as a vortex layer 2 in the operating position.

[0055] The fluidization unit 3 includes a perforated inlet plate 7, which divides the fluidization unit 3 into a distribution chamber 5 and a fluidization chamber 6 arranged above the distribution chamber 5. In the operating position, the inlet plate 7 lies within a plane ZZ perpendicular to the cross-sectional plane AA, such that the material M to be processed in the operating position is arranged above the inlet plate 7 in the fluidization chamber 6. If the inlet plate 7 is in the operating position, the fluidization device 1 is in operation.

[0056] The fluidizing unit 3 of the fluidizing device 1, which is configured as a vortex layer device 2, is constructed with rotational symmetry about the central longitudinal axis XX. Other geometries, such as rectangles, and especially squares, are implemented in other embodiments not shown.

[0057] exist Figure 2In the embodiment shown, the dispensing chamber 5 has a cylindrical shape and a constant inner diameter 9 at a height 8. The dispensing chamber 5 has dispensing chamber walls 10 that are radially spaced apart relative to the longitudinal axis XX. The dispensing chamber walls 10 have an inner surface referred to as the inner wall 11 and an outer surface referred to as the outer wall 12.

[0058] In the illustrated embodiment, the fluidizing chamber 6 is also constructed as a cylinder, wherein, unlike the distribution chamber 5, the fluidizing chamber 6 has a conical shape and an inner diameter 14 that increases from bottom to top along the fluidizing chamber height 13. The fluidizing chamber 6 has fluidizing chamber walls 15 that are radially spaced apart relative to the longitudinal axis XX. The fluidizing chamber walls 15 have an inner surface referred to as the inner fluidizing chamber wall 16 and an outer surface referred to as the outer fluidizing chamber wall 17.

[0059] Furthermore, the fluidization chamber 6 includes a material inlet 18 for the material M to be processed, and the distribution chamber 5 includes a material discharge section 19 for the processed material M'. The material discharge section 19 is specifically configured as a discharge pipe 4 having a discharge pipe wall 20, in which... Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the materials are arranged symmetrically in the distribution chamber wall 10, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX of the fluidization unit 3 and about the central axis YY. In this case, the material outlet 21 of the material discharge section 19 is arranged such that the material outlet 21 is flush with the inner wall 11 during distribution. The material outlet 21 has a material outlet surface 22 and upper and lower edges 23a and 23b for discharging the processed material M' in the fluidization chamber 6.

[0060] The material outlet 21 of the material discharge section 19 has a shut-off device 24. The shut-off device 24 is closed in the operating position of the inlet bottom plate 7. The shut-off device 24 is suitably configured as a flap 26 that can pivot about a pivot axis 25. Therefore, the material discharge section 19 of the fluidization unit 3 of the fluidization device 1 is closed in the operating state. In addition, the shut-off device 24 can be arranged in other positions in the material discharge section 19, which is configured as a drain pipe 4, along the central axis YY direction.

[0061] Furthermore, the distribution chamber 5 has a fluid inlet 27 and the fluidization chamber 6 has a fluid outlet 28. Figure 2In the operating position shown, the perforated inlet plate 7 is arranged horizontally in plane ZZ, wherein the process gas PG enters the fluidization unit 3 through the fluid inlet 27 and flows from the fluid inlet 27 through the perforated inlet plate 7 to the fluid outlet 28, where it exits the fluidization unit 3. The perforated inlet plate 7 suitably has a through-hole (not shown) for the process gas PG, which generates a pressure loss during flow. In the operating state, i.e., in the operating position of the inlet plate 7, the process gas PG fluidizes the material M to be processed in the fluidization chamber 6.

[0062] The inflow base plate 7 is movably arranged within the fluidizing unit 3 relative to the fluidizing unit 3. Figure 2 In the embodiment of the fluidizing device 1 shown, the fluidizing unit 3 has a pivot shaft 29 that runs transversely to the longitudinal axis XX of the fluidizing unit 3, and the inlet base plate 7 is pivotally arranged on the pivot shaft. In the first embodiment of the fluidizing device 1 shown, the pivot shaft 29 is suitably perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX of the fluidizing unit 3 and perpendicular to the central axis YY of the drain pipe 4. Figure 2 In the operating state of the fluidization apparatus 1 shown, the inlet bottom plate 7 is arranged above the upper edge 23b. This ensures that during the treatment of particulate material M by process gas PG in the fluidization chamber 6, no material M is discharged from the fluidization unit 3 of the fluidization apparatus 1.

[0063] Furthermore, the dispensing chamber 5 has a receiving plate 30 that extends at least partially in the circumferential direction in the area of ​​the material outlet surface 22. The upper side surface 31 of the receiving plate 30 is tangentially arranged on the material outlet surface 22 of the material outlet 21. Suitably, the upper side surface 31 of the receiving plate 30 is tangentially arranged on the lower edge 23a of the material outlet surface 22 of the material outlet 22. In this case, the receiving plate 30 is configured in a sickle shape, particularly a crescent shape.

[0064] Figure 3 The fluidization apparatus 1, configured as a vortex layer device 2, is shown in an emptied state. After the particulate material M is processed in the vortex layer device 2, the processed material M' is discharged from the fluidization apparatus 1 through the material channel 42 in an emptied state. For this purpose, the inlet bottom plate 7, which can be brought into the emptied position, moves relative to the fluidization unit 3 in a pivotal motion, such that it is pivotally positioned in the fluidization unit 3 about the pivot axis 29 in the emptied position. If the inlet bottom plate 7 is in the emptied position, the fluidization apparatus 1 is in an emptied state.

[0065] In the vented position, the inlet base plate 7 pivots about the pivot axis 29 at an angle α, such that the inlet base plate 7 is positioned on the receiving plate 30. This creates a fluid connection between the material outlet 22 in the distribution chamber 5 and the fluidization chamber 6 via the inlet base plate 7, allowing the treated material to be discharged from the fluidization unit 3. Suitably, the inlet base plate 7 is pivoted at an angle of 5° to 10°. This causes the treated material M' to flow towards the material outlet. The discharge of the treated material M' is assisted by process gas PG, which also flows from the fluid inlet 27 through the fluidization unit 3 of the fluidization device 1 to the fluid outlet 28 in the vented state.

[0066] Once the inlet bottom plate 7 is positioned on the receiving plate 30 in the emptied state, the shut-off device 24 releases the material discharge section 19. Then, the material M' processed in the fluidization unit 3 is discharged. Preferably, the shut-off device 24 is opened as wide as possible in the emptied state, maximizing the material outlet surface 22 of the material outlet 21, thereby further facilitating better discharge of the processed material M'.

[0067] In the vented state, due to the pivoting motion of the inlet bottom plate 7, which pivots about pivot axis 29, a gap 32 is formed between the inlet bottom plate 7 and the fluidization unit 3, particularly between the inlet bottom plate 7 and the inner wall 11 and / or the inner wall 16 of the distribution chamber. This gap extends substantially around the entire periphery of the inlet bottom plate 7. The width of the gap formed in this case varies. In the vented state, the process gas PG flows through the gap 32, ensuring that the processed material M' does not reach or fall into the distribution chamber 5 when discharged from the fluidization chamber 6.

[0068] In the area of ​​material outlet 21, the receiving plate 30 prevents the material M' to be unloaded from reaching or falling, and on the other hand, the receiving plate 30 (on which the inlet bottom plate 7 is arranged) prevents the process gas flow from flowing around the inlet bottom plate 7 in the area of ​​material outlet surface 22 and thereby forming a "process gas curtain" that restricts or completely prevents the unloading of the processed material.

[0069] Figure 4 The corresponding to Figure 1 A top view of a first embodiment of the fluidization apparatus 1 is shown, wherein the fluidization apparatus 1 is in a vented state. In this case, the inlet base plate 7 is arranged on the receiving plate 30 in a position pivoted about the pivot axis 29 at an angle α, thereby forming a gap 32 with varying gap width between the inlet base plate 7 and the fluidization unit 3, particularly the inner wall 11 of the distribution chamber and / or the inner wall 16 of the fluidization chamber. During the venting process, the process gas PG flows through the gap 32, so that the processed material M' does not reach the distribution chamber 5.

[0070] A receiving plate 30, arranged in the dispensing chamber 5, extends circumferentially in the region of the material outlet surface 22. The upper side 31 of the receiving plate 30 is tangentially arranged on the lower edge 23a of the material outlet surface 22. In this case, the receiving plate 30 is configured in a sickle shape, particularly a crescent shape. The receiving plate 30 has an angle β of 160°. In other embodiments not shown here, the receiving plate 30 preferably has an angle β of 5° to 180°, more preferably 10° to 60°.

[0071] Figure 5 A schematic projection of the inner wall 11 of the dispensing chamber of a first embodiment of the fluidizing device 1 in the emptied position is shown. This inner wall includes a receiving plate 30 and a material outlet 21. (As already shown...) Figure 4 As described, the upper side 31 of the receiving plate 30 is tangentially arranged on the lower edge 23a of the material outlet surface 22 of the material outlet 21. The material outlet surface 22 is thus opened to its maximum extent. Figure 5 The shut-off device 24 (not shown) releases the material discharge section 19 in the emptied position, allowing the processed material M' to be efficiently discharged from the fluidization chamber 6 via the fully opened material outlet surface 22 of the fluidization unit 3. The projection view includes a sickle-shaped receiving plate 30, wherein the receiving plate 30 has an angle β of approximately 160°.

[0072] Figure 6 Corresponding to Figure 1 A top view showing a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a fluidization device 1 configured as a vortex layer device 2 is shown, having a cross-sectional plane AA. The fluidization device 1 includes a fluidization unit 3 having a central longitudinal axis XX, and an exhaust pipe 4 arranged on the fluidization unit. The exhaust pipe has a central axis YY perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX. The central axis YY and the longitudinal axis XX extend across the cross-sectional plane AA. The fluidization device 1 is in operation.

[0073] Figure 7 The middle shows along Figure 6 The cross-sectional plane AA passes through the cross-section of the second embodiment of the fluidization device 1 in operation. The inlet bottom plate 7 is located in a plane ZZ perpendicular to the cross-sectional plane AA in the operating position, such that the material M to be processed is arranged above the inlet bottom plate 7 in the fluidization chamber 6 in the operating state and can be fluidized and processed there.

[0074] In addition, the second embodiment of the fluidization device 1 is constructed in essentially the same way as the first embodiment of the fluidization device 1. The difference between the two embodiments lies in the technical implementation of the relative movement between the fluidization unit 3 and the inlet base plate 7. Instead of the pivoting movement as in the first embodiment, the inlet base plate 7 performs a linear movement along the axial direction 33 of the longitudinal axis XX in the second embodiment. The inlet base plate 7 is therefore arranged to be movable along the axial direction 33 of the longitudinal axis XX.

[0075] Furthermore, the receiving plate 30 is arranged below the material outlet 22 in the opposite direction to the flow direction of the process gas, which further distinguishes the second embodiment from the first embodiment. The receiving plate 30 is therefore arranged spaced apart from the lower edge 23a of the material outlet surface 22. In particular, the spacing c is infinitesimally small in the embodiment not shown, suitably equal to zero.

[0076] Figure 8 The middle shows along Figure 6 The cross-sectional plane AA of the fluidizing device 1, as shown in the schematic diagram of the second embodiment, has an inlet base plate 7 arranged in plane Z'-Z' in both horizontal and emptied positions. Plane Z'-Z' runs parallel to plane ZZ at a distance d. The inlet base plate 7 is pushed downward along the axial direction 33 of the central longitudinal axis XX at a distance d, that is, from plane ZZ to plane Z'-Z'. In the illustrated embodiment, the inlet base plate 7 is located on the receiving plate 30, such that the upper edge 34 and / or upper surface 35 of the inlet base plate 7 are suitably arranged at the same height as the lower edge 23a of the material outlet 21. The upper edge 34 and / or upper surface 35 of the inlet base plate 7 are arranged tangentially on the lower edge 23a of the material outlet 21. The material outlet surface 22 of the material outlet 21 is thus fully opened, thereby enabling better discharge of the processed material M' through the material channel 42.

[0077] Suitably, at least one discharge opening 36, and in particular multiple discharge openings 36, are arranged in the area of ​​the material outlet 21 in the perforated inlet base plate 7, aligned with the material outlet 21 according to the arrow 37 shown. This further assists in the discharge of the processed material M' by means of process gas PG in the venting state.

[0078] Figure 9 It shows Figure 8 The enlarged view of section A shown illustrates the area of ​​material outlet 21. The perforated inlet plate 7 has through-holes 38 through which process gas PG flows to fluidize the particulate material M to be treated in the fluidization chamber 6. The through-holes 38 can be arranged arbitrarily, wherein their number and diameter are configured according to the specific requirements of the fluidization and / or treatment of the material M.

[0079] In the area of ​​material outlet 21, a discharge opening 36 is arranged in the perforated inlet base plate 7. Process gas PG flows through the discharge opening 36 in the direction of arrow 37, thus facilitating the efficient and rapid discharge of the processed material M' in the venting position. The discharge opening 36 can be arranged, for example, in a fan-shaped section before material outlet 21. Furthermore, the upper edge 34 and / or upper side 35 of the inlet base plate 7 are flush with and lowered to the height of the lower edge 23a of material outlet 21, thereby further promoting and supporting the discharge of the processed material M' due to the maximum possible material outlet area 22.

[0080] Figure 10 A top view of a third embodiment of a fluidization device 1 configured as a vortex layer device 2 is shown, having a cross-sectional plane AA. The fluidization device 1 includes a fluidization unit 3 with a central longitudinal axis XX. A drain pipe 4 is arranged on the fluidization unit, and the drain pipe includes a central axis YY perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX, wherein the central axis YY and the longitudinal axis XX open the cross-sectional plane AA. The fluidization device 1 is in operation.

[0081] Figure 11 The middle shows along Figure 9 The cross-sectional plane AA passes through the cross-section of the third embodiment of the fluidizing device 1 in operation, and has an inlet bottom plate 7 arranged in the plane WW in a horizontal position.

[0082] The third embodiment of the fluidization device 1 is essentially a combination of the first two embodiments. In the third embodiment, the inlet plate 7 is also movable relative to the fluidization unit 3. Unlike the first and second embodiments, the inlet plate 7 in the third embodiment is adapted to perform pivoting motion about the pivot axis 29 and linear motion along the axial direction 33 of the longitudinal axis XX. In the operating state shown, the particulate material M is processed in the fluidization chamber 6.

[0083] When bringing the inlet base plate 7 from the operating position to the venting position, the pivoting and linear movements of the inlet base plate can be performed sequentially or simultaneously in any order. This allows the advantages of both pivoting and linear movements to be utilized. In the current embodiment, the pivoting and linear movements are performed simultaneously.

[0084] The material unloading section 19 has a shut-off device 24 pivotable about a pivot axis 25. The shut-off device 24 is suitably configured as a flap 26, a valve, or an impeller gate. In the third embodiment, the shut-off device 24, configured as a flap 26, closes or releases the material unloading section 19. Figure 11In the operating state shown, the inlet bottom plate 7 is located above the lower edge 23a and below the upper edge 23b of the material outlet 21, and the shut-off device 24 closes the material discharge section 19. Thus, neither the process gas PG nor the material to be treated M can flow out of or be discharged from the fluidization unit 3 of the fluidization device 1, particularly from the fluidization chamber 6. In the illustrated embodiment, the flap 26 is pivotable about a pivot axis 25 arranged orthogonally to the central axis YY.

[0085] Figure 12 It shows along Figure 10 The cross-sectional plane AA passes through a cross section of a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the fluidization device 1.

[0086] In the venting state, the particulate material M' processed in the fluidization chamber 6 is discharged from the fluidization unit 3 of the fluidization device 1 via a material discharge section 19, which is configured as a vent pipe 4 and includes a material channel 42. In this case, the shut-off device 24 pivots about the pivot axis 25 and, in the venting state, with the inlet bottom plate at least partially located below the upper edge 23b of the material outlet 21, releases the material discharge section 19.

[0087] In this case, the inlet base plate 7 pivots about the pivot axis 29 at an angle α, and the pivot axis 29 is moved from the plane WW along the axial direction 33 of the longitudinal axis XX to a plane W'-W' parallel to the orientation of the plane WW. The descent of the inlet base plate 7 from the plane WW to the parallel plane W'-W' moved at a distance d by the pivot axis 29, along with the simultaneous pivoting of the inlet base plate 7 about the pivot axis 29, results in better unloading of the processed material M' from the fluidization chamber 6. In the illustrated embodiment, the plane W'-W' is arranged above the central axis YY. Therefore, the pivot angle α of the inlet base plate 7 about the pivot axis 29 can be kept small, minimizing the gap 32 formed between the inlet base plate 7 and the fluidization unit 3, particularly the inner wall 11 of the distribution chamber and / or the inner wall 16 of the fluidization chamber. This leads to further improved unloading of the processed material M'.

[0088] The upper side 35 of the inlet base plate 7 is positioned above the lower edge 23a of the material outlet 21 in the venting position. The material discharge section 19 with the shut-off device 24 is released by the shut-off device 24, which pivots about the pivot axis 25, so that the processed material M' can be discharged with the assistance of the process gas PG flowing through the discharge opening 36.

[0089] exist Figures 13 to 17 The fourth embodiment of the fluidizing device 1 shown is basically the same as... Figures 1 to 5 The first embodiment of the fluidization device 1 shown has the same structure. The difference between the two embodiments lies in the design of the material unloading section 19, which is configured as the vent pipe 4, and the arrangement of the connecting plate 30 connected thereto.

[0090] Figure 13 In this case, a top view of a fourth embodiment of the fluidization device 1, configured as a vortex layer device 2, is shown, having a cross-sectional plane AA. The fluidization device 1 includes a fluidization unit 3 having a central longitudinal axis XX, and an exhaust pipe 4 is arranged on the fluidization unit. The exhaust pipe includes a central axis YY perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX, wherein the central axis YY and the longitudinal axis XX open the cross-sectional plane AA. The fluidization device 1 is in operation.

[0091] Figure 14 The diagram shows the fluidization apparatus 1 in operation. In this case, the inlet base plate 7, which separates the distribution chamber 5 from the fluidization chamber 6 in plane WW, is arranged above the upper edge 23b of the material outlet 21. The material M to be processed is treated, specifically by process gas PG, in the fluidization chamber 6 of the fluidization unit 3 of the fluidization apparatus 1. The process gas PG flows from the fluid inlet 27 through the perforated inlet base plate 7 through the fluidization unit 3 to the fluid outlet 28.

[0092] Unlike the first embodiment, in Figure 14 In the fourth embodiment, the material discharge section 19, configured as an vent pipe 4, is equipped with a fluid interface 40 including a fluid interface outlet 39 for providing auxiliary gas HG. The fluid interface outlet 39 is arranged in the region of the material outlet surface 22 of the material outlet 21.

[0093] The material discharge section 19, configured as the vent pipe 4, has an insertion base plate 41. The insertion base plate 41 divides the material discharge section 19 into a material channel 42 for outputting the processed material M' from the fluidization unit 3 and a fluid channel 43 for guiding the auxiliary gas HG. A fluid interface outlet 39 is suitably arranged in the insertion base plate 41 so that the auxiliary gas HG can overflow from the fluid channel 43 into the material channel 42. The fluid interface outlet 39 is constructed in the insertion base plate 41 through a borehole 44. In this case, the fluid interface outlet 39, and in particular the borehole 44, is suitably constructed so that the auxiliary gas HG has an outflow direction toward the direction in which the processed material M' is discharged from the fluidization device 1.

[0094] Figure 15 The fluidization apparatus 1 in a vented state is shown. In the vented state, the inlet base plate 7 is arranged in the vented position, that is, the inlet base plate 7 has been moved relative to the fluidization unit 3 so that it is arranged on the receiving plate 30. In the vented state, the inlet base plate 7 lies flat on the receiving plate 30. The venting of the processed material M' is carried out via the material channel 42, wherein the auxiliary gas HG flows into the material channel 42 from the fluid channel 43 via the fluid interface outlet 39 and here promotes the venting of the processed material M' from the fluidization apparatus 1.

[0095] Figure 16 The corresponding to Figure 13 A top view of a fourth embodiment of the fluidization apparatus 1 is shown, wherein the fluidization apparatus 1 is in a vented state. In this case, the inlet base plate 7 is arranged on the receiving plate 30 in a position pivoted about the pivot axis 29 at an angle α, thereby forming a gap 32 with varying gap width between the inlet base plate 7 and the fluidization unit 3, particularly the inner wall 11 of the distribution chamber and / or the inner wall 16 of the fluidization chamber. During the venting process, the process gas PG flows through the gap 32, so that the processed material M' does not reach the distribution chamber 5.

[0096] A connecting plate 30, arranged on the inner wall 11 of the dispensing chamber, extends circumferentially into the area of ​​the material outlet surface 22. The upper side 31 of the connecting plate 30 rests on the upper edge 45 of the insert base plate 41. The upper side 31 of the connecting plate 30 and the upper side 46 of the insert base plate 41 thus form flat upper sides 31, 46 that are flush with each other. In this case, the connecting plate 30 is constructed in a sickle shape, particularly a crescent shape. The connecting plate 30 has an angle β of 160°.

[0097] Figure 17 A schematic projection of the inner wall 11 of the dispensing chamber of a fourth embodiment of the fluidizing device 1 in the emptied position is shown, the inner wall of the dispensing chamber including a receiving plate 30 and a material outlet 21. (As already shown...) Figure 16 As described, the upper side surface 31 of the receiving plate 30 is tangentially arranged on the upper edge 45 of the insertion base plate 41 of the material unloading section 19. The upper side surface 31 of the receiving plate 30 and the upper side surface 46 of the insertion base plate 41 thus form flat upper side surfaces 31 and 46 that are flush with each other. The material outlet surface 22 is therefore smaller than that of the first embodiment. The material outlet surface 22 is thus divided into a material outlet surface 22a belonging to the material channel 42 and a material outlet surface 22b belonging to the fluid channel 43. In this case, the material outlet surface 22a is released by the shut-off device 24 in the emptied state, and the material outlet surface 22b is configured as the inner wall 11 of the dispensing chamber.

[0098] Figure 17 The shut-off device 24 (not shown) releases the material discharge section 19, particularly the material outlet surface 22a, in the venting position, so that the processed material M' can be efficiently discharged from the fluidization chamber 6 of the fluidization unit 3 via the material channel 42, assisted by the auxiliary gas HG flowing out from the fluid channel 43. The projection view includes a sickle-shaped receiving plate 30. The receiving plate 30 has an angle β of approximately 160°.

[0099] Figure 18 and 19 A fifth embodiment of the fluidization device 1 is shown. In this case... Figure 18 A top view showing a schematic diagram of a fifth embodiment of the fluidization device 1 in its operating position, having a cross-sectional plane AA, and Figure 19 It shows along Figure 18 The cross-section AA shown passes through a schematic cross-section of the fifth embodiment of the fluidizing device 1 in the venting position, and has an inlet bottom plate 7 arranged on a pivot shaft 29, which is in a position where it is pivoted about the pivot shaft 29 at an angle α.

[0100] The fifth embodiment is basically the same in structure as the first embodiment. The difference between the two embodiments is that the receiving plate 30 is arranged below the material outlet 21 in the opposite direction to the flow direction of the process gas PG. The receiving plate 30 is spaced apart from the lower edge 23a of the material outlet surface 22.

[0101] Furthermore, the two embodiments differ in that the material discharge section 19, configured as the vent pipe 4, is equipped with a fluid interface 40 having a fluid interface outlet 39 for providing auxiliary gas HG. The fluid interface outlet 39 is arranged in the vent pipe wall 20 and is provided with a perforated cover 47. The drilled hole 48 penetrating the perforated cover 47 is oriented such that the auxiliary gas HG flowing from the fluid interface 40 into the material channel 42 flows out in the direction of discharging the processed material M' from the fluidization device 1.

[0102] The stop device 24, configured as a flap 26, is arranged to pivot about a pivot axis 25, wherein the pivot axis 25 is arranged perpendicular to and intersects the central axis YY. The flap 26... Figure 19 The material discharge section 19 shown in the venting position is used to vent the fluidization chamber 6.

Claims

1. A method for processing particulate material (M) in a fluidization apparatus (1), said fluidization apparatus having a fluidization unit (3) having a longitudinal axis (XX), said fluidization unit having a perforated inlet bottom plate (7), said inlet bottom plate dividing said fluidization unit (3) into a distribution chamber (5) and a fluidization chamber (6) arranged above said distribution chamber (5), wherein, The fluidization chamber (6) includes a material inlet (18) for the material (M) to be processed, and the distribution chamber (5) includes a material discharge section (19) having a material outlet (21) for the processed material (M'), the material outlet having a material outlet surface (22), a lower edge (23a) and an upper edge (23b). The fluidization unit also includes a shut-off device (24) for closing the material discharge section (19). The distribution chamber (5) includes a fluid inlet (27) and the fluidization chamber (6) includes a fluid outlet (28). The fluid inlet and the fluid outlet are for process gas (PG) that causes the material (M) flowing from the fluid inlet (27) through the perforated inlet plate (7) to the fluid outlet (28) to be fluidized in the fluidization chamber (6). In operation, the material (M) to be processed is first loaded via the material inlet (18). The fluidization chamber (6) and the material (M) thereafter are treated by process gas (PG) flowing through the fluidization chamber (6), characterized in that the distribution chamber (5) includes a receiving plate (30) arranged in a region of the material outlet surface (22) that extends at least partially in the circumferential direction and an inlet bottom plate (7) that is movably arranged relative to the fluidization unit (3) after the operation state is moved to an empty position, such that the inlet bottom plate (7) is arranged on the receiving plate (30) in the empty state, thereby forming a fluid connection between the material outlet (21) arranged in the distribution chamber (5) and the fluidization chamber (6) through the inlet bottom plate (7), and the treated material (M') is discharged from the fluidization unit (3) via the material outlet (21), wherein, in the empty state, the shut-off device (24) releases the material discharge section (19) in the empty position of the inlet bottom plate (7).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluidization unit (3) has a pivot axis (29) that runs transversely to the longitudinal axis (XX) of the fluidization unit (3), and the inlet bottom plate (7) is pivotally arranged on the pivot axis and is pivoted about the pivot axis after the particulate material (M) is processed.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inflow base plate (7) is arranged to be movable in the axial direction (33) of the longitudinal axis (XX), and is moved in a linear motion in the axial direction (33) of the longitudinal axis (XX).

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inflow base plate (7) performs pivoting and linear movements in any order, either sequentially or simultaneously, when it is brought into the venting position.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The inlet base plate (7) is moved relative to the fluidizing unit (3) to the venting position such that at least a portion of the inlet base plate (7) is positioned below the lower edge (23a) of the material outlet (21).

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inlet base plate (7) is moved relative to the fluidization unit (3) to the venting position, such that the inlet base plate (7) is positioned below the lower edge (23a) of the material outlet (21).

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The material discharge section (19) has a shut-off device (24) that releases the material discharge section (19) once the inflow bottom plate (7) is in the emptying position.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Once at least a portion of the inlet base plate (7) is positioned below the lower edge (23a) of the material outlet, the shut-off device (24) releases the material discharge section (19).

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The material discharge section (19) is provided with a fluid interface (40) for providing auxiliary gas (HG), the fluid interface including a fluid interface outlet (39), wherein the auxiliary gas (HG) flows into the material discharge section (19) via the fluid interface outlet (39) at least when the shut-off device (24) releases the material discharge section (19) to facilitate the discharge of the processed material (M').

10. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, After processing the granular material (M), the inflow base plate (7) is pivoted 5° to 10° about the pivot axis.

11. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inlet base plate (7) is moved linearly along the axial direction (33) of the longitudinal axis (XX) to a position below the lower edge (23a).

12. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The material unloading section is configured as a drain pipe (4).

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