A milling cutter arbor and tool residual life monitoring method for service life visualization

Abstract

The application discloses a milling cutter handle and a tool residual life monitoring method for service life visualization, which comprises a handle main body, characterized in that: a power supply module, a controller, a color changing device and a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets are further arranged on the handle main body; the color changing device is an electrochromic device; each piezoelectric ceramic sheet is arranged at different positions on the outer side surface; the signal output interface of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the color changing control interface of the color changing device are connected with the controller; in the working process, the power supply module supplies power for the controller and the color changing device; the piezoelectric ceramic sheet detects the vibration amplitude of the handle main body and transmits the vibration amplitude to the controller; the controller controls the color change of the color changing device according to the vibration amplitude detected by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet is used for collecting the vibration signals generated by the tool, and the color changing device is used for displaying the vibration signals, so that the worker can intuitively observe the wear degree of the tool and replace the tool in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of intelligent cutting tool technology, specifically relating to a method for monitoring the remaining life of milling cutter holders and cutting tools with visualized service life. Background Technology

[0002] A milling cutter is a rotating cutting tool with one or more cutting teeth used for milling operations. During operation, each cutting tooth sequentially and intermittently removes the excess material from the workpiece. Milling cutters are widely used in milling operations, mainly for machining planes, steps, grooves, shaped surfaces, and cutting off workpieces on milling machines. Existing milling cutters typically consist of a cutter body and inserts fixed to the cutter body. After a period of use, the inserts will wear down and become unusable. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the wear of the cutting tool during machining to avoid the worn tool affecting machining accuracy.

[0003] In current research on tool condition monitoring during the cutting process, most studies use commercial sensors to collect signals for analysis and processing. However, most of the commercial sensors used for signal detection are contact-type wired sensors. If the spindle and feed system are rotating or moving during machining, additional facilities may be required. Considering the complexity of the machining process and the production environment, the reliability of the data obtained is poor, the tool condition identification is low, and it is difficult to guarantee high identification accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a milling cutter holder with visualized service life.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a milling cutter holder with visualized service life, comprising a holder body, characterized in that: it further comprises a power supply module, a controller, a color-changing device, and multiple piezoelectric ceramic sheets mounted on the holder body; the color-changing device is an electrochromic device; each piezoelectric ceramic sheet is mounted at a different position on the outer side; the signal output interface of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the color-changing control interface of the color-changing device are both connected to the controller;

[0006] During operation, the power supply module supplies power to the controller and the color-changing device; the piezoelectric ceramic plate detects the vibration amplitude of the tool holder body and transmits it to the controller; the controller controls the color change of the color-changing device based on the vibration amplitude measured by the piezoelectric ceramic plate.

[0007] Preferably, the positive pins of each piezoelectric ceramic sheet are connected to the corresponding number of signal output pins on the controller; the positive pin of the color-changing device is connected to the control output pin on the controller; the negative pins of each piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the color-changing device are grounded; the positive and negative pins of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet form the signal output interface of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet; the positive and negative pins of the color-changing device form the color-changing control interface of the color-changing device.

[0008] Preferably, during operation, the controller filters the signal output by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet.

[0009] Preferably, each piezoelectric ceramic sheet is evenly distributed circumferentially along the axis of the tool holder body.

[0010] Preferably, the tool holder body is provided with a battery holder; the power supply module is installed in the battery holder.

[0011] Preferably, the power supply module uses a button battery.

[0012] Preferably, the color-changing device is a zinc-type electrochromic device made of Zn-SVO material.

[0013] Preferably, the color-changing device changes color sequentially in the order of green, yellow-green, brown, yellow, orange-yellow, and orange when receiving a voltage of 0.2V-2.0V.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for monitoring the remaining life of a cutting tool; it includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Mount the cutting tool on the milling cutter holder with service life visualization as described in the first aspect;

[0016] Step 2: The machine tool drives the cutting tool to rotate; the piezoelectric ceramic plate detects the vibration amplitude of the tool holder in real time; the controller provides a PWM wave with a corresponding duty cycle to the color-changing device according to the vibration amplitude of the tool holder, so that the color-changing device displays a color corresponding to the current vibration amplitude of the tool holder; the user judges the magnitude of the vibration amplitude of the tool holder according to the color displayed by the color-changing device; the greater the vibration amplitude of the tool holder, the shorter the tool life.

[0017] Preferably, in step two, the greater the vibration amplitude of the tool holder, the greater the duty cycle of the PWM wave provided by the controller to the color-changing device.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] This invention installs a color-changing device and a piezoelectric ceramic plate on the tool holder. The piezoelectric ceramic plate collects the vibration signals generated by the tool. Based on the vibration signal, the remaining life of the tool is determined. The degree of tool wear is then displayed intuitively through the color change of the color-changing device, allowing workers to visually observe the degree of tool wear and replace the tool in a timely manner. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between tool wear and tool vibration in this invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the color change of the color-changing device of the present invention.

[0024] The components include: 1. Tool holder body; 2. Controller; 2-1. Battery holder; 3. Color-changing device; 4. Piezoelectric ceramic sheet. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, a milling cutter holder with visualized service life includes a holder body 1, a battery holder 2-1, a power supply module, and a controller 2, two color-changing devices 3, and six piezoelectric ceramic plates 4 fixedly connected to the holder body 1. The battery holder 2-1 is fixed to the holder body 1. The power supply module is installed inside the battery holder 2-1. The six piezoelectric ceramic plates 4 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the axis of the holder body 1. The controller 2 includes PA0, PA1, PA4, PA5, PA6, PA7, PA9, PB1, and GND pins. The controller 2 contains filtering code, output control code, and signal capture code. The filtering code is used to filter excessive vibration signals generated during machine tool switching and tool collisions. The capture code is used to capture the electrical signals input to the piezoelectric ceramic plates 4 and convert them into digital quantities. The output control code is used to compare historically received voltages to obtain historical peak values, and the controller 2 outputs the voltage corresponding to the historical peak value. The positive pins of the six piezoelectric ceramic plates 4 are connected to pins PA0, PA1, PA4, PA5, PA6, and PB1, respectively. The negative pins of all six piezoelectric ceramic plates 4 are connected to the GND pin, thus grounding them. The analog voltage generated by the piezoelectric ceramics is input to the controller 2 through pins PA0, PA1, PA4, PA5, PA6, and PB1. The positive pins of the two color-changing devices 3 are connected to pins PA7 and PA9, respectively. The negative pins of the two color-changing devices 3 are connected to the GND pin, thus grounding them.

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, the x-axis represents the number of cuts made by the tool, and the y-axis represents the vibration force generated by the tool. As tool wear increases, the vibration force generated during tool wear will decrease after reaching its peak region. The output control code is used to compare the voltage of the historically received piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4 to obtain the historical peak value. The controller 2 outputs the voltage corresponding to the historical peak value to the color-changing device 3.

[0028] like Figure 4As shown, the color-changing device 3 is a zinc-type electrochromic device made of Zn-SVO material. It uses the color changes of the Zn-SVO electrochromic material to visually display the wear condition of the cutting tool. The color-changing device 3 can achieve color control with a single electrode, and it can exhibit three reversible color changes. Through color superposition, it can display six colors. The voltage ranges from 0.2V to 2.0V, displaying green, yellow-green, brown, yellow, orange-yellow, and orange in that order, corresponding to damage levels 0-5. Green represents level 0 damage, indicating almost no wear on the tool; orange represents level 5, the most severe damage, requiring immediate replacement; levels 1-4 measure different degrees of wear for operator reference.

[0029] The power supply module uses a button battery. The power supply module is installed in the battery holder 2-1 of controller 2.

[0030] Working principle of the invention:

[0031] A method for monitoring the remaining life of a cutting tool includes the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: When the force generated by the vibration of the cutting tool is transmitted to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4, the positive and negative charge centers inside the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4 undergo relative displacement under the action of the mechanical external force, causing polarization. This results in bound charges of opposite signs appearing on the surfaces at both ends of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4. Discharge occurs at the positive and negative leads of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4, thereby converting the vibration signal into an electrical signal. The principle is as follows:

[0033]

[0034] Where δ is the surface charge density of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4; d is the piezoelectric strain constant; and T is the tensile stress generated by the deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4 due to the force transmitted from the tool vibration. Equation 1 shows that the charge density of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4 is proportional to the external force.

[0035] C P =ε r ε0 Formula 2

[0036] Q = d 33 TS Formula 3

[0037]

[0038] Where C P For the capacitance of piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4, ε r ε0 is the vacuum permittivity of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4, ε0 is the relative permittivity of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4, and d0 is the relative permittivity of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4. 33Let T be the piezoelectric coefficient of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4, T be the force transmitted from the tool vibration to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4, and the tensile stress generated by the deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4. Let S be the force-bearing area of ​​the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4, Q be the amount of charge generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4, and U be the voltage generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4. According to Formula 4, as tool wear increases and vibration intensifies, the voltage generated by the piezoelectric ceramic material also gradually increases.

[0039] Step 2: Controller 2 receives the voltage generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4 and compares it with the historically received voltages of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4 through output control code to obtain the historical peak value. Controller 2 outputs a corresponding voltage to the color-changing device 3 based on the obtained historical peak voltage. The color-changing device 3 displays the color corresponding to the output voltage.

Claims

1. A milling cutter holder with visualized service life, comprising a holder body (1), characterized in that: It also includes a power supply module, a controller (2), a color-changing device (3) and multiple piezoelectric ceramic sheets (4) installed on the main body (1) of the tool holder; the color-changing device (3) is an electrochromic device; each piezoelectric ceramic sheet (4) is installed at a different position on the outer side; the signal output interface of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (4) and the color-changing control interface of the color-changing device (3) are both connected to the controller (2); During operation, the power supply module supplies power to the controller (2) and the color-changing device (3); the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (4) detects the vibration amplitude of the tool holder body (1) and transmits it to the controller (2); the controller (2) controls the color change of the color-changing device (3) according to the vibration amplitude measured by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (4); during operation, the controller (2) filters the signal output by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (4); each piezoelectric ceramic sheet (4) is evenly distributed circumferentially along the axis of the tool holder body (1); the color-changing device (3) adopts a zinc-type electrochromic device made of Zn-SVO material; the color-changing device ( 3) When receiving a voltage of 0.2V-2.0V, the color changes in the order of green, yellow-green, brown, yellow, orange-yellow and orange respectively; the controller (2) is equipped with filtering code, output control code and signal capture code; the filtering code is used to eliminate excessive vibration signals generated when the machine tool is switched on and off and when the tool hits the tool; the capture code is used to capture the electrical signal input by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (4) and convert it into a digital quantity; the output control code is used to compare the historical received voltage to obtain the historical peak value, and the controller (2) outputs the voltage corresponding to the historical peak value to the color changing device (3).

2. The milling cutter holder with visualized service life according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive pins of each piezoelectric ceramic sheet (4) are connected to the corresponding number of signal output pins on the controller (2); the positive pin of the color-changing device (3) is connected to the control output pin on the controller (2); the negative pins of each piezoelectric ceramic sheet (4) and the color-changing device (3) are grounded; the positive and negative pins of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (4) form the signal output interface of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (4); the positive and negative pins of the color-changing device (3) form the color-changing control interface of the color-changing device (3).

3. The milling cutter holder with visualized service life according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool holder body (1) is provided with a battery holder (2-1); the power supply module is installed in the battery holder (2-1).

4. The milling cutter holder with visualized service life according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply module uses a button battery.

5. A method for monitoring the remaining life of a cutting tool, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Install the cutting tool on the milling cutter holder with service life visualization as described in claim 1; Step 2: The machine tool drives the cutting tool to rotate; the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (4) detects the vibration amplitude of the tool holder in real time; the controller provides a PWM wave with a corresponding duty cycle to the color-changing device (3) according to the vibration amplitude of the tool holder, so that the color-changing device (3) displays a color corresponding to the current vibration amplitude of the tool holder; the user judges the magnitude of the vibration amplitude of the tool holder according to the color displayed by the color-changing device (3); the greater the vibration amplitude of the tool holder, the shorter the tool life.

6. The method for monitoring the remaining life of a cutting tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step two, the greater the vibration amplitude of the tool holder, the greater the duty cycle of the PWM wave provided by the controller to the color-changing device (3).

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