A circuit and device for a power safety controller

Abstract

This invention proposes a circuit and device for a power safety controller, relating to the field of power electronic control technology. The circuit includes a switching power supply circuit, a relay unit, and a switch control circuit. The input terminal of the switching power supply circuit is connected to an external AC power source. One end of the switch control circuit is connected to the negative output terminal of the switching power supply circuit, and the other end is connected to the positive output terminal of the switching power supply circuit through the control circuit of the relay unit. One end of the output circuit of the relay unit is connected to the positive input terminal of the switching power supply, and the other end is used to output the supply voltage. The switch control circuit receives the user-input switching signal, amplifies and processes the switching signal, and then controls the current in the control circuit of the relay unit to conduct or cut off. The technical solution of this invention can control the switching of high-voltage power supplies even when the switch is at ultra-low DC voltage and ultra-low current, without generating an electric arc near the switch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power electronic control technology, and more specifically, to a circuit and device for a power safety controller. Background Technology

[0002] According to Ohm's Law (I = U / R), the magnitude of the current flowing through the human body is related to the applied voltage and the body's resistance. Many factors affect the body's resistance; for example, when hands are wet, the body's resistance decreases. Therefore, the magnitude of the current flowing through the body generally cannot be calculated in advance. To ensure electrical safety, a safe current is generally not used; instead, a safe voltage is used for estimation, typically 24V or 12V.

[0003] In daily life, the switches for household appliances such as lights are directly connected to a 220V voltage. If the switch leaks current, the user may come into direct contact with 220V (far exceeding the safe voltage for the human body) when pressing the switch, potentially causing a safety accident. Alternatively, if the switch is in an environment filled with dust and hazardous gases, the electric arc generated when the switch is turned on or off could trigger a dust or gas explosion. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a circuit and device for a power safety controller that can control the switching on and off of a high-voltage power supply even when the switch is at an ultra-low DC voltage and ultra-low current, without generating an electric arc near the switch.

[0005] This invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a circuit for a power safety controller, which includes a switching power supply circuit, a relay unit, and a switching control circuit. The input terminal of the switching power supply circuit is used to connect to an external AC power source. One end of the switching control circuit is connected to the negative output terminal of the switching power supply circuit, and the other end is connected to the positive output terminal of the switching power supply circuit through the control circuit of the relay unit. One end of the output circuit of the relay unit is connected to the positive input terminal of the switching power supply, and the other end is used to output the power supply voltage. The switching control circuit is used to receive a switching signal input by the user, and after amplifying the switching signal, control the current of the control circuit of the relay unit to be turned on or off.

[0007] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned scheme, a temperature protection circuit is also included; the input terminal of the temperature protection circuit is connected to the positive output terminal of the switching power supply circuit, and the output terminal of the temperature protection circuit is connected to the switching control circuit through the control circuit of the relay unit.

[0008] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned scheme, the switching power supply circuit is a switching power supply module, the relay unit includes a solid-state relay J1, and the switching control circuit includes a transistor Q1, diodes D1, D2, and D3, a switch S1, and a fuse F1. The input terminal of the switching power supply module is used to connect to an external AC power supply. One end of the output circuit of the solid-state relay J1 is connected to the positive input terminal of the switching power supply module, and the other end is used to output the supply voltage. The emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected to the positive output terminal of the switching power supply module through the control circuit of the solid-state relay J1. The collector of transistor Q1 is connected to the negative output terminal of the switching power supply module. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to the cathode of diode D1. The anode of diode D1 is connected to the collector of transistor Q1. The anode of diode D2 is connected to the anode of diode D1. The cathode of diode D2 is connected to the cathode of diode D1. The anode of diode D3 is connected to the anode of diode D2. The cathode of diode D3 is connected to the cathode of diode D2 through fuse F1. Switch S1 is connected in parallel with diode D3.

[0009] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned scheme, the relay unit further includes a solid-state relay J2, and the switch control circuit further includes a transistor Q2, a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, a switch S2, and a fuse F2. One end of the output circuit of the solid-state relay J2 is connected to the positive input terminal of the switching power supply module, and the other end is used to output another power supply voltage. The emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the positive output terminal of the switching power supply module through the control circuit of the solid-state relay J2. The collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the negative output terminal of the switching power supply module. The base of the transistor Q2 is connected to the cathode of the diode D4. The anode of the diode D4 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2. The anode of the diode D5 is connected to the anode of the diode D4. The cathode of the diode D5 is connected to the cathode of the diode D4. The anode of the diode D6 is connected to the anode of the diode D5. The cathode of the diode D6 is connected to the cathode of the diode D5 through the fuse F2. The switch S1 is connected in parallel with the diode D6.

[0010] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned scheme, the switching power supply circuit is a switching power supply module, the relay unit includes an electromechanical relay J3, the switching control circuit includes a transistor Q3, diodes D1, D2, and D3, a switch S1, and a fuse F1, and also includes a diode D7; the input terminal of the switching power supply module is used to connect to an external AC power supply, one end of the output circuit of the electromechanical relay J3 is connected to the positive input terminal of the switching power supply module, and the other end is used to output the supply voltage, the emitter of the transistor Q3 is connected to the anode of the diode D7, the cathode of the diode D7 is connected to the positive input terminal of the switching power supply module, and the emitter of the transistor Q3 is connected to the cathode of the diode D7. The control circuit of the electromechanical relay J3 is connected to the positive output terminal of the switching power supply module. The collector of the transistor Q3 is connected to the negative output terminal of the switching power supply module. The base of the transistor Q3 is connected to the cathode of the diode D1. The anode of the diode D1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q3. The anode of the diode D2 is connected to the anode of the diode D1. The cathode of the diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the diode D1. The anode of the diode D3 is connected to the anode of the diode D2. The cathode of the diode D3 is connected to the cathode of the diode D2 through the fuse F1. The switch S1 is connected in parallel with the diode D3.

[0011] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned scheme, the relay unit further includes an electromechanical relay J4, and the switch control circuit further includes a transistor Q4, diodes D4, D5, D6, switch S2, and fuse F2, as well as diode D8; one end of the output circuit of the electromechanical relay J4 is connected to the positive input terminal of the switching power supply module, and the other end is used to output another power supply voltage; the emitter of the transistor Q4 is connected to the positive output terminal of the switching power supply module through the control circuit of the electromechanical relay J4, and the emitter of the transistor Q4 is connected to the anode of the diode D8; the cathode of the diode D8 is connected to the upper... The positive input terminal of the switching power supply module is connected, the collector of the transistor Q4 is connected to the negative output terminal of the switching power supply module, the base of the transistor Q4 is connected to the cathode of the diode D4, the anode of the diode D4 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q4, the anode of the diode D5 is connected to the anode of the diode D4, the cathode of the diode D5 is connected to the cathode of the diode D4, the anode of the diode D6 is connected to the anode of the diode D5, the cathode of the diode D6 is connected to the cathode of the diode D5 through the fuse F2, and the switch S1 is connected in parallel with the diode D6.

[0012] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned scheme, a temperature protector RT1 is also included, which is connected in series with the positive output terminal of the aforementioned switching power supply module.

[0013] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned scheme, a resistor R1 is also included, which is connected in series with the positive output terminal of the aforementioned switching power supply module.

[0014] Secondly, this application provides a power safety controller device, which includes a housing and a circuit board having the circuit of any of the power safety controllers in the first aspect. The circuit board is disposed in the housing and is completely encapsulated after assembly to form a solid state.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0016] By optimizing the circuit structure, it is possible to control the switching on and off of high-voltage power supplies even when the switch is at ultra-low DC voltage and ultra-low current, without generating electric arcs or sparks near the switch. This allows operators to safely and reliably control the switching on and off of higher voltage levels of power supplies. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a circuit structure block diagram of one embodiment of a power safety controller according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a circuit structure block diagram of another embodiment of a power safety controller according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of a power safety controller according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of yet another embodiment of a power safety controller according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of a power safety controller according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of a power safety controller according to the present invention.

[0024] Icons: 1. Switching power supply circuit; 2. Relay unit; 3. Switching control circuit; 4. Temperature protection circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0027] Example

[0028] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the various embodiments and features described below can be combined with each other.

[0029] In existing technology, the switching mechanism is directly connected to the power supply circuit. By opening and closing the switching mechanism, the on / off state of the power supply circuit can be controlled. Because the switching mechanism is directly connected in series with the power supply circuit, if the switching mechanism leaks current, the operator will directly come into contact with the high voltage in the power supply circuit, thus causing a safety accident. On the other hand, when the switching mechanism is opened and closed, the switching of high voltage can easily generate electric arcs and sparks, posing a risk of burns to the human body or ignition of flammable and explosive materials.

[0030] It should be noted that an electric arc is generated at the contact point when a large voltage and current are switched on or off. Generally, if the circuit voltage is not lower than 10-20V and the current is not less than 80-100mA, an electric arc will be generated between the contacts of the electrical appliance.

[0031] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a power safety controller circuit that can control the switching on and off of high-voltage power supplies when the switch is at an ultra-low DC voltage and ultra-low current, without generating an electric arc near the switch.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1The circuit of this power safety controller includes a switching power supply circuit 1, a relay unit 2, and a switching control circuit 3. The input terminal of the switching power supply circuit 1 is used to connect to an external AC power source. One end of the switching control circuit 3 is connected to the negative output terminal of the switching power supply circuit 1, and the other end is connected to the positive output terminal of the switching power supply circuit 1 through the control circuit of the relay unit 2. One end of the output circuit of the relay unit 2 is connected to the positive input terminal of the switching power supply, and the other end is used to output the power supply voltage. The switching control circuit 3 is used to receive the switching signal input by the user, and after amplifying the switching signal, control the current of the control circuit of the relay unit 2 to be turned on or off.

[0033] In the above embodiment, after connecting to external AC power (mains power or self-generated power), the switching power supply circuit 1 can convert the large AC voltage into a low DC voltage, that is, convert it into the operating voltage of the control circuit of the relay unit 2. Furthermore, by connecting the switching control circuit 3 in series with the output terminal of the switching power supply circuit 1 and the control circuit of the relay unit 2, the switching control circuit 3 can control the conduction or disconnection of the control circuit of the relay unit 2, thereby controlling the conduction or disconnection of the output circuit of the relay unit 2 (i.e., controlling the conduction or disconnection of the power supply voltage output by the relay unit 2). The switching control circuit 3 receiving the user-input switching signal means that the switching control circuit 3 can be equipped with a switching mechanism, and the operator inputs switching information into the switching control circuit 3 by operating this switching mechanism. Then, the switching control circuit 3 amplifies the small current signal corresponding to the switching information and controls the current conduction or cutoff of the control circuit of the relay unit 2. Alternatively, although the switch control circuit 3 is connected in series in the circuit formed by the output terminal of the switching power supply circuit 1 and the control circuit of the relay unit 2, the switching mechanism in the switch control circuit 3 that receives the operator's switching signal is not directly connected in series in this circuit, but is connected in a branch with a lower current level. However, the opening and closing of this switching mechanism will cause the entire switch control circuit 3 to be turned on or off. Therefore, the voltage level of the control circuit of the relay unit 2 is already low, and the switch control circuit 3 can further reduce the voltage level across the switching mechanism, further improving its safety. Thus, even if a leakage occurs at the location of the switching mechanism, it will not cause electric shock to the human body, and because of its low voltage level, it will not create a large electric arc that could ignite flammable or explosive materials.

[0034] For example, please refer to Figure 3If the switch control circuit 3 is designed based on a transistor, then the circuit containing the emitter and collector of the transistor will be connected in series in the circuit formed by the output terminal of the switching power supply circuit 1 and the control circuit of the relay unit 2, while the switching mechanism in the switch control circuit 3 will be connected in series in the circuit containing the base and collector of the transistor. Of course, the transistor here is just an example; in actual design and implementation, other electronic switching transistors such as MOSFETs and thyristors can also be used.

[0035] It should be noted that relay unit 2 can be either a normally closed relay or a normally open relay. When it is a normally closed relay, its output circuit continuously outputs the supply voltage under normal circumstances. However, when the switch control circuit 3 responds to the operator's operation and connects a switch signal, it amplifies the switch signal and controls the control circuit of the normally closed relay to conduct, thereby disconnecting the output circuit of the normally closed relay and disconnecting the supply voltage. Conversely, when it is a normally open relay, its output circuit does not output the supply voltage under normal circumstances. However, when the switch control circuit 3 responds to the operator's operation and connects a switch signal, it amplifies the switch signal and controls the control circuit of the normally closed relay to conduct, thereby connecting the output circuit of the normally closed relay and connecting the supply voltage.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, a temperature protection circuit 4 is also included. The input terminal of the temperature protection circuit 4 is connected to the positive output terminal of the switching power supply circuit 1, and the output terminal of the temperature protection circuit 4 is connected to the switching control circuit 3 through the control circuit of the relay unit 2.

[0037] In the above embodiments, by connecting a temperature protection circuit 4 in series between the output terminal of the switching power supply circuit 1 and the control circuit of the relay unit 2, the equipment in the circuit can be protected from overheating damage. The temperature protection circuit 4 can be designed based on the characteristics of a thermistor. When the temperature in the circuit exceeds a certain threshold, the resistance value of the thermistor changes, thereby triggering the operation of the temperature protection circuit 4 to cut off the circuit and protect the electronic components in the circuit. This avoids burnout of the power safety controller circuit due to overheating, as well as other safety accidents (such as fire, or electric shock to the operator due to overcurrent and excessively high temperature).

[0038] Please refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments of the present invention, the switching power supply circuit 1 is a switching power supply module, the relay unit 2 includes a solid-state relay J1, and the switching control circuit 3 includes a transistor Q1, a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D3, a switch S1, and a fuse F1.

[0039] The input terminal of the aforementioned switching power supply module is used to connect to an external AC power source. One end of the output circuit of the aforementioned solid-state relay J1 is connected to the positive input terminal of the aforementioned switching power supply module, and the other end is used to output the power supply voltage. The emitter of the aforementioned transistor Q1 is connected to the positive output terminal of the aforementioned switching power supply module through the control circuit of the aforementioned solid-state relay J1. The collector of the aforementioned transistor Q1 is connected to the negative output terminal of the aforementioned switching power supply module. The base of the aforementioned transistor Q1 is connected to the cathode of the aforementioned diode D1. The anode of the aforementioned diode D1 is connected to the collector of the aforementioned transistor Q1. The anode of the aforementioned diode D2 is connected to the anode of the aforementioned diode D1. The cathode of the aforementioned diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the aforementioned diode D1. The anode of the aforementioned diode D3 is connected to the anode of the aforementioned diode D2. The cathode of the aforementioned diode D3 is connected to the cathode of the aforementioned diode D2 through the aforementioned fuse F1. The aforementioned switch S1 is connected in parallel with the aforementioned diode D3.

[0040] The main function of a switching power supply module is to break down high-energy inputs into numerous low-energy inputs, which are then transmitted to the output. The output voltage provides feedback to the input, thus stabilizing the output voltage. Furthermore, switching power supply modules generate relatively little heat, dissipating excess energy as heat to lower the voltage. They also boast high efficiency. In short, switching power supply modules are small and lightweight, and because they do not contain a transformer, they are very convenient to use.

[0041] Furthermore, solid-state relays have no moving parts and typically use specially configured MOSFETs and BJTs to provide power switching. Due to the lack of moving parts, they reduce wear and provide higher switching speeds.

[0042] For ease of understanding, assume the external AC power supply is 220V, and the output voltage OUT1 of the solid-state relay J1 is also 220V AC. The switching power supply module is a 12V module. The switching power supply module rectifies and regulates the 220V AC power to 12V DC, which serves as the operating voltage for the control circuit of the solid-state relay J1. Since a transistor Q1 is connected in series in the circuit formed by the output of the switching power supply module and the control circuit of the solid-state relay J1, when transistor Q1 is turned on, the circuit is closed, and the control circuit of the solid-state relay J1 operates accordingly. Conversely, when transistor Q1 is turned off, the circuit is open, and the control circuit of the solid-state relay J1 is disconnected. The switch S1, connected in parallel between the base and collector of the transistor, acts as the device to control the conduction or cutoff of transistor Q1. Based on the current amplification principle of transistors, assuming the amplification factor of transistor Q1 is , then I1 = I2, where I1 is the current flowing from the emitter to the collector of transistor Q1, and I2 is the current flowing from the emitter to the base of transistor Q1. Therefore, the current flowing through switch S1 will be less than the operating voltage of the control circuit of solid-state relay J1, the exact amount being affected by the amplification factor of transistor Q1. Thus, the contacts at both ends of switch S1 are in an ultra-low voltage and current circuit, and can control the conduction and cutoff of transistor Q1, thereby controlling the connection and disconnection of the control circuit of solid-state relay J1, that is, controlling the connection and disconnection of the output circuit of solid-state relay J1, realizing the connection and disconnection of the output voltage OUT1. In addition, connecting two diodes (diode D1 and diode D2) in parallel to the base and collector of transistor Q1, as well as connecting diode D3 and fuse F1 in parallel (diode D3 and fuse F1 are connected in series and then in parallel to the base and collector of transistor Q1), can prevent transistor Q1 from being damaged due to a sudden increase in voltage and current, thus preventing it from losing control of solid-state relay J1.

[0043] It should be noted that since the contacts at both ends of switch S1 are in an ultra-low voltage and current loop, even if switch S1 is placed in water, touching it by hand will not cause electric shock to the human body. Furthermore, there will be no situation where switch S1 will naturally conduct in water and form a loop (water has the function of conducting electricity, but the control end switch S1 has an ultra-low voltage and ultra-low current, so it can be guaranteed that switch S1 will not conduct in water). Moreover, no electric arc sparks will be generated due to the opening and closing of switch S1, which can ensure the safety of the circuit.

[0044] For example, transistor Q1 can be an S8550, diodes D1 and D2 can be IN4742, and diode D3 can be IN4007.

[0045] In the above embodiment, only one power supply voltage is output. In practical applications, multiple power supply voltages are usually required. While multiple power supply safety controller circuits could be directly configured to achieve multiple power supply voltage outputs and meet safety control requirements, this would result in some component waste. Therefore, in some embodiments of the present invention, multiple power supply voltage outputs and safety control requirements are achieved by configuring the relay unit 2 as multiple relays and then configuring corresponding switch control circuits 3 to control the conduction and disconnection of the relay control circuits. Each switch control circuit 3 is connected to the loop formed by the output terminal of the switching power supply module and the control loop of the relay unit 2, which can reduce the number of components used to some extent.

[0046] Specifically, for ease of understanding, it is assumed that the circuit implementing this power safety controller uses the following approach. Figure 3 When considering the circuit structure shown, and requiring dual power supply voltage outputs and safety control, the specific circuit design can be as follows: Figure 4 As shown. That is, please refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments of the present invention, the relay unit 2 further includes a solid-state relay J2, and the switch control circuit 3 further includes a transistor Q2, a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, a switch S2, and a fuse F2.

[0047] One end of the output circuit of the solid-state relay J2 is connected to the positive input terminal of the switching power supply module, and the other end is used to output another power supply voltage. The emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the positive output terminal of the switching power supply module through the control circuit of the solid-state relay J2. The collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the negative output terminal of the switching power supply module. The base of the transistor Q2 is connected to the cathode of the diode D4. The anode of the diode D4 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2. The anode of the diode D5 is connected to the anode of the diode D4. The cathode of the diode D5 is connected to the cathode of the diode D4. The anode of the diode D6 is connected to the anode of the diode D5. The cathode of the diode D6 is connected to the cathode of the diode D5 through the fuse F2. The switch S1 is connected in parallel with the diode D6.

[0048] Figure 4 In the corresponding embodiments described above, the principle and Figure 3The underlying principle of the implementation is basically the same, except that an additional solid-state relay J2 and another switch control circuit 3 consisting of transistor Q2, diodes D4, D5, and D6, switch S2, and fuse F2 are added, thus achieving safe control output of the two power supply voltages. Of course, more solid-state relays and corresponding switch control circuits 3 can be added as needed to achieve safe control output of more power supply voltages. Similarly, transistor Q2 can be an S8550, diodes D4 and D5 can be IN4742, and diode D6 can be IN4007.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 5 In some embodiments of the present invention, the switching power supply circuit 1 is a switching power supply module, the relay unit 2 includes an electromechanical relay J3, the switching control circuit 3 includes a transistor Q3, a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D3, a switch S1 and a fuse F1, and also includes a diode D7.

[0050] The input terminal of the aforementioned switching power supply module is used to connect to an external AC power source. One end of the output circuit of the aforementioned electromechanical relay J3 is connected to the positive input terminal of the aforementioned switching power supply module, and the other end is used to output the power supply voltage. The emitter of the aforementioned transistor Q3 is connected to the anode of the aforementioned diode D7, and the cathode of the aforementioned diode D7 is connected to the positive input terminal of the aforementioned switching power supply module. The emitter of the aforementioned transistor Q3 is connected to the positive output terminal of the aforementioned switching power supply module through the control circuit of the aforementioned electromechanical relay J3. The collector of the aforementioned transistor Q3 is connected to the negative output terminal of the aforementioned switching power supply module. The base of the aforementioned transistor Q3 is connected to the cathode of the aforementioned diode D1, and the anode of the aforementioned diode D1 is connected to the collector of the aforementioned transistor Q3. The anode of the aforementioned diode D2 is connected to the anode of the aforementioned diode D1, and the cathode of the aforementioned diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the aforementioned diode D1. The anode of the aforementioned diode D3 is connected to the anode of the aforementioned diode D2, and the cathode of the aforementioned diode D3 is connected to the cathode of the aforementioned diode D2 through the aforementioned fuse F1. The aforementioned switch S1 is connected in parallel with the aforementioned diode D3.

[0051] and Figure 3Compared to the corresponding embodiment, in the above embodiment, the solid-state relay J1 is replaced with an electromechanical relay J3. An electromechanical relay, also commonly referred to as a mechanical relay, has contacts that are connected together in the presence of an electromagnetic field. The magnetic field connecting the two contacts comes from a small electromagnetic coil that is switched on and off via an external circuit. Compared to solid-state relays, electromechanical relays typically have lower resistance, thus allowing control of higher-power devices (specifically, they have a better size-to-power control ratio). Furthermore, electromechanical relays are much cheaper than solid-state relays and are arguably easier to operate. In summary, by replacing the solid-state relay J1 with the electromechanical relay J3, higher voltage levels can be controlled (the output supply voltage level can be higher), and the cost is lower.

[0052] and Figure 3-4 The corresponding implementation is similar. In practical application scenarios, in order to output multiple power supply voltages, it can also be based on... Figure 5 Based on the previous embodiment, multiple electromechanical relays and corresponding switch control circuits 3 are used to output and control the power supply voltage of multiple channels.

[0053] For ease of understanding, the specific implementation will adopt... Figure 5 When the structure shown is required, and two power supply voltages need to be output and their safety controlled, the specific circuit design can be as follows: Figure 6 As shown. That is, please refer to Figure 6 In some embodiments of the present invention, the relay unit 2 further includes an electromechanical relay J4, and the switch control circuit 3 further includes a transistor Q4, a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, a switch S2, and a fuse F2, and also includes a diode D8. One end of the output circuit of the aforementioned electromechanical relay J4 is connected to the positive input terminal of the aforementioned switching power supply module, and the other end is used to output another power supply voltage. The emitter of the aforementioned transistor Q4 is connected to the positive output terminal of the aforementioned switching power supply module through the control circuit of the aforementioned electromechanical relay J4. The emitter of the aforementioned transistor Q4 is connected to the anode of the aforementioned diode D8. The cathode of the aforementioned diode D8 is connected to the positive input terminal of the aforementioned switching power supply module. The collector of the aforementioned transistor Q4 is connected to the negative output terminal of the aforementioned switching power supply module. The base of the aforementioned transistor Q4 is connected to the cathode of the aforementioned diode D4. The anode of the aforementioned diode D4 is connected to the collector of the aforementioned transistor Q4. The anode of the aforementioned diode D5 is connected to the anode of the aforementioned diode D4. The cathode of the aforementioned diode D5 is connected to the cathode of the aforementioned diode D4 through the aforementioned fuse F2. The aforementioned switch S1 is connected in parallel with the aforementioned diode D6. Figure 6 The specific principles and implementation methods are as follows. Figure 5The corresponding implementation methods are similar and will not be elaborated here.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 3-6 In some embodiments of the present invention, a temperature protector RT1 is further included, which is connected in series with the positive output terminal of the switching power supply module. That is, by configuring a temperature protector RT1 in the circuit, power can be cut off when the temperature exceeds the component's limit point, thereby ensuring the safety of electrical appliances connected before and after the temperature protector RT1.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 3-6 In some embodiments of the present invention, a resistor R1 is further included, which is connected in series with the positive output terminal of the switching power supply module. That is, in order to ensure the stability of the output DC voltage, a resistor R1 is added to the circuit for current limiting to avoid damage to the subsequent circuit due to overcurrent.

[0056] This invention also provides a power safety controller device, which includes a housing and a circuit board incorporating the circuitry of the power safety controller described above, with the circuit board disposed within the housing. By encapsulating the circuit board incorporating the power safety controller circuitry within the housing (e.g., by encapsulating the circuit board within the housing), a power safety controller device is created, which is convenient and easy for users to use.

[0057] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that this application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this application is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this application. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A circuit for a power safety controller, characterized in that, It includes a switching power supply circuit, a relay unit, and a switching control circuit. The input terminal of the switching power supply circuit is used to connect to an external AC power supply, and the switching power supply circuit is a switching power supply module. The relay unit includes a solid-state relay J1 or an electromechanical relay J3. One end of the switch control circuit is connected to the negative output terminal of the switch power supply circuit, and the other end is connected to the positive output terminal of the switch power supply circuit through the control circuit of the relay unit. One end of the output circuit of the relay unit is connected to the positive input terminal of the switch power supply circuit, and the other end is used to output the power supply voltage. The switch control circuit is used to receive the switch signal input by the user, and after amplifying the switch signal, control the current of the control circuit of the relay unit to be turned on or off. When the relay unit includes a solid-state relay J1, the switch control circuit includes a transistor Q1, diodes D1, D2, and D3, a switch S1, and a fuse F1; the input terminal of the switching power supply module is used to connect to an external AC power supply, one end of the output circuit of the solid-state relay J1 is connected to the positive input terminal of the switching power supply module, and the other end is used to output the supply voltage; the emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected to the positive output terminal of the switching power supply module through the control circuit of the solid-state relay J1, and the collector of the transistor Q1... The transistor Q1 is connected to the negative output terminal of the switching power supply module. The base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the cathode of the diode D1, the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q1, the anode of the diode D2 is connected to the anode of the diode D1, the cathode of the diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the diode D1, the anode of the diode D3 is connected to the anode of the diode D2, and the cathode of the diode D3 is connected to the cathode of the diode D2 through the fuse F1. The switch S1 is connected in parallel with the diode D3. When the relay unit includes an electromechanical relay J3, the switch control circuit includes a transistor Q3, diodes D1, D2, and D3, a switch S1, and a fuse F1, and also includes a diode D7; the input terminal of the switching power supply module is used to connect to an external AC power supply, one end of the output circuit of the electromechanical relay J3 is connected to the positive input terminal of the switching power supply module, and the other end is used to output the supply voltage; the emitter of the transistor Q3 is connected to the anode of the diode D7, and the cathode of the diode D7 is connected to the positive input terminal of the switching power supply module; the emitter of the transistor Q3 is controlled by the electromechanical relay J3. The circuit is connected to the positive output terminal of the switching power supply module. The collector of the transistor Q3 is connected to the negative output terminal of the switching power supply module. The base of the transistor Q3 is connected to the cathode of the diode D1. The anode of the diode D1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q3. The anode of the diode D2 is connected to the anode of the diode D1. The cathode of the diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the diode D1. The anode of the diode D3 is connected to the anode of the diode D2. The cathode of the diode D3 is connected to the cathode of the diode D2 through the fuse F1. The switch S1 is connected in parallel with the diode D3.

2. The circuit of a power safety controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a temperature protection circuit; The input terminal of the temperature protection circuit is connected to the positive output terminal of the switching power supply circuit, and the output terminal of the temperature protection circuit is connected to the switching control circuit through the control circuit of the relay unit.

3. The circuit of a power safety controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relay unit also includes a solid-state relay J2, and the switch control circuit also includes a transistor Q2, a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, a switch S2, and a fuse F2; One end of the output circuit of the solid-state relay J2 is connected to the positive input terminal of the switching power supply module, and the other end is used to output another power supply voltage. The emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the positive output terminal of the switching power supply module through the control circuit of the solid-state relay J2. The collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the negative output terminal of the switching power supply module. The base of the transistor Q2 is connected to the cathode of the diode D4. The anode of the diode D4 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2. The anode of the diode D5 is connected to the anode of the diode D4. The cathode of the diode D5 is connected to the cathode of the diode D4. The anode of the diode D6 is connected to the anode of the diode D5. The cathode of the diode D6 is connected to the cathode of the diode D5 through the fuse F2. The switch S2 is connected in parallel with the diode D6.

4. The circuit of a power safety controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relay unit also includes an electromechanical relay J4, and the switch control circuit also includes a transistor Q4, a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, a switch S2, and a fuse F2, and also includes a diode D8; One end of the output circuit of the electromechanical relay J4 is connected to the positive input terminal of the switching power supply module, and the other end is used to output another power supply voltage. The emitter of the transistor Q4 is connected to the positive output terminal of the switching power supply module through the control circuit of the electromechanical relay J4. The emitter of the transistor Q4 is connected to the anode of the diode D8. The cathode of the diode D8 is connected to the positive input terminal of the switching power supply module. The collector of the transistor Q4 is connected to the negative output terminal of the switching power supply module. The base of the transistor Q4 is connected to the cathode of the diode D4. The anode of the diode D4 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q4. The anode of the diode D5 is connected to the anode of the diode D4. The cathode of the diode D5 is connected to the cathode of the diode D4. The anode of the diode D6 is connected to the anode of the diode D5. The cathode of the diode D6 is connected to the cathode of the diode D5 through the fuse F2. The switch S1 is connected in parallel with the diode D6.

5. The circuit of a power safety controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a temperature protector RT1, which is connected in series to the positive output terminal of the switching power supply module.

6. The circuit of a power safety controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a resistor R1, which is connected in series to the positive output terminal of the switching power supply module.

7. A device for a power safety controller, characterized in that, The device includes a housing and a circuit board having the circuitry of a power safety controller as described in any one of claims 1-6, the circuit board being disposed within the housing.

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