Method for constructing underground wine cellar by filling mining with coal mine structure

Abstract

The application discloses a method for constructing underground wine cellars by filling and mining coal mine structure, which comprises the following steps: (1) establishing underground space: selecting coal seam, drilling well, and digging roadway; (2) strip filling the underground space: firstly, strip mining the selected coal seam, mining one section and leaving one section, and then strip filling by using high-strength gangue cementation filling material, and if necessary, reinforcing steel bars can be added to the filling body to further increase the strength of the filling body; (3) constructing waterproof and heat preservation layer and installing supporting facilities: the underground space is provided with wine making warehouse, wine storage warehouse, ventilation system, waterproof foam heat preservation layer, heating and heat preservation system, temperature and humidity monitoring system, and strip filling body bearing structure. The application can effectively utilize the underground space, and the underground space can be used as wine making and storage space, so that a large amount of ground space can be saved, land occupation is reduced, and the environment is protected.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a method for constructing an underground liquor warehouse by using coal mine structure filling mining, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine underground space development and utilization. BACKGROUND

[0002] Shanxi Province has a large amount of coal resources. In the past, the coal resources were overexploited using the caving method, causing a series of problems such as ground subsidence and soil erosion. In order to solve these problems and respond to the call of the state to protect the environment, coal mine filling mining technology has been widely used.

[0003] However, the coal mine filling mining technology still has problems such as high filling cost, large amount of material usage, and low utilization rate of underground space in goaf. In view of these problems, some scholars have proposed a structure filling mining technology (Feng Guorui, Du Xianjie, Guo Yuxia, etc., Structure filling mining basic theory and underground space utilization concept [J], Journal of Coal, 2019, 44(01): 74-84.), which is a filling mining method that controls the movement and deformation of overlying strata by arranging structure filling bodies at key positions in goaf according to the distribution of coal seams and the characteristics of surrounding rocks before mining and by utilizing solid waste resources. This mining method can also construct a large number of long-term stable underground spaces in the goaf of coal mines, and can be utilized according to specific needs.

[0004] Shanxi Province has well-known liquor enterprises in China. In the liquor brewing process, a large amount of constant temperature and humidity light-avoiding environment is needed to store high-quality liquor. The area occupied by a liquor storage tank is between 1 to 20 square meters. The space required for a large-scale production enterprise to brew a batch of liquor can be tens of thousands of square meters, which will cost a considerable amount of money. The area of a single working face goaf in a coal mine can reach tens of thousands of square meters, and the total goaf area of many coal mines can reach more than 1 square kilometer or even more, which can fully meet the area requirement for liquor brewing.

[0005] In summary, using coal mine structure filling mining to construct an underground liquor warehouse will be a cost-saving and high-quality liquor brewing solution. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the problems of low utilization rate of underground space left after coal mining and the need for a large amount of constant temperature and humidity light-avoiding space for liquor brewing, the present application provides a method for constructing an underground liquor warehouse by using coal mine structure filling mining.

[0007] The underground space obtained by structure filling mining has the advantages of stable internal environment, little influence from the surface environment, and saving of surface space, etc., and is suitable for storing materials such as liquor that need long-term stable space storage.

[0008] The application provides a method for constructing an underground wine cellar by using coal mine structure filling mining, which comprises the following steps:

[0009] (1) Establishing an underground space: selecting a coal seam, drilling a well, and excavating a roadway;

[0010] The underground space required in the application needs to be flat, and the immediate roof is complete and not easy to break; when establishing the underground space, the selected coal seam is required to be relatively flat and the overlying rock layer is not a soft rock layer;

[0011] (2) Strip structure filling of the underground space:

[0012] The establishment mode of the underground space is as follows: after selecting a coal seam, a vertical shaft with a side length of 3-4 meters is first drilled and an elevator is installed in the vertical shaft; a main roadway is excavated in the selected coal seam from the wellhead; then, inclined strip mining is carried out; a small roadway with a width of 1-4 meters is excavated every 2-5 meters vertically from the boundary of the main roadway; the working face is divided into multiple strips; one strip is mined every other strip; then, a template is constructed at the position where mining is completed; high-strength gangue cementing filling material is injected into the template for strip filling; if necessary, steel bars can be added to the filling body to further increase the strength of the filling body; after the filling body is consolidated and maintained for at least 28 days, so that it has a compressive strength of not less than 6 MPa, the remaining strips of coal between the filling bodies are mined; finally, the ground is leveled to form an underground space for constructing an underground wine cellar.

[0013] (3) Construction of a waterproof and heat-insulating layer and installation of supporting facilities:

[0014] The underground wine cellar constructed by using the above-mentioned structure filling mining method comprises an underground space obtained by structure filling mining, and the underground space is provided with a wine making warehouse, a wine storage warehouse, a ventilation system, a waterproof foam heat-insulating layer, a heating and heat-insulating system, a temperature and humidity monitoring system, and a strip filling body bearing structure.

[0015] Further, the filling material selected is a gangue aggregate cementing filling material, and the raw materials are coal gangue, fly ash, cement, and water; the ratio of the components of the filling material is selected as follows: cement: fly ash: coal gangue: water is 0.9-1.1: 1.8-2.2: 4.5-5.5: 1.8-2.2; according to the depth of the mine and the different pressures of the upper rock layer, when the bearing capacity provided by the filling body is less than 1.2 times the pressure of the upper rock layer, 80-100 kg of steel bars are added per cubic meter of the filling body. The prepared filling material is used to make a strip filling body through the following steps: template plugging strip port, slurry filling strip, layered filling, and roof abutting filling.

[0016] The wine-making room is located near the entrance of the underground space, and the wine storage room is located far from the entrance of the underground space. Wine conveying pipes are installed below the wine-making room, and the wine conveying pipes are connected to the wine storage room. The two ends of each wine conveying pipe are provided with valves. The wine that has completed the preliminary brewing can be conveyed to the wine storage room through the pipes after the valves are opened to complete the further aging.

[0017] The ventilation system includes fans and pipes. The pipes are divided into main pipes and branch pipes. The branch pipes are evenly distributed in the underground space and converge on the main pipes like a tree. The main pipes are provided with fans and are connected to the ground. The pipes are connected by bolts. The fans and pipes are fixed by bolts and face the entrance of the underground space to help maintain the humidity and oxygen content of the underground space constant during the brewing and storage of the wine.

[0018] The waterproof foam insulation layer includes a waterproof layer and an insulation layer. The purpose is to prevent groundwater from entering and to help maintain the temperature in the underground space in winter. The waterproof layer is made of 100 to 200 mm thick waterproof concrete mortar and is arranged on the surrounding rock walls and top and bottom plates of the underground space by spraying. The insulation layer is made of 50 to 200 mm thick fireproof foam and is sprayed on the waterproof layer of the surrounding rock walls and top plate of the underground space.

[0019] The heating and insulation system includes a boiler, a water pump, a heating pipe, and a heat dissipation device. The purpose is to ensure a stable temperature in the underground space in winter. The boiler is installed on the ground and connected to the heating pipe. When the thermometer shows that the room temperature is lower than or will be lower than the suitable brewing temperature, the staff can start the boiler to heat the water in the pipe. The heating pipe is a set of parallel water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe. The two ends of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are connected to the boiler and the heat dissipation device, respectively. Hot water is transported into the heat dissipation device in the underground space through the water inlet pipe. The heat dissipation device is composed of several iron heat dissipation pieces connected to the pipe and used to dissipate the heat in the hot water. Then the low-temperature water returns to the boiler through the water outlet pipe. A heat dissipation device is arranged every 10 to 15 meters.

[0020] The temperature and humidity monitoring system includes a thermometer and a hygrometer, and a set is arranged every 30 meters. The temperature and humidity monitoring system is arranged at least 3 meters away from the heat dissipation device to facilitate the staff to check the temperature and humidity in the current area.

[0021] The strip filling body bearing structure refers to arranging 1-4m wide strip type structure filling body at intervals of 2-5m in the goaf to bear the overburden pressure, control the movement deformation and structure damage of the overburden, fill along with mining, and achieve the purpose of preventing roof collapse. Through the strip filling, a "filling strip-direct roof" structure control system can be finally formed to form a stable space in the underground goaf. When the strip filling body bearing structure is made, the crossheading can be excavated along the working face, then the crossheading is excavated to the side boundary of the working face every 1-4m distance to form a mining and filling unit, and finally the strip filling body is made by the steps of template blocking strip port, slurry filling strip, layered filling and roof connecting filling in the mining and filling unit.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0023] (1) The present application makes full use of the developed coal industry in Shanxi Province, and a large number of coal mines to be filled and mined, and effectively utilizes the underground space as a wine cellar. Wine making requires a large amount of constant temperature and humidity light-proof space. Using underground space as a wine making space can save a large amount of above-ground space, reduce land occupation, save the funds for purchasing land and building a wine cellar, and protect the environment.

[0024] (2) The underground space constructed by the present application has the advantages of small influence of surface seasons and weather on temperature and humidity, good anti-theft performance, etc., which can effectively improve the quality of wine and reduce the cost of winter heating and security.

[0025] (3) The underground wine cellar constructed by the present application can maximize the use of existing resources, and has the advantages of simple operation and easy popularization.

[0026] (4) The underground wine cellar constructed by the present application is still a stable underground space after it is stopped using, which is convenient for modification for other purposes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Fig. 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall arrangement of the underground wine cellar of the present application;

[0028] Fig. 2 It is a schematic diagram of the ventilation system of the present application;

[0029] Fig. 3 It is a schematic diagram of the heating and insulation system of the present application;

[0030] In the drawings: 1-wine storage warehouse; 2-wine making warehouse; 3-filling body; 4-wine conveying pipeline; 5-inlet; 6-temperature and humidity monitoring system; 7-fireproof foam insulation layer; 8-waterproof concrete mortar layer; 9-main pipeline of ventilation system; 10-branch pipeline of ventilation system; 11-fan; 12-radiation device; 13-water inlet pipe; 14-water outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further illustrated by the following embodiments, but is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0032] like Figs. 1-3 As shown, the overall structural layout of the underground space is as follows: Fig. 1 As shown, the underground space needs to be flat, with an intact roof that is not easily broken; the coal seam selected for construction must be relatively flat and the overlying rock strata must not be soft; within the formed underground space, the brewing chamber 2 is located near the entrance 5, while the storage chamber 1 is located further away from the entrance. A wine conveying pipe 4 is installed below the brewing chamber, connecting to the storage chamber 1. Each end of the conveying pipe 4 is equipped with a valve, allowing the initially brewed wine to be transported to the storage chamber for further aging after the valves are opened. Fig. 1 As shown, a winemaking chamber 2 is set at the lower entrance of the shaft. The winemaking chamber 2 is connected to the wine storage chamber 1 in the adjacent space (separated by the filling body 3) through a pipe.

[0033] The ventilation system includes a fan 11 and ducts. The ducts are divided into a main ventilation duct 9 and branch ventilation ducts 10. The branch ducts 10 are evenly distributed throughout the underground space, converging on the main duct 9 in a tree-like pattern. The fan 11 is installed in the main duct 9, which leads to the ground. The ducts are connected by bolts. The fan is fixed to the ducts with bolts, facing the entrance of the underground space, and plays a role in air extraction. This helps to maintain a constant humidity level in the underground space and keep the oxygen content constant during the brewing and storage of the wine.

[0034] The waterproof foam insulation layer 7 comprises a waterproof layer and an insulation layer, designed to prevent groundwater intrusion and help maintain the temperature in the underground space during winter. The waterproof layer is made of a 100 to 200 mm thick layer of waterproof concrete mortar 8, which is sprayed onto the surrounding rock walls and the top and bottom slabs of the underground space; the insulation layer is made of a 50 to 200 mm thick layer of fireproof foam, which is sprayed onto the waterproof layer on the surrounding rock walls and the top slab of the underground space.

[0035] The heating and temperature maintaining system comprises a boiler, a water pump, a heating pipeline and a heat dissipating device 12, and aims to maintain a stable temperature in the underground space in winter. The boiler is arranged on the ground and connected with the pipeline. When the thermometer shows that the room temperature is lower than or is about to be lower than the temperature suitable for brewing, the staff can start the boiler to heat the water in the pipeline. The heating pipeline comprises parallel water inlet pipes 13 and water outlet pipes 14, the two ends of the water inlet pipes 13 and the water outlet pipes 14 are connected with the boiler and the heat dissipating device 12 respectively, the hot water is transported into the heat dissipating device in the underground space through the water inlet pipes, the heat dissipating device is composed of several iron heat dissipating fins connected with the pipeline and used for dissipating the heat in the hot water, and then the low-temperature water returns to the boiler through the water outlet pipes. The heat dissipating devices are arranged every 10 to 15 meters.

[0036] The temperature and humidity monitoring system comprises thermometers and hygrometers, and one set is arranged every 30 meters and arranged at a position at least 3 meters away from the heat dissipating device, so that the staff can check the temperature and humidity in the current area.

[0037] The strip filling body bearing structure is a strip structure filling body 3 with a width of 1 to 4 meters arranged every 2 to 5 meters in the goaf, which is used to bear the overburden pressure, control the deformation and structure damage of the overburden, and achieve the purpose of preventing the roof from falling by mining and filling simultaneously. The strip filling body bearing structure can finally form a "filling strip-direct roof" structure control system to form a stable space in the underground goaf. When the strip filling body bearing structure is made, the crossheading can be excavated along the working face, then the crossheading is excavated to the side boundary of the working face every 1 to 4 meters to form a mining and filling unit, and finally the strip filling body is made in the mining and filling unit through the steps of sealing the strip opening by a template, filling the strip with slurry, layered filling and top connecting filling.

[0038] The method for constructing the underground wine cellar by using the coal mine structure filling mining according to the present application is described by the following specific examples. Embodiment

[0039] A working face suitable for strip filling mining in a certain mine of Fenyan Huozhou Fenyan Mine in Shanxi is taken as an example to be designed by using the present application.

[0040] In this example, the working face has a buried depth of 330 to 410 meters, and the coal seam is relatively flat, and the overburden is not soft rock. A vertical shaft with a side length of 4 meters is first drilled from the ground, and an elevator is installed in the vertical shaft. The main roadway is excavated in the coal seam from the vertical shaft of the working face, and then the strip mining is performed in the inclination direction. Considering the depth of the mine, the width of the strip filling body 3 in this design is 3 meters, and the interval is 4 meters. Every 4 meters, a space with a width of 3 meters is mined by the strip mining method, a template is erected in the space, and the filling material is injected into the space.

[0041] The filling material of the filling body 3 in this example is gangue aggregate cemented filling material, and the raw materials are coal gangue, fly ash, cement and water. The mass ratio of the components of the filling material is selected as follows: cement: fly ash: coal gangue: water = 1:2:5:2. The filling material is made into a strip filling body through the following steps: template plugging strip opening, strip filling of slurry, layered filling and top connecting filling.

[0042] After the filling is completed, water is sprayed for 28 days for curing, so that the filling body has sufficient strength. Then, all the residual coal between the filling bodies is mined to obtain the underground space required for the construction of the underground wine cellar.

[0043] According to the distance between the filling bodies, the wine storage bin 1 is designed as a ceramic cylindrical container with a diameter of 2 meters and a height of 1 meter, which is vertically placed. The wine making bin 2 is designed as a stainless steel container with a diameter of 3 meters and a length of 4 meters, which is horizontally placed on a 1.2-meter-high stainless steel support. An inlet is arranged on the top of the wine making bin 2, and a pipeline 4 with a valve is connected to the bottom of the wine making bin 2. The outlet of the pipeline 4 is placed below the wine storage bin 1.

[0044] In order to facilitate transportation, the entrance 5 of the underground space is designed to be 4 meters high and 5 meters wide.

[0045] A ventilation system branch pipeline 10 connected to the ventilation system main pipeline 9 is hung below the roof between every two strip filling bodies and the filling body 3 and the rock wall. A fan 11 is arranged at the connection between the ventilation system main pipeline 9 and the ventilation system branch pipeline 10 and near the entrance 5 of the underground space.

[0046] In order to prevent groundwater from entering, a 200mm-thick waterproof concrete mortar layer 8 is arranged on the rock walls and the roof and floor of the underground space.

[0047] Considering the winter temperature in Shanxi Province, a heat dissipation device 12 is arranged every 10 meters between every two strip filling bodies 3 and the filling body and the rock wall. The heat dissipation device 12 is connected to a boiler on the ground through a water inlet pipe 13 and a water outlet pipe 14 via a vertical shaft. A 100mm-thick fireproof foam insulation layer 7 is arranged on the waterproof concrete layer 8 of the rock walls and the roof of the underground space.

[0048] A temperature and humidity monitoring system 6 is arranged every 30 meters in the underground space.

[0049] The lighting and fans in the underground space are powered by 220V alternating current provided from the ground, and the wires are waterproofed.

Claims

1. A method for constructing an underground wine cellar by using coal mine structure filling mining, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: (1) Establishing underground space: selecting coal seam, drilling well, and excavating roadway; When establishing underground space, the selected coal seam is required to be relatively flat and the overlying rock layer is not soft rock layer, and the required underground space needs to be flat, and the immediate roof is complete and not easy to break; (2) Strip structure filling of underground space: After selecting the coal seam, a vertical shaft with a side length of 3-4 meters is drilled from the ground, and an elevator is installed in the vertical shaft. A main roadway is excavated in the selected coal seam from the wellhead, and then inclined strip mining is carried out. A small roadway with a width of 1-4 meters is excavated every 2-5 meters vertically from the boundary of the main roadway. The working face is divided into multiple strips, one strip is mined every interval, and then a template is constructed in the mined strip. High-strength gangue cementing filling material is injected into the template for strip filling. After the filling body is consolidated and maintained for at least 28 days, the remaining strip of the filling body is mined, and finally the ground is leveled to form an underground space for building an underground wine cellar. (3) Construction of waterproof and heat insulation layer and installation of supporting facilities: The underground space constructed by the above structure filling mining method comprises a wine making warehouse, a wine storage warehouse, a ventilation system, a waterproof foam heat insulation layer, a heating and insulation system, a temperature and humidity monitoring system, and a strip filling body bearing structure. The wine making warehouse is located near the entrance of the underground space, and the wine storage warehouse is located far from the entrance of the underground space. A wine conveying pipeline is installed below the wine making warehouse, and the wine conveying pipeline is connected to the wine storage warehouse. Valves are installed at both ends of each wine conveying pipeline. The wine that has been preliminarily brewed is conveyed to the wine storage warehouse through the pipeline after the valves are opened to complete further aging. The ventilation system comprises a fan and a pipeline. The pipeline is divided into a main pipeline of the ventilation system and branch pipelines of the ventilation system. The branch pipelines are uniformly distributed in the entire underground space and are collected on the main pipeline in a tree shape. The fan is installed in the main pipeline, and the main pipeline leads to the ground. The waterproof foam heat insulation layer comprises a waterproof layer and a heat insulation layer, which aims to prevent groundwater from entering and assist in maintaining the temperature in the underground space in winter. The heating and insulation system comprises a boiler, a water pump, a heating pipeline, and a heat dissipation device, which aims to ensure a stable temperature in the underground space in winter. The temperature and humidity monitoring system comprises a thermometer and a hygrometer, and one set is arranged every 30 meters, which is arranged at a position at least 3 meters away from the heat dissipation device. The strip filling body bearing structure refers to a strip structure filling body with a width of 1-4 meters arranged every 2-5 meters in the goaf to bear the overburden pressure, control the movement and deformation of the overburden, and prevent the roof from collapsing.

2. The method for constructing an underground wine cellar by using coal mine structure filling mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling body is a gangue aggregate cementing filling material, which comprises coal gangue, fly ash, cement, and water. The ratio of the components of the filling material is selected as follows: cement: fly ash: coal gangue: water = 0.9-1.1: 1.8-2.2: 4.5-5.5: 1.8-2.

2. The prepared filling material is used to make the strip filling body through template plugging strip port, slurry filling strip, layered filling, and top connecting filling.

3. The method for constructing an underground wine cellar by using coal mine structure filling mining according to claim 2, characterized in that: According to the depth of the mine and the pressure of the upper rock stratum, when the bearing capacity provided by the filling body is less than 1.2 times of the pressure of the upper rock stratum, steel bars are added to the filling material to increase the strength of the filling body; 80-100 kg of steel bars are added per cubic meter of the filling body.

4. The method for constructing an underground wine cellar by using coal mine structure filling mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipes of the ventilation system are connected by bolts; the fan is fixed to the pipe by bolts, and the direction is towards the entrance of the underground space, which plays the role of air extraction, can help to keep the humidity of the underground space constant, and keep the oxygen content of the underground space constant during the brewing and storage process.

5. The method for constructing an underground wine cellar by using coal mine structure filling mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof layer is made of waterproof concrete mortar with a thickness of 100-200 mm, which is arranged on the surrounding rock wall, top and bottom plate of the underground space by spraying; the thermal insulation layer is made of fireproof foam with a thickness of 50-200 mm, which is sprayed on the waterproof layer of the surrounding rock wall and top plate of the underground space.

6. The method for constructing an underground wine cellar by using coal mine structure filling mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boiler of the heating and insulation system is set on the ground, connected to the heating pipe, and the heating pipe is parallelly arranged with the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, and the two ends of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively connected to the boiler and the heat dissipation device; when the thermometer shows that the room temperature is lower than or will be lower than the brewing temperature, the staff starts the boiler to heat the water in the water inlet pipe; the hot water is transported to the heat dissipation device in the underground space through the water inlet pipe, and the heat dissipation device is composed of several iron heat dissipation pieces connected to the pipe, which is used to diffuse the heat in the hot water, and then the low-temperature water returns to the boiler through the water outlet pipe; the heat dissipation device is arranged every 10-15 meters.

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