Intelligent waterproof and drainage system for water-rich tunnel and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of intelligent water-rich tunnel drainage systems and construction method thereof, comprising the following steps: S1. preliminary completion each waterproofing construction, establish waterproofing construction control parameter database, and connect it into central drainage control system;S2. the groundwater behind lining arch wall is discharged into two side box side ditch collection and drainage passage;S3. the water in the bed of drainage channel and the water under the bottom plate are discharged into the central water collection ditch, realizing collaborative drainage;S4. dynamic acquisition two side box side ditch monitoring data, establish relationship function, and feedback processing to central drainage control system;S5. whether the drainage capacity is over limit is judged, and corresponding over limit processing measures are taken, and sample database is updated synchronously. Q The application can optimize tunnel drainage system by real-time adjusting waterproofing construction parameters according to the relationship function of drainage capacity monitoring measurement data during water-rich tunnel construction, realize intelligent and informationized drainage, and fully guarantee tunnel construction safety and quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to an intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Water-rich strata are widely distributed in western my country, making water-rich tunnels highly susceptible to geological disasters such as sudden water inrush, mudslides, and landslides, severely restricting tunnel construction. The "drainage-oriented" water management strategy easily leads to water waste in tunnel areas and has long-term adverse effects on the ecological environment. In recent years, although the comprehensive water management concept of "blocking as the main approach, with limited discharge" has been increasingly popularized and deepened in the tunnel engineering field, in actual engineering construction, the grouting rings, water-pressure-resistant linings, drainage systems, and drainage methods within the "blocking and limiting discharge" structural system still need further optimization. Based on this, this invention proposes an intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels and its construction method. The system adjusts drainage and waterproofing control parameters according to a relational function, monitors and regulates in real time, optimizes the tunnel drainage and waterproofing system, and achieves intelligent and information-based drainage. This results in efficient and rapid drainage, fully ensuring tunnel construction safety and providing a reference for similar projects. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention provides an intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels and its construction method.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A construction method for an intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels includes the following steps:

[0006] S1: Initially complete all waterproofing and drainage construction work, establish a database of waterproofing and drainage construction control parameters, and connect it to the central drainage control system; the waterproofing and drainage construction control parameters include the tunnel's stable drainage volume. Q Lining deformation B Lining permeability coefficient k Water flow velocity v , q Surrounding rock pressure, water pressure P Water level h Hydraulic gradient I；

[0007] S2: Water from the lining arch is collected and discharged into the side ditch drainage channel of the box body on both sides through the drain hole, circumferential permeable blind pipe, longitudinal drainage pipe and transverse drainage pipe.

[0008] S3: The water accumulated in the drainage bed and under the bottom plate is discharged into the central collection ditch through the central water inlet channel and vertical drainage pipe, and coordinated with the side drainage channels of the two box bodies to achieve drainage.

[0009] S4: Dynamically collect monitoring data of the side ditches of both sides of the box, establish a relationship function, and feed it back to the central drainage control system;

[0010]

[0011] S5: Collect the stable drainage volume of the tunnel. Q and lining deformation B Each parameter is compared with its baseline limit to determine whether it exceeds the limit. If it does not exceed the limit, construction continues. If it exceeds the limit, drainage measures are taken to address the excess. After the tunnel's drainage and waterproofing effect passes the acceptance test, the drainage and waterproofing control parameters are stored in and the sample database is updated, and the next cycle begins until the tunnel is completed.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S1, the initial waterproofing and drainage construction is completed, including the initial support self-waterproofing construction, laying of waterproof membrane, water-proof layer and waterproof coating, construction of drainage system, construction of side ditches and drainage channels on both sides of the box body and construction of central water collection ditch.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S2, hydraulic monitoring modules and deformation and stress monitoring modules are installed on the outer side and bottom of the box-shaped side ditch drainage channel to obtain drainage construction control parameter data; the drainage holes, circumferential permeable blind pipes, longitudinal drainage pipes, vertical drainage pipes, transverse drainage pipes, box-shaped side ditch drainage channel and monitoring modules are all symmetrically arranged about the centerline of the tunnel.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S4, the monitoring frequency is once every 1 to 2 hours. The monitoring data is processed through a relational function and fed back to the central control system in a timely manner.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S5, the benchmark limit for tunnel stable drainage is determined based on the tunnel cross-section and longitudinal slope design.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S5, the measures to handle excessive drainage include setting up drainage tunnels, drainage holes, and manholes to dewater, ensuring that the stable drainage volume of the tunnel is within the benchmark limit.

[0017] Furthermore, the intelligent drainage system for the water-rich tunnel includes a central drainage control system, a tunnel lining waterproofing system, a tunnel lining external drainage system, a tunnel lining internal drainage system, and a drainage construction control parameter monitoring system. The central drainage control system is used to centrally regulate each subsystem and database, enabling data interaction and integrated processing. The tunnel lining waterproofing system is used to seal groundwater, ensuring the waterproofing capacity of the lining structure and enabling it to function properly. The tunnel lining external drainage system is used to guide and collect seepage water from the surrounding rock and groundwater that passes through the primary support and is blocked by the secondary lining, leading to drainage trenches. The tunnel lining internal drainage system is used to discharge groundwater, track bed water, water under the foundation slab, and other wastewater to the outside of the tunnel. The drainage construction control parameter monitoring system is used to monitor and collect relevant control parameters and feed them back to the central drainage control system.

[0018] The tunnel lining waterproofing system, from the outside in, includes a grouting and sealing module, EVA waterproofing membrane and geotextile, waterproof layer and waterproof coating; drainage holes, side ditches and drainage channels on both sides of the box body, circumferential permeable blind pipes, longitudinal drainage pipes, and transverse drainage pipes together constitute the external drainage system of the tunnel lining; vertical drainage pipes, transverse drainage pipes, central water diversion channel, and central water collection ditch together constitute the internal drainage system of the tunnel lining; the waterproofing and drainage construction control parameter monitoring system includes a hydraulic monitoring module and a deformation and stress monitoring module.

[0019] Furthermore, the internal clearance dimensions and drainage capacity of the side drainage channels of the two box-shaped structures should meet the requirements, and the groundwater around the tunnel should be discharged quickly and efficiently through the circumferential permeable blind pipes and longitudinal drainage pipes bent into the box-shaped structures; the four corners of the side drainage channels of the two box-shaped structures are designed with rounded corners to minimize stress concentration and increase structural stability.

[0020] Furthermore, the tunnel lining is constructed from the inside out by sequentially installing a waterproof coating + waterproof layer, a waterproof membrane + geotextile, and circumferential permeable blind pipes. The diameter of the circumferential permeable blind pipes is 60mm, and the longitudinal spacing is 2m in sections with abundant water or groundwater.

[0021] Furthermore, a longitudinal central water diversion channel with a diameter of 18cm is set at the center of the tunnel floor to divert water accumulated in the track bed and under the floor into a central collection ditch. The central collection ditch is made of a Class III reinforced concrete pipe with a diameter of 80cm and a wall thickness of 12cm, wrapped with geotextile, and fitted with a C20 concrete pipe seat. The ditch is backfilled with crushed stone. Multiple self-adhesive strips are set on the front and back of the waterproof layer to bond and fix it to the waterproof membrane. The waterproof membrane is 1.5mm thick. The waterproof coating is a high-elastic polyurethane waterproof coating.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] This invention follows the principle of "primarily blocking, with limited discharge." Compared to traditional drainage methods, this invention employs a combined drainage system of side drainage channels and a central collection ditch, significantly increasing drainage space and capacity, shortening the drainage path, and achieving efficient and rapid drainage. It optimizes the tunnel's drainage system and achieves intelligent and information-based drainage, adjusting drainage control parameters according to relational functions, and monitoring and regulating the tunnel's stable drainage volume and lining deformation in real time. This effectively prevents sudden water inrush disasters, allows the lining structure to fully function, and ensures tunnel construction safety, quality, progress, efficiency, and operational safety. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels and its construction method.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] An intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels and its construction method, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0029] S1: Initial completion of various waterproofing and drainage construction works, establishment of a waterproofing and drainage construction control parameter database, and connection to the central drainage control system 1; the initial completion of various waterproofing and drainage construction works mainly includes initial support self-waterproofing construction, laying of waterproof membrane, water-proof layer and waterproof coating, construction of drainage system, construction of side drainage channels 2 for both box bodies and construction of central drainage ditch 3. The waterproofing and drainage construction control parameters mainly include the tunnel stable drainage volume. Q Lining deformation B Lining permeability coefficientk Water flow velocity v , q Surrounding rock pressure, water pressure P Water level h Hydraulic gradient I wait.

[0030] S2: Water from the lining arch is collected into the side drainage channels 2 of the box-shaped structures on both sides and discharged through the drainage holes 4, circumferential permeable blind pipes 5, longitudinal drainage pipes 6, and transverse drainage pipes 7; hydraulic monitoring modules 9 and deformation and stress monitoring modules 10 are installed on the outer side and bottom of the side drainage channels 2 of the box-shaped structures to obtain the control parameter data of the drainage construction; the drainage holes 4, circumferential permeable blind pipes 5, longitudinal drainage pipes 6, transverse drainage pipes 7, side drainage channels 2 of the box-shaped structures and each monitoring module are symmetrically arranged about the centerline of the tunnel.

[0031] S3: The water collected in the track bed and under the floor slab is drained into the central collection ditch 3 through the central water diversion channel 11 and the vertical drainage pipe 8, and is discharged in coordination with the side drainage channels 2 of the two box bodies to achieve coordinated drainage; the drainage in the tunnel is mainly carried out by the central collection ditch 3, and supplemented by the drainage channels 2 of the two box bodies; the inspection and maintenance requirements during operation can be met by setting inspection wells, inspection chambers and other means in the side drainage channels 2 of the two box bodies, so as to realize the requirements of convenient inspection and maintenance of the tunnel lining.

[0032] S4: Dynamically collect monitoring data of the side ditches of both sides of the tunnel, and establish a relational function. The monitoring data of the side ditches of both sides mainly includes the tunnel's stable drainage volume. Q Lining deformation B Lining permeability coefficient k Water flow velocity v , q Surrounding rock pressure, water pressure P Water level h Hydraulic gradient I The monitoring frequency is once every 1 to 2 hours, and the data is mainly collected through corresponding monitoring modules. Based on the above monitoring data, the data is processed through a relational function and then fed back to the central control system in a timely manner. The relational function is as follows:

[0033]

[0034] S6: Collect the stable drainage volume of the tunnel. Q and lining deformation BEach parameter is compared with its baseline limit to determine if it exceeds the limit. If it does not exceed the limit, construction continues. If it exceeds the limit, drainage over-limit treatment measures are taken, including setting up drainage tunnels and holes, and manhole dewatering, to ensure that the tunnel's stable drainage volume and lining deformation value are within the baseline limit. After the tunnel's drainage effect passes acceptance, the drainage control parameters are stored in and the sample database is updated, entering the next cycle until the tunnel is completed.

[0035] This invention also provides an intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels, including a central drainage control system, a tunnel lining waterproofing system, a tunnel lining external drainage system, a tunnel lining internal drainage system, and a drainage and waterproofing construction control parameter monitoring system. The central drainage control system is used to centrally regulate each subsystem and database, enabling data interaction and integrated processing. The tunnel lining waterproofing system is used to seal groundwater, ensuring the waterproofing capability of the lining structure and allowing it to function properly. The tunnel lining external drainage system is used to guide and collect seepage water from the surrounding rock and groundwater that passes through the primary support and is blocked by the secondary lining, leading to drainage trenches. The tunnel lining external drainage system is used to discharge groundwater, track bed water, water accumulated under the foundation slab, and other wastewater to the outside of the tunnel. The drainage and waterproofing construction control parameter monitoring system is used to monitor and collect relevant control parameters and feed them back to the central drainage control system.

[0036] Furthermore, the tunnel lining waterproofing system 12 includes, from the outside in, a grouting sealing module, an EVA waterproofing membrane and geotextile, a waterproof layer and a waterproof coating; the drainage hole 4, the side drainage channels 2 of the two box bodies, the circumferential permeable blind pipe 5, the longitudinal drainage pipe 6, and the transverse drainage pipe 7 together constitute the external drainage system of the tunnel lining; the vertical drainage pipe 8, the transverse drainage pipe 7, the central water diversion channel 11, and the central water collection ditch 3 together constitute the internal drainage system of the tunnel lining; the waterproofing and drainage construction control parameter monitoring system includes a hydraulic monitoring module 9 and a deformation and stress monitoring module 10, used to acquire monitoring data.

[0037] Furthermore, the internal clearance dimensions and drainage capacity of the side drainage channels 2 of the two box bodies should meet the requirements, and the groundwater around the tunnel should be discharged quickly and efficiently through the circumferential permeable blind pipe 5 and the longitudinal drainage pipe 6 bent into the box body; the four corners are designed with rounded chamfers to minimize stress concentration, increase structural stability, and the channel has a large maintenance space, is easy to operate and maintain, has less interference with construction, facilitates construction organization, and is easy to implement on the construction site.

[0038] Furthermore, from the inside out, the arch wall lining is sequentially provided with waterproof coating + waterproof layer, waterproof board + geotextile, and circumferential permeable blind pipe 5. The circumferential permeable blind pipe has a diameter of 60mm and is arranged longitudinally at 2m intervals in water-rich or groundwater-rich sections. It is also connected to the longitudinal drainage pipe 6 at both ends to fully utilize its drainage function.

[0039] Furthermore, a longitudinal central water diversion channel 11 with a diameter of 18cm is set at the center of the tunnel floor to divert water from the track bed and the floor into the central water collection ditch 3. The central water collection ditch 3 is made of a Class III reinforced concrete pipe with a diameter of 80cm and a wall thickness of 12cm, the surface is wrapped with geotextile, and a C20 concrete pipe seat is installed at the bottom. The ditch is backfilled with crushed stone.

[0040] Furthermore, multiple self-adhesive strips are respectively provided on the front and back of the waterproof layer to bond and fix it to the waterproof membrane. The waterproof membrane should preferably be laid circumferentially from bottom to top, and the ratio of the actual laid length to the arc length of the initial support base is 10:8 to ensure that the surface of the waterproof membrane is closely connected with the initial support after the concrete is poured. The thickness of the waterproof membrane is 1.5mm. The waterproof coating is a high-elastic polyurethane waterproof coating. When applying it, the thickness should be uniform, neither too thick nor too thin, and the base layer should not be exposed.

[0041] Of course, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples to clearly illustrate the present invention, and the present invention may have many other embodiments, rather than being a limitation on the implementation. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and variations according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and variations should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A construction method for an intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Initially complete all waterproofing and drainage construction work, establish a database of waterproofing and drainage construction control parameters, and connect it to the central drainage control system; the waterproofing and drainage construction control parameters include the tunnel's stable drainage volume. Q Lining deformation B Lining permeability coefficient k Water flow velocity v , q Surrounding rock pressure, water pressure P Water level h Hydraulic gradient I； S2: Water from the lining arch is collected and discharged into the side ditch drainage channel of the box body on both sides through the drain hole, circumferential permeable blind pipe, longitudinal drainage pipe and transverse drainage pipe. S3: The water accumulated in the drainage bed and under the bottom plate is discharged into the central collection ditch through the central water inlet channel and vertical drainage pipe, and coordinated with the side drainage channels of the two box bodies to achieve drainage. S4: Dynamically collect monitoring data of the side ditches of both sides of the box, establish a relationship function, and feed it back to the central drainage control system; Formula 1: ; Formula 2: ; S5: Collect the stable drainage volume of the tunnel. Q and lining deformation B Each parameter is compared with its baseline limit to determine whether it exceeds the limit. If it does not exceed the limit, construction continues. If it exceeds the limit, drainage measures are taken to address the excess. After the tunnel's drainage and waterproofing effect passes the acceptance test, the drainage and waterproofing control parameters are stored in and the sample database is updated, and the next cycle begins until the tunnel is completed.

2. The construction method of an intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the initial waterproofing and drainage construction is completed, including the initial support self-waterproofing construction, laying of waterproof board, water-proof layer and waterproof coating, construction of drainage system, construction of side ditches and drainage channels on both sides of the box body and construction of central water collection ditch.

3. The construction method of an intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, hydraulic monitoring modules and deformation and stress monitoring modules are installed on the outer side and bottom of the box-shaped side ditch drainage channel to obtain drainage construction control parameter data; the drainage holes, circumferential permeable blind pipes, longitudinal drainage pipes, vertical drainage pipes, transverse drainage pipes, box-shaped side ditch drainage channel and monitoring modules are all symmetrically arranged about the centerline of the tunnel.

4. The construction method of an intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the monitoring frequency is once every 1 to 2 hours. The monitoring data is processed through a relational function and fed back to the central control system in a timely manner.

5. The construction method of an intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the benchmark limit for stable tunnel drainage is determined based on the tunnel cross-section and longitudinal slope design.

6. The construction method of an intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the measures to handle excessive drainage include setting up drainage tunnels, drainage holes, and manholes to dewater, ensuring that the stable drainage volume of the tunnel is within the benchmark limit.

7. The construction method of an intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels employed in this method includes a central drainage control system, a tunnel lining waterproofing system, a tunnel lining external drainage system, a tunnel lining internal drainage system, and a drainage and waterproofing construction control parameter monitoring system. The central drainage control system centrally regulates and controls each subsystem and database, enabling data interaction and integrated processing. The tunnel lining waterproofing system seals groundwater, ensuring the waterproofing capacity of the lining structure and allowing it to function properly. The tunnel lining external drainage system guides and collects seepage water from the surrounding rock and groundwater that passes through the primary support and is blocked by the secondary lining, directing it to drainage trenches. The tunnel lining internal drainage system drains groundwater, track bed water, water accumulated under the foundation slab, and other wastewater to the outside of the tunnel. The drainage and waterproofing construction control parameter monitoring system monitors and collects relevant control parameters and feeds them back to the central drainage control system. The tunnel lining waterproofing system, from the outside in, includes a grouting and sealing module, EVA waterproofing membrane and geotextile, waterproof layer and waterproof coating; drainage holes, side ditches and drainage channels on both sides of the box body, circumferential permeable blind pipes, longitudinal drainage pipes, and transverse drainage pipes together constitute the external drainage system of the tunnel lining; vertical drainage pipes, transverse drainage pipes, central water diversion channel, and central water collection ditch together constitute the internal drainage system of the tunnel lining; the waterproofing and drainage construction control parameter monitoring system includes a hydraulic monitoring module and a deformation and stress monitoring module.

8. The construction method of an intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that: The internal clearance dimensions of the drainage channels in the side ditches of the two box-shaped structures should meet the requirements for water drainage capacity. The groundwater around the tunnel should be discharged quickly and efficiently through circumferential permeable blind pipes and longitudinal drainage pipes that are bent into the box-shaped structures. The four corners of the drainage channels in the side ditches of the two box-shaped structures are designed with rounded corners to minimize stress concentration and increase structural stability.

9. The construction method of an intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tunnel lining is constructed from the inside out, consisting of a waterproof coating + waterproof layer, a waterproof membrane + geotextile, and a circumferential permeable blind pipe. The circumferential permeable blind pipe has a diameter of 60mm and is spaced 2m apart longitudinally in sections with abundant water or groundwater.

10. The construction method of an intelligent drainage and waterproofing system for water-rich tunnels according to claim 8, characterized in that: A longitudinal central water diversion channel with a diameter of 18cm is set at the center of the tunnel floor to divert water accumulated in the track bed and under the floor into a central collection ditch. The central collection ditch is made of a Class III reinforced concrete pipe with a diameter of 80cm and a wall thickness of 12cm, wrapped with geotextile, and has a C20 concrete pipe seat. The ditch is backfilled with crushed stone. Multiple self-adhesive strips are set on the front and back of the waterproof layer to bond and fix it to the waterproof membrane. The waterproof membrane is 1.5mm thick. The waterproof coating is a high-elastic polyurethane waterproof coating.

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