A combined heat and power system integrated with compressed air energy storage and a method of operation

Abstract

The application discloses a combined heat and power system integrated with compressed air energy storage and an operation method thereof. The system comprises a boiler, high, medium and low pressure cylinders of a steam turbine, a condenser, a heat recovery system connected in sequence; and further comprises a steam ejector, a compressor set, a cooler set, an expander set, a heater set, an air storage chamber, a motor, a generator and various valves. In the energy storage stage in the heating season, the compressor set consumes electric energy and stores high-pressure air in the air storage chamber, and the multi-stage compression heat is used for assisting the heat supply of a heat network. In the energy release stage in the heating season, the air storage chamber releases high-pressure air and drives the generator to generate power in the expander set, and the water of the heat network is used as a multi-stage heating heat source required in the expansion process. Meanwhile, the backwater of the heat network is heated in stages, and the backwater is sequentially heated by using the extraction steam of the steam turbine to inject the exhaust steam of the low pressure cylinder of the steam turbine and the extraction steam of the third stage of the steam turbine as heat sources. The application realizes the efficient integration of the compressed air energy storage and the heat and power unit, and the energy efficiency level and the peak regulation capacity of the system are obviously improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of combined heat and power, power station peak shaving and compressed air energy storage, and in particular to a combined heat and power system integrated with compressed air energy storage and an operation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Solar energy, wind energy and other new energy generation have strong volatility and anti-peak shaving characteristics. The increase of new energy generation in the grid brings great challenges to power grid peak shaving. Combined heat and power units have high proportion and capacity in thermal power generation. Improving the deep peak shaving capacity of combined heat and power units is a key technology for absorbing renewable energy generation. The current deep peak shaving technology of conventional combined heat and power units has the following problems:

[0003] (1) The energy utilization level of electric boilers and bypass main steam peak shaving methods is low. In order to improve the heating capacity of the unit during the heat peak period, the energy efficiency of the unit will be reduced.

[0004] (2) The existing combined heat and power peak shaving system has the problems of insufficient flexibility in parameter adjustment and insufficient flexibility in selection of heat source steam. The conventional unit peak shaving technology faces the problems of low energy utilization efficiency and small peak shaving depth. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a combined heat and power system integrated with compressed air energy storage and an operation method thereof. During the energy storage period in the heating season, the compressor unit consumes electric energy and stores high-pressure air in the air storage chamber. The multi-stage compression heat is used for auxiliary heating of the heat network. During the energy release period in the heating season, the air storage chamber releases high-pressure air and does work in the expander unit to drive the generator to generate electricity. The heat network water is used as the multi-stage heating heat source required in the expansion process. At the same time, the return water of the heat network is heated in stages, and the turbine extraction steam is used to inject the turbine low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam and the turbine third-stage extraction steam as heat sources in turn. The present application realizes the efficient integration of compressed air energy storage and combined heat and power units, and the energy efficiency and peak shaving capacity of the system are significantly improved. The present application realizes the flexible and rapid switching of the working mode of the power station system during the peak-low (energy storage-energy release) period, and realizes the orderly utilization of energy in the peak shaving process. The energy utilization efficiency is high, the peak shaving depth is large, and the parameter adjustment is flexible.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0007] A cogeneration system with integrated compressed air energy storage includes a main steam side of a boiler 101, a high-pressure cylinder 102 of a steam turbine, a reheat steam side of the boiler 101, an intermediate-pressure cylinder 103 of a steam turbine, a low-pressure cylinder 104 of a steam turbine, a condenser 105, a condensate pump 106, a low-pressure heater group 107, a deaerator 108, a feedwater pump 109, a high-pressure heater group 110 and a main steam side of the boiler 101, which are connected in sequence; the exhaust pipe of the high-pressure cylinder 102 is connected to the first-stage heat recovery steam extraction pipe, and is connected to the ejector steam side of the ejector 118 through a control valve A 112; the second-stage extraction steam, the third-stage extraction steam and the fourth-stage extraction steam pipes, which are connected to the intermediate-pressure cylinder 103 and whose pressures decrease in sequence, are connected through control valves A and B respectively. The valve B 113, the control valve C 114 and the control valve D 115 are connected to the induced steam side of the ejector 118; the third-stage extraction steam pipeline is connected to the deaerator 108; the exhaust steam pipeline of the low-pressure cylinder 104 is connected to the induced steam side of the ejector 118 through the regulating valve A 117; the fourth-stage extraction steam pipeline is connected to the tube side inlet of the heat network heater A 121 through the regulating valve B 116; the outlet of the ejector 118 is connected to the tube side of the heat network heater B 120, the tube side outlet of the heat network heater A 121 and the deaerator 108 in sequence; the heat network return water pipeline is divided into two paths by the three-way control valve A 119, one path passes through the shell side of the heat network heater B 120, the heat network heater A 121 and the deaerator 108 in sequence. The shell side of heater A 121 is connected to the water supply pipeline of the heating network, and the other side is connected to the regulating water pump 122 through a pipeline; the regulating water pump 122 is connected to the conversion valve A 224 and the conversion valve C 222 respectively through pipelines; the shell side outlet of the heating network heater A 121 is also connected to the three-way regulating valve D 230 through the pipeline where the conversion valve B 223 is located; the three-way regulating valve D 230 is connected to the three-way regulating valve E 231, the three-way regulating valve F 232, the pipe side of the expansion heater A 221 and the conversion valve A 224 in sequence through pipelines; the three-way regulating valve D 230, the three-way regulating valve E 231 and the three-way regulating valve F 232 are connected to the expansion heater D 218, the expansion heater C 219 and the expansion heater respectively. The pipe side of B 220 is connected to the pipe side outlet of expansion heater A 221; the switching valve C 222 is connected to the pipe side inlets of compression cooler A 208, compression cooler B 207, compression cooler C 206, and compression cooler D 205 through pipelines; the pipe side outlets of compression cooler A 208 and compression cooler B 207 are respectively connected to three-way regulating valve C 229 through pipelines, and the pipe side outlets of compression cooler C 206 and compression cooler D 205 are respectively connected to three-way regulating valve B 228 and three-way regulating valve A 227 through pipelines; the three-way regulating valve C 229 is connected to three-way regulating valve B 228, three-way regulating valve A 227, and the heat network water supply pipeline in sequence through pipelines;The ambient air duct is connected in sequence to the compressor A 201, the compression cooler D 205 shell side, the compressor B 202, the compression cooler C 206 shell side, the compressor C 203, the compression cooler B 207 shell side, the compressor D 204, the compression cooler A 208 shell side, the regulating valve C 225, the air storage chamber 210, the regulating valve D 226, the throttle valve 221, the expander A 214, the expansion heater D 218 shell side, the expander B 215, the expansion heater C 219 shell side, the expander C 216, the expansion heater B 220 shell side, the expander D 217, the expansion heater The shell side of heat exchanger A 221 and the external environment; compressor A 201, compressor B 202, compressor C 203, and compressor D 204 are each connected to the rotating shaft of motor 209 via a mechanical shaft; expander A 214, expander B 215, expander C 216, and expander D 217 are sequentially connected to the rotating shaft of generator 212 via a mechanical shaft; the high-pressure cylinder 102, intermediate-pressure cylinder 103, and low-pressure cylinder 104 of the steam turbine are sequentially connected to the rotating shaft of power station generator 111 via a mechanical shaft; and power station generator 111 is sequentially connected to switch 213 and motor 209 via an electrical circuit.

[0008] The operation method of the cogeneration system with integrated compressed air energy storage is as follows during the energy storage phase of the heating season: the expansion unit and the expansion heater are not working, while the compressor unit and the compression cooler are working, so that high-pressure air is stored in the air storage chamber 210; the switching valve A 224, the switching valve B 223 and the regulating valve D 226 are closed, the switching valve C 222 and the regulating valve C 225 are opened, and the switch 213 is closed; the regulating water pump 122 is regulated so that the working medium in the pipeline where the switching valve C 222 is located is Flows to the compression cooler group; adjust the three-way regulating valve C 229, three-way regulating valve B 228 and three-way regulating valve A 227 so that the temperature difference of the working medium at the pipe side outlet of compression cooler A 208, compression cooler B 207, compression cooler C 206 and compression cooler D 205 is controlled within the preset temperature difference; adjust the three-way control valve A 119 to distribute the flow of the heat network return water at the two outlets of the three-way control valve A 119, so that the temperature difference between the working medium at the pipe side outlet of each compression cooler and the heat network supply water is controlled within the preset temperature difference.

[0009] The described cogeneration system with integrated compressed air energy storage operates in the following manner during the energy release phase of the heating season: the expansion unit and the expansion heater work, while the compressor unit and the compression cooler do not work, and the high-pressure air is released from the air storage chamber 210; the switching valve A 224, the switching valve B 223, and the regulating valve D 226 are opened, the switching valve C 222 and the regulating valve C 225 are closed, and the switch 213 is disconnected; the regulating water pump 122 is regulated so that the working fluid in the pipeline where the switching valve A 224 is located flows to the three-way control valve A 119; the throttle valve 221 is adjusted so that the fluid entering The air pressure of the expansion machine A 214 is stabilized at the design value; the three-way regulating valve D 230, the three-way regulating valve E 231 and the three-way regulating valve F 232 are adjusted so that the temperature difference of the working fluid at the pipe side outlet of the expansion heater D 218, the expansion heater C 219, the expansion heater B 220 and the expansion heater A 221 is controlled within the preset temperature difference; the regulating water pump 122 is regulated and adjusted and the three-way control valve A 119 is adjusted to control the total flow rate of hot water flowing through each expansion heater so that the temperature difference of the working fluid at the pipe side outlet of each expansion heater and the return water temperature of the heat network is controlled within the preset temperature difference.

[0010] The operating method of the described integrated heat and power cogeneration system with compressed air energy storage, when operating in the energy storage and release stages of the heating season: flexibly select the induced steam parameters of the ejector 118 according to the heat load, that is, according to the change from maximum to minimum of the heat load of the heat network water supply, the heat load is divided into four levels, and respectively and only the first-stage steam extraction of the turbine, that is, opening the control valve A 112, the second-stage steam extraction, that is, opening the control valve B 113, the third-stage steam extraction, that is, opening the control valve C 114, and the fourth-stage steam extraction, that is, opening the control valve D 115 are used as the induced steam of the ejector 118; within each heat load level, the opening of the regulating valve A 117 is adjusted according to the induced steam parameters of the ejector 118, and the opening of the regulating valve B 116 is adjusted according to the size of the heat load, so that the hot water temperature at the shell side outlet of the heat network heater A 121 is maintained within the required range.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0012] (1) The return water of the heating network is heated in a cascade manner using ejectors and steam turbine extraction to achieve orderly cascade utilization of energy.

[0013] (2) The steam turbine is used to extract steam from the low-pressure cylinder to fully realize the recovery and utilization of waste heat and improve the energy efficiency of the system.

[0014] (3) Through the complementary exchange of heat and electrical energy between the compressed air energy storage system and the cogeneration unit, and the use of steam ejectors to achieve high-quality heat value-added, the energy efficiency level and operational flexibility of the cogeneration unit in the heating season are improved.

[0015] (4) The present invention improves the flexible switching speed of the working mode of the cogeneration system during the peak and valley periods in the heating season, has a large peak regulation depth, and is flexible in parameter adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a combined heat and power system with integrated compressed air energy storage and its operation method according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] In order to achieve efficient and flexible coupling of compressed air energy storage technology and cogeneration units, the present invention provides a cogeneration system with integrated compressed air energy storage, such as Figure 1As shown, the system includes the main steam side of the boiler 101, the high-pressure cylinder 102 of the steam turbine, the reheat steam side of the boiler 101, the intermediate-pressure cylinder 103 of the steam turbine, the low-pressure cylinder 104 of the steam turbine, the condenser 105, the condensate pump 106, the low-pressure heater group 107, the deaerator 108, the feedwater pump 109, the high-pressure heater group 110 and the main steam side of the boiler 101, which are connected in sequence; the exhaust pipe of the high-pressure cylinder 102 is connected to the first-stage heat recovery steam extraction pipe, and is connected to the ejector steam side of the ejector 118 through the control valve A 112; the second-stage extraction steam, the third-stage extraction steam and the fourth-stage extraction steam pipes connected to the intermediate-pressure cylinder 103, whose pressures decrease in sequence, are connected through the control valve B 113 and the control valve The valve C 114 and the control valve D 115 are connected to the ejector steam side of the ejector 118; the third-stage extraction steam pipeline is connected to the deaerator 108; the low-pressure cylinder 104 exhaust steam pipeline is connected to the ejected steam side of the ejector 118 through the regulating valve A 117; the fourth-stage extraction steam pipeline is connected to the tube side inlet of the heating network heater A 121 through the regulating valve B 116; the outlet of the ejector 118 is connected to the tube side of the heating network heater B 120, the tube side outlet of the heating network heater A 121 and the deaerator 108 in sequence; the heating network return water pipeline is divided into two paths by the three-way control valve A 119, one path passes through the shell side of the heating network heater B 120, the shell side of the heating network heater A 121 and the shell side of the heating network heater B 120 in sequence. The shell side outlet of the heat network heater A 121 is also connected to the three-way regulating valve D 230 through the pipeline where the conversion valve B 223 is located; the three-way regulating valve D 230 is sequentially connected to the three-way regulating valve E 231, the three-way regulating valve F 232, the pipe side of the expansion heater A 221 and the conversion valve A 224 through the pipeline; the three-way regulating valve D 230, the three-way regulating valve E 231 and the three-way regulating valve F 232 are respectively connected to the expansion heater D 218, the expansion heater C 219 and the expansion heater B 22 0 is connected to the pipe side outlet of expansion heater A 221; conversion valve C 222 is connected to the pipe side inlets of compression cooler A 208, compression cooler B 207, compression cooler C 206, and compression cooler D 205 through pipelines; the pipe side outlets of compression cooler A 208 and compression cooler B 207 are respectively connected to three-way regulating valve C 229 through pipelines, and the pipe side outlets of compression cooler C 206 and compression cooler D 205 are respectively connected to three-way regulating valve B 228 and three-way regulating valve A 227 through pipelines; three-way regulating valve C 229 is connected to three-way regulating valve B 228, three-way regulating valve A 227 and the heat network water supply pipeline in sequence through pipelines;The ambient air duct is connected in sequence to the compressor A 201, the compression cooler D 205 shell side, the compressor B 202, the compression cooler C 206 shell side, the compressor C 203, the compression cooler B 207 shell side, the compressor D 204, the compression cooler A 208 shell side, the regulating valve C 225, the air storage chamber 210, the regulating valve D 226, the throttle valve 221, the expander A 214, the expansion heater D 218 shell side, the expander B 215, the expansion heater C 219 shell side, the expander C 216, the expansion heater B 220 shell side, the expander D 217, the expansion heater Heater A 221 shell side and external environment; compressor A 201, compressor B 202, compressor C 203, and compressor D 204 are each connected to the rotating shaft of motor 209 via mechanical shafts; expander A 214, expander B 215, expander C 216, and expander D 217 are sequentially connected to the rotating shaft of generator 212 via mechanical shafts; the high-pressure cylinder 102, intermediate-pressure cylinder 103, and low-pressure cylinder 104 of the steam turbine are sequentially connected to the rotating shaft of power station generator 111 via mechanical shafts; power station generator 111 is sequentially connected to switch 213 and motor 209 via circuits. According to the system configuration of the above invention, the return water of the heat network can be heated in stages through ejectors and steam turbine extraction, thereby achieving orderly cascaded energy utilization in the system.

[0019] In order to more scientifically and effectively develop the economic and flexibility potential of the cogeneration system with integrated compressed air energy storage, the system operates in the following manner during the energy storage phase of the heating season: the expansion unit and the expansion heater do not work, while the compressor unit and the compression cooler work, so that the high-pressure air is stored in the air storage chamber 210; the switching valve A 224, the switching valve B 223, and the regulating valve D 226 are closed, so that the working fluid in the pipeline where the switching valve A 224 and the switching valve B 223 are located does not flow, the outlet of the air storage chamber 210 is closed, and the flow pipeline of the high-pressure air to the expansion unit is closed; the switching valve C 222 is opened so that the working fluid in the pipeline where the valve is located flows to each compression cooler; the regulating valve C 225 is opened so that the pipeline for circulating high-pressure air between the compressor unit and the air storage chamber 210 is opened Close switch 213 to open the circuit and activate motor 209. Regulate water pump 122 to change the direction of hot water flowing through the pump, so that the working fluid in the pipeline located at switch valve C 222 flows to the compression cooler group. Adjust the openings of three-way regulating valve C 229, three-way regulating valve B 228, and three-way regulating valve A 227 to control the working fluid flow in the pipelines, so that the working fluid temperature difference at the pipe-side outlets of compression coolers A 208, B 207, C 206, and D 205 is controlled within 3°C. Adjust the opening of three-way control valve A 119 to control the working fluid flow in the pipelines, and rationally distribute the flow of heat network return water at the two outlets of three-way control valve A 119, so that the working fluid temperature difference at the pipe-side outlet of each compression cooler and the heat network supply water temperature is controlled within 3°C. Using extraction steam from the condensing unit's steam turbine to inject low-pressure exhaust steam can fully realize the system's waste heat recovery and utilization, thereby improving the system's energy efficiency.

[0020] The method for operating a cogeneration system with integrated compressed air energy storage operates in the following manner during the energy release phase in the heating season: the expansion unit and the expansion heater are working, while the compressor unit and the compression cooler are not working, and high-pressure air is released from the air storage chamber 210; the switching valve A 224 and the switching valve B 223 are opened to allow the working medium in the pipeline where the valves are located to circulate, the regulating valve D 226 is opened to allow the high-pressure air to flow from the outlet of the air storage chamber 210 to the expansion unit, and the switching valve C 222 is closed to prevent the working medium in the pipeline where the valves are located from circulating; the regulating valve C 225 is closed to block the air flow pipeline between the compressor unit and the air storage chamber 210, and the switch 213 is disconnected to turn off the motor 209; the regulating water pump 122 is regulated to change the flow through the water pump The hot water flow direction is controlled so that the working medium in the pipeline where the conversion valve A 224 is located flows to the three-way control valve A 119; the throttle valve 221 is adjusted to control the air pressure at the outlet of the throttle valve 221 so that the air pressure entering the expansion machine A 214 is stabilized at the design value; the openings of the three-way regulating valve D 230, the three-way regulating valve E 231, and the three-way regulating valve F 232 are adjusted so that the temperature difference of the working medium at the pipe-side outlet of the expansion heater D 218, the expansion heater C 219, the expansion heater B 220, and the expansion heater A 221 is controlled within 3°C; the regulating water pump 122 is regulated and adjusted and the three-way control valve A 119 to control the total flow of hot water flowing through each expansion heater so that the temperature difference of the working medium at the pipe-side outlet of each expansion heater and the return water temperature of the heating network is controlled within 3°C. The present invention can improve the energy efficiency level and operational flexibility of the cogeneration unit during the heating season by complementing and exchanging the heat and power flows between the compressed air energy storage system and the thermal power unit, and using a steam ejector to achieve high-grade heat value-added.

[0021] The cogeneration system with integrated compressed air energy storage, when operating in the energy storage and release phases during the heating season, flexibly selects the ejection steam parameters of ejector 118 according to the heat load. Specifically, the heat load is divided into four levels according to the change from maximum to minimum in the heat network water supply heat load. The first-stage steam extraction of the steam turbine, i.e., opening control valve A 112, the second-stage steam extraction, i.e., opening control valve B 113, the third-stage steam extraction, i.e., opening control valve C 114, and the fourth-stage steam extraction, i.e., opening control valve D 115, are sequentially used as the ejection steam for ejector 118. Within each heat load level, the opening of regulating valve A 117 is adjusted according to the ejection steam parameters of ejector 118, and the opening of regulating valve B 116 is adjusted according to the heat load magnitude, so that the shell-side outlet hot water temperature of heating network heater A 121 remains within the desired range. By rationally matching the operating method with the system configuration, the present invention can achieve flexible switching speeds between peak and off-peak operating modes of thermal power units during the heating season, achieve a large peak regulation depth, and provide flexible parameter adjustment.

Claims

1. A cogeneration system with integrated compressed air energy storage, comprising a main steam side of a boiler (101), a high-pressure cylinder (102) of a steam turbine, a reheat steam side of a boiler (101), an intermediate-pressure cylinder (103) of a steam turbine, a low-pressure cylinder (104) of a steam turbine, a condenser (105), a condensate pump (106), a low-pressure heater group (107), a deaerator (108), a feedwater pump (109), a high-pressure heater group (110) and a main steam side of a boiler (101) which are connected in sequence; an exhaust pipe of the high-pressure cylinder (102) is connected to a first-stage heat recovery extraction pipe, and is connected to an ejector (118) side of an ejector through a control valve A (112); a second-stage extraction pipe, a third-stage extraction pipe and a third-stage extraction pipe are connected to the intermediate-pressure cylinder (103) where the pressure decreases in sequence; The four-stage extraction steam pipeline is connected to the ejector steam side of the ejector (118) through the control valve B (113), the control valve C (114) and the control valve D (115) respectively; the third-stage extraction steam pipeline is connected to the deaerator (108); the low-pressure cylinder (104) exhaust steam pipeline is connected to the ejected steam side of the ejector (118) through the regulating valve A (117); the fourth-stage extraction steam pipeline is connected to the pipe side inlet of the heating network heater A (121) through the regulating valve B (116); the outlet of the ejector (118) is connected to the pipe side of the heating network heater B (120), the pipe side outlet of the heating network heater A (121) and the deaerator (108) in sequence; the heating network return water pipeline is divided into two paths through the three-way control valve A (119), one path is connected to the heating network heater B (120), the other path is connected to the heating network heater A (121) and the deaerator (108). The shell side of the heating network heater B (120) and the shell side of the heating network heater A (121) are connected to the heating network water supply pipeline in sequence, and the other route is connected to the regulating water pump (122) through a pipeline; the regulating water pump (122) is connected to the conversion valve A (224) and the conversion valve C (222) through pipelines respectively; the shell side outlet of the heating network heater A (121) is also connected to the three-way regulating valve D (230) through the pipeline where the conversion valve B (223) is located; the three-way regulating valve D (230) is connected to the three-way regulating valve E (231), the three-way regulating valve F (232), the pipe side of the expansion heater A (221) and the conversion valve A (224) in sequence through pipelines; the three-way regulating valve D (230), the three-way regulating valve E (231) and the three-way regulating valve The switch valve (222) is connected to the pipe side inlet of the compression cooler (208), the compression cooler (207), the compression cooler (206), and the compression cooler (205) through pipelines; the pipe side outlets of the compression cooler (208) and the compression cooler (207) are connected to the three-way regulating valve (229) through pipelines, and the pipe side outlets of the compression cooler (206) and the compression cooler (205) are connected to the three-way regulating valve (228) and the three-way regulating valve (227) through pipelines.The three-way regulating valve C (229) is connected to the three-way regulating valve B (228), the three-way regulating valve A (227) and the water supply pipeline of the heat network in sequence through the pipeline; the ambient air pipeline is connected to the compressor A (201), the shell side of the compression cooler D (205), the compressor B (202), the shell side of the compression cooler C (206), the compressor C (203), the shell side of the compression cooler B (207), the compressor D (204), the shell side of the compression cooler A (208), the regulating valve C (225), the air storage chamber (210), the regulating valve D (226), the throttle valve (221), the expander A (214), the shell side of the expansion heater D (218), the expander B (215), the shell side of the expansion heater C (219), the expander C (216), The shell side of expansion heater B (220), expansion machine D (217), expansion heater A (221) and the external environment; compressor A (201), compressor B (202), compressor C (203), and compressor D (204) are respectively connected to the rotating shaft of motor (209) through mechanical shafts; expansion machine A (214), expansion machine B (215), expansion machine C (216), and expansion machine D (217) are sequentially connected to the rotating shaft of generator (212) through mechanical shafts; the high-pressure cylinder (102), intermediate-pressure cylinder (103), and low-pressure cylinder (104) of steam turbine are sequentially connected to the rotating shaft of power station generator (111) through mechanical shafts; the power station generator (111) is sequentially connected to switch (213) and motor (209) through circuits.

2. The method for operating a combined heat and power system with integrated compressed air energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage phase in the heating season operates in the following manner: the expansion unit and the expansion heater do not work, while the compressor unit and the compression cooler work, so that high-pressure air is stored in the air storage chamber (210); the switching valve A (224), the switching valve B (223) and the regulating valve D (226) are closed, the switching valve C (222) and the regulating valve C (225) are opened, and the switch (213) is closed; the regulating water pump (122) is regulated so that the working fluid in the pipeline where the switching valve C (222) is located flows to the compression cooler group; the three-way valve is adjusted. The regulating valve C (229), the three-way regulating valve B (228) and the three-way regulating valve A (227) control the working medium temperature difference at the pipe-side outlets of the compression cooler A (208), the compression cooler B (207), the compression cooler C (206) and the compression cooler D (205) within a preset temperature difference; the three-way control valve A (119) is adjusted to distribute the flow of the heat network return water at the two outlets of the three-way control valve A (119) so that the working medium temperature at the pipe-side outlet of each compression cooler and the heat network supply water temperature difference are controlled within a preset temperature difference; The energy release phase in the heating season operates in the following manner: the expansion unit and the expansion heater are in operation, while the compressor unit and the compression cooler are in operation, and high-pressure air is released from the air storage chamber (210); the switching valve A (224), the switching valve B (223) and the regulating valve D (226) are opened, the switching valve C (222) and the regulating valve C (225) are closed, and the switch (213) is disconnected; the regulating water pump (122) is regulated so that the working medium in the pipeline where the switching valve A (224) is located flows to the three-way control valve A (119); the throttle valve (221) is adjusted so that the working medium enters the expansion unit A (214) The air pressure is stabilized at the design value; the three-way regulating valve D (230), the three-way regulating valve E (231) and the three-way regulating valve F (232) are adjusted so that the temperature difference of the working medium at the pipe side outlet of the expansion heater D (218), the expansion heater C (219), the expansion heater B (220) and the expansion heater A (221) is controlled within a preset temperature difference; the regulating water pump (122) and the three-way control valve A (119) are adjusted to control the total flow rate of hot water flowing through each expansion heater so that the temperature difference of the working medium at the pipe side outlet of each expansion heater and the return water temperature of the heat network are controlled within a preset temperature difference.

3. The method for operating a cogeneration system with integrated compressed air energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: During the energy storage and release phases of the heating season, the ejector (118) induced steam parameters are flexibly selected according to the heat load, that is, according to the change of the heat load of the heating network water supply from maximum to minimum, the heat load is divided into four levels, and the first stage steam extraction of the steam turbine, i.e., opening the control valve A (112), the second stage steam extraction, i.e., opening the control valve B (113), the third stage steam extraction, i.e., opening the control valve C (114), and the fourth stage steam extraction, i.e., opening the control valve D (115) are respectively used and only used as the ejector (118) induced steam; within each heat load level, the opening of the regulating valve A (117) is adjusted according to the ejector (118) induced steam parameters, and the opening of the regulating valve B (116) is adjusted according to the heat load size, so that the shell side outlet hot water temperature of the heating network heater A (121) is maintained within the required range.

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