A forest phenology monitoring device based on a drone

Abstract

The application discloses a forest phenology monitoring device based on a unmanned plane, which can automatically realize charging of the monitoring unmanned plane, and can temporarily store the unmanned plane, so that the monitoring unmanned plane can return to the corresponding movable slide for temporary storage after flight monitoring, and the telescopic protective cover can realize protection of the monitoring unmanned plane, all-weather forest monitoring and temporary storage or charging are realized, automatic forest climate monitoring is realized, the application ability is improved, remote climate monitoring is effectively ensured, the forest conditions of an ultra-long distance area can be monitored at any time, in addition, the setting of the fireproof base can effectively improve the safety of the unmanned plane, the solar cell and charging, improve the safety control ability in the forest, and effectively ensure the safety and reliability of unmanned operation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application is a kind of forest phenology monitoring equipment based on unmanned aerial vehicle, and relates to the field of monitoring equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, with the continuous attention of people to the protection of forest vegetation and the research on forest environment and phenology, the monitoring of forest phenology is more and more. The current phenology monitoring generally sets monitoring points in some areas or regions of the forest, and sets corresponding sensors for detecting phenology parameters at each monitoring point. This way can realize effective monitoring of each monitoring point, but this way cannot realize effective monitoring of the phenology of each region of the forest, and it is difficult to realize the monitoring replacement or switching of different places and regions, which affects the comprehensiveness and reliability of people's monitoring and research on forest phenology. With the continuous development of unmanned aerial vehicle technology, the application of unmanned aerial vehicle for monitoring various regions is more and more. However, since the forest area is very wide, the travel distance of the unmanned aerial vehicle is limited. For the forest area of super long distance, it is very inconvenient to fly back and forth every time, which not only affects the monitoring efficiency, but also cannot realize the timely monitoring of the phenology, which is not suitable for the conventional unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a kind of forest phenology monitoring equipment based on unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0004] The present application is realized by constructing a kind of forest phenology monitoring equipment based on unmanned aerial vehicle, which includes fireproof base, telescopic height adjusting frame, guide rail, movable slide, positioning card seat assembly, monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle, solar cell panel group and battery group, the upper end middle position of the fireproof base is provided with the telescopic height adjusting frame of the upward extending cuboid structure, the top of the telescopic height adjusting frame is provided with the solar cell panel group, the telescopic height adjusting frame is also fixedly provided with the battery group, characterized in that, the bottom of the telescopic height adjusting frame is provided with the guide rail extending outward, the movable slide is slidably arranged on the guide rail, a plurality of positioning card seat assemblies are arranged on the movable slide, a charging assembly is arranged at the center position of the area surrounded by the plurality of positioning card seat assemblies, the center bottom of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with a charging connector that is connected with the charging assembly, the solar cell panel group and the charging assembly are electrically connected with the battery group, the movable slide can slide out of the telescopic height adjusting frame, the bottom of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with an elastic connector assembly corresponding to each positioning card seat assembly, and telescopic protective cover is arranged around the telescopic height adjusting frame.

[0005] Further, as preferred, the bottom of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle or the top of the moving slide is provided with a visual camera docking system, which is used to guide the elastic connector assembly on the bottom of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle to dock on the corresponding positioning card seat assembly when the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle lands on the moving slide.

[0006] Further, as preferred, the moving slide and the telescopic height adjusting frame are further provided with a control cylinder, and further include a general controller, which is in control connection with the control cylinder, the visual camera docking system and the control system of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle, when the general controller monitors that the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle runs to a certain distance threshold, the general controller controls the control cylinder to drive the moving slide to move out of the telescopic height adjusting frame along the guide rail, then the general controller controls the visual camera docking system and the control system of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the elastic connector assembly on the bottom of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle docks on the corresponding positioning card seat assembly, and the charging connector on the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle docks on the charging assembly.

[0007] Further, as preferred, the solar panel group includes a first solar panel, a second solar panel and a hinged connecting shaft, the upper and lower sidewalls of the first solar panel are both provided with a plurality of hinged ears, the upper and lower sidewalls of the second solar panel are also both provided with a plurality of hinged ears, the hinged ears on the upper side of the first solar panel and the hinged ears on the upper side of the second solar panel are hingedly connected by the hinged connecting shaft, and the hinged ears on the lower side of the first solar panel and the hinged ears on the lower side of the second solar panel are respectively hingedly connected with the top of the telescopic height adjusting frame, and the inclination angle of the first solar panel and the second solar panel is adjusted by adjusting the height of the telescopic height adjusting frame.

[0008] Further, as preferred, the center of the fireproof base is provided with a mounting connecting column, so as to be mounted at a to-be-mounted position through the mounting connecting column, and the circumference of the fireproof base is provided with a plurality of spray heads, each of which is provided with a fire extinguishing spray hole connected with a high-pressure fire extinguishing medium supply tank.

[0009] Further, as preferred, the bottom of the moving slide is provided with a sliding block, which is in sliding fit with the guide rail, and the telescopic height adjusting frame includes four telescopic rods, each of which includes a lower telescopic cylinder and an upper telescopic cylinder, the lower part of the upper telescopic cylinder is telescopically sleeved on the upper part of the lower telescopic cylinder, and the lower telescopic cylinder is provided with a locking bolt for locking the upper telescopic cylinder.

[0010] Further, as preferred, the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a body, a central mounting base, rotating propellers, a battery and rotating drive rudders, the central mounting base is arranged at the center of the body, the battery is fixed on the central mounting base, four rotating propellers are evenly distributed around the body, the rotating propellers are driven to rotate by the respective rotating drive rudders, the body is further connected with a mounting strip outside the rotating propellers, the mounting strip is provided with a monitoring sensor group, the monitoring sensor group at least comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a smoke sensor, an oxygen concentration sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, an illumination intensity sensor and an atmospheric pressure sensor, a miniature camera is further arranged at one end or both ends of the mounting strip, the monitoring sensor group and the miniature camera are in communication connection with a remote control center through a wireless communication network, and the elastic connector assembly is installed below the rotating propellers.

[0011] Further, as preferred, the elastic connector assembly comprises a mounting clamp, a spring and a tapered connector, the mounting clamp is fixedly installed on the body below the rotating propellers, the lower end of the mounting clamp is connected to the upper end of the spring, the lower end of the spring is connected to the upper end of the tapered connector, the tapered connector is a conical structure with a large upper end and a small lower end, and the lower end of the tapered connector is further integrally provided with a fixed ball head which is a hemispherical structure.

[0012] Further, as preferred, the positioning clamp assembly comprises a mounting disc, a sleeve base, a fixed clamping mechanism and a positioning clamp sleeve, the mounting disc is fixedly installed on the movable sliding seat, the center of the mounting disc is fixedly provided with a cylindrical sleeve base, the top of the sleeve base is provided with a positioning clamp sleeve, the upper end center of the positioning clamp sleeve is provided with a positioning hole which is a tapered structure with a small upper end and a large lower end, the tapered connector and the fixed ball head are positioned and accommodated in the positioning hole, the sleeve base is provided with the fixed clamping mechanism, the positioning clamp sleeve is an elastically deformable structure, and the fixed clamping mechanism can clamp and fix the positioning clamp sleeve so as to clamp the tapered connector and the fixed ball head by deforming the positioning clamp sleeve.

[0013] Further, as preferred, the fixed clamping mechanism comprises a clamping jaw, a driving wheel, a transmission gear and a driving gear, the outer periphery of the sleeve seat is provided with a plurality of hinged ears, the middle and lower part of the clamping jaw is hingedly connected to the hinged ears, the upper part of the clamping jaw is arranged opposite to the positioning sleeve, the lower part of the sleeve seat is provided with a avoiding slot corresponding to the position of the lower end of the clamping jaw, the sleeve seat is provided with a rotatable driving wheel corresponding to the position of the avoiding slot, the driving wheel is integrally provided with a curved driving protrusion corresponding to the position of the clamping jaw, the outer periphery of the curved driving protrusion is arranged to rotate the clamping jaw around the hinge when the driving wheel rotates, so as to realize the force clamping deformation of the positioning sleeve, the center of the driving wheel is coaxially fixedly provided with the transmission gear, the bottom of the sleeve seat is provided with a slot at the position of the transmission gear, the moving slide is provided with a driving gear meshing transmission with the driving gear of each fixed clamping mechanism, the driving gear is driven by a clamping motor, the clamping motor is fixed on the moving slide, and each fixed clamping mechanism is controlled synchronously through the driving gear.

[0014] The forest phenology monitoring device based on the unmanned aerial vehicle has the following advantages compared with the same type of device.

[0015] The forest phenology monitoring device based on the unmanned aerial vehicle can automatically charge the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle and temporarily store the unmanned aerial vehicle. After flight monitoring, the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle can be temporarily stored on the corresponding moving slide, and the telescopic protective cover can protect the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle, realize all-weather forest monitoring and temporary storage or charging, realize automatic forest climate monitoring, improve the application ability, effectively guarantee remote climate monitoring, and can monitor the forest situation of super-long distance area at any time. In addition, the fireproof base can effectively improve the safety of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the solar cell and the charging, improve the safety control ability in the forest, and effectively guarantee the safety and reliability of the unmanned operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a structure schematic view of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle flying out of the application;

[0017] Figure 2 is a structure schematic view of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle charging of the application;

[0018] Figure 3 is a structure schematic view of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle of the application;

[0019] Figure 4 is a structure schematic view of the positioning sleeve assembly of the application;

[0020] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a driving wheel of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings Figures 1-5 The present application will be described in detail, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] The present application provides a forest phenology monitoring device based on unmanned aerial vehicle by improving, which comprises a fireproof base 1, a telescopic height adjusting frame 11, a guide rail 4, a movable sliding seat 6, a positioning card seat assembly 7, a monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle 16, a solar panel set and a battery set, the telescopic height adjusting frame 11 in the upper end middle position of the fireproof base 1 is provided with a cuboid structure extending upwards, the top of the telescopic height adjusting frame 11 is provided with the solar panel set, the telescopic height adjusting frame 11 is also fixedly provided with the battery set, the bottom of the telescopic height adjusting frame is provided with the guide rail 4 extending outward, the movable sliding seat 6 is slidably arranged on the guide rail 4, a plurality of positioning card seat assemblies 7 are arranged on the movable sliding seat 6, a charging assembly is arranged at the center position of the area surrounded by the plurality of positioning card seat assemblies 7, the center bottom of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with a charging connector which is connected with the charging assembly, the solar panel set and the charging assembly are electrically connected with the battery set, the movable sliding seat 6 can slide out of the telescopic height adjusting frame 11, the bottom of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with an elastic connector assembly corresponding to each positioning card seat assembly, the telescopic height adjusting frame is provided with a telescopic protective cover (not shown in the figure) around, an openable opening and closing door can be arranged at the position corresponding to the movable sliding seat, which facilitates the entry and exit of the movable sliding seat and the unmanned aerial vehicle, and realizes the windproof and rainproof effect of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0023] In the present embodiment, the bottom of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle or the top of the movable sliding seat 6 is provided with a visual camera docking system, when the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle 16 lands on the movable sliding seat 6, the visual camera docking system is used to guide the elastic connector assembly at the bottom of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle 16 to be connected to the corresponding positioning card seat assembly 7.

[0024] The mobile slide 6 and the telescopic height adjusting frame 11 are further provided with a control cylinder, and further include a total controller connected with the control cylinder and a visual camera docking system and a monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle control system, when the total controller monitors that the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle runs to a certain distance threshold, the total controller controls the control cylinder to drive the mobile slide to move out of the telescopic height adjusting frame along the guide rail, then the total controller controls the visual camera docking system and the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle control system, so that the elastic connecting head assembly at the bottom of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle is just docked to the corresponding positioning card seat assembly, and the charging connector on the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle is docked with the charging assembly.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment, the solar panel group includes a first solar panel 8, a second solar panel 10 and a hinged connecting shaft 9, the upper and lower side walls of the first solar panel 8 are provided with a plurality of hinged ears, the upper and lower side walls of the second solar panel are also provided with a plurality of hinged ears, the hinged ears on the upper side of the first solar panel 8 are hinged and connected with the hinged ears on the upper side of the second solar panel 10 by the hinged connecting shaft, and the hinged ears on the lower side of the first solar panel 8 and the hinged ears on the lower side of the second solar panel 10 are respectively hinged and connected with the top of the telescopic height adjusting frame, and the inclination angle of the first solar panel 8 and the second solar panel 10 is adjusted by adjusting the height of the telescopic height adjusting frame.

[0026] The center of the fireproof base 1 is provided with a mounting connecting column 2, so as to be mounted at a to-be-mounted position through the mounting connecting column 2, and the circumference of the fireproof base 1 is provided with a plurality of spray heads 14, each of which is provided with a fire extinguishing spray hole connected with a high-pressure fire extinguishing medium supply tank.

[0027] The bottom of the mobile slide is provided with a sliding block 13 which is in sliding fit with the guide rail 4, and the telescopic height adjusting frame 11 includes four telescopic rods including a lower telescopic cylinder 5 and an upper telescopic cylinder 12, the lower part of the upper telescopic cylinder 12 is telescopically sleeved on the upper part of the lower telescopic cylinder 15, and the lower telescopic cylinder is provided with a locking bolt for locking the upper telescopic cylinder.

[0028] The monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a body 19, a central mounting seat 18, rotating propellers 20, a battery and a rotating drive rudder, the central mounting seat 18 is arranged at the center of the body 19, the battery is fixed on the central mounting seat, four rotating propellers 20 are evenly arranged around the body 19, the rotating propellers 20 are driven to rotate by the respective rotating drive rudders, the body 19 is further connected with a mounting strip 22 located outside the rotating propellers, a monitoring sensor group 21 is arranged on the mounting strip, the monitoring sensor group at least comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a smoke sensor, an oxygen concentration sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, an illumination intensity sensor and an atmospheric pressure sensor, a miniature camera is further arranged at one end or both ends of the mounting strip, the monitoring sensor group and the miniature camera are in communication connection with a remote control center through a wireless communication network, and the elastic connecting head assembly is arranged below the rotating propellers.

[0029] The elastic connecting head assembly comprises a mounting clamp, a spring 24 and a tapered connecting head 23, the mounting clamp is fixedly arranged on the body and located below the rotating propellers, the lower end of the mounting clamp is connected with the upper end of the spring 24, the lower end of the spring 24 is connected with the upper end of the tapered connecting head, the tapered connecting head 23 is in a conical structure with a large upper end and a small lower end, and a fixed ball head is further arranged at the lower end of the tapered connecting head 23 in an integral manner, the fixed ball head is in a hemispherical structure.

[0030] The positioning clamp assembly comprises a mounting disc 26, a sleeve seat 30, a fixed clamping mechanism and a positioning clamp sleeve 32, the mounting disc 26 is fixedly arranged on the movable sliding seat, a cylindrical sleeve seat is fixedly arranged at the center of the mounting disc 26, the positioning clamp sleeve 32 is arranged at the top of the sleeve seat, a positioning hole 31 is arranged at the upper end center of the positioning clamp sleeve 32, the positioning hole 31 is in a tapered structure with a small upper end and a large lower end, the tapered connecting head and the fixed ball head are positioned and accommodated in the positioning hole 31, the fixed clamping mechanism is arranged on the sleeve seat 30, the positioning clamp sleeve 32 is in an elastically deformable structure, and the fixed clamping mechanism can clamp and fix the positioning clamp sleeve, so that the tapered connecting head and the fixed ball head are clamped by the deformation of the positioning clamp sleeve 32.

[0031] The fixed clamping mechanism comprises a clamping jaw 28, a driving wheel 36, a transmission gear 24 and a driving gear (not shown in the figure), the outer periphery of the sleeve seat is provided with a plurality of hinged ears 35, the middle and lower part of the clamping jaw 28 is hingedly connected to the hinged ears 35, the clamping and pressing end 33 of the upper part of the clamping jaw 28 is arranged opposite to the positioning sleeve 32, the lower part of the sleeve seat 30 is provided with a avoiding slot corresponding to the position of the lower end of the clamping jaw, the driving wheel 36 rotatable is arranged in the sleeve seat corresponding to the position of the avoiding slot, the curved driving protrusion 37 is integrally arranged on the driving wheel 36 corresponding to the position of the clamping jaw, the outer periphery of the curved driving protrusion 37 is arranged to enable the clamping jaw 28 to rotate around the hinge when the driving wheel rotates, so as to realize the force clamping deformation of the positioning sleeve, the transmission gear 24 is coaxially fixedly arranged at the center of the driving wheel, the bottom of the sleeve seat is provided with a slot 26 at the position of the transmission gear, the movable sliding seat is provided with a driving gear meshing transmission with the driving gear of each fixed clamping mechanism, the driving gear is driven by a clamping motor, the clamping motor is fixed on the movable sliding seat, and each fixed clamping mechanism is controlled synchronously through the driving gear.

[0032] The forest phenology monitoring equipment based on the unmanned aerial vehicle can automatically charge the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle and temporarily store the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle can be temporarily stored on the corresponding movable sliding seat after flight monitoring, the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle can be protected by using the telescopic protective cover, all-weather forest monitoring and temporary storage or charging can be realized, automatic forest climate monitoring can be realized, the application ability is improved, remote climate monitoring can be effectively ensured, the forest situation of an ultra-long distance area can be monitored at any time, in addition, the fireproof base can effectively improve the safety of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the solar cell and charging, improve the safety control ability in the forest, and effectively ensure the safety and reliability of the unmanned operation.

[0033] The basic principles and main features of the present application are shown and described above, and the advantages of the present application are shown and described above, and the standard parts used in the present application can be purchased from the market, the special-shaped parts can be ordered according to the description and the drawings, the specific connection mode of each part adopts the conventional bolt rivet, welding and other conventional means in the prior art, the mechanical parts and equipment adopt the conventional type in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection mode in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0034] The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to make or use the application. Modifications of these embodiments will occur to persons of skill in the art, and that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications that do not depart from the true spirit and scope of the application. Therefore, the application is not limited to the embodiments shown but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An unmanned aerial vehicle-based forest phenology monitoring device, comprising a fireproof base, a telescopic height adjusting frame, a guide rail, a moving slide, a positioning card seat assembly, a monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle, a solar panel set and a battery set, the upper end of the middle position of the fireproof base is provided with a telescopic height adjusting frame of a cuboid structure extending upward, the top of the telescopic height adjusting frame is provided with the solar panel set, and the telescopic height adjusting frame is also fixedly provided with the battery set, characterized in that, The bottom of the telescopic height adjusting frame is provided with an outwardly extending guide rail, the mobile slide is slidably arranged on the guide rail, a plurality of positioning clamping seat assemblies are arranged on the mobile slide, a charging assembly is arranged at the central position of the area surrounded by the plurality of positioning clamping seat assemblies, the central bottom of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with a charging connector which is matched with the charging assembly, the solar panel group and the charging assembly are electrically connected with the storage battery group, the mobile slide can slide out of the telescopic height adjusting frame, the bottom of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with an elastic connector assembly corresponding to each positioning clamping seat assembly, and telescopic protective covers are arranged around the telescopic height adjusting frame; the center of the fireproof base is provided with a mounting connecting column, so that the fireproof base is mounted at a to-be-mounted position through the mounting connecting column, a plurality of spray heads are arranged in an array around the fireproof base, each spray head is provided with a fire extinguishing spray hole, and the fire extinguishing spray hole is connected with a high-pressure fire extinguishing medium supply tank. The elastic connector assembly comprises a mounting clamp, a spring and a tapered connector, the mounting clamp is fixedly installed on the machine body and located below the rotating propeller, the lower end of the mounting clamp is connected to the upper end of the spring, the lower end of the spring is connected to the upper end of the tapered connector, the tapered connector has a conical structure with a large upper end and a small lower end, and the lower end of the tapered connector is further integrally provided with a fixed ball head. The positioning clamping seat assembly comprises a mounting disc, a sleeve seat, a fixed clamping mechanism and a positioning clamping sleeve, the mounting disc is fixedly installed on the mobile slide, a cylindrical sleeve seat is fixedly arranged at the center of the mounting disc, the positioning clamping sleeve is arranged at the top of the sleeve seat, a positioning hole is arranged at the upper end center of the positioning clamping sleeve, the positioning hole has a tapered structure with a small upper end and a large lower end, the tapered connector and the fixed ball head are positioned and accommodated in the positioning hole, the sleeve seat is provided with the fixed clamping mechanism, the positioning clamping sleeve has an elastic deformable structure, and the fixed clamping mechanism can clamp and fix the positioning clamping sleeve, so that the tapered connector and the fixed ball head are clamped by the deformation of the positioning clamping sleeve. The fixed clamping mechanism comprises a clamping claw and a driving wheel, a plurality of hinged ears are arranged in an array around the outer periphery of the sleeve seat, the middle and lower parts of the clamping claw are hingedly connected to the hinged ears, the upper part of the clamping claw faces the positioning clamping sleeve, the lower end of the clamping claw is provided with an avoiding slot at the position corresponding to the lower end of the clamping claw, the sleeve seat is provided with the rotatable driving wheel at the position corresponding to the avoiding slot, the driving wheel is integrally provided with a curved driving protrusion at the position corresponding to the clamping claw, and the outer peripheral surface of the curved driving protrusion is arranged to enable the clamping claw to rotate around the hinge when the driving wheel rotates, so as to realize the force clamping deformation of the positioning clamping sleeve. 2.The unmanned aerial vehicle based forest phenology monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle or the top of the mobile slide is provided with a visual camera docking system, when the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle lands on the mobile slide, the visual camera docking system is used to guide the elastic connector assembly at the bottom of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle to be docked to the corresponding positioning clamping seat assembly. 3.The unmanned aerial vehicle based forest phenology monitoring device of claim 2, wherein: The mobile slide is provided with a control cylinder between the mobile slide and the telescopic height adjusting frame, and further comprises a total controller connected with the control cylinder and a visual camera docking system and a control system of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle; when the total controller monitors that the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle runs to a threshold, the total controller controls the control cylinder to drive the mobile slide to move out of the telescopic height adjusting frame along the guide rail, and then the total controller controls the visual camera docking system and the control system of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the elastic connector assembly at the bottom of the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle is just docked to the corresponding positioning seat assembly, and the charging connector on the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle is docked with the charging assembly.

4. The unmanned aerial vehicle based forest phenology monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The solar panel group comprises a first solar panel, a second solar panel and a hinged connecting shaft, a plurality of hinged ears are arranged on the upper and lower side walls of the first solar panel, a plurality of hinged ears are also arranged on the upper and lower side walls of the second solar panel, the hinged ears on the upper side of the first solar panel are hingedly connected with the hinged ears on the upper side of the second solar panel by the hinged connecting shaft, and the hinged ears on the lower side of the first solar panel and the hinged ears on the lower side of the second solar panel are respectively hingedly connected with the top of the telescopic height adjusting frame, and the inclination angle of the first solar panel and the second solar panel is adjusted by adjusting the height of the telescopic height adjusting frame. 5.The unmanned aerial vehicle based forest phenology monitoring device of claim 2, wherein: The bottom of the mobile slide is provided with a sliding block which is in sliding fit with the guide rail, the telescopic height adjusting frame comprises four telescopic rods, the telescopic rod comprises a lower telescopic cylinder and an upper telescopic cylinder, the lower part of the upper telescopic cylinder is telescopically sleeved on the upper part of the lower telescopic cylinder, and a locking bolt for locking the upper telescopic cylinder is arranged on the lower telescopic cylinder. 6.The unmanned aerial vehicle based forest phenology monitoring device of claim 3, wherein: The monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a body, a central mounting seat, rotating propellers, a storage battery and a rotating drive steering engine, the center of the body is provided with a central mounting seat, the storage battery is fixed on the central mounting seat, the periphery of the body is uniformly provided with four rotating propellers, the rotating propellers are driven to rotate by the respective rotating drive steering engines, the body is further connected with a mounting strip located outside the rotating propellers, a monitoring sensor group is arranged on the mounting strip, the monitoring sensor group at least comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a smoke sensor, an oxygen concentration sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, an illumination intensity sensor and an atmospheric pressure sensor, a miniature camera is further arranged at one end or both ends of the mounting strip, the monitoring sensor group and the miniature camera are in communication connection with a remote control center through a wireless communication network, and the elastic connector assembly is installed below the rotating propellers. 7.The unmanned aerial vehicle based forest phenology monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: The fixed ball head is a hemispherical structure. 8.The unmanned aerial vehicle based forest phenology monitoring device of claim 7, wherein: The fixed clamping mechanism further comprises a transmission gear and a driving gear, the center of the driving gear is coaxially fixed with the transmission gear, the bottom of the sleeve base is provided with a slot at the position of the transmission gear, the moving slide is provided with a driving gear which is in meshing transmission with the driving gear of each fixed clamping mechanism, the driving gear is driven by a clamping motor, and the clamping motor is fixed on the moving slide, so as to synchronously control each fixed clamping mechanism through the driving gear.

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