A high-precision pneumatic ball filling device and ball filling method for flexible bearings

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pneumatic ball filling device and a ball filling method for high-precision flexible bearings, which are used for the ball filling and assembly of high-precision flexible bearings. The support frame in the device is used to fixedly support the deformation block at the top and the cylinder at the bottom; the deformation block is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame through the deformation block bottom plate and the limit ring, and is used to place the bearing outer ring and inner ring, and complete the ball filling of the bearing through internal expansion deformation and limitation, and the deformation block rebounds to its original position through the spring; the cylinder is installed at the bottom of the support frame and is connected to the tapered hole in the deformation block through the tapered column of the special-shaped bolt, and is used to drive and control the expansion and contraction of the deformation block. This method uses the deformation block, the limit ring, the special-shaped bolt, and the cylinder to perform internal expansion deformation and limitation on the outer ring to complete the ball filling of the bearing, and controls the expansion and contraction of the deformation block; the special-shaped bolt and the deformation block are in tapered hole fit; the spring makes the deformation block rebound to its original position. During operation, the air valve air pressure is adjusted to control the magnitude of the pulling force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a pneumatic ball filling device and a ball filling method for bearings, and particularly to a ball filling device and a ball filling method for high-precision flexible bearings. Background Art

[0002] For high-precision flexible bearings, they have thin walls, a large number of steel balls (23 or more steel balls per set), and a large ball filling angle, generally 240 - 270°. (1) When using the conventional device and ball filling method, applying force to the outer diameter of the outer ring makes the outer ring become oval, while the inner ring remains unchanged, and it is impossible to complete all ball filling.

[0003] (2) When using the method of adding balls with a pressing end face device, the force applied is mainly to press the end face of the outer ring. The outer ring is pressed downward, and the steel balls continuously expand the outer ring, resulting in the tension of the steel balls on the outer ring in the radial direction. As the pressing distance increases, the number of participating steel balls also continuously increases, and the tension on the outer ring also continuously increases until the steel balls are completely opened and enter the raceway. This method has low efficiency, is prone to damaging the steel balls and the bearing raceway, and affects the vibration value of the bearing.

[0004] (3) When using the method of adding balls with an outer ring fracture, during assembly, a part of the steel balls are pre-assembled first, and the cage is installed. Then, the fracture of the outer ring is opened, the cage is rotated, and the remaining steel balls are loaded one by one. Although this assembly method is simple and feasible, the outer ring of the bearing needs to be designed with a fracture, which has high requirements for assembly skills. And for the assembled finished bearing, the fracture of the thin-walled outer ring is prone to remain open for a long time, and the deformation generated after the steel balls are filled is not easy to fully recover; the sharp fracture is easy to scratch the surface of the steel balls; iron filings are easy to fall off from the fracture and enter the bearing raceway, affecting the service performance; the assembly efficiency is low and cannot meet the requirements of mass production.

[0005] (4) When using the method of adding balls through a ball filling port, during bearing assembly, a part of the steel balls are pre-loaded first, and then the remaining steel balls are pressed in one by one by hand through the ball filling port. Although this assembly method is feasible, the inner and outer rings of the bearing need to be designed with ball filling ports, and the ball filling ports need to be ground. When superfinishing the raceway, it is also easy to damage the shape of the oilstone, affecting the quality and accuracy of the superfinishing; during assembly, the ball filling ports of the inner and outer rings need to be aligned, and misalignment is easy to scratch the surface of the steel balls; iron filings are easy to fall off from the ball filling ports and enter the bearing raceway, affecting the service performance; the steel balls are pressed in one by one by hand through the ball filling port, which has a large manual labor intensity and is easy to get injured, and the assembly efficiency is low and cannot meet the requirements of mass production. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a pneumatic ball filling device and a ball filling method for high-precision flexible bearings to solve the following technical problems existing in the existing ball filling devices and ball filling methods for high-precision flexible bearings:

[0007] (1) When using the conventional device and ball filling method, applying force to the outer diameter of the outer ring makes the outer ring become oval, while the inner ring remains unchanged, and it is impossible to complete all ball filling.

[0008] (2) The outer and inner rings of the bearing need to be redesigned. For example, a fracture is left on the outer ring, and a ball filling port is left on both the inner and outer rings, which requires additional processing steps for convenient ball filling.

[0009] (3) After ball loading, the bearing is prone to incomplete deformation recovery, easy to scratch the surfaces of the steel balls and raceways, and the falling iron filings are likely to enter the bearing raceways, affecting the vibration value and flexibility of the bearing.

[0010] (4) After preloading the balls, the remaining steel balls are individually pressed into the ball filling port by hand. This results in high labor intensity, easy injury, low assembly efficiency, and cannot meet the requirements of mass production.

[0011] (5) The conventional ball filling device is manually clamped, with low assembly efficiency.

[0012] (6) When the product size and specification are relatively large, it is difficult to fill the balls and easy to scratch the steel balls and bearing raceways.

[0013] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a pneumatic ball filling device for high-precision flexible bearings, which is used for ball filling and assembly of high-precision flexible bearings. It includes a support frame, a limit ring, a deformation block, a deformation block bottom plate, a spring, a special-shaped bolt, and a cylinder. The support frame is used to fixedly support the deformation block at the top and the cylinder at the bottom; the deformation block is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame through the deformation block bottom plate and the limit ring, and is used to place the outer and inner rings of the bearing, and complete the ball filling of the bearing through internal expansion deformation and limitation, and the deformation block rebounds to its original position through the spring; the cylinder is installed at the bottom of the support frame and is connected to the conical hole in the deformation block through the conical column of the special-shaped bolt, and is used to drive and control the expansion and contraction of the deformation block.

[0014] Furthermore, the support frame includes an upper support plate, a lower support plate, and a support shaft. The upper support plate and the lower support plate are fixedly connected through the support shaft.

[0015] Furthermore, the cylinder is installed on the lower support plate and fastened with positioning screws; the two support shafts are installed on the lower support plate; the upper support plate is installed on the two support shafts and fastened with support shaft screws.

[0016] Furthermore, the cylinder is connected to a pressure regulating valve and a pneumatic pedal.

[0017] Furthermore, the special-shaped bolt is inserted into the inner hole of the deformation block, and the lower end thread is screwed with a coupling sleeve and fastened with a nut. The coupling sleeve is screwed onto the cylinder screw and fastened with a nut.

[0018] Furthermore, the limit ring is inserted into the upper step hole of the upper support plate; the deformation block is installed on the deformation block bottom plate and fastened with positioning screws; the bottom surface of the deformation block bottom plate and the step hole surface of the upper support plate are placed stably and fastened with positioning screws; the assembly of the deformation block and the deformation block bottom plate is installed in the limit ring, and the three deformation blocks are blocked by the limit ring.

[0019] Furthermore, the deformation block is a three-part structure, wherein the connecting ends of two symmetrical blocks have an arc surface with an arc of R, a tapered hole is provided in the middle of the deformation block, and the tapered hole cooperates with the tapered column on the special-shaped bolt, a recess D4 is provided on the top of the deformation block for placing the inner ring of the bearing, and a boss D2 is provided for sleeve-connecting the outer ring of the bearing, and a groove D3 is provided on the side of the deformation block for placing a spring.

[0020] A high-precision flexible bearing ball filling method, using a high-precision flexible bearing pneumatic ball filling device, the steps are:

[0021] (1) Put the outer ring of the bearing on the boss D2 of the deformation block, the outer side of the outer ring is in close contact with the boss D2, and the end face of the outer ring is in smooth contact with the bottom surface of the boss D2;

[0022] (2) Place the inner ring of the bearing on the concave platform D4 of the deformation block, and ensure that the end surface of the inner ring is in stable contact with the bottom surface of the concave platform D2;

[0023] (3) Pull the inner ring of the bearing backward so that the outer diameter of the inner ring is close to the inner diameter of the outer ring rib, and place the steel balls on the deformation block to pre-fill 16-18 steel balls;

[0024] (4) Push the inner ring inward to assemble the inner ring and outer ring, so that the steel balls enter the grooves between the inner ring and the outer ring, and then use a copper needle to push the steel balls together;

[0025] (5) Use your foot to step on the pneumatic pedal, so that the cylinder pulls the special-shaped bolt downward through the connecting sleeve, so that the three deformation blocks expand outward, causing the outer ring of the product to deform, and fill the deformation areas on both sides with balls;

[0026] (6) Release the pneumatic pedal, the deformed block rebounds, remove and install the bearing, and then reuse the device to repeat the above procedure until all workpieces are filled with balls.

[0027] Furthermore, during operation, the tension of the cylinder is controlled by adjusting the air pressure of the pressure regulating valve.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] (1) No need to change the bearing design, the problem of not being able to fill all the balls when the bearing has 23 or more balls per set and the filling angle is large (240° to 270°) is solved.

[0030] (2) The outer ring limiter is changed into a peach shape, while the inner ring does not deform, thus solving the problem of the outer ring deforming without rebounding, reducing flexibility and vibration measurement failure rate, and ensuring product accuracy and quality.

[0031] (3) The pneumatic device is easy to operate, provides smooth boosting force, reduces labor intensity, improves production efficiency, and can meet the requirements of mass production. By replacing the limit ring and the deformation block assembly, it can be used for flexible bearings of multiple specifications.

[0032] (4) The device has a wide range of applications and can adapt to flexible bearings of relatively large specifications.

[0033] (5) It can be applied to the ball filling method of the high-precision flexible bearing automatic assembly line, and realizes an important basic technology for the realization of the automated production mode.

[0034] (6) This ball filling method can provide reference for the rapid assembly of bearings with the same or similar structures, and reduce labor intensity. Description of the Drawings

[0035] Figure 1-1 is the main sectional view of the high-precision flexible bearing;

[0036] Figure 1-2 is the top view of the high-precision flexible bearing;

[0037] Figure 1-3 is the main sectional view of the outer ring of the high-precision flexible bearing;

[0038] Figure 1-4 is the main sectional view of the inner ring of the high-precision flexible bearing;

[0039] Figure 2-1 is the main sectional view of the ball filling device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2-2 is the top view of the ball filling device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2-3 is the main sectional view of the deformation block;

[0042] Figure 2-4 is the top view of the deformation block;

[0043] Figure 2-5 is the top view of the base of the variant block;

[0044] Figure 2-6 is the main sectional view of the special-shaped bolt;

[0045] Figure 2-7 is the main sectional view of the limit ring;

[0046] Figure 2-8 is the top view of the upper support plate;

[0047] Figure 3-1 is the main sectional view of the ball filling of the high-precision flexible bearing;

[0048] Figure 3-2 is the top view of the pre-ball filling of the high-precision flexible bearing;

[0049] Figure 3-3 It is the top view of a high-precision flexible bearing pre-filled with balls;

[0050] Figure 3-4 It is the top view of a high-precision flexible bearing filled with balls under force deformation;

[0051] Figure 3-5 It is the partial enlarged view of a high-precision flexible bearing filled with balls under force deformation;

[0052] Figure 3-6 It is the top view of a high-precision flexible bearing filled with balls;

[0053] Explanation of reference numerals in the drawings: 1 - upper positioning plate, 2 - material tray, 3 - support shaft screw, 4 - material tray positioning screw, 5 - limit ring, 6 - flexible bearing, 7 - deformation block, 8 - special-shaped bolt, 9 - deformation block base, 10 - deformation block positioning screw, 11 - spring, 12 - support shaft, 13 - fastening nut, 14 - coupling sleeve, 15 - cylinder nut, 16 - cylinder, 17 - lower positioning plate, 18 - cylinder positioning screw, 19 - base positioning screw, 20 - pressure regulating valve, 21 - pneumatic pedal. Detailed implementation manners

[0054] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0055] A pneumatic ball filling device for a high-precision flexible bearing of the present invention is used for ball filling and assembly of a high-precision flexible bearing. The high-precision flexible bearing 6 includes an outer bearing ring 01, an inner bearing ring 03, and retaining steel balls 02 (23 or more). As Figure 1-1 、 Figure 1-2 shown, the wall thickness at the bottom of the bearing groove is 0.5 - 2.0 mm; the outer ring 01 and the inner ring 03 are circular rings, as Figure 1-3 、 Figure 1-4 shown.

[0056] Embodiment 1: The outer diameter of the bearing is φ80 mm, the inner diameter of the rib is φ76.45 mm; the height of the outer ring is 12 mm, the outer diameter of the inner ring is φ63.63 mm, the inner diameter of the inner ring is φ60 mm, and the height of the inner ring is 8.7 mm; the diameter of the steel ball is φ7.144 mm.

[0057] Embodiment 2: The outer diameter of the bearing is φ120 mm, the inner diameter of the rib is φ115 mm; the height of the outer ring is 18 mm, the outer diameter of the inner ring is φ95 mm, the inner diameter of the inner ring is φ90 mm, and the height of the inner ring is 18 mm; the diameter of the steel ball is φ11.113 mm.

[0058] A pneumatic ball filling device for a high-precision flexible bearing of the present invention, as Figure 2-1 、 Figure 2-2As shown, the cylinder 16 is mounted on the lower support plate 17 and fastened with the positioning screw 18; the connecting sleeve 14 is screwed onto the screw rod of the cylinder 16 and fastened with the cylinder nut 15; the two supporting shafts 12 are mounted on the lower support plate 17; Figure 2-8 As shown, the upper support plate 1 is mounted on two support shafts 12 and fastened with support shaft screws 3; the limit ring 5, see Figure 2-7 , installed into the step hole on the upper supporting plate 1; the deformation block 7 is installed on the deformation block bottom plate 9 and fastened with the deformation block positioning screws 10. The deformation block 7 is divided into three equal parts, and the spring 11 is installed on the side groove D3 of the deformation block 7; the assembly of the deformation block 7 and the deformation block bottom plate 9 is installed in the limit ring 5, the bottom surface of the deformation block bottom plate 9 and the step hole surface of the upper supporting plate 1 are placed stably, and are fastened with the base positioning screws 19; the special-shaped bolt 8 is installed in the inner hole of the deformation block 7, the lower end thread is screwed with the connecting sleeve 14, and is fastened with the fastening nut 13.

[0059] Deformation block 7, such as Figure 2-3 , Figure 2-4 , Figure 2-5 As shown, it is a three-part structure, in which the connection ends of the two symmetrical blocks have an arc surface with an arc of R, and a tapered hole is provided in the middle of the deformation block 7, and the cone angle is β, which is connected to the cone column on the special-shaped bolt 8. Figure 2-6 The top of the deformation block 7 is provided with a concave platform D4 for placing the bearing inner ring 03, and a convex platform D2 for sleeve-connecting the bearing outer ring 01. The side of the deformation block 7 is provided with a groove D3 for placing the spring 11.

[0060] The principle of filling the high-precision flexible bearing with balls of the present invention is to deform the outer ring 01 of the product and keep the inner ring 03 unchanged during filling. The outer ring 01 is deformed and limited by the deformation block 7, the limiting ring 5, the special-shaped bolt 8 and the cylinder 16 to complete the filling of the bearing. Figures 3-1 to 3-4 As shown. The special-shaped bolt 8 and the cylinder 16 are connected through the coupling sleeve 14 to control the expansion and contraction of the deformation block 7; the special-shaped bolt 8 and the deformation block 7 are matched with a tapered hole (angles α and β); the spring 11 makes the deformation block 7 rebound to its original position. In order to ensure that the deformation size of the product is within the controllable range when filling the ball, the three deformation blocks 7 are blocked by the limit ring 5. The tension is controlled by adjusting the air pressure of the air valve during work.

[0061] The specific ball filling process using this device is:

[0062] (1) Place the ball filling device, appropriate amount of outer ring 01, inner ring 03, and steel ball 02 on the workbench;

[0063] (2) Put the bearing outer ring 01 on the boss D2 of the deformation block 7. The outer side of the outer ring 2 is in close contact with the boss D2, and the end face of the outer ring is in smooth contact with the bottom surface of the device boss D2. Figure 3-1 As shown;

[0064] (3) Place the inner ring 03 of the bearing on the concave platform D4 of the deformation block 7. The end face of the inner ring 03 is in stable contact with the bottom surface of the concave platform D4 of the device, as Figure 3-1 shown;

[0065] (4) Pull the inner ring 03 of the bearing backward so that the outer diameter of the inner ring 03 is close to the inner diameter of the rib of the outer ring 01. Place 16 - 18 steel balls 02 at position 06 of the deformation block 7 for pre - filling, as Figure 2-3 , Figure 3-2 shown;

[0066] (5) Push the inner ring 03 inward to assemble the inner ring 03 and the outer ring 01. Make the steel balls 02 enter the inner and outer ring raceways, and then use a copper needle to move the steel balls 3 together, as Figure 3-3 shown;

[0067] (6) Step on the pneumatic pedal 21 with your foot, so that the cylinder 16 pulls the bolt 8 downward through the coupling sleeve 14, causing the three deformation blocks 7 to expand outward and deforming the outer ring of the product. Fill the balls at the two deformation zones 04 and 05, as Figure 3-4 , Figure 3-5 shown

[0068] (7) Release the pneumatic pedal 21, the deformation block 7 rebounds, remove the assembled flexible bearing 6, and then repeat the use of this device in a cycle according to the above procedure until all the workpieces are filled with balls, as Figure 3-6 shown.

Claims

1. A pneumatic ball filling device for high-precision flexible bearings, which is used for ball filling and assembly of high-precision flexible bearings, and is characterized in that: It includes a support frame, a limit ring, a deformation block, a deformation block bottom plate, a spring, a special-shaped bolt, and a cylinder. The support frame is used to fixedly support the deformation block at the top and the cylinder at the bottom. The deformation block is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame through the deformation block bottom plate and the limit ring, and is used to place the outer ring and inner ring of the bearing, and complete the ball filling of the bearing by expanding and deforming inward and limiting, and the deformation block rebounds to its original position through the spring. The cylinder is installed at the bottom of the support frame and is connected to the tapered hole in the deformation block through the tapered column of the special-shaped bolt, and is used to drive and control the expansion and contraction of the deformation block. The deformation block is a three-equal-part structure. Among them, the connection ends of two symmetric blocks have arc surfaces with a radius of curvature greater than the outer diameter of the deformation block. A tapered hole is provided in the middle of the deformation block, which is matched with the tapered column on the special-shaped bolt. A concave platform is provided at the top of the deformation block for placing the inner ring of the bearing, and a convex platform is provided for sleeving the outer ring of the bearing. A groove is provided on the side surface of the deformation block for placing the spring. The special-shaped bolt is installed in the inner hole of the deformation block, and the lower end thread is screwed with the coupling sleeve and tightened with a nut. The coupling sleeve is screwed on the cylinder screw and tightened with a nut.

2. The high-precision flexible bearing pneumatic ball filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame includes an upper support plate, a lower support plate, and a support shaft. The upper support plate and the lower support plate are fixedly connected through the support shaft.

3. The high-precision flexible bearing pneumatic ball filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder is installed on the lower support plate and fastened with positioning screws; the two support shafts are installed on the lower support plate; the upper support plate is installed on the two support shafts and fastened with support shaft screws.

4. The high-precision flexible bearing pneumatic ball filling device according to claim 1, wherein: The cylinder is connected to a pressure regulating valve and a pneumatic pedal.

5. The pneumatic ball filling device for high-precision flexible bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limit ring is installed in the step hole on the upper support plate; the deformation block is installed on the deformation block bottom plate and fastened with positioning screws; the bottom surface of the deformation block bottom plate and the step hole surface of the upper support plate are placed stably and fastened with positioning screws; the assembly of the deformation block and the deformation block bottom plate is installed in the limit ring, and the three deformation blocks are blocked by the limit ring.

6. A method for filling balls in a high-precision flexible bearing, which uses the high-precision flexible bearing pneumatic ball filling device described in any one of claims 1-5, is characterized in that , and the steps are as follows: (1) Put the outer ring of the bearing on the convex platform of the deformation block, and the inner side of the outer ring is in close contact with the convex platform, and the end face of the outer ring is in stable contact with the bottom surface of the convex platform; (2) Place the inner ring of the bearing on the concave platform of the deformation block, and the end face of the inner ring is in stable contact with the bottom surface of the concave platform; (3) Pull the inner ring of the bearing backward to make the inner diameter of the inner ring close to the inner diameter of the outer ring rib, and place 16 - 18 steel balls at the deformation block for pre-filling; (4) Push the inner ring inward to perform the assembly of the inner ring and the outer ring, so that the steel balls enter the grooves of the inner ring and the outer ring, and then use a copper needle to move the steel balls together; (5) Step on the pneumatic pedal with your foot, so that the cylinder pulls the special-shaped bolt downward through the coupling sleeve, causing the three deformation blocks to expand outward, deforming the outer ring of the product, and filling balls at the two side deformation areas; (6) Release the pneumatic pedal, the deformation block rebounds, remove the assembled bearing, and then repeat using this device in a cycle according to the above procedure until all workpiece ball filling work is completed.

7. The high-precision flexible bearing ball filling method according to claim 6, characterized in that: During operation, the air pressure of the pressure regulating valve is adjusted to control the magnitude of the cylinder pulling force.

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