Real-time display method and system of personnel positioning map based on UWB technology

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction management and specifically discloses a method and system for real-time display of personnel positioning maps based on UWB technology. The method and system include a tunnel construction entrance and exit management system connected to a remote control center and a tunnel construction personnel monitoring system. The tunnel construction entrance and exit management system includes an entrance and exit channel access control system and an induction card, both of which store construction personnel information. The entrance and exit channel access control system and the induction card are connected via wireless transmission technology. The tunnel construction personnel monitoring system is used to monitor personnel location and posture information. The present invention sets up a danger zone in the tunnel to alert workers who stray into the danger zone. When the body posture exceeds a preset threshold, that is, the worker's forward or backward leaning angle is too large, the control module automatically tightens the safety helmet to prevent it from falling off.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction management, and in particular relates to a method and system for real-time display of personnel positioning maps based on UWB technology. Background Art

[0002] With China's rapid economic development and the increasing number of tunnel construction projects across provinces and cities, relevant departments are increasingly aware of modern safety management, and safety management requirements and standards are constantly improving. Currently, tunnel construction management often uses real-name verification at entrances and exits to prevent unauthorized entry to construction sites, further improving site safety. However, real-time monitoring of construction workers within tunnels is not guaranteed.

[0003] China's authorized invention patent, publication number CN104329120B, discloses a tunnel construction safety monitoring and management system and method. Through a construction worker safety management system and video surveillance, the construction status within the tunnel and the movement of construction workers can be intuitively understood. In the event of an accident, an emergency plan can be developed based on the location of personnel within the tunnel. In current tunnel excavation projects, the probability of tunnel collapse accidents is very low. Therefore, in addition to developing a management system for accident occurrences, a management system for daily tunnel construction is also needed to minimize safety accidents during construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defect of the prior art that it cannot provide safety protection for construction workers during daily construction, and to provide a method and system for real-time display of personnel positioning maps based on UWB technology.

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides a real-time display system for personnel positioning maps based on UWB technology, including a tunnel construction entrance and exit management system and a construction personnel monitoring system in the tunnel connected to a remote control center;

[0006] The tunnel construction entrance and exit management system includes an entrance and exit channel access control and an induction card, both of which store construction personnel information, and the entrance and exit channel access control and the induction card are connected via wireless transmission technology;

[0007] The construction personnel monitoring system in the tunnel includes a safety helmet integrated with a signal acquisition module, a UWB positioning module, a control module and at least one instruction execution module; the signal acquisition module, the control module and the instruction execution module are respectively signal-connected; the UWB positioning module is signal-connected to the signal acquisition module.

[0008] The signal acquisition module acquires and sends the acquired first sensor information to the control module. The control module generates a first control instruction according to the first sensor information and sends the first control instruction to the corresponding designated instruction execution module for execution, so as to realize warning of dangerous areas in the tunnel.

[0009] The signal acquisition module acquires and sends the acquired second sensor information to the control module. The control module generates a second control instruction according to the second sensor information and sends the second control instruction to the corresponding designated instruction execution module for execution, so as to realize automatic tightening of the helmet.

[0010] The first sensing information is the real-time location information of the construction worker wearing the safety helmet acquired by the UWB positioning module;

[0011] The second sensing information is posture information of the construction worker wearing the safety helmet.

[0012] A further solution is to perform three-dimensional modeling of the tunnel, and the remote control center loads and displays the three-dimensional model;

[0013] Several UWB positioning base stations are set up in the tunnel, and each of the UWB positioning base stations is connected to the UWB positioning module via radio. When the construction workers wearing the safety helmets enter the tunnel, each of the UWB positioning base stations attempts to establish communication with the UWB positioning module, determines the UWB positioning base station communicating with the current UWB positioning module through the distance of the communication link, determines the real-time location information of the construction workers based on the relative distance between the UWB positioning module and the UWB positioning base station, and highlights the real-time location information on the three-dimensional model.

[0014] A further solution is to set a dangerous area on the three-dimensional model based on the actual situation in the tunnel, and set an electronic fence at the edge of the dangerous area. After the construction personnel enter the single fence, the control module generates a first control instruction and sends the first control instruction to the corresponding designated instruction execution module for instruction execution, so as to realize the flashing warning of the electronic fence.

[0015] A further solution is that a posture sensor is provided on the safety helmet for obtaining posture information of the construction worker wearing the safety helmet in real time;

[0016] Tightening devices are provided on both sides of the helmet, and the tightening devices are connected to the top of the fastening belt of the helmet, and the bottom of the fastening belt is detachably connected through a buckle structure;

[0017] The signal acquisition module collects the posture information of the posture sensor in real time and sends it to the control module. The control module generates a second control instruction according to the posture information and sends the second control instruction to the tightening device to realize automatic tightening of the helmet.

[0018] A further solution is that the tightening device is a hollow shell structure, and two support arms are symmetrically provided inside the hollow shell structure for mounting the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft;

[0019] The two ends of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are respectively rotatably connected to the two support arms, and the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are respectively sleeved with a driving wheel and a driven wheel, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are both located between the two support arms;

[0020] The top of the fastening belt is fixed to the driving wheel and wrapped around the driving wheel, and the bottom of the fastening belt passes around the driven wheel and is connected to the bottom of another fastening belt through a buckle;

[0021] A drive box is further provided inside the hollow shell structure, and the drive box is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow shell structure;

[0022] The drive box is provided with a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a fourth gear and a drive motor; the first gear is connected to the first rotating shaft, and is used to drive the first rotating shaft to rotate; the first gear is meshed with the second gear, the third gear is coaxially fixed with the second gear, the third gear is meshed with the fourth gear, and the drive motor is connected to the fourth gear, and is used to drive the fourth gear to rotate;

[0023] The drive motor is signal-connected to the control module.

[0024] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for real-time display of personnel positioning maps based on UWB technology, including: a method for managing tunnel construction entrances and exits and a method for managing construction personnel in a tunnel;

[0025] The tunnel construction entrance and exit management method includes setting up an access control system at the tunnel entrance and exit, and construction workers enter and exit with induction cards. The access control system and the induction cards both store construction worker information, and the access control system and the induction cards are connected via wireless transmission technology. When the access control system senses that the person card is different from the person card, it triggers an automatic alarm and records the corresponding facial information and sends it to a remote control center. The safety helmet integrates a signal acquisition module, a UWB positioning module, a control module, and at least one instruction execution module.

[0026] The tunnel construction management method includes: collecting first sensor information through a signal acquisition module and sending the collected first sensor information to the control module, wherein a first threshold value corresponding to the first sensor information is set inside the control module; if the first sensor information exceeds the first threshold value, the control module generates a first control instruction according to the first sensor information, and sends the first control instruction to the corresponding designated instruction execution module for execution, so as to realize a warning of a dangerous area in the tunnel;

[0027] The signal acquisition module acquires and sends the acquired second sensor information to the control module. A second threshold value corresponding to the second sensor information is set inside the control module. If the second sensor information exceeds the second threshold value, the control module generates a second control instruction according to the second sensor information and sends the second control instruction to the corresponding designated instruction execution module for execution, so as to realize automatic tightening of the helmet.

[0028] The first sensing information is the real-time location information of the construction worker wearing the safety helmet acquired by the UWB positioning module;

[0029] The second sensing information is posture information of the construction worker wearing the safety helmet.

[0030] A further solution is that the process of collecting the first sensor information is:

[0031] Performing three-dimensional modeling in the tunnel, wherein the remote control center loads and displays the three-dimensional model;

[0032] Several UWB positioning base stations are set up in the tunnel, and each of the UWB positioning base stations is connected to the UWB positioning module via radio. When the construction workers wearing the safety helmets enter the tunnel, each of the UWB positioning base stations attempts to establish communication with the UWB positioning module, determines the UWB positioning base station communicating with the current UWB positioning module through the distance of the communication link, determines the real-time location information of the construction workers based on the relative distance between the UWB positioning module and the UWB positioning base station, and highlights the real-time location information on the three-dimensional model.

[0033] A further solution is that the process of setting the first threshold is: setting a dangerous area on the three-dimensional model based on the actual situation in the tunnel, and setting an electronic fence at the edge of the dangerous area.

[0034] A further solution is that the process of collecting the second sensor information is:

[0035] A posture sensor is provided on the helmet to obtain the posture information of the construction worker wearing the helmet in real time;

[0036] Tightening devices are provided on both sides of the helmet, and the tightening devices are connected to the top of the fastening belt of the helmet, and the bottom of the fastening belt is detachably connected through a buckle structure;

[0037] The signal acquisition module collects the posture information of the posture sensor in real time and sends it to the control module. The control module generates a second control instruction according to the posture information and sends the second control instruction to the tightening device to realize automatic tightening of the helmet.

[0038] A further solution is that the tightening device is a hollow shell structure, and two support arms are symmetrically provided inside the hollow shell structure for mounting the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft;

[0039] The two ends of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are respectively rotatably connected to the two support arms, and the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are respectively sleeved with a driving wheel and a driven wheel, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are both located between the two support arms;

[0040] The top of the fastening belt is fixed to the driving wheel and wrapped around the driving wheel, and the bottom of the fastening belt passes around the driven wheel and is connected to the bottom of another fastening belt through a buckle;

[0041] A drive box is further provided inside the hollow shell structure, and the drive box is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow shell structure;

[0042] The drive box is provided with a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a fourth gear and a drive motor; the first gear is connected to the first rotating shaft, and is used to drive the first rotating shaft to rotate; the first gear is meshed with the second gear, the third gear is coaxially fixed with the second gear, the third gear is meshed with the fourth gear, and the drive motor is connected to the fourth gear, and is used to drive the fourth gear to rotate;

[0043] The drive motor is signal-connected to the control module.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention sets up entrance and exit management access control at the tunnel construction entrances and exits, and performs real-name verification on people entering and leaving the tunnel, which can effectively prevent non-staff from entering the tunnel construction area; real-time positioning monitoring and body posture monitoring are performed on the staff who have entered the construction area, and a danger zone is set up in the tunnel to remind the staff who mistakenly enter the danger zone. When the body posture exceeds the preset threshold, that is, the staff's forward or backward leaning angle is too large, the control module automatically tightens the safety helmet to prevent the safety helmet from falling off. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The following drawings are merely provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the control principle of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of communication and positioning between UWB positioning base station and UWB positioning module;

[0048] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the safety helmet structure;

[0049] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the tightening device;

[0050] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drive. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the purpose, technical solution, design method and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0052] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a real-time display system for personnel positioning maps based on UWB technology, including a tunnel construction entrance and exit management system and a tunnel construction personnel monitoring system connected to a remote control center; wherein the remote control center is signal-connected to the tunnel construction entrance and exit management system and the tunnel construction personnel monitoring system, and communicates and interacts with the tunnel construction entrance and exit management system and the tunnel construction personnel monitoring system in real time.

[0053] Among them, the tunnel construction entrance and exit management system includes entrance and exit channel access control and induction card, both of which store construction personnel information, and the entrance and exit channel access control and the induction card are connected through wireless transmission technology.

[0054] The construction personnel monitoring system in the tunnel includes a helmet integrated with a signal acquisition module 16, a UWB positioning module 21, a warning module 19, a control module 17 and at least one instruction execution module 18; the signal acquisition module 16, the UWB positioning module 21, the control module 17 and the instruction execution module 18 are respectively connected to each other by signals;

[0055] Specifically, the signal acquisition module 16 collects and sends the collected first sensor information to the control module 17. The control module 17 generates a first control instruction based on the first sensor information and sends the first control instruction to the corresponding designated instruction execution module 18 for instruction execution, thereby realizing a warning of a dangerous area in the tunnel through the warning module 19. The signal acquisition module 16 collects and sends the collected second sensor information to the control module 17. The control module 17 generates a second control instruction based on the second sensor information and sends the second control instruction to the corresponding designated instruction execution module 18 for instruction execution, thereby realizing automatic tightening of the safety helmet.

[0056] The first sensing information is the real-time position information of the construction worker wearing the safety helmet acquired by the UWB positioning module 21 ; the second sensing information is the posture information of the construction worker wearing the safety helmet.

[0057] In order to monitor the specific location of construction workers in real time, a three-dimensional model of the tunnel is required, and the remote control center loads and displays the three-dimensional model;

[0058] Several UWB positioning base stations 20 are set up in the tunnel, and each of the UWB positioning base stations 20 is connected to the UWB positioning module 21 via radio; when the construction workers wearing the safety helmets enter the tunnel, each of the UWB positioning base stations 20 attempts to establish communication with the UWB positioning module 21, and determines the UWB positioning base station 20 communicating with the current UWB positioning module 21 through the distance of the communication link, and determines the real-time location information of the construction workers based on the relative distance between the UWB positioning module 21 and the UWB positioning base station 20. Based on the actual situation in the tunnel, a dangerous area is set on the three-dimensional model, and an electronic fence is set at the edge of the dangerous area. After the construction workers enter the single fence, the control module 17 generates a first control instruction and sends the first control instruction to the corresponding designated instruction execution module 18 for instruction execution, so as to realize the flashing warning of the electronic fence. Since the position of the UWB positioning base station 20 set up inside the tunnel is known, that is, the three-dimensional coordinates of each UWB positioning base station 20 can be determined in the three-dimensional model, the location information of the construction personnel can be determined in real time through the UWB positioning base station 20 that successfully establishes communication with the UWB positioning module 21. Specifically, Figure 2As shown in the figure, after the UWB positioning module 21 establishes communication with the UWB positioning base station 20, a three-dimensional coordinate system is established in the three-dimensional model with the UWB positioning base station 20 as the coordinate point, and then the three-dimensional coordinates (x, y, z) of the UWB positioning base station 20 are obtained, thereby determining the specific location information of the construction worker wearing a helmet. If the three-dimensional coordinates (x, y, z) belong to the points of the set formed by the electronic fence, the remote control center will promptly send a reminder signal to the construction worker. Multiple UWB positioning base stations 20 are set in the tunnel, and the UWB positioning base stations 20 try to establish communication with the UWB positioning module 21, as shown in the figure. Figure 2 As shown, the UWB positioning module 21 simultaneously receives communication requests from multiple UWB positioning modules 21. For example, when the UWB positioning module 21 is at position 1, the communication links include a, b, c, and d. Since communication link a has the shortest communication distance, communication link a successfully communicates, and the location information of the construction worker wearing a safety helmet is determined by the UWB positioning base station 20 of communication link a. When the UWB positioning module 21 is at position 2, the communication links include A, B, C, and D. Since communication link C has the shortest communication distance, communication link C successfully communicates, and the location information of the construction worker wearing a safety helmet is determined by the UWB positioning base station 20 of communication link C. This process ensures that each time a construction worker's location information is obtained, it is determined by the UWB positioning base station 20 closest to the construction worker. This can effectively improve positioning accuracy for areas in tunnels with weak signals.

[0059] For the automatic tightening of the safety helmet, this embodiment adopts the following structure: a posture sensor 15 is provided on the safety helmet for obtaining the posture information of the construction worker wearing the safety helmet in real time; tightening devices 3 are provided on both sides of the safety helmet, and the tightening devices 3 are connected to the top of the fastening belt 2 of the safety helmet, and the bottom of the fastening belt 2 is detachably connected through a buckle structure; the signal acquisition module 16 collects the posture information of the posture sensor 15 in real time and sends it to the control module 17, and the control module 17 generates a second control instruction according to the posture information, and sends the second control instruction to the tightening device to realize the automatic tightening of the safety helmet.

[0060] like Figure 3-5 As shown, the tightening device 3 is a hollow shell structure, and two support arms 4 are symmetrically arranged inside the hollow shell structure for mounting the first rotating shaft 5 and the second rotating shaft 6;

[0061] The two ends of the first rotating shaft 5 and the second rotating shaft 6 are respectively connected to the two support arms 4 for rotation, and the first rotating shaft 5 and the second rotating shaft 6 are respectively provided with a driving wheel 7 and a driven wheel 8, and the driving wheel 7 and the driven wheel 8 are both located between the two support arms 4; the top of the fastening belt 4 is fixed to the driving wheel 7 and wrapped around the driving wheel 7, and the bottom of the fastening belt 4 passes around the driven wheel 8 and is connected to the bottom of the other fastening belt through a buckle; a drive box 9 is also provided inside the hollow shell structure, and the drive box 9 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow shell structure; the drive box 9 is provided with a first gear 10, a second gear 11, a third gear 12, a fourth gear 13 and a drive motor 14 inside; the first gear 10 is connected to the first rotating shaft 5, and is used to drive the first rotating shaft 5 to rotate; the first gear 10 is engaged with the second gear 11, the third gear 12 is coaxially fixed with the second gear 11, the third gear 12 is engaged with the fourth gear 13, and the drive motor 14 is connected to the fourth gear 13, and is used to drive the fourth gear 13 to rotate; the drive motor 14 is connected to the control module 17 for signal connection.

[0062] Based on the above-mentioned tunnel construction management system, the present invention also provides a method for real-time display of personnel positioning maps based on UWB technology, including: a tunnel construction entrance and exit management method and a tunnel construction personnel management method;

[0063] The tunnel construction entrance and exit management method includes setting up an access control system at a tunnel entrance and exit, and construction workers enter and exit with induction cards. The entrance and exit access control system and the induction card both store construction worker information, and the entrance and exit access control system and the induction card are connected via wireless transmission technology. When the entrance and exit access control system senses the absence of a card, multiple cards, a person with different cards, or the absence of a safety helmet, it triggers an automatic alarm and records the corresponding facial information and sends it to a remote control center. The safety helmet integrates a signal acquisition module 16, a UWB positioning module 21, a control module 17, and at least one instruction execution module 18.

[0064] The tunnel construction management method includes: collecting and sending the collected first sensor information to the control module 17 through the signal acquisition module 16; the control module 17 is internally provided with a first threshold corresponding to the first sensor information; if the first sensor information exceeds the first threshold, the control module 17 generates a first control instruction according to the first sensor information, and sends the first control instruction to the corresponding designated instruction execution module 18 for execution, so as to realize a warning of a dangerous area in the tunnel;

[0065] The signal acquisition module 16 acquires and sends the acquired second sensor information to the control module 17. A second threshold value corresponding to the second sensor information is set inside the control module 17. If the second sensor information exceeds the second threshold value, the control module 17 generates a second control instruction according to the second sensor information and sends the second control instruction to the corresponding designated instruction execution module 18 for execution, thereby realizing automatic tightening of the helmet.

[0066] The first sensing information is the real-time location information of the construction worker wearing the helmet obtained by the UWB positioning module 21;

[0067] The second sensing information is posture information of the construction worker wearing the safety helmet.

[0068] In the above description, the automatic tightening process of the helmet is as follows: the signal acquisition module 16 sends the collected posture information to the control module 17, and the control module 17 compares the posture information with the preset posture threshold. The posture information in this process mainly includes the forward tilt angle and the backward tilt angle. If the posture information exceeds the posture threshold, the control module 17 generates a control instruction based on the control information and sends the control instruction to the tightening device 3. Specifically, after receiving the control instruction, the drive motor 14 drives the fourth gear 13 to rotate. Since the fourth gear 13 is engaged with the third gear 12, and the third gear 12 is fixedly connected to the second gear 11, and the diameter of the third gear 12 is smaller than that of the fourth gear 13 and the second gear 11, it can play an accelerating role, so that the fourth gear 13 drives the second gear 11 to rotate, and then drives the first gear 10 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the driving wheel 7. Since one end of the fastening belt 2 is fixed to the driving wheel 7, when the driving wheel 7 rotates, the fastening belt can be wound around the driving wheel 7, realizing the automatic tightening of the fastening belt 2. In this embodiment, the speed and rotational range of the drive motor 14 can also be set based on the posture information. For example, three gears can be set: "loose," "tight," and "tight." Different rotational ranges of the drive motor 14 result in different tightening degrees of the fastening belt 2. The drive motor 14 can also be equipped with an ECU with a memory function. For users with different head circumferences, the "tight" gear can be set before use to avoid discomfort during use.

[0069] While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above descriptions are intended to be illustrative, non-exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is selected to best explain the principles of the embodiments, their practical applications, or technological improvements in the marketplace, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. The real-time display system of personnel positioning map based on UWB technology is characterized by: It includes a tunnel construction entrance and exit management system connected to a remote control center and a construction personnel monitoring system in the tunnel; The tunnel construction entrance and exit management system includes an entrance and exit channel access control and an induction card, both of which store construction personnel information, and the entrance and exit channel access control and the induction card are connected via wireless transmission technology; The construction personnel monitoring system in the tunnel comprises a safety helmet integrated with a signal acquisition module (16), a UWB positioning module (21), a control module (17), and at least one instruction execution module (18); The signal acquisition module (16), the control module (17) and the instruction execution module (18) are respectively connected in signal connection; the UWB positioning module (21) is connected in signal connection with the signal acquisition module (16); The signal acquisition module (16) acquires and sends the acquired first sensor information to the control module (17); the control module (17) generates a first control instruction according to the first sensor information, and sends the first control instruction to the corresponding designated instruction execution module (18) for instruction execution, so as to realize a warning of a dangerous area in the tunnel; The signal acquisition module (16) acquires and sends the acquired second sensor information to the control module (17); the control module (17) generates a second control instruction according to the second sensor information, and sends the second control instruction to the corresponding designated instruction execution module (18) for instruction execution, so as to realize automatic tightening of the helmet; Performing three-dimensional modeling of the tunnel, wherein the remote control center loads and displays the three-dimensional model; A plurality of UWB positioning base stations (20) are arranged in the tunnel, and each of the UWB positioning base stations (20) is connected to the UWB positioning module (21) via radio; when a construction worker wearing the safety helmet enters the tunnel, each of the UWB positioning base stations (20) attempts to establish communication with the UWB positioning module (21), determines the UWB positioning base station (20) communicating with the current UWB positioning module (21) through the distance of the communication link, determines the real-time location information of the construction worker based on the relative distance between the UWB positioning module (21) and the UWB positioning base station (20), and highlights the real-time location information on the three-dimensional model; The first sensing information is the real-time location information of the construction worker wearing the safety helmet acquired by the UWB positioning module (21); The second sensor information is posture information of the construction worker wearing the safety helmet; A dangerous area is set on the three-dimensional model based on the actual situation in the tunnel, and an electronic fence is set at the edge of the dangerous area. After the construction personnel enter the electronic fence, the control module (17) generates a first control instruction and sends the first control instruction to the corresponding designated instruction execution module (18) for instruction execution, so as to realize the flashing warning of the electronic fence; The safety helmet is provided with a posture sensor (15) for acquiring posture information of the construction worker wearing the safety helmet in real time; Tightening devices (3) are respectively provided on both sides of the safety helmet, and the tightening devices (3) are connected to the top of the safety helmet's fastening belt (2), and the bottom of the fastening belt (2) is detachably connected via a buckle structure; The signal acquisition module (16) acquires the posture information of the posture sensor (15) in real time and sends it to the control module (17); the control module (17) generates a second control instruction based on the posture information and sends the second control instruction to the tightening device to achieve automatic tightening of the helmet.

2. The real-time display system of personnel location map based on UWB technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tightening device (3) is a hollow shell structure, and two support arms (4) are symmetrically arranged inside the hollow shell structure for mounting the first rotating shaft (5) and the second rotating shaft (6); The two ends of the first rotating shaft (5) and the second rotating shaft (6) are respectively rotatably connected to the two support arms (4), and the first rotating shaft (5) and the second rotating shaft (6) are respectively provided with a driving wheel (7) and a driven wheel (8), and the driving wheel (7) and the driven wheel (8) are both located between the two support arms (4); The top of the fastening belt (2) is fixed to the driving wheel (7) and is wound around the driving wheel (7), and the bottom of the fastening belt (2) passes around the driven wheel (8) and is connected to the bottom of another fastening belt through a buckle; A drive box (9) is further provided inside the hollow shell structure, and the drive box (9) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow shell structure; The driving box (9) is provided with a first gear (10), a second gear (11), a third gear (12), a fourth gear (13) and a driving motor (14); the first gear (10) is connected to the first rotating shaft (5) and is used to drive the first rotating shaft (5) to rotate; the first gear (10) is meshed with the second gear (11), the third gear (12) is coaxially fixed with the second gear (11), the third gear (12) is meshed with the fourth gear (13), and the driving motor (14) is connected to the fourth gear (13) and is used to drive the fourth gear (13) to rotate; The drive motor (14) is signal-connected to the control module (17).

3. A real-time display method of personnel positioning map based on UWB technology, characterized in that: The real-time display system of personnel positioning map based on UWB technology according to any one of claims 1-2 comprises: a tunnel construction entrance and exit management method and a tunnel construction personnel management method; The tunnel construction entrance and exit management method includes setting up an access control system at the tunnel entrance and exit, and construction personnel enter and exit with induction cards, wherein the access control system and the induction card both store construction personnel information, and the access control system and the induction card are connected via wireless transmission technology; when the access control system senses that the person card is different from the person card, an automatic alarm is triggered and the corresponding facial information is recorded and sent to a remote control center; the safety helmet is integrated with a signal acquisition module (16), a UWB positioning module (21), a control module (17) and at least one instruction execution module (18); The method for managing construction personnel in a tunnel comprises: collecting and sending the collected first sensor information to the control module (17) through a signal collection module (16); a first threshold value corresponding to the first sensor information is provided inside the control module (17); if the first sensor information exceeds the first threshold value, the control module (17) generates a first control instruction according to the first sensor information, and sends the first control instruction to the corresponding designated instruction execution module (18) for instruction execution, so as to realize a warning of a dangerous area in the tunnel; The signal acquisition module (16) acquires and sends the acquired second sensor information to the control module (17). A second threshold value corresponding to the second sensor information is provided inside the control module (17). If the second sensor information exceeds the second threshold value, the control module (17) generates a second control instruction according to the second sensor information and sends the second control instruction to the corresponding designated instruction execution module (18) for instruction execution, so as to realize automatic tightening of the helmet; The first sensing information is the real-time position information of the construction worker wearing the safety helmet acquired by the UWB positioning module (21); The second sensor information is posture information of the construction worker wearing the safety helmet; The process of collecting the first sensor information is as follows: Performing three-dimensional modeling in the tunnel, wherein the remote control center loads and displays the three-dimensional model; A plurality of UWB positioning base stations (20) are arranged in the tunnel, and each of the UWB positioning base stations (20) is connected to the UWB positioning module (21) via radio. When a construction worker wearing the safety helmet enters the tunnel, each of the UWB positioning base stations (20) attempts to establish communication with the UWB positioning module (21), determines the UWB positioning base station (20) communicating with the current UWB positioning module (21) through the distance of the communication link, determines the real-time location information of the construction worker based on the relative distance between the UWB positioning module (21) and the UWB positioning base station (20), and highlights the real-time location information on the three-dimensional model.

4. The method for real-time display of personnel location map based on UWB technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The process of setting the first threshold is: setting a dangerous area on the three-dimensional model based on the actual situation in the tunnel, and setting an electronic fence at the edge of the dangerous area.

5. The method for real-time display of personnel location map based on UWB technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The collection process of the second sensing information is as follows: A posture sensor (15) is provided on the safety helmet for obtaining posture information of the construction worker wearing the safety helmet in real time; Tightening devices (3) are respectively provided on both sides of the safety helmet, and the tightening devices (3) are connected to the top of the safety helmet's fastening belt (2), and the bottom of the fastening belt (2) is detachably connected via a buckle structure; The signal acquisition module (16) acquires the posture information of the posture sensor (15) in real time and sends it to the control module (17); the control module (17) generates a second control instruction based on the posture information and sends the second control instruction to the tightening device to achieve automatic tightening of the helmet.

6. The method for real-time display of personnel location map based on UWB technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tightening device (3) is a hollow shell structure, and two support arms (4) are symmetrically arranged inside the hollow shell structure for mounting the first rotating shaft (5) and the second rotating shaft (6); The two ends of the first rotating shaft (5) and the second rotating shaft (6) are respectively rotatably connected to the two support arms (4), and the first rotating shaft (5) and the second rotating shaft (6) are respectively provided with a driving wheel (7) and a driven wheel (8), and the driving wheel (7) and the driven wheel (8) are both located between the two support arms (4); The top of the fastening belt (2) is fixed to the driving wheel (7) and is wound around the driving wheel (7), and the bottom of the fastening belt (4) passes around the driven wheel (8) and is connected to the bottom of another fastening belt through a buckle; A drive box (9) is further provided inside the hollow shell structure, and the drive box (9) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow shell structure; The driving box (9) is provided with a first gear (10), a second gear (11), a third gear (12), a fourth gear (13) and a driving motor (14); the first gear (10) is connected to the first rotating shaft (5) and is used to drive the first rotating shaft (5) to rotate; the first gear (10) is meshed with the second gear (11), the third gear (12) is coaxially fixed with the second gear (11), the third gear (12) is meshed with the fourth gear (13), and the driving motor (14) is connected to the fourth gear (13) and is used to drive the fourth gear (13) to rotate; The drive motor (14) is signal-connected to the control module (17).

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