A device for loosening and forming tobacco leaves into cakes

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for loosening tobacco cakes, comprising: a loosening box, which is used to loosen tobacco cakes into loose tobacco leaves; and a feed hopper, which is arranged on the loosening box and is used to guide tobacco cakes into the loosening box. The present invention is installed at the tobacco cake rejection port of a hemp fiber rejection machine, and the rejected tobacco cakes are directly loosened, avoiding the process of manually tearing tobacco leaves off the tobacco cakes one by one, thereby greatly improving production efficiency; the rejected tobacco cakes are automatically processed in a timely manner and added to the same batch of products in a timely manner, thereby ensuring the integrity and uniformity of the product formula; after the tobacco cakes are processed according to uniform specifications and standards, the hidden danger of the next process causing equipment shutdown after the addition of manually processed tobacco cakes is eliminated, thereby ensuring the stability of product quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cigarette shred processing equipment, and more particularly to a device for loosening and forming tobacco leaves into cakes. Background Art

[0002] On the tobacco-making line at a cigarette factory, boxed tobacco leaves are shipped from the raw material warehouse to the tobacco-making workshop, where they are removed from the cartons by a carton unpacker. A slicer then cuts the boxed tobacco into uniform pieces. The pieces are then heated and humidified in a loosening and conditioning machine to loosen the leaves. The leaves then pass through a fiber-removing machine before entering the next process. The tobacco leaves are hydraulically packed and boxed in the redrying plant. After boxing, they spend two to three years in storage for an aging period. Each box weighs 200 kg. Stacking boxes (usually three packs) compresses the lower bales, making the stacks tight and difficult to loosen. Due to the characteristics of tobacco leaves, oily tobacco leaves tend to stick together when squeezed, making them difficult to loosen. Therefore, after the boxed tobacco leaves are sliced ​​by the slicer and then loosened in the loosening and conditioning cylinder, a small amount of tobacco leaves may not be fully conditioned and loosened. This means that the leaves stick together and form cakes, which we call "cake tobacco."

[0003] The amount of cake tobacco left after the loosening and conditioning machine is directly related to a key process indicator: the permeability. According to statistics, for a batch of 8,000 kg of tobacco, the cake weight for Class I tobacco is approximately 30 kg, while that for Class II tobacco is approximately 60 kg. After loosening and conditioning, the tobacco leaves and cake tobacco are separated by a star-roller-type fiber removal machine. The loose leaves proceed to the next process, while the cake tobacco is removed by a hopper. The removed cake tobacco is then manually torn before being fed into the next process.

[0004] The above method of processing tobacco cakes is commonly adopted in the industry, but this manual method of processing tobacco cakes has the following main problems: 1. The operator needs to tear the tobacco leaves from the tobacco cakes one by one, which is inefficient; 2. There is a risk that the manually processed tobacco cakes cannot be added to the current batch of tobacco in time, affecting the integrity and uniformity of the product formula; 3. The standards for manually processing tobacco cakes are different, and the processing may not be thorough. The unprocessed tobacco cakes added to the next process may cause equipment shutdown, thereby affecting the stability of product quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a device for loosening and forming tobacco leaves into cakes, in order to solve the technical problems in the background technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A device for loosening and forming tobacco leaves into cakes, comprising:

[0008] A loosening box, which is used to loosen the tobacco cakes into loose tobacco leaves;

[0009] A feed hopper is provided on the loose box and is used for introducing the tobacco cakes into the loose box.

[0010] In some embodiments, the loose box comprises:

[0011] A curved railing frame, wherein a curved mounting cavity is provided in the curved railing frame;

[0012] A fixed knife assembly, the fixed knife assembly being arranged on the inner side wall of the arc-shaped mounting cavity;

[0013] A cutterhead assembly, the cutterhead assembly being rotatably disposed within the arc-shaped railing frame;

[0014] The cutter disc assembly and the fixed knife assembly cooperate with each other to cut and peel the tobacco cakes into small pieces;

[0015] The cutter disc assembly and the arc-shaped railing frame cooperate with each other to peel small pieces of tobacco cakes into loose tobacco leaves.

[0016] In some embodiments, the arc-shaped railing frame includes: a frame body, the frame body is provided with upper and lower openings; arc-shaped railings, a plurality of the arc-shaped railings are arranged in the frame body at equal intervals; and the arc-shaped openings of the arc-shaped railings face upward.

[0017] In some embodiments, the arc-shaped railing frame further includes a positioning mounting frame, on which positioning grooves for mounting the arc-shaped railings are formed at equal intervals, and the arc-shaped railings are mounted on the frame through the positioning grooves.

[0018] In some embodiments, the arc-shaped railing includes a middle arc-shaped section and a square section and a threaded section sequentially arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped section. A square hole is provided on the positioning mounting frame opposite to the positioning groove. The frame body has a through hole at a position opposite to the square hole. The threaded section of the arc-shaped railing passes through the through hole and the square section is arranged in the square hole to realize the installation of the arc-shaped railing.

[0019] In some embodiments, the fixed knife assembly includes a knife seat and a plurality of fixed knives mounted on the knife seat, and the plurality of fixed knives are arranged at equal intervals.

[0020] In some embodiments, the fixed knife adopts a double-edged structure, with cutting edges on its top and one end surface.

[0021] In some embodiments, the fixed knife is arranged in a symmetrical structure, and is arranged in a pointed shape on the side of the fixed knife facing the cutter disc assembly.

[0022] In some embodiments, the cutter disc assembly includes a spline shaft, on which are mounted a plurality of cutter discs and a plurality of eccentric sleeves, wherein adjacent cutter discs are staggered and eccentric sleeves are mounted between adjacent cutter discs, wherein the eccentric directions of adjacent eccentric sleeves are consistent.

[0023] In some embodiments, the center of the cutter disc has a circular hole with a spline groove, and the edge of the cutter disc is composed of several stepped arcs with different radii.

[0024] In some embodiments, the edge of the cutter disc is provided with three stepped arcs with different radii, and the three stepped arcs with different radii are arranged at equal intervals.

[0025] In some embodiments, each stepped arc with different radii includes a first arc, a second arc, and a third arc, respectively, wherein the radii of the first arc, the second arc, and the third arc gradually decrease.

[0026] In some embodiments, in the three stepped arcs with different radii, the radii of the first arc, the second arc, and the third arc of each stepped arc are correspondingly equal.

[0027] In some embodiments, the blade corresponding to the first arc is larger than the blade corresponding to the second arc.

[0028] In some embodiments, the loose box also includes a scraper assembly for scraping off the cigarette trapped between the cutter disc and the eccentric bushing; the scraper assembly includes: a scraper, a curved arm hanging rod, a tension spring, a hanging rod, and a fixed shaft; the fixed shaft passes through the rotating hole of the scraper and is installed between the two short wall panels of the arc railing frame, and two positioning sleeves are installed on the fixed shaft, and the two positioning sleeves limit the scraper on both sides of the scraper respectively; there are hanging rod thread holes at both ends of the short arm of the scraper for installing the hanging rod, the curved arm hanging rod is fixed on the short wall panel, one end of the tension spring is hooked on the hanging rod, and the other end of the tension spring is hooked on the curved arm hanging rod, so that the short rod of the scraper is in close contact with the surface of the eccentric bushing.

[0029] In some embodiments, the scraper includes a scraper body, the scraper body is provided with a plurality of connection ends arranged at equal intervals, the connection ends are connected to short rods through long arms, a through rotating hole is opened on the scraper body, the other side of the scraper body is connected to a short arm, and the end of the short arm is connected to a hanging rod wire hole.

[0030] In some embodiments, the width of the short rod is smaller than the distance between two adjacent impeller discs.

[0031] In some embodiments, a wedge-shaped rib is provided between the short rod and the long arm.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] The equipment provided by the present invention can directly loosen the rejected tobacco cakes, avoiding the process of manually tearing the tobacco sheets off the tobacco cakes one by one, thereby greatly improving production efficiency; it automatically processes the rejected tobacco cakes in a timely manner and adds them to the same batch of products in a timely manner, thereby ensuring the integrity and uniformity of the product formula; after the tobacco cakes are processed according to uniform specifications and standards, it eliminates the hidden danger of manually processing the tobacco cakes and causing the next process to shut down the equipment, thereby ensuring the stability of product quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for loosening and forming tobacco leaves into cakes according to Example 1;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the feed hopper of Example 1;

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the feed hopper of Example 1;

[0037] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the loose box of Example 1;

[0038] Figure 5 is an exploded view of the loose box of Example 1;

[0039] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the cutter head assembly of Example 1;

[0040] Figure 7 is an exploded view of the cutter head assembly of Example 1;

[0041] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the cutter head of Example 1;

[0042] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the eccentric sleeve of Example 1;

[0043] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the curved railing frame of Example 1;

[0044] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the curved railing of Example 1;

[0045] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the positioning mounting frame of Example 1;

[0046] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the fixed knife assembly of Example 1;

[0047] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the fixed knife of Example 1;

[0048] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the scraper assembly of Example 1;

[0049] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the scraper of Example 1;

[0050] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the scraper of Example 1;

[0051] Illustration: 1- bell mouth, 2- cover plate, 3- guide plate, 4- baffle, 21- cutter head assembly, 22- fixed knife assembly, 23- arc railing frame, 25- motor reducer, 26- arc railing, 27- scraper assembly, 31- spline shaft, 32- shoulder, 33- cutter head, 34- eccentric bushing, 35- round nut, 41- first arc section, 42- second arc section, 43- third arc section, 51- long wall panel, 52- short wall panel , 54-nut, 55-frame, 61-arc segment, 62-square segment, 63-thread segment, 71-positioning groove, 81-knife seat, 82-fixed knife, 91-cutting edge, 110-short rod, 120-wedge rib, 130-long arm, 140-rotation hole, 150-short arm, 160-hanging rod wire hole, 210-scraper, 220-bend arm hanging rod, 230-tension spring, 240-hanging rod, 250-fixed shaft, 260-positioning sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the preferred embodiments of the present application. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar parts or parts with the same or similar functions. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be understood as limitations on the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to a fixed connection, an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, internal communication between two components, or an interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0055] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are orientations or positional relationships based on the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0056] In addition, the terms "comprises" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or display that comprises a series of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, product, or display.

[0057] The following will be combined Figures 1 to 17 , a device for loosening and forming tobacco leaves involved in the embodiments of the present application is described in detail. It is worth noting that the following embodiments are only used to explain the present application and do not constitute a limitation of the present application.

[0058] Embodiment 1:

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, a device for loosening tobacco cakes includes: a feed hopper and a loosening box, wherein the loosening box is used to loosen the tobacco cakes into loose tobacco leaves;

[0060] like Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the loose box includes: an arc-shaped railing 26 frame 23, in which an arc-shaped mounting cavity is provided; a fixed knife 82 assembly 22, in which the fixed knife 82 assembly 22 is arranged on the inner wall of the arc-shaped mounting cavity; a cutter disc 33 assembly 21, in which the cutter disc 33 assembly 21 is rotatably arranged in the arc-shaped railing 26 frame 23; the cutter disc 33 assembly 21 and the fixed knife 82 assembly 22 cooperate with each other to cut and peel the tobacco cakes into small pieces; the cutter disc 33 assembly 21 and the arc-shaped railing 26 frame 23 cooperate with each other to peel small pieces of tobacco cakes into loose tobacco leaves.

[0061] The loosening box is the core component of the single-axis tobacco cake loosening machine, and the tobacco cakes are loosened in the loosening box. The loosening box mainly consists of a cutter disc 33 assembly 21, a fixed blade 82 assembly 22, an arc-shaped railing 26 frame 23, a smoke scraper assembly, wall panels, and a motor reducer 25. The cutter disc 33 assembly 21 is installed in the center of the arc-shaped railing 26 frame 23. The cutter disc 33 assembly 21 is fixed to the two short wall panels 52 of the arc-shaped railing 26 frame 23 via a bearing seat; the fixed blade 82 assembly 22 is installed on one side of the cutter disc 33 assembly 21, and the fixed blade 82 assembly 22 is fixed to one side of the long wall panel 51 via screws; the smoke scraper assembly is above the cutter disc 33 assembly 21 and is fixed to the two short wall panels 52 of the arc-shaped railing 26 frame 23 via its fixed shaft 250. The motor reducer 25 is installed on the outside of a short wall plate 52 of the arc-shaped railing 26 frame 23, one end of the spline shaft 31 of the cutter disc 33 assembly 21 is installed in the motor reducer 25, and the suspension device of the motor reducer 25 is fixed on the outside of the short wall plate 52.

[0062] The feed hopper is set on the loose box and is used to guide the tobacco cakes into the loose box. Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the feed hopper is the entrance for the tobacco cakes to enter the loosening machine. It is made of stainless steel plates of a certain thickness that are cut into the required shape and then welded together. According to their functions and shapes, they are divided into bell mouth 1, cover plate 2, guide plate 3 and baffle 4. Their position relationship is as follows Figure 2 As shown. A row of eyelets is machined on the two long sides of the cover plate 2, through which bolts connect to the wall panels of the loosening box. A bell mouth 1 is welded to the top of the cover plate 2, through which the smoke enters the loosening machine. A guide plate 3 and a baffle 4 are welded to the bottom of the cover plate 2, which guide the smoke into the loosening machine's working area.

[0063] like Figure 10 As shown, the curved railing 26 frame 23 supports the tobacco leaves as the cutterhead 33 rotates to process them, allowing loose tobacco leaves to fall through the gaps between the curved railings 26. The curved railing 26 frame 23 comprises a frame body 55 with upper and lower openings. The frame body 55 comprises a frame and four wall panels arranged on its side walls: two opposing short wall panels 52 and two opposing long wall panels 51.

[0064] During installation, first install the curved railing 26 between the two long wall panels 51 and tighten with the nut 54. Then, install the fixed blade 82 assembly 22 on one of the long wall panels 51. The two bearing blocks are mounted on the two short wall panels 52, respectively. The cutterhead 33 assembly 21 is attached to the two short wall panels 52 via the spline shaft 31 and the bearing blocks. Finally, the two long wall panels 51 and the two short wall panels 52 are connected using screws.

[0065] A plurality of curved railings 26 are fixed to the two long wall panels 51 by nuts 54, and the spacing between the curved railings 26 is consistent. The curved railings 26 are made of round stainless steel bars and are shaped as follows. Figure 11 As shown, its two ends are processed into square shafts and screw rods. The square shafts are easy to install and can prevent the arc-shaped railing 26 from rotating. The screw rods can be fixed to the wall panel through nuts 54.

[0066] In some embodiments, a plurality of the arc-shaped railings 26 are arranged in the frame 55 at equal intervals; and the arc-shaped openings of the arc-shaped railings 26 face upward.

[0067] like Figure 12 As shown, the frame 23 of the arc-shaped railing 26 further includes a positioning mounting frame, on which positioning slots 71 for mounting the arc-shaped railing 26 are evenly spaced. The arc-shaped railing 26 is mounted on the frame 55 through the positioning slots 71 .

[0068] In some embodiments, the arc-shaped railing 26 includes a middle arc-shaped segment 61 and a square segment 62 and a threaded segment 63 sequentially arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped segment 61. A square hole is provided on the positioning mounting frame opposite to the positioning groove 71. The frame 55 has a through hole at a position opposite to the square hole. The threaded segment 63 of the arc-shaped railing 26 passes through the through hole and the square segment 62 is arranged in the square hole to realize the installation of the arc-shaped railing 26.

[0069] like Figure 13 As shown, the fixed knife 82 assembly 22 includes a knife seat 81 and a plurality of fixed knives 82 mounted on the knife seat 81, and the plurality of fixed knives 82 are arranged at equal intervals. The fixed knife 82 assembly 22 is a plurality of fixed knives 82 ( Figure 13 ) are welded to the blade holder 81 at intervals, and the fixed blade 82 assembly 22 is mounted on the long wall panel 51. The fixed blade 82 is a double-edged structure, with cutting edges 91 on its top and one end. The main function of the fixed blade 82 is to cut and separate the large smoke cakes as they pass through the fixed blade 82 when the cutter disc 33 rotates, thereby reducing the operating load of the equipment.

[0070] In some embodiments, the fixed blade 82 is symmetrically arranged, with a pointed tip on the side of the fixed blade 82 facing the cutter disc 33 assembly 21. This facilitates the cutting and separation of the large tobacco cakes when the cutter disc 33 drives them through the fixed blade 82, further reducing the operating load of the equipment.

[0071] In some embodiments, as Figure 6-8 As shown, the cutter disc 33 assembly 21 includes a spline shaft 31, on which a plurality of cutter discs 33 and a plurality of eccentric bushings are installed, wherein adjacent cutter discs 33 are installed in a staggered manner, and eccentric bushings are installed between adjacent cutter discs 33, wherein the eccentric directions of adjacent eccentric bushings 34 are consistent.

[0072] The cutterhead 33 assembly 21 consists of a spline shaft 31, a cutterhead 33, an eccentric bushing 34, and a round nut 5435. The cutterhead 33 assembly 21 is a key component of a single-shaft tobacco loosening machine. The spline shaft 31 serves as the main drive shaft for the machine. One end of the spline shaft 31 is machined with a shoulder 32. Multiple cutterheads 33 and eccentric bushings 34 are mounted on the spline shaft 31. During installation, first install the first cutter disc 33 close to the shoulder 32 of the spline shaft 31, and then install the first eccentric bushing 34 close to the first cutter disc 33; install the second cutter disc 33 close to the first eccentric bushing 34, and pay attention to the staggered installation of the first cutter disc 33 and the second cutter disc 33 during installation, and then install the second eccentric bushing 34 close to the second cutter disc 33, and pay attention to the eccentric direction of the second eccentric bushing 34 and the first eccentric bushing 34 during installation. In this way, the cutter discs 33 and eccentric bushings 34 are installed in sequence; finally, install the round nut 5435, which tightly connects the cutter disc 33 and the eccentric bushing 34.

[0073] For example, the second cutter disc 33 is rotated 60° and installed on the first eccentric bushing 34. The second eccentric bushing 34 is then installed on the second cutter disc 33 with the same eccentricity as the first eccentric bushing 34. After the cutter discs 33 and eccentric bushings 34 are installed in this order, the retaining washers and round nuts 5435 are finally installed. The staggered arrangement of the cutter discs 33 allows for better compression and tearing of the tobacco. The fixed blades 82 and the curved railing 26 work together to loosen the tobacco.

[0074] like Figure 9 As shown, the eccentric bushing 34 is cylindrical in shape with a splined slot inside. The cylinder and the splined slot are not concentric by a certain eccentric distance e. The eccentric bushing 34 is installed between the two cutter discs 33, ensuring a consistent spacing between the cutter discs 33. The eccentric bushing 34 is installed in the same eccentric direction, ensuring that the scraper 210 and the eccentric bushing 34 maintain contact. The minimum spacing between the eccentric bushing 34 and the curved railing is 2 mm. During operation, the gap between the eccentric bushing 34 and the curved railing varies, scraping away any tobacco caught between the eccentric bushing 34 and the curved railing and preventing tobacco leaves from hanging on the curved railing 26.

[0075] In some embodiments, the center of the cutter disc 33 features a circular hole with a spline groove for easy installation and positioning. The edge of the cutter disc 33 is formed by several stepped arcs of varying radii. Their thickness is slightly less than the spacing between adjacent curved rails 26. As the cutter disc 33 rotates, its stepped arcs draw the tobacco into the work area and prevent it from retreating. The coordinated action of the fixed blade 82 and the curved rails 26 loosens the tobacco.

[0076] In some embodiments, the edge of the blade disc 33 is provided with three stepped arcs of varying radius, spaced evenly apart. Each stepped arc comprises a first arc 41, a second arc 42, and a third arc 43, with the radii of the first arc 41, the second arc 42, and the third arc 43 gradually decreasing. The stepped arc-shaped blade can bring the tobacco into the working area and prevent it from retreating.

[0077] In some embodiments, the radii of the first arc 41, the second arc 42, and the third arc 43 of each stepped arc are equal. This ensures that the force applied to each part of the cutter head 33 is uniform during rotation, thereby increasing the service life of the cutter head 33.

[0078] In some embodiments, the blade edge corresponding to the first arc 41 is larger than the blade edge corresponding to the second arc. The larger blade edge corresponding to the first arc 41 facilitates hooking the cigarette into the work area, while the blade edges corresponding to the second arc 42 and the blade edges corresponding to the third arc 43 facilitate preventing the cigarette from retreating.

[0079] In some embodiments, as Figure 15-17 As shown, the loose box also includes a scraper 210 assembly 27 for scraping off the cigarettes between the cutter disc 33 and the eccentric bushing 34; the scraper 210 assembly 27 includes: a scraper 210, a crank arm hanging rod 240220, a tension spring 230, a hanging rod 240, and a fixed shaft 250; the fixed shaft 250 passes through the rotation hole 140 of the scraper 210 and is installed between the two short wall plates 52 of the arc railing 26 frame 23, and two positioning sleeves 26 are installed on the fixed shaft 250. 0, two positioning sleeves 260 limit the scraper 210 on both sides of the scraper 210; there are hanging rod 240 thread holes 160 at both ends of the short arm 150 of the scraper 210 for installing the hanging rod 240, the curved arm hanging rod 240220 is fixed on the short wall plate 52, one end of the tension spring 230 is hooked on the hanging rod 240, and the other end of the tension spring 230 is hooked on the curved arm hanging rod 240220, so that the short rod 110 of the scraper 210 is in close contact with the surface of the eccentric bushing 34.

[0080] The scraper 210 assembly 27 scrapes away smoke trapped between the cutter disc 33 and the eccentric bushing 34. It consists of the scraper 210, a crank arm hanging rod 240-220, a tension spring 230, the hanging rod 240, a fixed shaft 250, and a positioning sleeve 260. The fixed shaft 250 passes through the rotation hole 140 of the scraper 210 and is installed between the two short wall panels 52. It is secured to the short wall panels 52 by a nut 54, allowing the scraper 210 to rotate up and down. Two positioning sleeves 260 are mounted on the fixed shaft 250, one on each side of the scraper 210 to maintain a fixed position. The short arms 150 of the scraper 210 have thread holes 160 at both ends for mounting the hanging rods 240. The curved arm hanging rods 240 and 220 are fixed to the short wallboard 52. One end of the tension spring 230 is hooked on the hanging rod 240, and the other end of the tension spring 230 is hooked on the curved arm hanging rod 240 and 220. This allows the short rod 110 of the scraper 210 to closely contact the surface of the eccentric bushing 34. In some embodiments, the width of the short rod 110 is slightly smaller than the distance between two adjacent cutter discs 33. When the single-axis tobacco cake loosening machine is in operation, the short rod 110 of the scraper 210 is tightly attached to the eccentric bushing 34 due to the action of the tension spring 230, and scrapes the tobacco trapped between the cutter disc 33 and the eccentric bushing 34.

[0081] In some embodiments, the scraper 210 includes a scraper 210 body, and the scraper 210 body is provided with a plurality of connection ends arranged at equal intervals. The connection end is connected to the short rod 110 through the long arm 130. The scraper 210 body is provided with a through rotating hole 140. The other side of the scraper 210 body is connected to a short arm 150, and the end of the short arm 150 is connected to the hanging rod 240 thread hole 160.

[0082] In some embodiments, a wedge-shaped rib 120 is provided between the short rod 110 and the long arm 130 to increase the firmness between the short rod 110 and the long arm 130 .

[0083] The base mainly supports the main body of the machine. When the smoke cakes are loose, they fall out from the center of the base. The base is connected to the loose box by bolts.

[0084] Machine control method for loose tobacco leaves

[0085] 1. Equipped with "auto", "manual", "forward" and "reverse" buttons

[0086] Automatic - can be connected online to make the single-axis tobacco cake loosening machine run or stop together with the hemp fiber rejecting machine:

[0087] Manual---use the single-axis tobacco cake loosening machine alone;

[0088] Forward rotation: Make the knife disc of the single-axis tobacco cake loosening machine rotate towards the direction of the fixed knife;

[0089] Reverse---make the knife disc of the single-axis tobacco cake loosening machine rotate in the opposite direction of the fixed knife.

[0090] 2. There is a "stuck car" reversal program

[0091] "Stuck"—When loosening cigarette cakes, a single-axis cigarette loosening machine may encounter oversized cigarette cakes, causing them to jam. This can cause the motor current to overshoot, causing the machine to shut down. Therefore, when the motor current is equal to or greater than the rated current, the motor will stall for 30 seconds, then reverse for 60 seconds before returning to forward rotation. This repeated process of squeezing and crushing oversized cigarette cakes will loosen them.

[0092] After being removed by the hemp fiber remover, the tobacco leaves fall into the feed hopper of the single-axis tobacco loosening machine. The guide plate in the feed hopper guides the tobacco leaves flatly into the loosening machine. A motor reducer drives the cutter disc and eccentric bushing, which rotates the disc and brings the tobacco leaves into the working side between the disc and the curved fence. The disc and fixed blades cut and loosen larger tobacco leaves into smaller pieces. These smaller pieces fall below the disc and are separated into loose leaves by the disc and curved fence. Simultaneously, a tobacco scraper removes the leaves from between the disc and the eccentric bushing. The rotating disc and eccentric bushing then push the loosened tobacco leaves out of the gap between the curved fences, where they finally fall out of the base outlet.

[0093] The present invention is installed at the tobacco cake rejection port of the hemp fiber rejection machine, which can directly loosen the rejected tobacco cakes, avoiding the process of manually tearing the tobacco sheets off the tobacco cakes one by one, thereby greatly improving production efficiency; the rejected tobacco cakes are automatically processed in a timely manner and added to the same batch of products in a timely manner, thereby ensuring the integrity and uniformity of the product formula; after the tobacco cakes are processed according to uniform specifications and standards, the hidden danger of the next process causing equipment shutdown after the manual processing of the tobacco cakes is eliminated, thereby ensuring the stability of product quality.

[0094] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for loosening tobacco leaves into cakes, characterized in that: include: A loosening box, which is used to loosen the tobacco cakes into loose tobacco leaves; A feed hopper, which is provided on the loose box and is used to guide the tobacco cakes into the loose box; The loose box includes: A curved railing frame, wherein a curved mounting cavity is provided in the curved railing frame; A fixed knife assembly, the fixed knife assembly being arranged on the inner side wall of the arc-shaped mounting cavity; A cutterhead assembly, the cutterhead assembly being rotatably disposed within the arc-shaped railing frame; The cutter disc assembly and the fixed knife assembly cooperate with each other to cut and peel the tobacco cakes into small pieces; The cutter head assembly and the arc-shaped railing frame cooperate with each other to peel small pieces of tobacco cakes into loose tobacco leaves; The arc-shaped railing frame comprises: A frame, wherein the frame is provided with upper and lower openings; A plurality of curved railings are arranged in the frame at equal intervals; the curved openings of the curved railings face upward; the curved railing frame further comprises a positioning mounting frame, the positioning mounting frame is provided with positioning grooves for mounting the curved railings at equal intervals, and the curved railings are mounted on the frame through the positioning grooves; The arc-shaped railing includes a central arc section and a square section and a threaded section sequentially arranged on both sides of the arc section. A square hole is provided on the positioning mounting frame opposite to the positioning groove. The frame is provided with a through hole at a position opposite to the square hole. The threaded section of the arc-shaped railing passes through the through hole, and the square section is arranged in the square hole to realize the installation of the arc-shaped railing. The cutterhead assembly includes a spline shaft, on which a plurality of cutterheads and a plurality of eccentric bushings are mounted, wherein adjacent cutterheads are staggered, and eccentric bushings are mounted between adjacent cutterheads, wherein the eccentric directions of adjacent eccentric bushings are consistent; The center of the cutter disc has a circular hole with a spline groove, and the edge of the cutter disc is a plurality of stepped arcs with different radii; The loosening box also includes a scraper assembly, which always keeps in contact with the eccentric bushing. The minimum spacing between the eccentric bushing and the curved railing frame is 2 mm. When the loosening equipment is running, the gap between the eccentric bushing and the curved railing frame changes, which can scrape off the tobacco stuck between the eccentric bushing and the curved railing frame and prevent the tobacco leaves from hanging on the curved railing.

2. The device for loosening tobacco leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed knife assembly includes a knife seat and a plurality of fixed knives mounted on the knife seat, and the plurality of fixed knives are arranged at equal intervals.

3. The device for loosening tobacco leaves according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed knife adopts a double-edged structure.

4. The device for loosening tobacco leaves according to claim 3, characterized in that: The edge of the cutter disc is provided with three stepped circular arcs with different radii, and the three stepped circular arcs with different radii are arranged at equal intervals.

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