A device and method for large-scale accurate prevention and control of forest fires

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device and method for large-scale and accurate prevention and control of forest fires, including a planning module for planned burning of forests, a UAV burning system for executing planned burning of forests, a UAV control module, and a wireless data transmission module. The planning module generates a burning plan according to the actual situation of the forest. The UAV burning system includes a UAV, a burner, and a fuel supply mechanism. The UAV control module remotely controls the UAV and installs the burning plan to burn the forest. During the burning operation, a number of fire isolation zones are generated in the forest. The present invention can carry out large-scale and accurate fire prevention and control of forests, and can efficiently carry out large-scale and accurate planned burning of forests, thereby accurately constructing a fire isolation zone that meets the actual situation of the forest and minimizing the risk of fire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a device and method for large-scale and precise prevention and control of forest fires, belonging to the technical field of forestry fire prevention and extinguishing. Background Art

[0002] Planned burning, also known as planned burning, is a fire technology that uses low-intensity fires in a planned manner under human control to burn combustibles or other vegetation under the forest and at the edge of the forest. Effective planned burning is a scientific means to reduce the load of combustibles, lower the forest fire risk level, stop the spread of forest fires, and prevent forest fires.

[0003] Planned burning technology is based on the theory of forest fire ecology and phenology. From an ecological perspective, fire is an important ecological factor in forest ecosystems. Whether fire is beneficial or harmful to the ecosystem depends mainly on the duration and intensity of the fire.

[0004] Generally speaking, low-intensity fires and forest fires of a certain period can promote the flow of materials and energy in forest ecosystems, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the ecosystem; high-intensity and overly frequent forest fires will destroy the stability of forest ecosystems.

[0005] Planned burning selects the best time to burn and uses low-intensity fire to remove most of the dead branches, fallen leaves, etc. accumulated in the forest, thereby reducing the forest fire risk level and obtaining a variety of ecological and economic benefits, thus achieving the goal of turning "fire damage" into "fire benefit".

[0006] From the perspective of phenology, when plants are in dormant buds, the soil is frozen, and there is varying degrees of snow on the ground, we can use the time and position differences of phenology to select the best time for burning, choose appropriate forest stands and burning methods, etc., and limit the spread of fire to a specified range of dry combustible materials, so as to achieve the goal of reducing forest fire risks.

[0007] At present, planned burning of forests is usually carried out through manual exploration, followed by small-scale burning operations. Since the burning is carried out at close range, the entire planned burning process is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also high-risk. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for large-scale and accurate prevention and control of forest fires. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0009] A device for large-scale and precise prevention and control of forest fires, comprising a planning module for planned burning of forests, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) burning system for executing planned burning of forests, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) control module, and a wireless data transmission module. The planning module generates a burning plan according to the actual situation of the forest. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) burning system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), a burner, and a fuel supply mechanism for supplying fuel to the burner. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is remotely controlled by the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) control module and the burning plan is installed to perform forest burning operations. During the burning operation, several fire isolation zones are generated in the forest. A camera is arranged at the bottom of the UAV, and images or videos taken by the camera are transmitted via the wireless data transmission module.

[0010] Further optimization of the above technical solution, the lower part of the UAV is equipped with a landing gear, the burner is provided with an atomizing nozzle and a wireless remote control igniter, the fuel supply mechanism includes an oil storage tank, an oil pump, a metal armored hose, a solenoid valve, and a high-frequency flame arrester, the lower end of the high-frequency flame arrester is connected to the oil inlet end of the burner, the upper end of the high-frequency flame arrester is connected to one end of the solenoid valve, the other end of the solenoid valve is connected to the lower end of the metal armored hose, the upper end of the metal armored hose is connected to the output end of the oil pump, and the input end of the oil pump is connected to the inner cavity of the oil storage tank.

[0011] A further optimization of the above technical solution is that an electric lifting mechanism is also installed at the landing gear, and the electric lifting mechanism includes a screw, a driver for driving the screw to lift and lower, and a base plate installed at the lower end of the screw, the driver is installed at the bottom of the landing gear, and the base plate is arranged below the landing gear.

[0012] Further optimization of the above technical solution, the outer sleeve of the burner is provided with a water tank for dissipating heat from the burner, and a tank cover is provided at the notch of the water tank, and the tank cover is fixedly connected to the notch of the water tank; a plurality of exhaust pipes are installed at the tank cover, and the lower ends of the exhaust pipes are connected to the inner cavity of the water tank, and the upper ends of the exhaust pipes are aligned with the outer periphery of the high-frequency flame arrester; a water tank is also installed at the lower part of the drone, and two metal armored hoses are installed between the water tank and the water tank, and a water valve is installed at the two metal armored hoses; the ratio of the amount of water in the water tank to the volume in the water tank is x, 0.2≤x≤0.5.

[0013] Further optimization of the above technical solution, the high-frequency flame arrester includes two flame arrester elements arranged in an axisymmetric manner, the flame arrester element includes a first vertical tube, a tapered tube, a second vertical tube, a nut sleeved on the outside of the second vertical tube, a sealing ring sleeved on the outside of the second vertical tube, and a fire arrester core filled in the second vertical tube, the end of the first vertical tube is provided with a flange portion, the head end of the first vertical tube is connected to the small end of the tapered tube, the large end of the tapered tube is provided with a circular tubular extension tube, the extension tube is threadedly connected and connected to the head end of the second vertical tube, the nut is threadedly connected to the second vertical tube, and the sealing ring is arranged between the nut and the extension tube; a plurality of limit blocks for limiting the fire arrester core are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second vertical tube, and the fire arrester core is located between the limit blocks and the tapered tube;

[0014] A cylindrical coil spring is arranged between the two second vertical tubes, and the end of the cylindrical coil spring is fixedly connected to the tail end of the second vertical tube; a plurality of steel wire ropes are also arranged between the two second vertical tubes, and the steel wire ropes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the limit block, and the limit block is provided with a first through hole for the steel wire rope to pass through, and the end of the steel wire rope is integrally connected with a steel wire rope joint after passing through the first through hole, and the steel wire rope joint is arranged on the inner side of the limit block;

[0015] An active cavity is arranged between the two fire-blocking cores, and a bag cover which completely wraps the active cavity is also arranged on the outside of the two second vertical pipes, and the bag cover is arranged on the outside of the cylindrical coil spring, and the end of the bag cover is sealed and connected to the second vertical pipe through a flange; a beryllium bronze sheet is arranged in the active cavity, and the beryllium bronze sheet is inclined along the diagonal of the active cavity, and a plurality of second through holes are arranged on the surface of the beryllium bronze sheet.

[0016] Further optimization of the above technical solution, the fire-blocking core includes a copper plate, two metal mesh layers, and a disturbance layer located between the two metal mesh layers, the metal mesh layer is composed of a plurality of metal meshes, the disturbance layer and the two metal mesh layers are both located on one side of the copper plate, and a plurality of third through holes are provided on the surface of the copper plate; the disturbance layer includes a copper ring and a spiral spiral sheet arranged in the middle position inside the copper ring, the thickness of the spiral sheet is less than the thickness of the copper ring, and one side of the spiral sheet is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the copper ring;

[0017] The aperture of the second through hole is equal to the aperture of the third through hole, and the end of the beryllium bronze sheet is pressed against the copper plate;

[0018] When the two fire-blocking cores are coaxial, the third through holes on the surfaces of the two copper plates are also coaxially arranged.

[0019] A further optimization of the above technical solution is that three limit blocks are provided and three steel ropes are provided.

[0020] A further optimization of the above technical solution is that the bag cover includes a carbon fiber cloth, a stainless steel foil, and a high temperature resistant adhesive layer for connecting the carbon fiber cloth and the stainless steel foil, the surface where the stainless steel foil is located is the inner side of the bag cover, and the surface where the carbon fiber cloth is located is the outer side of the bag cover.

[0021] Further optimization of the above technical solution, the high temperature resistant adhesive layer is made of polyimide adhesive, phosphate adhesive or toughened phosphate adhesive;

[0022] The method for preparing the toughened phosphate adhesive comprises the following steps:

[0023] Step S1, mixing and stirring 150 parts by mass of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and 180-200 parts by mass of butanone to prepare a phosphate rubber prepolymer;

[0024] Step S2, ultrasonically treating 1 part by mass of β-type nickel sulfide and 550-600 parts by mass of methanol at a frequency of 25 kHz for 60-80 minutes to obtain a first material; mixing 55 parts by mass of dimethylimidazole, 25 parts by mass of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, and 550-600 parts by mass of methanol for 20-30 minutes to obtain a second material; mixing the first material and the second material for 36-48 hours, after the stirring is completed, washing the obtained solid with methanol and centrifuging it for at least 3 times, drying it at 105° C. for 10 hours, and ball-milling it to a powder with a particle size less than or equal to 50 μm, thereby obtaining a nickel sulfide-metal organic framework support;

[0025] Step S3, 50 parts by mass of nickel sulfide-metal organic framework support, 90 parts by mass of aluminum oxide with a particle size less than or equal to 50 μm, and 13 parts by mass of iron oxide with a particle size less than or equal to 50 μm are ball-milled and dispersed for 20 to 30 minutes, and then put into an oven, heat-treated at a temperature of 500 to 520° C. for 2 hours under the protection of a nitrogen atmosphere, and then ball-milled again after cooling into a powder with a particle size less than or equal to 50 μm to obtain a curing agent;

[0026] Step S4, mixing 100 parts by mass of phosphate adhesive prepolymer and 110-120 parts by mass of curing agent and stirring for 30 minutes to obtain a toughened phosphate adhesive;

[0027] When the toughened phosphate adhesive is cured, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 125°C and kept at this temperature for 125 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature.

[0028] Further optimization of the above technical solution, a method for large-scale and accurate prevention and control of forest fires, comprising the following steps:

[0029] Step P1: Use a drone to cruise and photograph the forest to obtain aerial photography materials; the planning module organizes, calculates, plans and designs the aerial photography materials to generate a burning plan;

[0030] Step P2, fill the oil tank with gasoline, fill the water tank with water, open the water valve, and close the water valve after the water level in the water tank reaches the set range;

[0031] Step P3: The drone flies to the designated area according to the burning plan, starts the oil pump, opens the solenoid valve, and ignites the mist gasoline sprayed from the atomizing nozzle in the burner through the wireless remote control igniter. The flame sprayed from the burner burns the forest, and several fire isolation zones are generated in the forest during the burning process.

[0032] During the burning operation, the drone moves forward intermittently. The drone flies in a manner of first accelerating and then decelerating in the time period t1. When the drone decelerates to a hovering state, the hovering state lasts for t2, where t3=t1+t2. The total time required for the drone to perform the burning operation is t4, where t4=nt3, and n is an integer greater than 1; wherein z=t1 / t2, 1.5≤z≤5;

[0033] Step P4: After the burning operation is completed, turn off the oil pump and the solenoid valve. When the burner no longer sprays flames, the drone flies back to the designated position and the process ends.

[0034] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0035] The present invention can carry out large-scale and precise fire prevention and control of forests. Through drones, burners, fuel supply mechanisms, etc., it can efficiently carry out large-scale and precise planned burning of forests, thereby accurately constructing fire isolation zones that conform to the actual conditions of the forests, and gradually improving from high-risk, long-distance fire prevention and control methods to low-risk, short-distance, remotely controlled spot burning, thereby ensuring the comprehensiveness, effectiveness and accuracy of large-scale planned burning, and minimizing the risk of fire. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for large-scale and precise prevention and control of forest fires according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-frequency flame arrester of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the high-frequency flame arrester of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the high-frequency flame arrester of the present invention when the bag cover is not installed;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fire-blocking core of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disturbance layer of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the bag cover of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 It is a curve chart showing the relationship between the forward speed of the UAV when the UAV moves forward intermittently and the total time required for the UAV to perform the burning operation. Implementation

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Example

[0045] The large-scale and precise forest fire prevention and control device includes a planning module for planned forest burning, a drone burning system for executing planned forest burning, a drone control module, and a wireless data transmission module. The planning module generates a burning plan according to the actual situation of the forest; Figure 1 As shown, the UAV burning system includes a UAV 10, a burner 21 and a fuel supply mechanism for supplying fuel to the burner 21. The UAV 10 is remotely controlled by a UAV control module and a burning plan is installed to burn the forest. During the burning operation, several fire isolation zones are generated in the forest. A camera 12 is provided at the bottom of the UAV 10, and the images or videos taken by the camera 12 are transmitted through a wireless data transmission module.

[0046] A firebreak is a firebreak that prevents forest fires from spreading to each other.

[0047] The present invention uses drones to ignite and carry out planned burning, which is particularly suitable for large-scale planned burning in forests and can accurately prevent and control the spread of forest fires.

[0048] When the drone 10 is empty, it cruises and photographs the forest through the camera 12 to obtain aerial photography materials; the planning module organizes, calculates, plans and designs the aerial photography materials to generate a burning plan "tailor-made" for the forest. Example

[0049] Based on Example 1, Figure 1As shown, a landing gear 11 is installed at the lower part of the UAV 10, the burner 21 is provided with an atomizing nozzle and a wireless remote control igniter, and the fuel supply mechanism includes an oil storage tank 24, an oil pump 23, a metal armored hose 22, a solenoid valve 25, and a high-frequency flame arrester 30. The lower end of the high-frequency flame arrester 30 is connected to the oil inlet end of the burner 21, the upper end of the high-frequency flame arrester 30 is connected to one end of the solenoid valve 25, the other end of the solenoid valve 25 is connected to the lower end of the metal armored hose 22, the upper end of the metal armored hose 22 is connected to the output end of the oil pump 23, and the input end of the oil pump 23 is connected to the inner cavity of the oil storage tank 24.

[0050] When the UAV 10 hovers at a predetermined position, the oil pump 23 is started, the solenoid valve 25 is opened, and the fuel (such as gasoline) in the oil tank 24 flows along the metal armored hose 22 through the solenoid valve 25 and the high-frequency flame arrester 30 into the burner 21. The mist gasoline sprayed from the atomizing nozzle in the burner 21 is ignited by the wireless remote control igniter, and the flame sprayed from the burner 21 burns the forest.

[0051] The metal armored hose 22 has better mechanical properties such as tensile strength than ordinary hoses, and also has certain flexibility and can be bent; at the same time, it has strong fire resistance.

[0052] The high-frequency flame arrester 30 is set up. On the one hand, it plays the role of an ordinary flame arrester. It is a safety device used to prevent the spread of flames generated by the combustion of gasoline volatiles, and a device to prevent the spread of flames (deflagration or detonation). If the gasoline volatiles are ignited, the gas flame will spread to the entire pipe network (metal armored hose 22). In the present invention, after the solenoid valve 25 is closed, the gasoline remaining in the pipeline below the solenoid valve 25 will continue to flow down and continue to burn under the action of gravity. As the remaining gasoline is continuously burned and consumed, a part of the air will flow back into the pipeline, causing the remaining gasoline to easily cause secondary deflagration and flashback. In the present invention, the number of flashbacks is relatively large, and the deflagration power caused by flashback tends to increase first and then decrease. Usually, within 5 minutes, the number of flashbacks exceeds 100 times; therefore, under the same volume, ordinary flame arresters cannot meet the use requirements of the present invention. The specially made high-frequency flame arrester 30 of the present invention not only has the flame arresting function of the common flame arrester, but also can withstand the high-frequency flashback impact in a short time, thereby preventing the flashback from damaging the electromagnetic valve 25, the oil pump 23 and other equipment. Example

[0053] Based on Example 2, Figure 1As shown, an electric lifting mechanism is also installed at the landing gear 11, and the electric lifting mechanism includes a screw 61, a driver 60 for driving the screw 61 to lift and lower, and a base plate 62 installed at the lower end of the screw 61. The driver 60 is installed at the bottom of the landing gear 11, and the base plate 62 is arranged below the landing gear 11.

[0054] During the take-off or return stage of the UAV 10, in order to ensure that the burner 21, the solenoid valve 25, the high-frequency flame arrester 30, etc. are not damaged by the ground, the bottom plate 62 is raised and lowered by the screw, so that there is enough space between the bottom of the landing gear 11 and the ground to accommodate the burner 21, the solenoid valve 25, the high-frequency flame arrester 30, etc. Example

[0055] Based on Example 2, Figure 1 As shown, the outer sleeve of the burner 21 is provided with a water tank 50 for dissipating heat from the burner 21, and a tank cover is provided at the notch of the water tank 50, and the tank cover is fixedly connected to the notch of the water tank 50; a plurality of exhaust pipes 52 are installed at the tank cover, and the lower ends of the exhaust pipes 52 are connected to the inner cavity of the water tank 50, and the upper ends of the exhaust pipes 52 are aligned with the outer periphery of the high-frequency flame arrester 30; a water tank is also installed at the lower part of the drone 10, and a metal armored hose 53 is installed between the water tank and the water tank 50, and a water valve is installed at the metal armored hose 53; the ratio of the amount of water in the water tank 50 to the volume in the water tank 50 is x, 0.2≤x≤0.5.

[0056] First, open the water valve, and water can be supplied to the water tank 50 through the water tank, so as to cool down the burner 21 and prevent the burner 21 from overheating. The water vapor in the water tank 50 evaporates and is discharged from the upper end of the exhaust pipe 52 and sprayed onto the outer wall of the high-frequency flame arrester 30, so as to cool down the high-frequency flame arrester 30 to a certain extent. Example

[0057] Based on Example 4, Figures 2~4As shown, the high-frequency flame arrester 30 includes two flame arrester elements 31 arranged in an axisymmetric manner, the flame arrester element 31 includes a first vertical pipe 311, a cone pipe 313, a second vertical pipe 316, a nut 315 sleeved on the outside of the second vertical pipe 316, a sealing ring 314 sleeved on the outside of the second vertical pipe 316, and a flame arrester core 33 filled in the second vertical pipe 316, the end of the first vertical pipe 311 is provided with a flange portion 312, the head end of the first vertical pipe 311 and the cone pipe 313 are connected to each other. The small end is connected, and a circular tubular extension tube 317 is provided at the large end of the cone tube 313. The extension tube 317 is threadedly connected and connected with the head end of the second vertical tube 316. The nut 315 is threadedly connected with the second vertical tube 316, and the sealing ring 314 is arranged between the nut 315 and the extension tube 317. The inner wall of the second vertical tube 316 is fixedly connected with a plurality of limit blocks 312 for limiting the fire-blocking core 33, and the fire-blocking core 33 is located between the limit blocks 312 and the cone tube 313.

[0058] A cylindrical coil spring 37 is arranged between the two second vertical tubes 316, and the end of the cylindrical coil spring 37 is fixedly connected to the tail end of the second vertical tube 316; a plurality of steel wire ropes 36 are also arranged between the two second vertical tubes 316, and the steel wire ropes 36 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the limit block 312, and the limit block 312 is provided with a first through hole for the steel wire rope 36 to pass through, and the end of the steel wire rope 36 is integrally connected with a steel wire rope connector 35 after passing through the first through hole, and the steel wire rope connector 35 is arranged on the inner side of the limit block 312;

[0059] An active cavity 38 is provided between the two fire-blocking cores 33, and a bag cover 32 completely wrapping the active cavity 38 is also provided on the outside of the two second vertical pipes 316, and the bag cover 32 is provided on the outside of the cylindrical coil spring 37, and the end of the bag cover 32 is sealed and connected to the second vertical pipe 316 through a flange; a beryllium bronze sheet 34 is provided in the active cavity 38, and the beryllium bronze sheet 34 is inclined along the diagonal of the active cavity 38, and a plurality of second through holes are provided on the surface of the beryllium bronze sheet 34.

[0060] In the present invention, the small end of the conical structure refers to the end with the smallest inner diameter or outer diameter, and the large end of the conical structure refers to the end with the largest inner diameter or outer diameter. The end of the wire rope 36 is fixedly connected to the wire rope joint 35 by a lead-filling fixing method.

[0061] The high-frequency flame arrester 30 has the characteristics of a general flame arrester, and the two flame arrester cores 33 are the main components to prevent the spread of flames; currently, the commonly used flame arresters are metal mesh filter elements and corrugated filter elements. The metal mesh filter element is composed of stainless steel or copper mesh with a diameter of 0.23~0.315mm, and is composed of multiple layers of overlapping; the commonly used specifications are 16~22 mesh metal mesh, which is 4~12 layers. The working principle of the flame arrester is mainly based on heat transfer and wall effect.

[0062] The main function of the steel wire rope 36 is to provide a connection rope with sufficient strength between the two flame arrester elements 31 to prevent the bag cover 32 from being torn or broken due to excessive pulling force. Secondly, the two flame arrester elements 31 can rotate relative to each other, so that a certain angle can be formed between the axes of the two, thereby effectively improving the high-frequency flame arrester 30's anti-high-frequency flashback deflagration performance.

[0063] In order to ensure the stability of the connection structure and to ensure sufficient freedom between the two flame arrester elements 31 , three limit blocks 312 are provided and three steel wire ropes 36 are provided.

[0064] By tightening the nut 315 against the sealing ring 314, not only the second vertical pipe 316 and the extension pipe 317 can be locked, but also the sealing performance can be improved. The limit block 312 is used to support and block the installation of the fire arrester core 33. The bag cover 32 ensures the sealing performance between the two flame arrester elements 31, and at the same time, it can also have an active cavity 38 that can be bent and buffered more freely. Example

[0065] Based on Example 5, Figure 5 , 6 As shown, the fire-blocking core 33 includes a copper plate 333, two metal mesh layers 331, and a disturbance layer 332 located between the two metal mesh layers 331, wherein the metal mesh layer 331 is composed of a plurality of metal meshes, and the disturbance layer 332 and the two metal mesh layers 331 are both located on one side of the copper plate 333, and a plurality of third through holes are provided on the surface of the copper plate 333; the disturbance layer 332 includes a copper ring 3321 and a spiral spiral sheet 3322 provided in the middle position inside the copper ring 3321, the thickness of the spiral sheet 3322 is less than the thickness of the copper ring 3321, and one side of the spiral sheet 3322 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the copper ring 3321;

[0066] The aperture of the second through hole is equal to the aperture of the third through hole, and the end of the beryllium bronze sheet 34 is pressed against the copper plate 333;

[0067] When the two fire-blocking cores 33 are coaxial, the third through holes on the surfaces of the two copper plates 333 are also coaxially arranged.

[0068] The second through holes on the surface of the beryllium bronze sheet 34 ensure sufficient fluidity on both sides of the active cavity 38 .

[0069] The two metal mesh layers 331 are the same as the metal mesh filter element of the existing flame arrester, and both use stainless steel mesh with a diameter of 0.23-0.315 mm. Preferably, the metal mesh layer 331 is composed of three layers of metal mesh (stainless steel mesh).

[0070] The most important thing is the setting of the disturbance layer 332. After the electromagnetic valve 25 is closed, the flames are constantly flashed back and the flashes are pulsed with shock and heat changes. This will cause the spiral blade 3322 to expand and contract with heat. The gap inside the spiral blade 3322 will constantly vibrate, thereby "breaking up" the flame and further increasing the difficulty of flashback and deflagration. The thickness of the spiral blade 3322 is less than the thickness of the copper ring 3321, providing space for the vibration of the spiral blade 3322. In addition, compared with the stainless steel mesh, the setting of the spiral blade 3322 will significantly reduce the pressure drop. Example

[0071] Based on Example 6, the method for large-scale and precise prevention and control of forest fires includes the following steps:

[0072] Step P1: The drone 10 cruises and photographs the forest to obtain aerial photography materials; the planning module organizes, calculates, plans and designs the aerial photography materials to generate a burning plan;

[0073] Step P2, the oil storage tank 24 is filled with gasoline, the water tank is filled with water, the water valve is opened, and when the water level in the water tank 50 reaches the set range, the water valve is closed;

[0074] Step P3, the drone 10 flies to the designated area according to the burning plan, starts the oil pump 23, opens the solenoid valve 25, ignites the mist gasoline sprayed by the atomizing nozzle in the burner 21 through the wireless remote control igniter, and the flame sprayed by the burner 21 burns the forest, and a number of fire isolation zones are generated in the forest during the burning operation;

[0075] During the burning operation, the drone 10 moves forward intermittently. The drone 10 flies in a manner of first accelerating and then decelerating in the time period t1. When the drone decelerates to a hovering state, the hovering state lasts for t2, where t3=t1+t2. The total time required for the drone 10 to perform the burning operation is t4, where t4=nt3, and n is an integer greater than 1; wherein z=t1 / t2, 1.5≤z≤5; Figure 8 As shown. Figure 8In the figure, the drone 10 starts to move forward from the hovering state. As the drone 10 starts to accelerate, its forward speed reaches the maximum value V1, and then it starts to "brake" and slow down until it returns to the hovering state; in the acceleration stage, the time is t0, and generally, t2 is 2~3s, which cannot be too short, otherwise the actual operation will be very difficult. If it is too long, it will also affect the forward efficiency and the frequency of swinging; z is preferably 5, t1 is 10~15s; t0 is 7~12s; in this way, while the forward efficiency of the drone 10 is not affected to the greatest extent, it is ensured that the high-frequency flame arrester 30 can maximize its flame retardant effect. If the forward speed of the drone 10 is close to "uniform speed" for a period of time, it is not conducive to the high-frequency flame arrester 30 to exert its flame retardant effect.

[0076] Step P4: After the burning operation is completed, the oil pump 23 and the solenoid valve 25 are turned off. When the burner 21 no longer sprays flames (this process usually lasts for 5 to 7 minutes), the drone 10 flies back to the designated position and the process ends.

[0077] In this embodiment, first, the drone 10 moves forward intermittently, and the water tank 50 filled with water can also act as a counterweight, so that a two-section single pendulum structure is formed between the burner 21 and the high-frequency flame arrester 30. The main pendulum length is the metal armored hose 22, and the other pendulum length is the structure between the uppermost flame arrester element 31 in the high-frequency flame arrester 30 and the burner 21. The metal armored hose 22 drives the burner 21 to swing greatly. Due to the steel wire rope 36 and the bag cover 32, the two flame arrester elements 31 are changed from being coaxially arranged to being arranged at an angle between the axes, and the angle is 0~11°; if the angle is to be increased, the spacing between the two flame arrester elements 31 must be increased, which is not conducive to improving the flame arresting effect (because the active cavity 38 will be too large, causing waste); the larger the angle is within the range of 0~11°, the better and it needs to be constantly changed, which makes the third through holes on the surfaces of the two copper plates 333 change from being coaxially aligned to being misaligned and constantly changing, which can further increase the difficulty of flame tempering and improve the anti-tempering performance.

[0078] Secondly, the drone 10 moves forward intermittently, and the beryllium bronze sheet 34 is continuously squeezed, deformed, and rebounded by the two flame arrester elements 31, and the position of the second through hole on its surface is also constantly changing, thereby further increasing the difficulty of flame tempering and further improving the anti-tempering performance.

[0079] Finally, the cylindrical coil spring 37 is arranged so that when the axial angle between the two flame arrester elements 31 reaches the maximum angle (such as 11°), the side corresponding to the cylindrical coil spring 37 is compressed to the limit, which prevents the two flame arrester elements 31 from being damaged by a hard collision on the one hand, and also provides a part of the driving force for the axial direction of the two flame arrester elements 31 to return to the coaxial arrangement on the other hand; at the same time, it also improves the stability of the connection between the two flame arrester elements 31.

[0080] The water tank 50 needs to maintain a sufficient amount of water. If the amount of water is too little, it cannot play the advantage of the counterweight; if the amount of water is too much, when the water tank 50 swings, the water in the water tank 50 cannot form a high-frequency irregular impact on the water tank 50, which makes the rotation between the two flame arrester elements 31 more regular. Only when it reaches an irregular and more chaotic state can it be more suitable for the application scenario of the present invention, thereby further improving the anti-backfire performance. The amount of water in the water tank 50 can be estimated by the use time, and it does not need to be particularly accurate, as long as it is within the use range. Among them, the ratio of the amount of water in the water tank 50 to the volume of the water tank 50 is x, 0.2≤x≤0.5; preferably 0.3≤x≤0.4.

[0081] The high-frequency flame arrester 30 of the present invention adopts the structure and method of this embodiment, that is, when 0.3≤x≤0.4, the flame arrester core 33 does not need to be replaced or cleaned when the cumulative burning operation time exceeds 2000 hours.

[0082] As a comparison group, 0.9≤x≤1, which is equivalent to a state in which the water tank 50 is nearly fully loaded, when the corresponding high-frequency flame arrester is in use, the accumulated burning operation time exceeds 1300 hours, and the flame arrester core 33 needs to be replaced and cleaned.

[0083] 《Flame arrester performance test》

[0084] The implementation standards are set in accordance with GB13347-92 "Flame-blocking performance and test methods of flame arresters for petroleum gas pipelines" and SH / T3413-2019 "Selection, Inspection and Acceptance of Flame Arresters for Petrochemical Petroleum Gas Pipelines".

[0085] 1. Pressure test: Use 1MPa water pressure to maintain pressure for more than 15s, and it is qualified if there is no leakage;

[0086] 2. Fire-blocking performance test: Use open flame to conduct continuous tests for at least thirteen times, and it is qualified only if it can successfully block the fire (current standard); the flame arrester should be able to withstand the burning test for more than 1 hour, and it is qualified if there is no tempering during this period.

[0087] 3. Explosion-proof test: Use a mixture of propane and air to carry out an explosion-proof test. The product is qualified only if it can successfully prevent fire.

[0088] Section 6.2 of SH / T3413-2019 "Selection, Inspection and Acceptance of Flame Arresters for Petrochemical Petroleum Gas Pipelines" clearly gives the selection requirements for flame arresters. The pressure drop of the flame arrester under normal working conditions should not be greater than 10kPa; the fire resistance performance requirements of the flame arrester for petroleum storage tanks, the pressure drop of the flame arrester under normal working conditions should not be greater than 200Pa. The application scenario of the present invention is special. If the pressure drop is too large, the ignition system will not be able to operate normally. After many tests, the present invention uses flame arresters in the combustion pipeline of gasoline, and the pressure drop under normal working conditions should not be greater than 1000Pa.

[0089] The nominal diameter of the high-frequency flame arrester 30 of the present invention is DN50; dynamic test and static test are carried out respectively, wherein the static test is carried out in accordance with the "Flame Arrester Performance Test"; during the dynamic test, the flame arrester element 31 located below is connected to the combustion source, and the flame arrester element 31 located below is knocked with a pneumatic hammer, and the knocking frequency is 5s each time, and on this basis, the test is carried out in accordance with the "Flame Arrester Performance Test". It is found that: during the static test, the high-frequency flame arrester 30 of the present invention can successfully block fire in the flame resistance performance test with 76 continuous tests with open flames, and cannot be tested 77 times continuously; it can also pass the explosion resistance test, and the pressure drop under normal working conditions is 150~200Pa. During the dynamic test, more than 130 continuous tests (up to 136 times) can be carried out with open flames, and all can be successfully blocked; it can also pass the explosion resistance test, and the pressure drop is 350~500Pa.

[0090] It can be seen from the comparison of dynamic test and static test that the high-frequency flame arrester 30 of the present invention can further improve the flame retardant performance by swinging the two flame arrester elements 31 at a certain frequency during actual use. Although this will cause a partial increase in pressure drop, it does not affect the normal use of the present invention.

[0091] As a supplement to the prior art: In the present invention, after the solenoid valve 25 is closed, the number of flashbacks usually exceeds 100 times within 5 minutes; in addition, if the pressure drop is too large, the flame ejected from the burner 21 will be unstable due to the large flow resistance.

[0092] As a comparison group, the DN50 flame arrester of Guangzhou Yueyue Valve Manufacturing Co., Ltd. was selected. It uses 12 layers of 22-mesh stainless steel mesh as the flame arrester filter element. It can successfully block fire for 14 consecutive tests with open flames (it can only block fire 14 times continuously, which meets the current standards). The pressure drop under normal working conditions is 500~600Pa. If you want to achieve 100 consecutive fire arrests, through the manufacturer's customized test, you need to use 158 layers of 22-mesh stainless steel mesh as the flame arrester filter element. Not only does the volume increase by more than 10 times, but the pressure drop reaches an astonishing 22kPa or more, which is completely unusable.

[0093] As a comparison group, if the disturbance layer 332 is replaced with a metal mesh layer 331 of the same thickness, in the final static test, only 53 consecutive tests with an open flame can be successfully carried out to block the fire, and 54 consecutive tests cannot be carried out.

[0094] As a control group, if the beryllium bronze sheet 34 is removed, in the final static test, only 65 consecutive tests with an open flame can be successfully blocked, and 66 consecutive tests cannot be conducted. However, in the final dynamic test, only 98 consecutive tests with an open flame can be successfully blocked, and 99 consecutive tests cannot be conducted. Example

[0095] Based on Example 5, Figure 7 As shown, the bag cover 32 includes a carbon fiber cloth 323, a stainless steel foil 321, and a high temperature resistant adhesive layer 322 for connecting the carbon fiber cloth 323 and the stainless steel foil 321. The surface where the stainless steel foil 321 is located is the inner side of the bag cover 32, and the surface where the carbon fiber cloth 323 is located is the outer side of the bag cover 32.

[0096] First, if conventional aluminum foil and glass fiber cloth are used as seals, they are not very suitable for the present invention, because the flame temperature of gasoline at normal temperature and pressure is 800-1000°C. Even with factors such as supercharging and backfire, the maximum operating temperature of the high-frequency flame arrester 30 reaches above 500°C, which makes it impossible for aluminum foil and glass fiber cloth to be used in the high-frequency flame arrester 30 of the present invention for a long time.

[0097] Therefore, a carbon fiber cloth 323 with stronger thermal conductivity and a stainless steel foil 321 with better heat resistance are used, and the two are bonded by a high temperature resistant adhesive layer 322. In this way, the fire resistance of the bag cover 32 mainly depends on the "short board" high temperature resistant adhesive layer 322. Example

[0098] Based on Example 8, the high temperature resistant adhesive layer 322 is made of polyimide adhesive, phosphate adhesive or toughened phosphate adhesive.

[0099] If the high temperature resistant adhesive layer 322 is made of polyimide glue, such as the PI type polyimide glue of Shenzhen Xiangxin Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., it has a high temperature resistance of more than 400°C and a long-term use temperature range of -200~300°C; it can also be barely used in the present invention, but when the cumulative burning operation time reaches 600h, the bag cover 32 needs to be replaced, otherwise leakage and explosion will easily occur.

[0100] If the high temperature resistant adhesive layer 322 uses conventional phosphate adhesives, such as the LP type phosphate adhesives of Jinan Runyu Chemical Co., Ltd., although it has excellent high temperature resistance, which can reach 1300~1600℃, and the bonding strength is also very high; however, the toughness after curing is poor and the shear strength is low, resulting in the bag cover 32 to break after several expansions and contractions, resulting in a significant decrease in the sealing performance of the bag cover 32. In other words, if the high temperature resistant adhesive layer 322 uses conventional phosphate adhesives, it can also be barely used in the present invention, but when the cumulative burning operation time reaches 350h, the bag cover 32 needs to be replaced, otherwise it is easy to leak and deflagrate.

[0101] Specifically, conventional phosphate adhesives can be toughened and modified as follows:

[0102] Step S1, mixing and stirring 150 kg of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and 180 kg of butanone to prepare a phosphate rubber prepolymer;

[0103] Step S2, ultrasonically treating 1 kg of β-type nickel sulfide and 560 kg of methanol at a frequency of 25 kHz for 60 minutes to obtain a first material; mixing 55 kg of dimethylimidazole, 25 kg of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, and 560 kg of methanol for 30 minutes to obtain a second material; mixing the first material and the second material for 48 hours, after the stirring is completed, washing the obtained solid with methanol and centrifuging it 3 times, drying it at 105° C. for 10 hours, and ball-milling it to a powder with a particle size less than or equal to 50 μm, thereby obtaining a nickel sulfide-metal organic framework support;

[0104] Step S3, 50 kg of nickel sulfide-metal organic framework support, 90 kg of aluminum oxide with a particle size less than or equal to 50 μm, and 13 kg of iron oxide with a particle size less than or equal to 50 μm are ball-milled and dispersed for 20 minutes, and then sent into a baking oven, heat-treated at a temperature of 500-510° C. for 2 hours under the protection of a nitrogen atmosphere, and then ball-milled again after cooling into a powder with a particle size less than or equal to 50 μm to obtain a curing agent;

[0105] Step S4, 100 kg of phosphate adhesive prepolymer and 115 kg of curing agent are mixed and stirred for 30 minutes to obtain a toughened phosphate adhesive.

[0106] When the toughened phosphate adhesive is cured, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 125°C and kept at this temperature for 125 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature.

[0107] The present invention loads nickel sulfide in a metal organic framework to prepare a nickel sulfide-metal organic framework loaded material, which effectively improves its activity and makes it have stronger chemical stability and thermal stability.

[0108] The relevant performance indicators of the toughened phosphate adhesive are:

[0109] Room temperature tensile shear strength ≥8.7MPa, 500℃ tensile shear strength ≥8.3MPa, 800℃ tensile shear strength ≥6.9MPa; heat resistance: 800℃ thermal weight loss ≤9% (TG method). Good water resistance, after 30 days of immersion in salt water (10% sodium chloride by mass), the tensile shear strength decreases by no more than 1%, and remains basically unchanged.

[0110] For comparison, the room temperature tensile shear strength of LP-type phosphate adhesive (Jinan Runyu Chemical Co., Ltd.) is ≤5.9MPa, the tensile shear strength at 500℃ is ≤5.7MPa, and the tensile shear strength at 800℃ is ≤3.6MPa; heat resistance: thermal weight loss at 800℃ is ≤3.7% (TG method). It has good water resistance, and after 30 days of immersion in salt water (10% sodium chloride by mass), the tensile shear strength decreases by no more than 1%, and remains basically unchanged.

[0111] This shows that the toughened phosphate adhesive has better toughness than ordinary phosphate adhesives.

[0112] Shear strength is divided into tensile shear (tensile shear strength), compression shear, torsion shear and bending shear strength according to the force mode during the test. Adhesives with different properties have different shear strengths. In general, tough adhesives have greater shear strength than flexible adhesives. It is known in the art that shear strength decreases with increasing temperature.

[0113] As a control, nickel sulfide was replaced with nickel oxide, and the final phosphate adhesive was sample 2. The toughened phosphate adhesive was sample 1. The room temperature shear strength of sample 2 was 6.3 MPa, the 500°C shear strength was 5.5 MPa, and the 800°C shear strength was 4.1 MPa.

[0114] As a control, the original step S2 was modified as follows: 1 kg of β-type nickel sulfide and 560 kg of methanol were ultrasonically treated at a frequency of 25 kHz for 60 min to obtain the first material; 75 kg of metal organic framework (ZIF-8, Shanghai Juna Technology Co., Ltd.) and 560 kg of methanol were mixed and stirred for 30 min to obtain the third material; the first material and the third material were mixed and stirred for 48 h. After the stirring, the obtained solid was washed with methanol and centrifuged 3 times, dried at 105 ° C for 10 h, and ball-milled to a powder with a particle size of less than or equal to 50 μm to obtain the fourth material; the fourth material was used to replace the nickel sulfide-metal organic framework load in the original step S3, and finally the adhesive was obtained, which was marked as sample 3. The room temperature tensile shear strength of sample 3 was 6.6 MPa, the 500 ° C tensile shear strength was 4.7 MPa, and the 800 ° C tensile shear strength was 3.3 MPa; heat resistance: the thermal weight loss at 800 ° C was 13% (TG method). It can be seen from this that if nickel sulfide and metal-organic framework are added directly, their thermal stability is very poor.

[0115] As a control, the original step S3 was modified as follows: 50 kg of nickel sulfide-metal organic framework load, 90 kg of aluminum oxide with a particle size less than or equal to 50 μm, and 13 kg of ferric oxide with a particle size less than or equal to 50 μm were ball-milled and dispersed for 20 minutes to obtain the fifth material; the fifth material was used to replace the curing agent in the original step S4, and finally the adhesive was obtained, which was marked as sample 4. Sample 4 has poor water resistance. After 30 days of soaking in salt water (sodium chloride with a mass fraction of 10%), the shear strength decreased by more than 15.9%. It can be seen from this that if the curing agent is not heat-treated in a nitrogen atmosphere, the final curing agent is prone to incomplete curing during curing, resulting in an insufficiently dense structure after curing and poor water resistance. In addition, ferric oxide plays a better activating catalytic role in the adhesive than ferric oxide, which can increase the curing speed.

[0116] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for large-scale and accurate prevention and control of forest fires, characterized by: The invention comprises a planning module for carrying out planned burning of forests, an unmanned aerial vehicle burning system for carrying out planned burning of forests, an unmanned aerial vehicle control module, and a wireless data transmission module. The planning module generates a burning plan according to the actual situation of the forest. The unmanned aerial vehicle burning system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle (10), a burner (21), and a fuel supply mechanism for supplying fuel to the burner (21). The unmanned aerial vehicle (10) is remotely controlled by the unmanned aerial vehicle control module and the burning plan is installed to carry out a burning operation on the forest. During the burning operation, a plurality of fire isolation zones are generated in the forest. A camera (12) is arranged at the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle (10). The image or video captured by the camera (12) is transmitted via the wireless data transmission module. The lower part of the unmanned aerial vehicle (10) is provided with a landing gear (11); the burner (21) is provided with an atomizing nozzle and a wireless remote control igniter; the fuel supply mechanism comprises an oil storage tank (24), an oil pump (23), a metal armored hose (22), an electromagnetic valve (25), and a high-frequency flame arrester (30); the lower end of the high-frequency flame arrester (30) is connected to the oil inlet end of the burner (21); the upper end of the high-frequency flame arrester (30) is connected to one end of the electromagnetic valve (25); the other end of the electromagnetic valve (25) is connected to the lower end of the metal armored hose (22); the upper end of the metal armored hose (22) is connected to the output end of the oil pump (23); and the input end of the oil pump (23) is connected to the inner cavity of the oil storage tank (24); The high-frequency flame arrester (30) comprises two flame arrester elements (31) arranged in an axisymmetric manner, the flame arrester element (31) comprising a first vertical tube (311), a cone tube (313), a second vertical tube (316), a nut (315) sleeved on the outside of the second vertical tube (316), a sealing ring (314) sleeved on the outside of the second vertical tube (316), and a flame arrester core (33) filled in the second vertical tube (316), the end of the first vertical tube (311) is provided with a flange portion (312), the head end of the first vertical tube (311) and the small end of the cone tube (313) are connected to each other. The ends of the cone tube (313) are connected, the large end of the cone tube (313) is provided with a circular extension tube (317), the extension tube (317) is threadedly connected to and communicates with the head end of the second vertical tube (316), the nut (315) is threadedly connected to the second vertical tube (316), and the sealing ring (314) is arranged between the nut (315) and the extension tube (317); the inner wall of the second vertical tube (316) is fixedly connected with a plurality of limit blocks (312) for limiting the fire-blocking core (33), and the fire-blocking core (33) is located between the limit blocks (312) and the cone tube (313); A cylindrical coil spring (37) is arranged between the two second vertical tubes (316), and the end of the cylindrical coil spring (37) is fixedly connected to the tail end of the second vertical tube (316); a plurality of steel wire ropes (36) are also arranged between the two second vertical tubes (316), and the steel wire ropes (36) and the limit blocks (312) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the limit blocks (312) are provided with a first through hole for the steel wire rope (36) to pass through, and the end of the steel wire rope (36) is integrally connected to a steel wire rope connector (35) after passing through the first through hole, and the steel wire rope connector (35) is arranged on the inner side of the limit block (312); An active cavity (38) is provided between the two fire-blocking cores (33); a bag cover (32) is also provided outside the two second vertical pipes (316) to completely cover the active cavity (38); the bag cover (32) is provided outside the cylindrical coil spring (37); the end of the bag cover (32) and the second vertical pipe (316) are sealed and connected via a flange; a beryllium bronze sheet (34) is provided in the active cavity (38); the beryllium bronze sheet (34) is inclined along the diagonal of the active cavity (38); and a plurality of second through holes are provided on the surface of the beryllium bronze sheet (34); The fire-blocking core (33) comprises a copper plate (333), two metal mesh layers (331), and a disturbance layer (332) located between the two metal mesh layers (331); the metal mesh layer (331) is composed of a plurality of metal meshes; the disturbance layer (332) and the two metal mesh layers (331) are both located on one side of the copper plate (333); and a plurality of third through holes are provided on the surface of the copper plate (333); the disturbance layer (332) comprises a copper ring (3321) and a spiral spiral sheet (3322) provided in the middle position inside the copper ring (3321); the thickness of the spiral sheet (3322) is less than the thickness of the copper ring (3321); and one side of the spiral sheet (3322) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the copper ring (3321); The aperture of the second through hole is equal to the aperture of the third through hole, and the end of the beryllium bronze sheet (34) is pressed against the copper plate (333); When the two fire-blocking cores (33) are coaxial, the third through holes on the surfaces of the two copper plates (333) are also coaxially arranged.

2. A device for large-scale and precise prevention and control of forest fires according to claim 1, characterized in that: The landing gear (11) is also equipped with an electric lifting mechanism, the electric lifting mechanism comprising a lead screw (61), a driver (60) for driving the lead screw (61) to move up and down, and a base plate (62) installed at the lower end of the lead screw (61), the driver (60) being installed at the bottom of the landing gear (11), and the base plate (62) being arranged below the landing gear (11).

3. The device for large-scale and precise prevention and control of forest fires according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The burner (21) is provided with a water tank (50) for dissipating heat from the burner (21) on the outside, a tank cover is provided at the notch of the water tank (50), and the tank cover is fixedly connected to the notch of the water tank (50); a plurality of exhaust pipes (52) are installed at the tank cover, the lower ends of the exhaust pipes (52) are communicated with the inner cavity of the water tank (50), and the upper ends of the exhaust pipes (52) are aligned with the outer periphery of the high-frequency flame arrester (30); a water tank is also installed at the bottom of the drone (10), a metal armored hose (53) is installed between the water tank and the water tank (50), and a water valve is installed at the metal armored hose (53); the ratio of the amount of water in the water tank (50) to the volume of the water tank (50) is x, and 0.2≤x≤0.

5.

4. The device for large-scale and precise prevention and control of forest fires according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the limit blocks (312) is three, and the number of the steel wire ropes (36) is three.

5. The device for large-scale and precise prevention and control of forest fires according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bag cover (32) comprises a carbon fiber cloth (323), a stainless steel foil (321), and a high temperature resistant adhesive layer (322) used to connect the carbon fiber cloth (323) and the stainless steel foil (321); the surface where the stainless steel foil (321) is located is the inner side of the bag cover (32), and the surface where the carbon fiber cloth (323) is located is the outer side of the bag cover (32).

6. A device for large-scale accurate prevention and control of forest fires according to claim 5, characterized in that: The high temperature resistant adhesive layer (322) is made of polyimide adhesive, phosphate adhesive or toughened phosphate adhesive; The method for preparing the toughened phosphate adhesive comprises the following steps: Step S1, mixing and stirring 150 parts by mass of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and 180-200 parts by mass of butanone to prepare a phosphate rubber prepolymer; Step S2, ultrasonically treating 1 part by mass of β-type nickel sulfide and 550-600 parts by mass of methanol at a frequency of 25 kHz for 60-80 minutes to obtain a first material; mixing 55 parts by mass of dimethylimidazole, 25 parts by mass of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, and 550-600 parts by mass of methanol for 20-30 minutes to obtain a second material; mixing the first material and the second material for 36-48 hours, after the stirring is completed, washing the obtained solid with methanol and centrifuging it for at least 3 times, drying it at 105° C. for 10 hours, and ball-milling it to a powder with a particle size less than or equal to 50 μm, thereby obtaining a nickel sulfide-metal organic framework support; Step S3, 50 parts by mass of nickel sulfide-metal organic framework support, 90 parts by mass of aluminum oxide with a particle size less than or equal to 50 μm, and 13 parts by mass of iron oxide with a particle size less than or equal to 50 μm are ball-milled and dispersed for 20 to 30 minutes, and then put into an oven, heat-treated at a temperature of 500 to 520° C. for 2 hours under the protection of a nitrogen atmosphere, and then ball-milled again after cooling into a powder with a particle size less than or equal to 50 μm to obtain a curing agent; Step S4, mixing 100 parts by mass of phosphate adhesive prepolymer and 110-120 parts by mass of curing agent and stirring for 30 minutes to obtain a toughened phosphate adhesive; When the toughened phosphate adhesive is cured, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 125°C and kept at this temperature for 125 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature.

7. A method for large-scale and accurate prevention and control of forest fires, characterized in that: A device for large-scale accurate prevention and control of forest fires according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used, comprising the following steps: Step P1: Use a drone (10) to cruise and photograph the forest to obtain aerial photography materials; the planning module organizes, calculates, plans and designs the aerial photography materials to generate a burning plan; Step P2, the oil storage tank (24) is filled with gasoline, the water tank is filled with water, the water valve is opened, and when the water level in the water tank (50) reaches a set range, the water valve is closed; Step P3, the drone (10) flies to the designated area according to the burning plan, starts the oil pump (23), opens the solenoid valve (25), and ignites the mist gasoline sprayed from the atomizing nozzle in the burner (21) through the wireless remote control igniter. The flame sprayed from the burner (21) burns the forest, and a plurality of fire isolation zones are generated in the forest during the burning process; During the burning operation, the drone (10) moves forward intermittently. The drone (10) flies in a manner of first accelerating and then decelerating during a time period t1. When the drone decelerates to a hovering state, the hovering state lasts for a period of time t2, where t3=t1+t2. The total time required for the drone (10) to perform the burning operation is t4, where t4=nt3, and n is an integer greater than 1. In this case, z=t1 / t2, and 1.5≤z≤5. Step P4: After the burning operation is completed, the oil pump (23) and the electromagnetic valve (25) are turned off. When the burner (21) no longer emits flames, the drone (10) flies back to the designated position and the operation ends.

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