Methods and apparatus for predicting oil and gas distribution in tight sandstone based on source rock properties

Abstract

This application discloses a method and apparatus for predicting the distribution of oil and gas in tight sandstone based on the properties of source rocks. According to this application, by describing the burial depth and geothermal gradient distribution of source rocks, the gas and oil generation threshold depths are determined, the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion types of source rocks at different burial depths are described, the contact relationship between source rocks and tight sandstone is analyzed, and the spatial distribution range of oil and gas within tight sandstone is predicted. This is further verified through dynamic single-well testing, effectively addressing the spatial distribution of oil, gas, and water within tight sandstone.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application pertains to the field of oil and gas field development, and more specifically, relates to methods, electronic equipment, media, and apparatus for predicting the distribution of oil and gas in tight sandstones by means of source rock properties. Background Technology

[0002] Conventional sandstone oil and gas reservoirs refer to reservoirs composed of medium- to fine-grained sandstone with a porosity greater than 10% and a permeability greater than 10 mD. The buoyancy of water within the reservoir's micropores and throats outweighs capillary forces, and the density difference of fluids within the reservoir controls their vertical distribution. Specifically, less dense hydrocarbon fluids are distributed at the top of the reservoir, while denser water is located at the bottom and edges. The distribution range of hydrocarbon fluids in conventional sandstone oil and gas reservoirs is controlled by both structural and lithological conditions. Structural factors control the height of oil, gas, and water distribution, while the reservoir structure controls the planar distribution size of oil, gas, and water.

[0003] During the formation of conventional sandstone oil and gas reservoirs, hydrocarbon fluids can migrate over long distances within the reservoir, reaching 100-500 km. This migration is primarily controlled by the buoyancy of water caused by density differences in the fluids. While some formation water within the reservoir pores is displaced during hydrocarbon migration, some mobile water remains. In regional sedimentation, conventional sandstone reservoirs are generally thin vertically and exhibit a discontinuous distribution. Therefore, the distribution pattern of oil and gas in conventional sandstone reservoirs is controlled by geological factors. Through detailed descriptions of reservoir parameters such as structure, reservoir structure, and fluids, the spatial distribution of oil, gas, and water can now be well characterized. Figure 1 The diagram shows the distribution of oil, gas, and water in different trap types.

[0004] Tight sandstone oil and gas reservoirs differ from conventional sandstone oil and gas reservoirs in that the tight sandstone reservoirs consist of siltstone and ultra-fine-grained sandstone, are widely distributed in the plane, exhibit regional continuity, and are thick, but have very low porosity, generally only 2-7%, and extremely low permeability, generally less than 1 mD, with only a few micro Darcytes. The compaction of this type of reservoir originates from the compaction effect of burial depth, as well as the cementation by siliceous, calcareous, and dolomitic materials, resulting in extremely small residual micropore radii within the reservoir, generally around 0.1 μm, which is significantly different from conventional sandstone.

[0005] Understanding and predicting the distribution of oil and gas in tight sandstone is a very important issue. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a method, apparatus, electronic device, and medium for predicting sandstone oil and gas distribution based on the properties of source rocks.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for predicting the distribution of oil and gas in tight sandstones based on the properties of source rocks, including:

[0008] Step S1 yields the burial depth of the source rock and the gas and oil generation threshold depths;

[0009] Step S2, obtain the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion types of source rocks at different burial depths;

[0010] Step S3: Obtain the distribution of tight sandstone and the contact relationship between source rocks and tight sandstone;

[0011] Step S4: Based on the burial depth of the source rock, the gas generation and oil generation threshold depths, the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion types of the source rock at different burial depths, the distribution of the tight sandstone, and the contact relationship between the source rock and the tight sandstone, predict the spatial distribution of oil and gas within the tight sandstone, and verify the predicted spatial distribution of oil and gas within the tight sandstone through dynamic single-well testing.

[0012] Step S5: Based on well logging data, well logging information, and seismic interpretation data, evaluate the effective thickness of reservoirs at various locations in the block, establish a geological model of the effective thickness distribution of reservoirs, and combine the spatial oil and gas distribution in the tight sandstone that has been verified in Step S4 to describe the spatial distribution of oil, gas, and water in the tight sandstone, and determine the distribution characteristics and range of oil, gas, and water.

[0013] In some possible implementations, obtaining the burial depth of the source rock in step S1 specifically includes:

[0014] A comprehensive stratigraphic columnar section was calculated and drawn based on well logging interpretation data and core data.

[0015] The burial depth of the source rock is read from the stratigraphic columnar section.

[0016] In some possible implementations, obtaining the gas and oil generation threshold depths of the source rock in step S1 specifically includes:

[0017] The geothermal gradient is obtained by measuring inside the borehole using a well temperature gauge;

[0018] Based on the geothermal gradient, geological age of the source rock, sedimentation rate, and tectonic erosion, the gas generation and oil generation threshold depths of the source rock are calculated.

[0019] In some possible implementations, the types of hydrocarbons generated and expelled include dry gas, wet gas, condensate gas, crude oil, and the corresponding burial depth.

[0020] In some possible implementations, step S3 specifically includes:

[0021] Based on seismic interpretation data and well logging data, the distribution of tight sandstone and the contact relationship between source rocks and tight sandstone were obtained.

[0022] In some possible implementations, step S4, which verifies the predicted hydrocarbon distribution within the tight sandstone through dynamic single-well testing, specifically includes:

[0023] The oil content, gas content, oil-gas dissolution ratio, and oil-gas phase state of the tight sandstone at the single well were obtained through dynamic testing of a single well.

[0024] From the predicted oil and gas distribution within the tight sandstone, the predicted values ​​of oil content, gas content, oil and gas dissolution ratio, and oil and gas phases of the tight sandstone at this single well are obtained.

[0025] The oil content, gas content, oil-gas solubility ratio, and oil-gas phase state at a single well obtained through dynamic testing will be compared with the predicted values ​​of the oil content, gas content, oil-gas solubility ratio, and oil-gas phase state of the tight sandstone at the same single well.

[0026] If the comparison results are consistent, then the predicted oil and gas distribution within the tight sandstone is verified.

[0027] In some possible implementations, the method further includes:

[0028] If the comparison results are inconsistent, it is determined that the predicted spatial oil and gas distribution in the tight sandstone has failed the verification, and the process returns to step S1, and steps S1 to S4 are executed again until the comparison results are consistent.

[0029] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, which includes:

[0030] Memory, which stores executable instructions;

[0031] A processor that executes the executable instructions in the memory to implement the method for predicting the distribution of oil and gas in tight sandstones by means of source rock properties.

[0032] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for predicting the distribution of oil and gas in tight sandstone based on the properties of source rocks.

[0033] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide an apparatus for predicting the distribution of oil and gas in tight sandstone through the properties of source rocks, comprising:

[0034] The source rock burial depth calculation unit is used to obtain the burial depth of the source rock and the gas and oil generation threshold depths;

[0035] The hydrocarbon generation and expulsion type determination unit is used to obtain the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion types of source rocks at different burial depths;

[0036] The distribution of tight sandstone was determined by identifying the tight sandstone distribution and the contact relationship between the source rock and the tight sandstone.

[0037] The tight sandstone oil and gas distribution determination unit is used to predict the spatial oil and gas distribution within the tight sandstone based on the burial depth of the source rock, the gas generation and oil generation threshold depths, the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion types of the source rock at different burial depths, the distribution of the tight sandstone, and the contact relationship between the source rock and the tight sandstone. The predicted spatial oil and gas distribution within the tight sandstone is then verified through dynamic single-well testing.

[0038] The oil, gas and water distribution characteristic determination unit evaluates the effective thickness of reservoirs at various locations in the block based on well logging data, well logging information, and seismic interpretation data, establishes a geological model of the effective thickness distribution of reservoirs, and describes the spatial distribution of oil, gas and water in the tight sandstone by combining the verified spatial oil and gas distribution within the tight sandstone, and determines the distribution characteristics and range of oil, gas and water.

[0039] According to this application, by describing the burial depth and geothermal gradient distribution of source rocks, the threshold depths for gas generation and oil generation are determined, the types of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion of source rocks at different burial depths are described, the contact relationship between source rocks and tight sandstone is analyzed, the spatial distribution range of oil and gas in tight sandstone is predicted, and further verification is achieved through single-well dynamic testing. This has effectively solved the problem of understanding the spatial distribution of oil, gas and water in tight sandstone.

[0040] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments thereof.

[0042] Figure 1 The diagram shows the distribution of oil, gas, and water in different trap types.

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the migration and distribution patterns of oil and gas in tight sandstone according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a method for predicting the distribution of oil and gas in tight sandstone by means of source rock properties, according to an embodiment of this application, is shown.

[0045] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an oil and gas distribution pattern obtained according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0046] Preferred embodiments of this application will now be described in more detail. While preferred embodiments of this application are described below, it should be understood that this application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0047] The applicant has conducted in-depth research on the hydrocarbon accumulation process in tight sandstone. In this process, the driving force for hydrocarbon migration primarily originates from the pressure difference and diffusion effect between the biomass expansion energy and capillary force of the source rock. The buoyancy effect caused by the density difference between oil, gas, and water is negligible. Within extremely fine microscopic channels, hydrocarbon fluids drive formation water within the pores. Due to the enormous capillary pressure, hydrocarbon migration distances are short, generally less than 100m, and they are typically stored in situ or near the source. During hydrocarbon formation and expulsion, the biomass expansion energy of the source rock creates high pressure, forcing formation water within the pores into the surface of the tight sandstone cement, where it is adsorbed in the form of water molecules, becoming immobile formation water.

[0048] Hydrocarbon fluids within tight sandstone reservoirs are determined by the maturity of adjacent source rocks. As formation depth increases and formation temperature rises, the maturity of source rocks exhibits vertical variations. The planar distribution of hydrocarbons within tight sandstone is determined by the planar contact relationship and relative distance between the source rock and the tight reservoir. Generally, larger migration distances occur perpendicular to the contact surface between the source rock and the tight sandstone strata, or within tight sandstone with better physical properties, involving short-distance migration and diffusion. Longer migration distances occur within dominant sedimentary microfacies. Therefore, areas with higher hydrocarbon saturation generally have higher hydrocarbon saturation closer to the source rock, and vice versa. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the migration and distribution pattern of oil and gas in tight sandstone obtained according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0049] Therefore, the migration, formation mechanism, and distribution pattern of oil and gas in tight sandstone reservoirs, as well as the distribution of oil, gas, and water, are mainly related to the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion maturity of the source rock, the combination and relative distance between the source rock and the tight reservoir, and the magnitude of capillary pressure caused by poor reservoir properties, which are significantly different from those of conventional sandstone oil and gas reservoirs. Thus, the characterization methods for oil and gas distribution in tight sandstone reservoirs differ from those for conventional sandstone oil and gas reservoirs.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a method for predicting the distribution of oil and gas in tight sandstone based on the properties of source rocks, according to an embodiment of this application, is shown. As shown, the method includes steps S1 to S5.

[0052] Step S1 yields the burial depth of the source rock and the gas and oil generation threshold depths.

[0053] In some implementations, a comprehensive stratigraphic column can be calculated and drawn based on well logging interpretation data and core data; then the burial depth of the source rock can be read from the comprehensive stratigraphic column.

[0054] In some implementations, a well temperature gauge can be used to measure the geothermal gradient within the borehole. Then, by combining the geothermal gradient with the geological age, sedimentation rate, and tectonic erosion of the source rock, the gas generation and oil generation threshold depths of the source rock can be calculated. These parameters can be input into an empirical model, which can then be used to calculate the gas generation and oil generation threshold depths of the source rock.

[0055] Step S2 yields the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion types of source rocks at different burial depths.

[0056] The hydrocarbon generation and expulsion types of source rocks can be determined based on well logging and well logging data.

[0057] In some embodiments, the hydrocarbon generation and emission types include dry gas, wet gas, condensate gas, crude oil, and the corresponding burial depth.

[0058] Step S3: Obtain the distribution of tight sandstone and the contact relationship between source rocks and tight sandstone.

[0059] In some implementations, the distribution of tight sandstone and the contact relationship between source rocks and tight sandstone can be obtained based on seismic interpretation data and well logging data.

[0060] Step S4: Based on the burial depth of the source rock, the gas generation and oil generation threshold depths, the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion types of the source rock at different burial depths, the distribution of the tight sandstone, and the contact relationship between the source rock and the tight sandstone, predict the spatial distribution of oil and gas within the tight sandstone, and verify the predicted spatial distribution of oil and gas within the tight sandstone through dynamic single-well testing.

[0061] Hydrocarbon distribution maps can be drawn using the condensate gas ratio (CGR) from statistical flow test reports, which can be used to predict the spatial distribution of oil and gas within tight sandstone.

[0062] In some implementations, the predicted hydrocarbon distribution within the tight sandstone can be dynamically verified through single-well testing, specifically including:

[0063] The oil content, gas content, oil-gas dissolution ratio, and oil-gas phase state of the tight sandstone at the single well were obtained through dynamic testing of a single well.

[0064] From the predicted oil and gas distribution within the tight sandstone, the predicted values ​​of oil content, gas content, oil and gas dissolution ratio, and oil and gas phases of the tight sandstone at this single well are obtained.

[0065] The oil content, gas content, oil-gas dissolution ratio, and oil-gas phase state at a single well obtained dynamically through single-well testing will be compared with the predicted values ​​of oil content, gas content, oil-gas dissolution ratio, and oil-gas phase state of the tight sandstone at that single well.

[0066] If the comparison results are consistent, then the predicted oil and gas distribution within the tight sandstone is verified.

[0067] If the comparison results are inconsistent, it is determined that the predicted spatial oil and gas distribution in the tight sandstone has failed the verification, and the process returns to step S1, and steps S1 to S4 are executed again until the comparison results are consistent.

[0068] Step S5: Based on well logging data, well logging information, and seismic interpretation data, evaluate the effective thickness of reservoirs at various locations in the block, establish a geological model of the effective thickness distribution of reservoirs, and combine the spatial oil and gas distribution in the tight sandstone that has been verified in Step S4 to describe the spatial distribution of oil, gas, and water in the tight sandstone, and determine the distribution characteristics and range of oil, gas, and water.

[0069] According to this application, by describing the burial depth and geothermal gradient distribution of source rocks, the threshold depths for gas generation and oil generation are determined, the types of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion of source rocks at different burial depths are described, the contact relationship between source rocks and tight sandstone is analyzed, the spatial distribution range of oil and gas in tight sandstone is predicted, and further verification is achieved through single-well dynamic testing. This has effectively solved the problem of understanding the spatial distribution of oil, gas and water in tight sandstone.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] This exemplary embodiment illustrates the successful application of the proposed solution in the development of a tight sandstone oil and gas reservoir in the Western California foreland basin of North America. The source rock in this tight sandstone oil and gas reservoir is buried at depths ranging from -1650m to -2550m, a span of 900m. As the source rock depth increases, the hydrocarbon maturity increases. Below -2350m, the source rock maturity is super-mature dry gas; above -2350m, as the depth decreases, the source rock maturity gradually transitions from wet gas to condensate oil. The condensate oil content is closely related to the source rock maturity at different depths. From deeper to shallower, the source rock maturity gradually decreases, and the condensate oil content in the tight sandstone at the corresponding depth continuously increases, from less than 5 bbl / MMscf to over 200 bbl / MMscf at a depth of 1850m, becoming volatile oil. Hydrocarbon maturity is closely related to the burial depth of the source rock. As depth increases, hydrocarbon maturity continuously increases, reflected in a gradually decreasing hydrocarbon-to-gas ratio. This manifests as a hydrocarbon distribution pattern within tight sandstone corresponding to near-source migration, characterized by volatile oil at the top, condensate gas in the middle, and dry gas at the bottom. Figure 4 As shown, the left figure shows the vertical distribution of hydrocarbon fluids determined by well flow data, and the right figure shows the oil, gas and water distribution pattern of tight sandstone oil and gas reservoirs.

[0072] The application of this invention effectively solved the problem of hydrocarbon fluid distribution in a tight sandstone oil and gas reservoir in the Western California Basin of North America. It exhibits a distribution characteristic of lower gas, middle oil, and upper water, which is significantly different from conventional oil and gas reservoirs and provides an important foundation for the development plan.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] The electronic device according to embodiments of this application includes a memory and a processor.

[0075] This memory is used to store non-transitory computer-readable instructions. Specifically, the memory may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may, for example, include random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. The non-volatile memory may, for example, include read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.

[0076] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit with data processing and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In one embodiment of this application, the processor is used to execute the computer-readable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method described above for predicting the distribution of oil and gas in tight sandstone based on the properties of source rocks.

[0077] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in order to solve the technical problem of how to achieve a good user experience, this embodiment may also include well-known structures such as communication buses and interfaces, and these well-known structures should also be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0078] For a detailed description of this embodiment, please refer to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0079] Example 4

[0080] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for predicting the distribution of oil and gas in tight sandstone based on the properties of source rocks.

[0081] A computer-readable storage medium according to embodiments of this application stores non-transitory computer-readable instructions. When these non-transitory computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor, all or part of the steps of the methods described in the foregoing embodiments of this application are performed.

[0082] The aforementioned computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to: optical storage media (e.g., CD-ROM and DVD), magneto-optical storage media (e.g., MO), magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tape or portable hard drive), media with built-in rewritable non-volatile memory (e.g., memory card), and media with built-in ROM (e.g., ROM cartridge).

[0083] Example 5

[0084] This application provides an apparatus for predicting the distribution of oil and gas in tight sandstone based on the properties of source rocks, comprising:

[0085] The source rock burial depth calculation unit is used to obtain the burial depth of the source rock and the gas and oil generation threshold depths;

[0086] The hydrocarbon generation and expulsion type determination unit is used to obtain the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion types of source rocks at different burial depths;

[0087] The distribution of tight sandstone was determined by identifying the tight sandstone distribution and the contact relationship between the source rock and the tight sandstone.

[0088] The tight sandstone oil and gas distribution determination unit is used to predict the spatial oil and gas distribution within the tight sandstone based on the burial depth of the source rock, the gas generation and oil generation threshold depths, the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion types of the source rock at different burial depths, the distribution of the tight sandstone, and the contact relationship between the source rock and the tight sandstone. The predicted spatial oil and gas distribution within the tight sandstone is then verified through dynamic single-well testing.

[0089] The oil, gas and water distribution characteristic determination unit evaluates the effective thickness of reservoirs at various locations in the block based on well logging data, well logging information, and seismic interpretation data, establishes a geological model of the effective thickness distribution of reservoirs, and describes the spatial distribution of oil, gas and water in the tight sandstone by combining the verified spatial oil and gas distribution within the tight sandstone, and determines the distribution characteristics and range of oil, gas and water.

[0090] The various embodiments of this application have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for predicting oil and gas distribution in tight sandstone based on source rock properties, characterized in that, include: Step S1 yields the burial depth of the source rock and the gas and oil generation threshold depths; Step S2, obtain the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion types of source rocks at different burial depths; Step S3: Obtain the distribution of tight sandstone and the contact relationship between source rocks and tight sandstone; Step S4: Based on the burial depth of the source rock, the gas generation and oil generation threshold depths, the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion types of the source rock at different burial depths, the distribution of the tight sandstone, and the contact relationship between the source rock and the tight sandstone, predict the spatial distribution of oil and gas within the tight sandstone, and verify the predicted spatial distribution of oil and gas within the tight sandstone through dynamic single-well testing. Step S5: Based on well logging data, well logging information, and seismic interpretation data, evaluate the effective thickness of reservoirs at various locations in the block, establish a geological model of the effective thickness distribution of reservoirs, and combine the spatial oil and gas distribution in the tight sandstone that has been verified in Step S4 to describe the spatial distribution of oil, gas, and water in the tight sandstone, and determine the distribution characteristics and range of oil, gas, and water.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, obtaining the burial depth of the source rock specifically includes: A comprehensive stratigraphic columnar section was calculated and drawn based on well logging interpretation data and core data. The burial depth of the source rock is read from the stratigraphic columnar section.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, obtaining the gas and oil generation threshold depths of the source rock specifically includes: The geothermal gradient is obtained by measuring inside the borehole using a well temperature gauge; Based on the geothermal gradient, geological age of the source rock, sedimentation rate, and tectonic erosion, the gas generation and oil generation threshold depths of the source rock are calculated.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The types of hydrocarbons generated and expelled include dry gas, wet gas, condensate gas, crude oil, and their corresponding burial depths.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically includes: Based on seismic interpretation data and well logging data, the distribution of tight sandstone and the contact relationship between source rocks and tight sandstone were obtained.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the dynamic verification of the predicted oil and gas distribution within the tight sandstone through single-well testing specifically includes: The oil content, gas content, oil-gas dissolution ratio, and oil-gas phase state of the tight sandstone at the single well were obtained through dynamic testing of a single well. From the predicted oil and gas distribution within the tight sandstone, the predicted values ​​of oil content, gas content, oil and gas dissolution ratio, and oil and gas phases of the tight sandstone at this single well are obtained. The oil content, gas content, oil-gas dissolution ratio, and oil-gas phase state at a single well obtained dynamically through single-well testing will be compared with the predicted values ​​of oil content, gas content, oil-gas dissolution ratio, and oil-gas phase state of the tight sandstone at that single well. If the comparison results are consistent, then the predicted oil and gas distribution within the tight sandstone is verified.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the comparison results are inconsistent, it is determined that the predicted spatial oil and gas distribution in the tight sandstone has failed the verification, and the process returns to step S1, and steps S1 to S4 are executed again until the comparison results are consistent.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: Memory, which stores executable instructions; A processor that executes the executable instructions in the memory to implement the method for predicting the distribution of oil and gas in tight sandstone by means of source rock properties, as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for predicting the distribution of oil and gas in tight sandstone by means of source rock properties as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A device for predicting the distribution of oil and gas in tight sandstone based on the properties of source rocks, characterized in that, include: The source rock burial depth calculation unit is used to obtain the burial depth of the source rock and the gas and oil generation threshold depths; The hydrocarbon generation and expulsion type determination unit is used to obtain the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion types of source rocks at different burial depths; The distribution of tight sandstone was determined by identifying the tight sandstone distribution and the contact relationship between the source rock and the tight sandstone. The tight sandstone oil and gas distribution determination unit is used to predict the spatial oil and gas distribution within the tight sandstone based on the burial depth of the source rock, the gas generation and oil generation threshold depths, the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion types of the source rock at different burial depths, the distribution of the tight sandstone, and the contact relationship between the source rock and the tight sandstone. The predicted spatial oil and gas distribution within the tight sandstone is then verified through dynamic single-well testing. The oil, gas and water distribution characteristic determination unit evaluates the effective thickness of reservoirs at various locations in the block based on well logging data, well logging information, and seismic interpretation data, establishes a geological model of the effective thickness distribution of reservoirs, and describes the spatial distribution of oil, gas and water in the tight sandstone by combining the verified spatial oil and gas distribution within the tight sandstone, and determines the distribution characteristics and range of oil, gas and water.

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