A method for drip irrigation cultivation of spring wheat

Abstract

The application discloses a drip irrigation cultivation method for spring wheat. The drip irrigation cultivation method for spring wheat comprises the following steps: land selection: selecting a land block with stable snow accumulation of not less than 10 cm in winter; variety selection: selecting a spring wheat variety with a thousand-grain weight of more than 48 g; land preparation and sowing: applying base fertilizer, leveling the land, sowing when the average temperature is stable at 2-4 DEG C before winter, and then drip irrigation; and field management: including drip irrigation water and fertilizer management. Compared with the conventional sowing method, the spring wheat sowed before winter can be early sprouted by about 10 days, and the yield per mu can be increased by 20-25%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, specifically relating to a drip irrigation cultivation method for spring wheat. Background Technology

[0002] In the actual agricultural planting situation, due to the large annual variation in snow thickness in various parts of northern Xinjiang, the late arrival of spring, and the frequent occurrence of rainy weather after the snow melts, most spring wheat areas cannot achieve timely early sowing, resulting in low and unstable spring wheat yields.

[0003] In view of this, the present invention proposes a new drip irrigation cultivation method for egg-laying spring wheat. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drip irrigation cultivation method for spring wheat, which can achieve timely early sowing, early wheat emergence, high yield, and is suitable for large-scale, standardized planting, and is easy to manage.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A drip irrigation cultivation method for egg-laying spring wheat includes the following steps:

[0007] Land selection: Select a plot of land with a stable snow cover of at least 10cm in winter;

[0008] Variety selection: Select spring wheat varieties with a thousand-grain weight of 48g or more;

[0009] Land preparation and sowing: Apply base fertilizer, level the land, and sow when the average temperature stabilizes at 2-4℃ before winter. Then irrigate with drip water and adopt drip irrigation cultivation method.

[0010] Field management: including drip irrigation and fertilizer management.

[0011] Furthermore, the selected varieties are: Xinchun No. 38 and Xinchun No. 45.

[0012] Furthermore, the aforementioned base fertilizer is applied as follows: after the previous crop is destroyed and before tilling, apply 20.0-25.0 kg / mu of diammonium phosphate.

[0013] Furthermore, in the aforementioned sowing process, the sowing rate is 23-24 kg / mu.

[0014] Furthermore, in the aforementioned field management, 50% chlormequat chloride is applied during the wheat tillering or jointing stage, with the first application at 350-400g / mu and the second application at 250-300g / mu.

[0015] Furthermore, the 50% chlormequat chloride is diluted with 2-2.5 kg / mu of water and sprayed each time.

[0016] Furthermore, after sowing, the drip irrigation water volume per mu is 60-70 m3;

[0017] The water and fertilizer management adopts integrated water and fertilizer measures, including water management during seedling emergence and water and fertilizer management during the growth period.

[0018] Furthermore, the aforementioned seedling water refers to the water dripped from a drip irrigation system installed after sowing, in case of seedling emergence difficulties in the spring.

[0019] The water and fertilizer management during the growth period is as follows: the first irrigation is carried out at the two-leaf and one-heart stage of wheat, with an irrigation volume of 50-55 m3 per mu, and 6-8 kg of urea, 2-2.5 kg of monoammonium phosphate and 2-3 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu with the irrigation water;

[0020] After 10-14 days, apply the second irrigation, with a water volume of 58-62 m3 per mu. Apply 6-10 kg of urea, 2-2.5 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 2.5-3.5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu with the irrigation water.

[0021] The third irrigation should involve 58-62 m3 of water per mu, with 8-9 kg of urea, 2-2.5 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 2.5-3.5 kg of potassium sulfate applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0022] The fourth irrigation should involve 50-55 m3 of water per mu, with drip application of 5-6 kg of urea, 2-2.5 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 2.5-3.5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu.

[0023] The fifth irrigation should involve 50-55 m³ of water per mu (667 square meters), with 2.5-3.5 kg of urea and 2.5-3.5 kg of potassium sulfate applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0024] The sixth irrigation should involve 40-42 m³ of water per mu, with 2-2.5 kg of potassium sulfate applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0025] Furthermore, the water and fertilizer management during the growth period is as follows: the first irrigation is carried out at the two-leaf and one-heart stage of wheat, with an irrigation volume of 50 m3 per mu, and 2 kg of monoammonium phosphate is applied per mu with the irrigation water;

[0026] The second irrigation is applied 12 days later, with an irrigation volume of 60 m3 per mu. 2 kg of monoammonium phosphate and 3 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu with the irrigation water.

[0027] The third irrigation water volume is 60m3 per mu, and 8kg of urea, 2kg of monoammonium phosphate and 3kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu by drip irrigation.

[0028] The fourth irrigation should be done with 50 m3 of water per mu, and 2 kg of monoammonium phosphate and 3 kg of potassium sulfate should be applied per mu by drip irrigation.

[0029] The fifth irrigation water volume is 50m3 per mu, and 3kg of urea and 3kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu by drip irrigation.

[0030] The sixth irrigation should be 40 m3 per mu, with 2 kg of potassium sulfate applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0031] Furthermore, the watering during the reproductive period is carried out 6-7 times, with an interval of 15-16 days between the second and last waterings.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] 1. This invention involves drip irrigation after sowing spring wheat, which avoids soil compaction in early spring, thus preventing adverse effects on seedling emergence. It also promotes seed germination and sprouting in the soil, allowing spring wheat seeds to germinate before winter. Protected by thick snow cover and low temperatures, this facilitates early emergence in spring. In contrast, traditional winter-sown spring wheat is sown on dry soil without irrigation, and the seeds germinate the following spring. Therefore, this invention's sowing method results in earlier emergence, approximately 10 days earlier, compared to conventional winter-sown spring wheat methods.

[0034] The technical solution of this invention promotes earlier emergence of spring wheat, correspondingly advancing and extending each growth stage, thereby increasing yield. Specifically: earlier emergence, lower seedling temperatures, and shorter daylight hours enable earlier tillering, extend the number of days for young spikelet differentiation, increase the number of spikelets, promote the formation of large spikes, and increase the number of grains per spike, thus resulting in a higher spikelet formation rate and increased yield; earlier maturity reduces the impact of later natural disasters such as high temperatures and hot, dry winds, as well as pests such as aphids on the crop, avoiding yield reductions caused by natural disasters and pests.

[0035] 2. This invention involves sowing spring wheat before winter, which results in seedlings emerging about 10 days earlier than spring wheat sown using conventional methods. This can increase the number of harvested ears by 30,000 to 40,000 per mu, increase the number of grains per ear by 2 to 3, increase the thousand-grain weight by 2 to 3 g, and increase the yield per mu by 20 to 25%.

[0036] 3. This invention achieves a high yield by sowing spring wheat before winter, selecting and matching appropriate varieties, and reforming cultivation techniques, thereby achieving a yield of over 650.0 kg / mu.

[0037] 4. This invention is suitable for large-scale, standardized planting, is easy to manage, improves production efficiency, can guarantee grain production, and promotes the development of the wheat industry. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To further illustrate the drip irrigation cultivation method for egg-laying spring wheat according to the present invention and achieve the intended purpose of the invention, the following detailed description, in conjunction with preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effects of the drip irrigation cultivation method for egg-laying spring wheat proposed according to the present invention. In the following description, different "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0039] The following will provide a more detailed description of the drip irrigation cultivation method for egg-laying spring wheat according to the present invention, with reference to specific embodiments:

[0040] The fertilizers and materials used in this invention are all currently available on the market.

[0041] Urea, also known as carbamide, is an organic compound composed of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen, appearing as white crystals. Industrially, urea is synthesized from ammonia and carbon dioxide under specific conditions; it is a neutral fertilizer. It is easy to store, convenient to use, and has minimal impact on the soil, making it one of the most widely used chemical nitrogen fertilizers. Urea is suitable for various soils and plants, and can be used as a base fertilizer and top dressing, applicable to both dry and paddy fields. Urea has the following effects: it accelerates cell division and growth, resulting in lush foliage. It can also be used in agriculture for regulating flower quantity, thinning flowers and fruits, controlling pests, and rice seed production. Besides its use in fertilizer synthesis, it is also used as a raw material in the production of pharmaceuticals, food, desiccants, resin treatment agents, and many other products.

[0042] Monoammonium phosphate (MAP) is a high-concentration nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer, primarily composed of phosphorus, with a phosphorus content of approximately 60% and a nitrogen content of approximately 12%. It appears as grayish-white or pale yellow granules, is not easily hygroscopic or prone to clumping, and is readily soluble in water. Chemically acidic, it is suitable for various crops and soil types, particularly showing significant yield-increasing effects in alkaline soils and areas with severe phosphorus deficiency. MAP is widely applicable to various food crops and cash crops, including rice, wheat, corn, sorghum, cotton, melons, fruits, and vegetables.

[0043] Monoammonium phosphate (MAP) is suitable not only for field crops and cash crops, but also for various soil types. MAP contains nitrogen and phosphorus, two essential nutrients for crop growth. Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growth, promoting leaf growth. Phosphorus participates in photosynthesis and respiration within the plant, promoting early root formation and growth, enhancing the crop's adaptability to the external environment, promoting early maturity, and improving crop quality. Phosphorus can also enhance the disease and pest resistance of certain crops.

[0044] Potassium sulfate, an inorganic salt with the chemical formula K₂SO₄, is a white crystalline powder. Agricultural potassium sulfate is chemically neutral but physiologically acidic, typically pale yellow in appearance. It has low hygroscopicity, does not easily clump, has good physical properties, and is easy to apply. It is an excellent water-soluble potassium fertilizer and a major raw material for producing chlorine-free nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizers. Potassium sulfate is a chlorine-free, high-quality, and efficient potassium fertilizer, especially important in the cultivation of chlorine-sensitive crops such as tobacco, grapes, sugar beets, tea trees, potatoes, flax, and various fruit trees.

[0045] Diammonium phosphate, with the molecular formula (NH4)2HPO4, is chemically alkaline and belongs to the category of alkaline fertilizers. It is a high-concentration, fast-acting nitrogen and phosphorus compound fertilizer with phosphorus as its main element. It is suitable for most crops and various soil types, and has a wide range of applications, including corn, rice, wheat, peanuts, and rapeseed. It can be used as a base fertilizer or top dressing.

[0046] The 50% chlormequat chloride used in the embodiments of this invention is a commercially available pesticide, a plant growth regulator that can promote plant growth and development, and improve yield and quality.

[0047] Example 1.

[0048] This example was demonstrated in 2019 on 56.0 mu of plot No. 8 in the 1st Company of the 3rd Branch Farm of the 8th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.

[0049] The specific cultivation steps are as follows:

[0050] (1) Land selection: The plot has a stable snow cover of at least 10cm in winter, which can ensure that the wheat can safely overwinter.

[0051] (2) Selection of spring wheat varieties with high yield: Spring wheat varieties with high thousand-grain weight (larger grains, with a thousand-grain weight of more than 50g), high yield potential, and good plumpness should be selected. In this example, Xinchun 38 is selected.

[0052] (3) Apply sufficient base fertilizer: The base fertilizer is applied using the full-layer fertilization technique, that is, after the previous crop is destroyed and before plowing, apply 22.0 kg / mu of diammonium phosphate by machine.

[0053] (4) Sowing at the appropriate time:

[0054] Sowing time: It is advisable to sow when the local average temperature before winter is stable at 2-4℃, that is, sow on October 28.

[0055] After harrowing, sow seeds at a rate of 23-24 kg per mu to ensure the number of wheat seedlings can be maintained next spring.

[0056] (5) Install drip irrigation network: After sowing, install the drip irrigation system in time and drip water, with a drip irrigation volume of 60m3 per mu. Drip watering after sowing can prevent soil compaction after spring, which is not conducive to seedling emergence, and promote seed germination and sprouting in the soil, thereby promoting early seedling emergence after spring.

[0057] (6) Field management:

[0058] ① If wheat seedlings have difficulty emerging after the start of spring, a small amount of irrigation water can be applied to promote full, uniform, and robust seedling emergence. In this example of spring wheat planting, the emergence period is around March 23.

[0059] ②Strengthen chemical control. Before the tillering or jointing stage of wheat, around April 16, apply 380g / mu of 50% chlormequat chloride diluted with 2.2kg / mu of water using a drone sprayer.

[0060] About 8 days later, around April 24, a second round of chemical control was carried out, spraying 280g / mu of 50% chlormequat chloride diluted with 2.2kg / mu of water using a drone to prevent lodging of wheat in the later stages.

[0061] ③ Water and fertilizer management during the growing season is as follows:

[0062] During the two-leaf and one-heart stage of wheat, around April 8th, drip irrigation should be carried out at a rate of 50 m3 per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares). Apply 8 kg of urea, 2 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 3 kg of potassium sulfate per mu with the irrigation water.

[0063] The second irrigation should be done 12 days later, around April 20th, with an irrigation volume of 60m3 per mu. Apply 10kg of urea, 2kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 3kg of potassium sulfate per mu with the irrigation water.

[0064] The third irrigation will be carried out around May 5th, with an irrigation volume of 60m3 per mu. 8kg of urea, 2kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 3kg of potassium sulfate will be applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0065] The fourth irrigation will be carried out around May 20th, with an irrigation volume of 50m3 per mu. 6kg of urea, 2kg of monoammonium phosphate and 3kg of potassium sulfate will be applied per mu by drip irrigation.

[0066] The fifth irrigation will be carried out around June 5th, with an irrigation volume of 50m3 per mu, and 3kg of urea and 3kg of potassium sulfate applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0067] The sixth irrigation will be carried out around June 20th, with an irrigation volume of 40m3 per mu and 2kg of potassium sulfate applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0068] The amount of water used for the 7th irrigation was 25 m3 per mu.

[0069] Strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and pests, and harvest at the appropriate time.

[0070] Other management practices are the same as those in the local field management system.

[0071] Example 2.

[0072] This example was demonstrated in 2022 on 80 mu of plots 1-4# in the 22nd Company of Qitai Farm, Sixth Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.

[0073] The specific cultivation steps are as follows:

[0074] Pre-broadcast preparation:

[0075] (1) Land selection: The plot has a stable snow cover of at least 10cm in winter, which can ensure that the wheat can safely overwinter.

[0076] (2) Apply sufficient base fertilizer: The base fertilizer is applied using the full-layer fertilization technique, that is, after the previous crop is destroyed and before plowing, apply 20.0 kg / mu of diammonium phosphate by machine.

[0077] (3) Selection of spring wheat varieties with high yield: Spring wheat varieties with high thousand-grain weight (larger grains, with a thousand-grain weight of more than 50g), high yield potential, and good plumpness should be selected. In this example, Xinchun 45 is selected.

[0078] Sowing at the appropriate time:

[0079] (4) Sowing time: Sowing should be done when the local average temperature before winter is stable at 2-4℃. That is, sowing on November 6.

[0080] After harrowing, sow seeds at a rate of 23-24 kg per mu to ensure the number of wheat seedlings can be maintained next spring.

[0081] (5) Laying out the drip irrigation network

[0082] After sowing, promptly install a drip irrigation system and apply water at a rate of 65 m³ per acre. Applying water after sowing prevents soil compaction in spring, which can hinder seedling emergence, and promotes seed germination and sprouting, thus facilitating early seedling emergence in spring.

[0083] (6) Field management:

[0084] ① If wheat seedlings have difficulty emerging after the start of spring, a small amount of irrigation water can be applied to promote full, uniform, and robust seedling emergence. In this example of spring wheat planting, the emergence period is around March 27th.

[0085] ②Strengthen chemical control. Before the tillering or jointing stage of wheat, around April 19th, apply 400g / mu of 50% chlormequat chloride diluted with 2.5kg / mu of water using a drone sprayer.

[0086] About 8 days later, around April 27, a second round of chemical control was carried out, spraying 300g / mu of 50% chlormequat chloride diluted with 2.5kg / mu of water using a drone to prevent lodging of wheat in the later stages.

[0087] ③ Water and fertilizer management during the growing season is as follows:

[0088] At the two-leaf and one-heart stage of wheat, around April 12, drip irrigation is carried out with a water volume of 52 m3 per mu. 6 kg of urea, 2.2 kg of monoammonium phosphate and 2 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu with the drip irrigation.

[0089] The second irrigation should be carried out 14 days later, around April 26th, with an irrigation volume of 58m3 per mu. 6kg of urea, 2.2kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 2.5kg of potassium sulfate should be applied per mu with the irrigation water.

[0090] The third irrigation was around May 11th, with an irrigation volume of 58 m3 per mu. 8.5 kg of urea, 2 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 2.5 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0091] The fourth irrigation was around May 26th, with an irrigation volume of 52 m3 per mu. 5.5 kg of urea, 2.2 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 2.5 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0092] The fifth irrigation was around June 10th, with an irrigation volume of 52 m3 per mu, and 2.5 kg of urea and 2.5 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0093] The sixth irrigation was around June 25th, with an irrigation volume of 41 m3 per mu and a drip application of 2.1 kg of potassium sulfate per mu.

[0094] The amount of water used for the 7th irrigation was 25 m3 per mu.

[0095] Strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and pests, and harvest at the appropriate time.

[0096] Other management practices are the same as those in the local field management system.

[0097] Example 3.

[0098] This example was demonstrated in 2021 on 300 mu of farmland, No. 16, 10th Company, 105th Regiment, 6th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.

[0099] The specific cultivation steps are as follows:

[0100] Pre-broadcast preparation:

[0101] (1) Land selection: The plot has a stable snow cover of at least 10cm in winter, which can ensure that the wheat can safely overwinter.

[0102] (2) Apply sufficient base fertilizer: The base fertilizer is applied using the full-layer fertilization technique, that is, after the previous crop is destroyed and before plowing, apply 25.0 kg / mu of diammonium phosphate by machine.

[0103] (3) Selection of spring wheat varieties with high yield: Spring wheat varieties with high thousand-grain weight (larger grains, with a thousand-grain weight of more than 50g), high yield potential, and good plumpness should be selected. In this example, Xinchun 38 is selected.

[0104] Sowing at the appropriate time:

[0105] (4) Sowing time: Sowing should be done when the local average temperature before winter is stable at 2-4℃. That is, sowing on October 30.

[0106] Sowing: Sow after harrowing. The sowing rate is 23-24 kg per mu to ensure the number of wheat seedlings for next spring.

[0107] (5) Install drip irrigation network: After sowing, install the drip irrigation system in time and drip water, with a drip irrigation volume of 70m3 per mu. Drip watering after sowing can prevent soil compaction after spring, which will affect seedling emergence, and promote seed germination and sprouting in the soil, thereby promoting early seedling emergence after spring.

[0108] 4. Field Management

[0109] ① If wheat seedlings have difficulty emerging after the start of spring, a small amount of irrigation water can be applied to promote full, uniform, and robust seedling emergence. In this example of spring wheat planting, the emergence period is around March 25th.

[0110] ②Strengthen chemical control. Before the tillering or jointing stage of wheat, around April 18, apply 350g / mu of 50% chlormequat chloride diluted with 2kg / mu of water using a drone sprayer.

[0111] About 8 days later, around April 24, a second chemical control was carried out, spraying 250g / mu of 50% chlormequat chloride diluted with 2kg / mu of water, using a drone for spraying, to prevent lodging of wheat in the later stages.

[0112] ③ Water and fertilizer management during the growing season is as follows:

[0113] At the two-leaf and one-heart stage of wheat, around April 10th, drip irrigation should be carried out with a water volume of 55 m3 per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares). Apply 7 kg of urea, 2.5 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 2.5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu with the irrigation water.

[0114] The second irrigation should be done 10 days later, around April 20th, with an irrigation volume of 62m3 per mu. Apply 8kg of urea, 2.5kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 3.5kg of potassium sulfate per mu with the irrigation water.

[0115] The third irrigation was around May 6th, with an irrigation volume of 62 m3 per mu. 9 kg of urea, 2.5 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 3.5 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0116] The fourth irrigation will be carried out around May 22nd, with an irrigation volume of 55m3 per mu. 5.0kg of urea, 2.5kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 3.5kg of potassium sulfate will be applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0117] The fifth irrigation was around June 7th, with an irrigation volume of 55 m3 per mu, and 3.5 kg of urea and 3.5 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0118] The sixth irrigation was around June 22nd, with an irrigation volume of 42 m3 per mu and a drip application of 2.5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu.

[0119] Strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and pests, and harvest at the appropriate time. Other management practices are the same as those in local field management.

[0120] Example 4.

[0121] This example was demonstrated in 2019 on 50.0 mu of plot #9 in the 1st Company of the 3rd Branch Farm of the 8th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.

[0122] The specific cultivation steps are as follows:

[0123] (1) Land selection: The plot has a stable snow cover of at least 11cm in winter, which can ensure that the wheat can safely overwinter.

[0124] (2) Selection of spring wheat varieties with high yield: Spring wheat varieties with high thousand-grain weight (larger grains, with a thousand-grain weight of more than 48g), high yield potential, and good plumpness should be selected. In this example, Xinchun 45 is selected.

[0125] (3) Apply sufficient base fertilizer: The base fertilizer is applied using the full-layer fertilization technique, that is, after the previous crop is destroyed and before plowing, apply 21.0 kg / mu of diammonium phosphate by machine.

[0126] (4) Sowing at the appropriate time:

[0127] Sowing time: It is advisable to sow when the local average temperature before winter is stable at 2-4℃, that is, sow on October 29.

[0128] After harrowing, sow seeds at a rate of 23-24 kg per mu to ensure the number of wheat seedlings can be maintained next spring.

[0129] (5) Install drip irrigation network: After sowing, install drip irrigation system in time and drip water, with a drip irrigation volume of 64m3 per mu. Drip watering after sowing can avoid soil compaction after spring, which is not conducive to seedling emergence, and promote seed germination and sprouting in the soil, thereby promoting early seedling emergence after spring.

[0130] (6) Field management:

[0131] ① If wheat seedlings have difficulty emerging after the start of spring, a small amount of irrigation water can be applied to promote full, uniform, and robust seedling emergence. In this example of spring wheat planting, the emergence period is around March 23.

[0132] ②Strengthen chemical control. Before the tillering or jointing stage of wheat, i.e., on April 17, apply 360g / mu of 50% chlormequat chloride diluted with 2.1kg / mu of water using a drone sprayer.

[0133] About 8 days later, around April 25th, a second round of chemical control was carried out, spraying 260g / mu of 50% chlormequat chloride diluted with 2.1kg / mu of water using a drone to prevent lodging of wheat in the later stages.

[0134] ③ Water and fertilizer management during the growing season is as follows:

[0135] At the two-leaf and one-heart stage of wheat, around April 9th, drip irrigation is carried out with a water volume of 52m3 per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares). 7.5kg of urea, 2.1kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 2.2kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu with the irrigation water.

[0136] The second irrigation is carried out 10 days later, around April 19th, with an irrigation volume of 61m3 per mu. 9kg of urea, 2.1kg of monoammonium phosphate and 3.3kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu with the irrigation.

[0137] The third irrigation was carried out around May 4th, with an irrigation volume of 61 m3 per mu. 8.2 kg of urea, 2.4 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 3.2 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0138] The fourth irrigation was around May 20th, with an irrigation volume of 52 m3 per mu. 5.4 kg of urea, 2.1 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 2.6 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0139] The fifth irrigation was around June 4th, with an irrigation volume of 52 m3 per mu (667 square meters). 2.6 kg of urea and 2.6 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0140] The sixth irrigation was carried out around June 20th, with an irrigation volume of 41 m3 per mu and a drip application of 2.1 kg of potassium sulfate per mu.

[0141] The amount of water used for the 7th irrigation was 24 m3 per mu.

[0142] Strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and pests, and harvest at the appropriate time.

[0143] Other management practices are the same as those in the local field management system.

[0144] Example 5.

[0145] This example was demonstrated at the wheat experimental field of the Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2019.

[0146] The specific cultivation steps are as follows:

[0147] (1) Land selection: The plot has a stable snow cover of at least 10cm in winter, which can ensure that the wheat can safely overwinter.

[0148] (2) Selection of spring wheat varieties with high yield: Spring wheat varieties with high thousand-grain weight (larger grains, with a thousand-grain weight of more than 49g), high yield potential, and good plumpness should be selected. In this example, Xinchun 38 is selected.

[0149] (3) Apply sufficient base fertilizer: The base fertilizer is applied using the full-layer fertilization technique, that is, after the previous crop is destroyed and before plowing, apply 24.0 kg / mu of diammonium phosphate by machine.

[0150] (4) Sowing at the appropriate time:

[0151] Sowing time: It is advisable to sow when the local average temperature before winter is stable at 2-4℃, that is, sow on October 27.

[0152] After harrowing, sow seeds at a rate of 23-24 kg per mu to ensure the number of wheat seedlings can be maintained next spring.

[0153] (5) Install drip irrigation network: After sowing, install drip irrigation system in time and drip water, with a drip irrigation volume of 64m3 per mu. Drip watering after sowing can avoid soil compaction after spring, which is not conducive to seedling emergence, and promote seed germination and sprouting in the soil, thereby promoting early seedling emergence after spring.

[0154] (6) Field management:

[0155] ① If wheat seedlings have difficulty emerging after the start of spring, a small amount of irrigation water can be applied to promote full, uniform, and robust seedling emergence. In this example of spring wheat planting, the emergence period is around March 22nd.

[0156] ②Strengthen chemical control. Before the tillering or jointing stage of wheat, around April 15th, apply 370g / mu of 50% chlormequat chloride diluted with 2.5kg / mu of water using a drone sprayer.

[0157] About eight days later, around April 23, a second round of chemical control was carried out, spraying 280g / mu of 50% chlormequat chloride diluted with 2.2kg / mu of water using a drone to prevent lodging of wheat in the later stages.

[0158] ③ Water and fertilizer management during the growing season is as follows:

[0159] At the two-leaf and one-heart stage of wheat, around April 7th, drip irrigation should be carried out, with an irrigation volume of 53 m3 per mu. 6.5 kg of urea, 2 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 2.6 kg of potassium sulfate should be applied per mu with the irrigation water.

[0160] The second irrigation is carried out 11 days later, around April 18th, with an irrigation volume of 59m3 per mu. 7kg of urea, 2kg of monoammonium phosphate and 2.5kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu with the irrigation water.

[0161] The third irrigation was around May 3rd, with an irrigation volume of 59 m3 per mu. 8.6 kg of urea, 2.3 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 3.3 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0162] The fourth irrigation was around May 19th, with an irrigation volume of 54 m3 per mu. 5.6 kg of urea, 2.1 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 3.1 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0163] The fifth irrigation was carried out around June 4th, with an irrigation volume of 54 m3 per mu. 2.8 kg of urea and 2.9 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0164] The sixth irrigation was around June 20th, with an irrigation volume of 42 m3 per mu and 2 kg of potassium sulfate applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0165] The amount of water used for the 7th irrigation was 26 m3 per mu.

[0166] Strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and pests, and harvest at the appropriate time.

[0167] Other management practices are the same as those in the local field management system.

[0168] Example 6.

[0169] This example was demonstrated at the wheat experimental field of the Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2019.

[0170] The specific cultivation steps are as follows:

[0171] (1) Land selection: The plot has a stable snow cover of at least 10cm in winter, which can ensure that the wheat can safely overwinter.

[0172] (2) Selection of spring wheat varieties with high yield: Spring wheat varieties with high thousand-grain weight (larger grains, with a thousand-grain weight of more than 49g), high yield potential, and good plumpness should be selected. In this example, Xinchun 45 is selected.

[0173] (3) Apply sufficient base fertilizer: The base fertilizer is applied using the full-layer fertilization technique, that is, after the previous crop is destroyed and before plowing, apply 24.0 kg / mu of diammonium phosphate by machine.

[0174] (4) Sowing at the appropriate time:

[0175] Sowing time: It is advisable to sow when the local average temperature before winter is stable at 2-4℃, that is, sow on October 28.

[0176] After harrowing, sow seeds at a rate of 23-24 kg per mu to ensure the number of wheat seedlings can be maintained next spring.

[0177] (5) Install drip irrigation network: After sowing, install drip irrigation system in time and drip water, with a drip irrigation volume of 68m3 per mu. Drip watering after sowing can avoid soil compaction after spring, which is not conducive to seedling emergence, and promote seed germination and sprouting in the soil, thereby promoting early seedling emergence after spring.

[0178] (6) Field management:

[0179] ① If wheat seedlings have difficulty emerging after the start of spring, a small amount of irrigation water can be applied to promote full, uniform, and robust seedling emergence. In this example of spring wheat planting, the emergence period is around March 24th.

[0180] ②Strengthen chemical control. Before the tillering or jointing stage of wheat, around April 16, apply 385g / mu of 50% chlormequat chloride diluted with 2.2kg / mu of water using a drone for spraying.

[0181] About 8 days later, around April 24, a second round of chemical control was carried out, spraying 285g / mu of 50% chlormequat chloride diluted with 2.2kg / mu of water using a drone to prevent lodging of wheat in the later stages.

[0182] ③ Water and fertilizer management during the growing season is as follows:

[0183] At the two-leaf and one-heart stage of wheat, around April 8th, drip irrigation should be carried out, with an irrigation volume of 55m3 per mu. 6.5kg of urea, 2kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 2.5kg of potassium sulfate should be applied per mu with the irrigation water.

[0184] The second irrigation is carried out 14 days later, around April 22nd, with an irrigation volume of 61m3 per mu. 9kg of urea, 2.2kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 3.4kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu with the irrigation.

[0185] The third irrigation was around May 6th, with an irrigation volume of 60 m3 per mu. 8 kg of urea, 2.1 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 3.2 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0186] The fourth irrigation was around May 21st, with an irrigation volume of 53 m3 per mu. 5.4 kg of urea, 2 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 3 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0187] The fifth irrigation was carried out around June 5th, with an irrigation volume of 51 m3 per mu. 3.2 kg of urea and 2.8 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu by drip irrigation.

[0188] The sixth irrigation will be carried out around June 21st, with an irrigation volume of 40m3 per mu and a drip application of 2.5kg of potassium sulfate per mu.

[0189] The amount of water used for the 7th irrigation was 24 m3 per mu.

[0190] Strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and pests, and harvest at the appropriate time.

[0191] Other management practices are the same as those in the local field management system.

[0192] Comparative Example 1:

[0193] The specific cultivation steps for winter sowing of spring wheat are as follows:

[0194] Pre-broadcast preparation:

[0195] (1) Apply sufficient base fertilizer: The base fertilizer is applied using the full-layer fertilization technique, that is, after the previous crop is destroyed and before plowing, apply 15.0 kg / mu of diammonium phosphate by machine.

[0196] (3) Selection of spring wheat varieties for egg production: Select Xinchun 38, with no specific requirements for thousand-grain weight.

[0197] Sowing at the appropriate time:

[0198] (4) Sowing time: Sowing should be done when the local average temperature before winter is stable at 2-4℃. That is, sowing should be done around November 10.

[0199] Sow the seeds after harrowing. Sow the seeds on dry soil; otherwise, they will not germinate before winter if the soil does not drip. The sowing rate is 27-28 kg per mu.

[0200] (5) Field management:

[0201] ① After the start of spring, seedlings germinate and emerge relying on snow moisture (melting snow) or by drip irrigation. Spring wheat seedlings emerge around April 7th.

[0202] ② Strengthen chemical control. Before the tillering or jointing stage of wheat, around May 1st, apply 300g / mu of 50% chlormequat chloride diluted with 2-2.5kg / mu of water using a drone for spraying. After an interval of about 10 days, around May 11th, carry out a second chemical control by spraying 150g / mu of 50% chlormequat chloride to prevent lodging of wheat in the later stages.

[0203] ③ At the two-leaf and one-heart stage of wheat, around April 20th, drip irrigation should be carried out at a rate of 50 m3 per mu, with 8 kg of urea, 3 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 3 kg of potassium sulfate applied per mu with the irrigation water.

[0204] The second irrigation should be carried out 10 days later, around May 1st, with an irrigation volume of 60m3 per mu. 10kg of urea, 3kg of monoammonium phosphate and 3kg of potassium sulfate should be applied per mu with the irrigation.

[0205] The third irrigation will be carried out around May 16th, with an irrigation volume of 60m3 per mu. 10kg of urea, 3kg of monoammonium phosphate and 3kg of potassium sulfate will be applied per mu by drip irrigation.

[0206] The fourth irrigation will be around June 1st, with an irrigation volume of 50m3 per mu. Apply 8kg of urea, 3kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 3kg of potassium sulfate per mu via drip irrigation.

[0207] The fifth irrigation will be carried out around June 15th, with an irrigation volume of 50m3 per mu, and 4kg of urea and 3kg of potassium sulfate applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0208] The sixth irrigation will be carried out around June 28th, with an irrigation volume of 40m3 per mu and 2kg of potassium sulfate applied per mu via drip irrigation.

[0209] Strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and pests, and harvest at the appropriate time. Other management practices are the same as those in local field management.

[0210] Using conventional measurement methods in the art, the cultivation methods of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 were compared in terms of yield, number of ears, number of grains per ear, and thousand-grain weight. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0211] Table 1

[0212]

[0213] As shown in Table 1, a comparison between the examples and the comparative examples reveals that the cultivation method of the present invention results in seedling emergence approximately 10 days earlier than the conventional cultivation method for spring wheat, which can increase the number of harvested ears by 30,000 to 40,000 per mu, increase the number of grains per ear by 2 to 3, increase the thousand-grain weight by 2 to 3 g, and increase the yield per mu by 20 to 25%, demonstrating significant technical effects.

[0214] Therefore, it can be seen that this application, by drip irrigation after sowing spring wheat and combining it with reasonable variety selection and matching, implements cultivation technology reform, which promotes earlier emergence of spring wheat, advances and extends each growth stage accordingly, and increases yield. It can increase yield by 20-25% per mu, achieving the goal of yielding more than 650.0 kg / mu, thus achieving the goal of high yield. The technical effect is very significant and suitable for large-scale and standardized planting.

[0215] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drip irrigation cultivation method for egg-laying spring wheat, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Land selection: Select a plot of land with a stable snow cover of at least 10cm in winter; Variety selection: Select spring wheat varieties with a thousand-grain weight of 48g or more; Land preparation and sowing: Apply base fertilizer, level the land, and sow when the average temperature stabilizes at 2-4℃ before winter. Then irrigate with drip water and adopt drip irrigation cultivation method. Field management includes drip irrigation and fertilizer management; After sowing, the drip irrigation water volume per mu is 60-70m3; The drip irrigation water and fertilizer management adopts integrated water and fertilizer measures, including water management during seedling emergence and water and fertilizer management during the growth period; The aforementioned seedling water is: water dripped from a drip irrigation system installed after sowing to help seedlings emerge when emergence is difficult in the spring; The water and fertilizer management during the growth period is as follows: the first irrigation is carried out at the two-leaf and one-heart stage of wheat, with an irrigation volume of 50-55 m3 per mu, and 6-8 kg of urea, 2-2.5 kg of monoammonium phosphate and 2-3 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu with the irrigation water; After 10-14 days, apply the second irrigation, with a water volume of 58-62 m3 per mu. Apply 6-10 kg of urea, 2-2.5 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 2.5-3.5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu with the irrigation water. The third irrigation volume is 58-62m³. 3 Apply 8-9 kg of urea, 2-2.5 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 2.5-3.5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu (667 square meters). The irrigation volume for the fourth irrigation is 50-55 cubic meters per mu. 3 Apply 5-6 kg of urea, 2-2.5 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 2.5-3.5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu using drip irrigation. The fifth irrigation volume is 50-55 cubic meters per mu. 3 Apply 2.5-3.5 kg of urea and 2.5-3.5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu (unit of land area). The irrigation volume for the sixth irrigation is 40-42 cubic meters per mu. 3 Apply 2-2.5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu via drip irrigation.

2. The drip irrigation cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The selected varieties are: Xinchun No. 38 and Xinchun No.

45.

3. The drip irrigation cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned base fertilizer is applied as follows: after the previous crop is destroyed and before tilling, apply 20.0-25.0 kg / mu of diammonium phosphate.

4. The drip irrigation cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sowing rate is 23-24 kg / mu.

5. The drip irrigation cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the field management described above, 50% chlormequat chloride is applied during the tillering or jointing stage of wheat. The first application is 350-400g / mu, and the second application is 250-300g / mu.

6. The drip irrigation cultivation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The 50% chlormequat chloride solution is diluted with 2-2.5 kg / mu of water for each application as a spray.

7. The drip irrigation cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water and fertilizer management during the growth period is as follows: the first irrigation is carried out at the two-leaf and one-heart stage of wheat, with an irrigation volume of 50 m3 per mu, and 2 kg of monoammonium phosphate is applied per mu with the irrigation water; The second irrigation is applied 12 days later, with an irrigation volume of 60 m3 per mu. 2 kg of monoammonium phosphate and 3 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu with the irrigation water. The third irrigation water volume is 60m3 per mu, and 8kg of urea, 2kg of monoammonium phosphate and 3kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu by drip irrigation. The fourth irrigation should be done with 50 m3 of water per mu, and 2 kg of monoammonium phosphate and 3 kg of potassium sulfate should be applied per mu by drip irrigation. The fifth irrigation water volume is 50m3 per mu, and 3kg of urea and 3kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu by drip irrigation. The sixth irrigation should be 40 m3 per mu, with 2 kg of potassium sulfate applied per mu via drip irrigation.

8. The drip irrigation cultivation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The watering should be carried out 6-7 times during the growing season, with an interval of 15-16 days between the second and last waterings.

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