Railway subsidence monitoring method and system

Abstract

The present invention proposes a railway roadbed collapse monitoring method and system, the method comprising acquiring railway roadbed calibration data and uploading it to a database system; setting sensors, collecting roadbed data through the sensors and uploading it to a database system, and classifying and preprocessing the data; setting monitoring thresholds, and monitoring the classified data in real time through a monitoring system; comparing the monitoring data with the thresholds, and issuing early warnings or alarms based on the comparison results. The system used in this method comprises a calibration data acquisition module, a monitoring data acquisition module, a threshold setting module, and an early warning module. Through this method and system, by collecting historical normal operation data and combining the impact of changes in ambient temperature and humidity on the thresholds, the monitoring thresholds and early warning thresholds are dynamically set, and early warnings or alarms are issued, thereby effectively avoiding the risk of railway roadbed collapse and improving the safety and stability of railway operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway monitoring, and in particular to a railway subsidence monitoring method and system. Background Art

[0002] Railways are an integral part of modern transportation, and the stability of railway subgrades is crucial to operational safety. However, due to the complexity and variability of railway subgrade construction, as well as the influence of the external environment, the risk of railway subgrade collapse remains constant. Traditional methods for monitoring railway subgrade collapse typically use on-site monitoring equipment such as measuring instruments. This approach suffers from issues such as the inability to monitor remotely, the lack of early warning, and difficulty in maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a railway subgrade collapse monitoring method and system for achieving real-time monitoring and early warning of the railway subgrade, thereby improving the safety and stability of railway operations.

[0004] The present invention provides a method for monitoring railway subgrade collapse, the method comprising:

[0005] S1. Obtain railway roadbed calibration data and upload it to the database system;

[0006] S2. Set up sensors to collect roadbed data and upload it to the database system to classify and pre-process the data;

[0007] S3. Set monitoring thresholds and monitor the classified data in real time through the monitoring system;

[0008] S4. Compare the monitoring data with the threshold value and issue a warning or alarm based on the comparison result.

[0009] Furthermore, a railway subgrade collapse monitoring method is provided, wherein the railway subgrade calibration data is obtained and uploaded to a database system, comprising:

[0010] S11. Use a measuring tool to measure the position and shape of the roadbed when it is not subjected to external forces to obtain the initial position and shape information of the roadbed, and use it as the reference displacement value S b ;

[0011] S12. Before and / or during the construction of the roadbed, install strain gauges and thermometers at different locations on the roadbed, calibrate the strain gauges and thermometers, and obtain the reference strain value Y b and the reference temperature T b ;

[0012] S13. Obtain the ambient temperature t0 and humidity information w0 during the calibration value test.

[0013] Furthermore, a railway roadbed collapse monitoring method is characterized in that sensors are provided to collect roadbed data and upload the data to a database system, and the data is classified and pre-processed; including:

[0014] S21. Set up multiple sets of sensors to collect roadbed data, each set of sensors including an acceleration sensor, a strain sensor, and a temperature sensor; the sensors are installed in the center and / or on both sides of the railway roadbed, with each set of sensors spaced 46±4 meters apart; and shielding is provided between different sensors;

[0015] S22, numbering the sensor and uploading the number, road section information and location information to the database system;

[0016] S23, obtaining data collected by the sensor and uploading it to the database system; the data includes the displacement S, strain value Y and temperature T of the roadbed;

[0017] S24, preprocessing the data, wherein the preprocessing includes cleaning the data and deleting duplicate data;

[0018] S25. Access meteorological data to obtain ambient temperature information t and ambient humidity information w of the monitoring point.

[0019] Furthermore, a railway subgrade collapse monitoring method is provided, wherein the monitoring threshold is set and the classified data is monitored in real time by a monitoring system, including:

[0020] S31, classifying the data according to the locations of monitoring points and road sections, and sorting them by sensor type and collection time sequence;

[0021] S32, set monitoring thresholds to monitor the roadbed data in real time; the thresholds include roadbed displacement threshold S Y , roadbed strain threshold Y Y , roadbed temperature threshold T Y and the integrated threshold Z Y ;

[0022] Among them, a section of roadbed is randomly selected to set the monitoring threshold, and the mean and standard deviation of the historical data running within the safety range of this section are obtained. The mean includes the displacement mean of the roadbed. Strain value and temperature The standard deviation includes σ S ; σ Y ; σ T ; The roadbed displacement threshold of this section The roadbed displacement threshold of this section The roadbed temperature threshold for this section is

[0023] Comprehensive value Z = α × S + β × Y + η × T, the comprehensive threshold is Z Y =α×S Y +β×Y Y +η×T Y ,where α, β, and η are weight coefficients, ranging from 0.01 to 0.5, and vary according to the importance and accuracy of the monitoring indicators;

[0024] S33. The monitoring system monitors the roadbed data of different sections in real time according to the classification information, and generates a time-varying control curve to display to the backend terminal.

[0025] Furthermore, a railway subgrade collapse monitoring method is provided, wherein the monitoring data is compared with a threshold value, and an early warning or alarm is issued according to the comparison result, including:

[0026] S41, when (SS b ) / S b 、(YY b ) / Y b , (TT b ) / T b and any value of Z reaches the corresponding When the control threshold is reached, an early warning is sent to the back-end terminal; where L is the length of a certain section of roadbed, is the average length of all roadbeds;

[0027] S42: The backend terminal checks and repairs according to the warning; the system obtains the repair records and content;

[0028] S43. Reset the calibration value and control threshold after refurbishment.

[0029] The present invention provides a railway subgrade collapse monitoring system, the system comprising:

[0030] Calibration data acquisition module: obtains railway roadbed calibration data and uploads it to the database system;

[0031] Monitoring data acquisition module: Set up sensors, collect roadbed data through sensors and upload it to the database system, classify and pre-process the data;

[0032] Threshold setting module: sets monitoring thresholds and monitors classified data in real time through the monitoring system;

[0033] Early warning module: compares the monitoring data with the threshold and issues early warning or alarm based on the comparison results.

[0034] Furthermore, in a railway subgrade collapse monitoring system, the calibration data acquisition module includes:

[0035] Reference displacement acquisition module: Use the measuring tool to measure the position and shape of the roadbed when it is not subjected to external forces to obtain the initial position and shape information of the roadbed, and use it as the reference displacement value S b ;

[0036] Reference strain and temperature acquisition module: Before and / or during the construction of the roadbed, strain gauges and thermometers are installed at different locations on the roadbed, and the strain gauges and thermometers are calibrated to obtain the reference strain value Y b and the reference temperature T b ;

[0037] Ambient temperature and humidity acquisition module: obtains the ambient temperature t0 and humidity information w0 during calibration value testing.

[0038] Furthermore, in a railway subgrade collapse monitoring system, the monitoring data acquisition module includes:

[0039] Sensor setting module: Set up multiple groups of sensors to collect roadbed data. Each group of sensors includes an acceleration sensor, a strain sensor, and a temperature sensor. The sensors are installed in the center and / or on both sides of the railway roadbed. The interval between each group of sensors is 46±4 meters. Shielding is set between different sensors.

[0040] Sensor information upload module: number the sensor and upload the number, road section information and location information to the database system;

[0041] Data acquisition module: obtains data collected by sensors and uploads it to the database system; the data includes displacement S, strain value Y and temperature T of the roadbed;

[0042] Data preprocessing module: preprocesses the data, including cleaning the data and deleting duplicate data;

[0043] Meteorological data access module: access meteorological data and obtain the ambient temperature information t and ambient humidity information w of the monitoring point.

[0044] Furthermore, a railway subsidence monitoring system is provided, wherein the threshold setting module comprises:

[0045] Classify the data according to the location of monitoring points and road sections, and sort them by sensor type and collection time sequence;

[0046] Set monitoring thresholds to monitor the roadbed data in real time; the thresholds include the roadbed displacement threshold S Y , roadbed strain threshold Y Y , roadbed temperature threshold T Y and the integrated threshold Z Y ;

[0047] Among them, a section of roadbed is randomly selected to set the monitoring threshold, and the mean and standard deviation of the historical data running within the safety range of this section are obtained. The mean includes the displacement mean of the roadbed. Strain value and temperature The standard deviation includes σ S ; σ Y ; σ T ; The roadbed displacement threshold of this section The roadbed displacement threshold of this section The roadbed temperature threshold for this section is

[0048] Comprehensive value Z = α × (SS b ) / S b +β×(YY b ) / Y b +η×(TT b ) / T b , the comprehensive threshold is Z Y =α×S Y +β×Y Y +η×T Y ,where α, β, and η are weight coefficients, ranging from 0.01 to 0.5, and vary according to the importance and accuracy of the monitoring indicators;

[0049] The monitoring system monitors the roadbed data of different sections in real time according to the classification information, and generates time-varying control curves to display to the background terminal.

[0050] Furthermore, in a railway subgrade collapse monitoring system, the early warning module includes:

[0051] Warning sending module: When (SS b ) / S b 、(YY b ) / Y b , (TT b ) / T b and any value of Z reaches the corresponding When the control threshold is reached, an early warning is sent to the back-end terminal; where L is the length of a certain section of roadbed, is the average length of all roadbeds;

[0052] Check and repair module: The backend terminal checks and repairs according to the early warning; the system obtains the repair records and content;

[0053] Reset module: Reset calibration values ​​and control thresholds after refurbishment.

[0054] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The method of the present invention is a railway roadbed collapse monitoring method and system, which obtains calibrated roadbed data, uses sensors to collect railway roadbed data, and realizes data classification and preprocessing. By collecting historical normal operation data and combining the impact of changes in environmental temperature and humidity on the threshold, the monitoring threshold is dynamically set, and according to the monitoring accuracy of different sections and the parameter importance of different indicators, the comprehensive control index is dynamically adjusted to realize real-time and accurate monitoring of the classified data; different early warning thresholds are set according to different roadbed lengths. When the monitoring data reaches the early warning threshold or the control threshold, an early warning or alarm will be issued, which effectively avoids the risk of railway roadbed collapse and improves the safety and stability of railway operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a railway subgrade collapse monitoring method according to the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a railway subsidence monitoring system according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0058] This embodiment provides a railway subgrade collapse monitoring method, the method comprising:

[0059] S1. Obtain railway roadbed calibration data and upload it to the database system;

[0060] S2. Set up sensors to collect roadbed data and upload it to the database system to classify and pre-process the data;

[0061] S3. Set monitoring thresholds and monitor the classified data in real time through the monitoring system;

[0062] S4. Compare the monitoring data with the threshold value and issue a warning or alarm based on the comparison result.

[0063] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: obtain railway roadbed calibration data and upload it to the database system; set up sensors, collect roadbed data through the sensors and upload it to the database system, classify and preprocess the data; set monitoring thresholds, and monitor the classified data in real time through the monitoring system; compare the monitoring data with the thresholds, and issue early warnings or alarms based on the comparison results.

[0064] The effects of the above technical solution are: by obtaining calibrated roadbed data, using sensors to collect railway roadbed data, and realizing data classification and preprocessing, by collecting historical normal operation data, combined with the impact of changes in ambient temperature and humidity on the threshold, dynamically setting the monitoring threshold, and dynamically adjusting the comprehensive control indicators according to the monitoring accuracy of different sections and the parameter importance of different indicators, to achieve real-time and accurate monitoring of the classified data; setting different early warning thresholds according to different roadbed lengths, when the monitoring data reaches the early warning threshold or the control threshold, a warning or alarm will be issued, effectively avoiding the risk of railway roadbed collapse and improving the safety and stability of railway operations.

[0065] This embodiment provides a railway subgrade collapse monitoring method, wherein obtaining railway subgrade calibration data and uploading it to a database system includes:

[0066] S11. Use a measuring tool to measure the position and shape of the roadbed when it is not subjected to external forces to obtain the initial position and shape information of the roadbed, and use it as the reference displacement value S b ; The measuring tool includes a total station;

[0067] S12. Before and / or during the construction of the roadbed, install strain gauges and thermometers at different locations on the roadbed, calibrate the strain gauges and thermometers, and obtain the reference strain value Y b and the reference temperature T b ; Take multiple measurements at the same location and calculate the average value to obtain the reference strain value and temperature value at that location; take the weighted average of the stress and temperature at different locations on the same road section to obtain the calibration value of stress and temperature;

[0068] S13. Obtain the ambient temperature t0 and humidity information w0 during the calibration value test.

[0069] The working principle of the above technical solution is: the position and shape of the roadbed when not subjected to external force are measured by measuring tools to obtain the initial position and shape information of the roadbed, and use it as the reference displacement value S b The measuring tool includes a total station; before the roadbed is built and / or during the construction process, strain gauges and thermometers are installed at different locations on the roadbed, and the strain gauges and thermometers are calibrated to obtain the reference strain value Y b and the reference temperature T b ; Take multiple measurements at the same location and calculate the average value to obtain the baseline strain value and temperature value at that location; take the weighted average of the stress and temperature at different locations on the same road section to obtain the calibration value of stress and temperature; obtain the ambient temperature t0 and humidity information w0 during the calibration value test.

[0070] The above technical solution achieves the following results: The position and morphology of the roadbed are measured using measurement tools to obtain the initial position and morphology of the roadbed as baseline information. This information can then be compared with the baseline to promptly detect any subgrade collapse or deformation, enabling timely and effective repair and reinforcement measures. The strain and temperature of the roadbed are accurately measured using measurement tools such as total stations, strain gauges, and thermometers. These gauges are calibrated to obtain baseline strain and temperature values, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results. Multiple measurements at the same location and averaging them eliminate random errors. A weighted average is used to obtain calibrated stress and temperature values, more accurately reflecting stress and temperature conditions at different locations along the road section. This method also considers ambient temperature and humidity during testing, effectively eliminating the influence of environmental factors on measurement results and improving monitoring accuracy and stability. In summary, this railway roadbed collapse monitoring method offers the advantages of simple operation, high measurement accuracy, and strong real-time performance, effectively ensuring the safety and stability of railway transportation.

[0071] This embodiment provides a method for monitoring railway roadbed collapse, which includes setting sensors, collecting roadbed data through the sensors and uploading the data to a database system, and classifying and preprocessing the data; and

[0072] S21. Arrange multiple sets of sensors to collect roadbed data, each set of sensors including an acceleration sensor, a strain sensor, and a temperature sensor; the sensors are installed in the center and / or on both sides of the railway roadbed, and shielding is provided between different sensors, the shielding including a metal shielding cover; and the spacing between each set of sensors is 46±4 meters;

[0073] S22, numbering the sensor and uploading the number, road section information and location information to the database system;

[0074] S23, obtaining data collected by the sensor and uploading it to the database system; the data includes the displacement S, strain value Y and temperature T of the roadbed;

[0075] S24, preprocessing the data, wherein the preprocessing includes cleaning the data and deleting duplicate data;

[0076] S25. Access meteorological data to obtain ambient temperature information t and ambient humidity information w of the monitoring point.

[0077] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: multiple groups of sensors are set up to collect roadbed data, each group of sensors includes an acceleration sensor, a strain sensor, and a temperature sensor; the sensors are installed in the center and / or on both sides of the railway roadbed, and shielding is set between different sensors, and the shielding includes a metal shielding cover; the interval between each group of sensors is 46±4 meters; the sensors are numbered, and the numbers, section information and location information are uploaded to the database system; the data collected by the sensors are obtained and uploaded to the database system; the data includes the displacement S, strain value Y and temperature T of the roadbed; the data is preprocessed, and the preprocessing includes data cleaning and deleting duplicate data; meteorological data is accessed to obtain the ambient temperature information t and ambient humidity information w of the monitoring point.

[0078] The above technical solution has the following advantages: by setting up multiple sets of sensors to collect data, it is possible to monitor roadbed changes from multiple directions and angles, facilitating the timely detection of roadbed collapse and deformation, thereby enabling timely and effective repair and reinforcement measures. The use of multiple sensors, including accelerometers, strain sensors, and temperature sensors, enables precise measurement of roadbed displacement, strain, and temperature, improving monitoring accuracy and reliability. Furthermore, the provision of shielding covers between each set of sensors effectively eliminates interference and signal overlap, ensuring data accuracy. By numbering the sensors and uploading their numbers, road section information, and location information to a database system, monitoring data can be easily managed and queried, improving management efficiency and accuracy. Acquiring sensor data and uploading it to the database system enables real-time data processing and management. Data pre-processing measures, such as data cleaning and deduplication, improve data quality and reliability. Furthermore, by accessing meteorological data and obtaining ambient temperature and humidity information at the monitoring points, more accurate analysis and judgment of the monitoring data can be performed. In short, this railway subgrade collapse monitoring method has the advantages of wide monitoring range, high monitoring accuracy, and convenient data management, and can effectively ensure the safety and stability of railway transportation.

[0079] This embodiment provides a railway subgrade collapse monitoring method, wherein the monitoring threshold is set and the classified data is monitored in real time by a monitoring system, including:

[0080] S31, classifying the data according to the locations of monitoring points and road sections, and sorting them by sensor type and collection time sequence;

[0081] S32, set monitoring thresholds to monitor the roadbed data in real time; the thresholds include roadbed displacement threshold S Y , roadbed strain threshold Y Y , roadbed temperature threshold T Y and the integrated threshold Z Y ;

[0082] Among them, a section of roadbed is randomly selected to set the monitoring threshold, and the mean and standard deviation of the historical data running within the safety range of this section are obtained. The mean includes the displacement mean of the roadbed. Strain value and temperature The standard deviation includes σ S ; σ Y ; σ T ; The roadbed displacement threshold of this section The roadbed displacement threshold of this section The roadbed temperature threshold for this section is The historical data can be one month, three months, six months, etc. The threshold setting method for other roadbed sections is the same as this method;

[0083] Comprehensive value Z = α × (SS b ) / S b +β×(YY b ) / Y b +η×(TT b ) / T b , the comprehensive threshold is Z Y =α×S Y +β×Y Y +η×T Y , where α, β, and η are weight coefficients ranging from 0.01 to 0.5, and vary according to the importance and accuracy of the monitoring indicators. For example, the displacement, strain, and temperature monitoring indicators of a certain section of railway subgrade have importance factors of 0.4, 0.3, and 0.3, respectively, and monitoring accuracy factors of 0.6, 0.4, and 0.3, then α = 0.4 × 0.6 = 0.3; β = 0.3 × 0.4 = 0.12; η = 0.3 × 0.3 = 0.09;

[0084] S33: The monitoring system monitors the roadbed data of different sections in real time based on the classified information, and generates a control curve that changes over time and displays it to the backend terminal. The roadbed data includes: roadbed displacement, roadbed strain, roadbed temperature, and comprehensive value.

[0085] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: data is classified according to the location of monitoring points and road sections, and sorted by sensor type and acquisition time; monitoring thresholds are set to monitor the roadbed data in real time; the thresholds include roadbed displacement thresholds, roadbed strain thresholds, roadbed temperature thresholds and comprehensive thresholds; the monitoring system monitors the roadbed data of different sections in real time based on the classification information, and generates control curves that change over time and display them to the background terminal.

[0086] The above technical solution improves the classification and sorting of monitoring data, making data processing more efficient and accurate, and facilitating subsequent analysis and processing. By setting monitoring thresholds, key indicators such as roadbed displacement, strain, and temperature can be monitored in real time, allowing for timely detection of anomalies and the implementation of appropriate measures, effectively reducing the risk of roadbed collapse. Historical data is used to obtain the parameter distribution during safe operation. The threshold variation coefficient is set based on the mean and standard deviation, combined with a comparison of the temperature and humidity data at the time of the meteorological data and the ambient temperature and humidity at the baseline. Temperature fluctuations cause expansion and contraction of railway roadbed materials, leading to deformation and displacement. These factors can affect the stability of the railway roadbed, so the threshold setting should be adjusted according to changing environmental conditions. Generally speaking, when the temperature rises, the roadbed material expands, causing it to rise; when the temperature drops, the roadbed material contracts, causing it to sink. When the temperature rises, the threshold can be appropriately raised to avoid false alarms; when the temperature drops, the threshold can be appropriately lowered to improve monitoring accuracy. Similarly, changes in humidity can cause expansion and contraction of railway roadbed materials, also affecting the stability of the roadbed soil. Generally speaking, when humidity rises, soil becomes softer and more prone to collapse; when humidity drops, soil dries out, prone to cracking and fissures. Therefore, when monitoring railway subgrades, threshold settings need to be determined based on the magnitude and direction of humidity fluctuations. For example, when humidity rises, the threshold can be appropriately raised to avoid false alarms; when humidity drops, the threshold can be appropriately lowered to improve monitoring accuracy. The control threshold is appropriately increased when the temperature is high. This threshold setting not only considers historical values ​​and standard deviations, but also the impact of temperature and humidity fluctuations on the threshold. Dynamically adjusting the control threshold based on temperature and humidity changes can improve monitoring accuracy. Furthermore, this method uses a comprehensive threshold to comprehensively consider monitoring data from different indicators, taking into account the importance and measurement accuracy of each indicator in different sections. This provides a more comprehensive picture of subgrade conditions and improves monitoring accuracy and reliability. By real-time monitoring and generating time-varying control curves, the subgrade's status and trends can be promptly understood, providing decision support and early warning alerts, effectively safeguarding railway transportation safety. In conclusion, this railway subgrade collapse monitoring method has the characteristics of real-time, high accuracy and reliability, and can effectively ensure the safe operation of railways.

[0087] This embodiment provides a method for monitoring railway subgrade collapse, wherein the method compares monitoring data with a threshold value and issues an early warning or alarm based on the comparison result, including:

[0088] S41, when or Send an early warning to the back-end terminal when L is the length of a certain roadbed. is the average length of all roadbeds;

[0089] S42: The backend terminal checks and repairs according to the warning; the system obtains the repair records and content;

[0090] S43. Reset the calibration value and control threshold after refurbishment.

[0091] The working principle of the above technical solution is: when (SS b ) / S b 、(YY b ) / Y b , (TT b ) / T b and any value of Z reaches the corresponding When the control threshold is reached, an early warning is sent to the back-end terminal; where L is the length of a certain section of roadbed, The average length of all roadbeds; the back-end terminal checks and repairs according to the early warning; the system obtains the repair records and content; after the repair, the calibration value and control threshold are reset.

[0092] The effect of the above technical solution is: this railway roadbed collapse monitoring method can timely detect abnormal changes in the displacement, strain, temperature and comprehensive values ​​of the roadbed, set an early warning threshold, and issue an early warning before any of these values ​​reaches the control threshold. The early warning threshold is dynamically set according to the length of the roadbed. Long sections have more and / or larger changes, and the early warning threshold is set smaller, which is more conducive to early warning. The system will automatically send an early warning to the background terminal; this can avoid serious collapse or damage to the roadbed, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of railway transportation; through the inspection and renovation of the background terminal, maintenance and renovation can be carried out in time, and the renovation records can be recorded so that prevention and treatment can be carried out more effectively in future maintenance; after the renovation is completed, the system can reset the calibration value and control threshold to ensure the precision and accuracy of the monitoring method, further improving the safety and stability of the railway roadbed; in summary, this railway roadbed collapse monitoring method is fast, accurate and timely, and can effectively monitor and warn of abnormal changes in the roadbed, ensuring the safety and stability of railway transportation.

[0093] This embodiment provides a railway subgrade collapse monitoring system, the system comprising:

[0094] Calibration data acquisition module: obtains railway roadbed calibration data and uploads it to the database system;

[0095] Monitoring data acquisition module: Set up sensors, collect roadbed data through sensors and upload it to the database system, classify and pre-process the data;

[0096] Threshold setting module: sets monitoring thresholds and monitors classified data in real time through the monitoring system;

[0097] Early warning module: compares the monitoring data with the threshold and issues early warning or alarm based on the comparison results.

[0098] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: obtain railway roadbed calibration data and upload it to the database system; set up sensors, collect roadbed data through the sensors and upload it to the database system, classify and preprocess the data; set monitoring thresholds, and monitor the classified data in real time through the monitoring system; compare the monitoring data with the thresholds, and issue early warnings or alarms based on the comparison results.

[0099] The effects of the above technical solution are: by obtaining calibrated roadbed data, using sensors to collect railway roadbed data, and realizing data classification and preprocessing, by collecting historical normal operation data, combined with the impact of changes in ambient temperature and humidity on the threshold, dynamically setting the monitoring threshold, and dynamically adjusting the comprehensive control indicators according to the monitoring accuracy of different sections and the parameter importance of different indicators, to achieve real-time and accurate monitoring of the classified data; setting different early warning thresholds according to different roadbed lengths, when the monitoring data reaches the early warning threshold or the control threshold, a warning or alarm will be issued, effectively avoiding the risk of railway roadbed collapse and improving the safety and stability of railway operations.

[0100] In this embodiment, a railway subgrade collapse monitoring system is provided, wherein the calibration data acquisition module includes:

[0101] Reference displacement acquisition module: Use the measuring tool to measure the position and shape of the roadbed when it is not subjected to external forces to obtain the initial position and shape information of the roadbed, and use it as the reference displacement value S b ;

[0102] Reference strain and temperature acquisition module: Before and / or during the construction of the roadbed, strain gauges and thermometers are installed at different locations on the roadbed, and the strain gauges and thermometers are calibrated to obtain the reference strain value Y b and the reference temperature T b ; Take multiple measurements at the same location and calculate the average value to obtain the reference strain value and temperature value at that location; take the weighted average of the stress and temperature at different locations on the same road section to obtain the calibration value of stress and temperature;

[0103] Ambient temperature and humidity acquisition module: obtains the ambient temperature t0 and humidity information w0 during calibration value testing.

[0104] The working principle of the above technical solution is: the position and shape of the roadbed when not subjected to external force are measured by measuring tools to obtain the initial position and shape information of the roadbed, and use it as the reference displacement value S bThe measuring tool includes a total station; before the roadbed is built and / or during the construction process, strain gauges and thermometers are installed at different locations on the roadbed, and the strain gauges and thermometers are calibrated to obtain the reference strain value Y b and the reference temperature T b ; Take multiple measurements at the same location and calculate the average value to obtain the baseline strain value and temperature value at that location; take the weighted average of the stress and temperature at different locations on the same road section to obtain the calibration value of stress and temperature; obtain the ambient temperature t0 and humidity information w0 during the calibration value test.

[0105] The above technical solution achieves the following results: The position and morphology of the roadbed are measured using measurement tools to obtain the initial position and morphology of the roadbed as baseline information. This information can then be compared with the baseline to promptly detect any subgrade collapse or deformation, enabling timely and effective repair and reinforcement measures. The strain and temperature of the roadbed are accurately measured using measurement tools such as total stations, strain gauges, and thermometers. These gauges are calibrated to obtain baseline strain and temperature values, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results. Multiple measurements at the same location and averaging them eliminate random errors. A weighted average is used to obtain calibrated stress and temperature values, more accurately reflecting stress and temperature conditions at different locations along the road section. This method also considers ambient temperature and humidity during testing, effectively eliminating the influence of environmental factors on measurement results and improving monitoring accuracy and stability. In summary, this railway roadbed collapse monitoring method offers the advantages of simple operation, high measurement accuracy, and strong real-time performance, effectively ensuring the safety and stability of railway transportation.

[0106] This embodiment provides a railway subgrade collapse monitoring system, wherein the monitoring data acquisition module includes:

[0107] Sensor setup module: Multiple sensor groups are set up to collect roadbed data. Each sensor group includes an acceleration sensor, a strain sensor, and a temperature sensor. The sensors are installed in the center and / or on both sides of the railway roadbed, with the spacing between each sensor group being 46±4 meters. Shielding is provided between different sensors, and the shielding includes a metal shielding cover.

[0108] Sensor information upload module: number the sensor and upload the number, road section information and location information to the database system;

[0109] Data acquisition module: obtains data collected by sensors and uploads it to the database system; the data includes displacement S, strain value Y and temperature T of the roadbed;

[0110] Data preprocessing module: preprocesses the data, including cleaning the data and deleting duplicate data;

[0111] Meteorological data access module: access meteorological data and obtain the ambient temperature information t and ambient humidity information w of the monitoring point.

[0112] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: multiple groups of sensors are set up to collect roadbed data, each group of sensors includes an acceleration sensor, a strain sensor, and a temperature sensor; the sensors are installed in the center and / or on both sides of the railway roadbed, and shielding is set between different sensors, and the shielding includes a metal shielding cover; the interval between each group of sensors is 46±4 meters; the sensors are numbered, and the numbers, section information and location information are uploaded to the database system; the data collected by the sensors are obtained and uploaded to the database system; the data includes the displacement S, strain value Y and temperature T of the roadbed; the data is preprocessed, and the preprocessing includes data cleaning and deleting duplicate data; meteorological data is accessed to obtain the ambient temperature information t and ambient humidity information w of the monitoring point.

[0113] The above technical solution has the following advantages: by setting up multiple sets of sensors to collect data, it is possible to monitor roadbed changes from multiple directions and angles, facilitating the timely detection of roadbed collapse and deformation, thereby enabling timely and effective repair and reinforcement measures. The use of multiple sensors, including accelerometers, strain sensors, and temperature sensors, enables precise measurement of roadbed displacement, strain, and temperature, improving monitoring accuracy and reliability. Furthermore, the provision of shielding covers between each set of sensors effectively eliminates interference and signal overlap, ensuring data accuracy. By numbering the sensors and uploading their numbers, road section information, and location information to a database system, monitoring data can be easily managed and queried, improving management efficiency and accuracy. Acquiring sensor data and uploading it to the database system enables real-time data processing and management. Data pre-processing measures, such as data cleaning and deduplication, improve data quality and reliability. Furthermore, by accessing meteorological data and obtaining ambient temperature and humidity information at the monitoring points, more accurate analysis and judgment of the monitoring data can be performed. In short, this railway subgrade collapse monitoring method has the advantages of wide monitoring range, high monitoring accuracy, and convenient data management, and can effectively ensure the safety and stability of railway transportation.

[0114] In this embodiment, a railway subgrade collapse monitoring system is provided, wherein the threshold setting module includes:

[0115] Classify the data according to the location of monitoring points and road sections, and sort them by sensor type and collection time sequence;

[0116] Set monitoring thresholds to monitor the roadbed data in real time; the thresholds include the roadbed displacement threshold S Y , roadbed strain threshold Y Y , roadbed temperature threshold T Yand the integrated threshold Z Y ;

[0117] Among them, a section of roadbed is randomly selected to set the monitoring threshold, and the mean and standard deviation of the historical data running within the safety range of this section are obtained. The mean includes the displacement mean of the roadbed. Strain value and temperature The standard deviation includes σ S ; σ Y ; σ T ; The roadbed displacement threshold of this section The roadbed displacement threshold of this section The roadbed temperature threshold for this section is The threshold setting method for other roadbed sections is the same as this method;

[0118] Comprehensive value Z = α × (SS b ) / S b +β×(YY b ) / Y b +η×(TT b ) / T b , the comprehensive threshold is Z Y =α×S Y +β×Y Y +η×T Y , where α, β, and η are weight coefficients ranging from 0.01 to 0.5, and vary according to the importance and accuracy of the monitoring indicators. For example, the displacement, strain, and temperature monitoring indicators of a certain section of railway subgrade have importance factors of 0.4, 0.3, and 0.3, respectively, and monitoring accuracy factors of 0.6, 0.4, and 0.3, then α = 0.4 × 0.6 = 0.3; β = 0.3 × 0.4 = 0.12; η = 0.3 × 0.3 = 0.09;

[0119] The monitoring system monitors the roadbed data of different sections in real time based on the classified information and generates a time-varying control curve to display to the backend terminal. The roadbed data includes: roadbed displacement, roadbed strain, roadbed temperature and comprehensive value.

[0120] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: data is classified according to the location of monitoring points and road sections, and sorted by sensor type and acquisition time; monitoring thresholds are set to monitor the roadbed data in real time; the thresholds include roadbed displacement thresholds, roadbed strain thresholds, roadbed temperature thresholds and comprehensive thresholds; the monitoring system monitors the roadbed data of different sections in real time based on the classification information, and generates control curves that change over time and display them to the background terminal.

[0121] The above technical solution improves the classification and sorting of monitoring data, making data processing more efficient and accurate, and facilitating subsequent analysis and processing. By setting monitoring thresholds, key indicators such as roadbed displacement, strain, and temperature can be monitored in real time, allowing for timely detection of anomalies and the implementation of appropriate measures, effectively reducing the risk of roadbed collapse. Historical data is used to obtain the parameter distribution during safe operation. The threshold variation coefficient is set based on the mean and standard deviation, combined with a comparison of the temperature and humidity data at the time of the meteorological data and the ambient temperature and humidity at the baseline. Temperature fluctuations cause expansion and contraction of railway roadbed materials, leading to deformation and displacement. These factors can affect the stability of the railway roadbed, so the threshold setting should be adjusted according to changing environmental conditions. Generally speaking, when the temperature rises, the roadbed material expands, causing it to rise; when the temperature drops, the roadbed material contracts, causing it to sink. When the temperature rises, the threshold can be appropriately raised to avoid false alarms; when the temperature drops, the threshold can be appropriately lowered to improve monitoring accuracy. Similarly, changes in humidity can cause expansion and contraction of railway roadbed materials, also affecting the stability of the roadbed soil. Generally speaking, when humidity increases, soil becomes softer and more prone to collapse; when humidity decreases, soil becomes drier, more prone to cracking and fissures. Therefore, when monitoring railway subgrades, threshold settings need to be determined based on the magnitude and direction of humidity fluctuations. For example, when humidity increases, the threshold can be appropriately raised to avoid false alarms; when humidity decreases, the threshold can be appropriately lowered to improve monitoring accuracy. The control threshold is appropriately increased when the temperature is high. This threshold setting not only considers historical values ​​and standard deviations, but also the impact of temperature and humidity fluctuations on the threshold. Dynamically adjusting the control threshold based on temperature and humidity changes can improve monitoring accuracy. Furthermore, this method uses a comprehensive threshold, which comprehensively considers monitoring data from different indicators to more comprehensively reflect the subgrade condition, improving monitoring accuracy and reliability. By real-time monitoring and generating time-varying control curves, the subgrade status and trends can be promptly understood, providing decision support and early warning alerts, and effectively safeguarding railway transportation safety. In summary, this railway subgrade collapse monitoring method boasts high real-time performance, accuracy, and reliability, effectively ensuring safe railway operations.

[0122] This embodiment provides a railway subgrade collapse monitoring system, wherein the early warning module includes:

[0123] Warning sending module: When or Send an early warning to the back-end terminal when L is the length of a certain roadbed. is the average length of all roadbeds;

[0124] Check and repair module: The backend terminal checks and repairs according to the early warning; the system obtains the repair records and content;

[0125] Reset module: Reset calibration values ​​and control thresholds after refurbishment.

[0126] The working principle of the above technical solution is: when (SS b ) / S b 、(YY b ) / Y b , (TT b ) / T b and any value of Z reaches the corresponding When the control threshold is reached, an early warning is sent to the back-end terminal; where L is the length of a certain section of roadbed, The average length of all roadbeds; the back-end terminal checks and repairs according to the early warning; the system obtains the repair records and content; after the repair, the calibration value and control threshold are reset.

[0127] The effect of the above technical solution is: this railway roadbed collapse monitoring method can timely detect abnormal changes in the displacement, strain, temperature and comprehensive values ​​of the roadbed, set an early warning threshold, and issue an early warning before any of these values ​​reaches the control threshold. The early warning threshold is dynamically set according to the length of the roadbed. Long sections have more and / or larger changes, and the early warning threshold is set smaller, which is more conducive to early warning. The system will automatically send an early warning to the background terminal; this can avoid serious collapse or damage to the roadbed, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of railway transportation; through the inspection and renovation of the background terminal, maintenance and renovation can be carried out in time, and the renovation records can be recorded so that prevention and treatment can be carried out more effectively in future maintenance; after the renovation is completed, the system can reset the calibration value and control threshold to ensure the precision and accuracy of the monitoring method, further improving the safety and stability of the railway roadbed; in summary, this railway roadbed collapse monitoring method is fast, accurate and timely, and can effectively monitor and warn of abnormal changes in the roadbed, ensuring the safety and stability of railway transportation.

[0128] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A railway subsidence monitoring method, characterized in that: The method comprises: S1. Obtain railway roadbed calibration data and upload it to the database system; S2. Set up sensors to collect roadbed data and upload it to the database system to classify and pre-process the data; S3. Set monitoring thresholds and monitor the classified data in real time through the monitoring system; S4. Compare the monitoring data with the threshold value and issue an early warning or alarm based on the comparison result; Setting the monitoring threshold and performing real-time monitoring of the classified data through the monitoring system includes: S31, classifying the data according to the locations of monitoring points and road sections, and sorting them by sensor type and collection time sequence; S32, set monitoring thresholds to monitor the roadbed data in real time; the thresholds include roadbed displacement thresholds , roadbed strain threshold , roadbed temperature threshold and comprehensive threshold ; Among them, a section of roadbed is randomly selected to set the monitoring threshold, and the mean and standard deviation of the historical data running within the safety range of this section are obtained. The mean includes the displacement mean of the roadbed. , strain value and temperature ; The standard deviation includes ; ; ;Then the roadbed displacement threshold of this section ; The roadbed displacement threshold of this section ; The roadbed temperature threshold for this section is = ; Comprehensive value Z= , the comprehensive threshold is ,in, is the weight coefficient, ranging from 0.01 to 0.5, and changes according to the importance and accuracy of the monitoring indicator; Indicates the reference displacement value; Indicates the base strain value; represents the reference temperature value; S represents the real-time data of roadbed displacement collected by the sensor; Y represents the real-time data of roadbed strain value collected by the sensor; T represents the real-time data of roadbed temperature collected by the sensor; t and w represent the current ambient temperature and humidity; and Indicates the ambient temperature and humidity during standard measurement test; S33. The monitoring system monitors the roadbed data of different sections in real time according to the classification information, and generates a time-varying control curve to display to the backend terminal.

2. A railway subgrade collapse monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of obtaining the railway roadbed calibration data and uploading it to the database system includes: S11. Use measuring tools to measure the position and shape of the roadbed when it is not subjected to external forces to obtain the initial position and shape information of the roadbed and use it as the reference displacement value. ; S12. Install strain gauges and thermometers at different locations on the roadbed before and / or during roadbed construction, and calibrate the strain gauges and thermometers to obtain reference strain values. and reference temperature ; S13. Obtain the ambient temperature during calibration test and humidity information .

3. The method for monitoring railway subsidence according to claim 1, wherein: The sensors are set up to collect roadbed data and upload them to the database system to classify and pre-process the data; include: S21. Set up multiple sets of sensors to collect roadbed data, each set of sensors including an acceleration sensor, a strain sensor, and a temperature sensor; the sensors are installed in the center and / or on both sides of the railway roadbed, with each set of sensors spaced 46±4 meters apart; and shielding is provided between different sensors; S22, numbering the sensor and uploading the number, road section information and location information to the database system; S23, obtaining data collected by the sensor and uploading it to the database system; the data includes the displacement S, strain value Y and temperature T of the roadbed; S24, preprocessing the data, wherein the preprocessing includes cleaning the data and deleting duplicate data; S25. Access meteorological data to obtain ambient temperature information t and ambient humidity information w of the monitoring point.

4. The method for monitoring railway subgrade collapse according to claim 1, wherein: The comparison of the monitoring data with the threshold value and issuing an early warning or alarm according to the comparison result includes: S41, when (S- 、(Y- 、(T- or Z Send an early warning to the back-end terminal when L is the length of a certain section of roadbed. is the average length of all roadbeds; S42: The backend terminal checks and repairs according to the warning; the system obtains the repair records and content; S43. Reset the calibration value and control threshold after refurbishment.

5. A railway subsidence monitoring system, characterized in that: The system comprises: Calibration data acquisition module: obtains railway roadbed calibration data and uploads it to the database system; Monitoring data acquisition module: Set up sensors, collect roadbed data through sensors and upload it to the database system, classify and pre-process the data; Threshold setting module: sets monitoring thresholds and monitors classified data in real time through the monitoring system; Early warning module: compares the monitoring data with the threshold value and issues early warning or alarm based on the comparison result; The threshold setting module includes: Classify the data according to the location of monitoring points and road sections, and sort them by sensor type and collection time sequence; Set monitoring thresholds to monitor roadbed data in real time; the thresholds include roadbed displacement thresholds , roadbed strain threshold , roadbed temperature threshold and comprehensive threshold ; Among them, a section of roadbed is randomly selected to set the monitoring threshold, and the mean and standard deviation of the historical data running within the safety range of this section are obtained. The mean includes the displacement mean of the roadbed. , strain value and temperature ; The standard deviation includes ; ; ;Then the roadbed displacement threshold of this section ; The roadbed displacement threshold of this section ; The roadbed temperature threshold for this section is = ; Comprehensive value Z= , the comprehensive threshold is ,in, is the weight coefficient, ranging from 0.01 to 0.5, and changes according to the importance and accuracy of the monitoring indicator; Indicates the reference displacement value; Indicates the base strain value; represents the reference temperature value; S represents the real-time data of roadbed displacement collected by the sensor; Y represents the real-time data of roadbed strain value collected by the sensor; T represents the real-time data of roadbed temperature collected by the sensor; t and w represent the current ambient temperature and humidity; and Indicates the ambient temperature and humidity during standard measurement test; The monitoring system monitors the roadbed data of different sections in real time according to the classification information, and generates time-varying control curves to display to the background terminal.

6. A railway subsidence monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calibration data acquisition module includes: Benchmark displacement acquisition module: Use measurement tools to measure the position and shape of the roadbed when it is not subjected to external forces to obtain the initial position and shape information of the roadbed and use it as the benchmark displacement value ; Reference strain and temperature acquisition module: Before and / or during roadbed construction, strain gauges and thermometers are installed at different locations on the roadbed, and the strain gauges and thermometers are calibrated to obtain reference strain values. and reference temperature ; Ambient temperature and humidity acquisition module: obtains the ambient temperature during calibration test and humidity information .

7. The railway subsidence monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The monitoring data acquisition module includes: Sensor setting module: Set up multiple groups of sensors to collect roadbed data. Each group of sensors includes an acceleration sensor, a strain sensor, and a temperature sensor. The sensors are installed in the center and / or on both sides of the railway roadbed. The interval between each group of sensors is 46±4 meters. Shielding is set between different sensors. Sensor information upload module: number the sensor and upload the number, road section information and location information to the database system; Data acquisition module: obtains data collected by sensors and uploads it to the database system; the data includes displacement S, strain value Y and temperature T of the roadbed; Data preprocessing module: preprocesses the data, including cleaning the data and deleting duplicate data; Meteorological data access module: access meteorological data and obtain the ambient temperature information t and ambient humidity information w of the monitoring point.

8. The railway subsidence monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The early warning module includes: Warning sending module: When (S- 、(Y- 、(T- or Z Send an early warning to the back-end terminal when L is the length of a certain section of roadbed. is the average length of all roadbeds; Check and repair module: The backend terminal checks and repairs according to the early warning; the system obtains the repair records and content; Reset module: Reset calibration values ​​and control thresholds after refurbishment.

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