A hole disc type water brake

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of hydraulic dynamometer, and particularly relates to a hole disc type hydraulic dynamometer, which comprises a support assembly, a shell assembly, a stator assembly, a rotor assembly, a water inlet valve assembly, a water outlet valve assembly, a calibration device and a rotating speed measuring device. The hole disc type hydraulic dynamometer is installed in series through the stator disc and the rotor sheet. After being installed in series, the single rotor has small power absorption density, strong cavitation resistance and small high-speed centrifugal stress. The series installation makes the test power range wide and the allowable rotating speed high, and can well meet the test requirements of heavy gas turbines, aeroengines and other high-power high-speed rotating machines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydraulic dynamometer technology, and more particularly to a perforated disc type hydraulic dynamometer. Background Technology

[0002] With the independent research and development of high-power heavy-duty gas turbines and aero engines, it is necessary to conduct various tests such as product performance development, calibration, matching, simulation, reliability and durability performance, and simulate the power performance test of the engine on the test bench through a power loading device.

[0003] Due to its advantages such as low unit cost, compact size, low inertia, fast transient response, large load absorption, and high power operation, the hydraulic dynamometer has always been an important device for measuring and diagnosing the power performance of heavy-duty gas turbines and aero engines.

[0004] When the hydraulic dynamometer measures the power of the prime mover, the rotor rotates with the prime mover, stirring the water that enters the dynamometer. The water transmits torque to the stator and housing, causing the stator and housing to rotate at a small angle relative to the dynamometer base. This tendency of the stator and housing components to move is resisted by the tension and compression sensor components. The magnitude of the tension (compression) force is measured by the tension and compression sensors, and the power of the prime mover can be obtained by combining the lever arm length and the rotational speed.

[0005] Currently, traditional hydraulic dynamometers in China are constrained by factors such as high-speed cavitation, high-speed centrifugal stress, advanced rotor dynamics, high-speed bearing matching, high-speed bearing lubrication, and high-speed sealing, which cannot adequately meet the development and testing needs of high-power, high-speed, heavy-duty gas turbines and aero engines. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, the present invention proposes a perforated disc type hydraulic dynamometer.

[0007] This invention proposes a perforated disc type hydraulic dynamometer, comprising a support assembly, a housing assembly, a stator assembly, a rotor assembly, an inlet valve assembly, a drain valve assembly, a calibration device, and a speed measuring device, wherein:

[0008] The housing assembly is mounted on the support assembly via a swing bearing and can swing about the horizontal axis.

[0009] The stator assembly includes a stator disk and a drainage guide ring that are fixed in series in the inner cavity of the housing assembly. The stator disk is provided with a stator suction hole, a water inlet channel and a central through hole. The inner cavity of the drainage guide ring forms a drainage channel and the bottom of the drainage guide ring is provided with a drainage hole.

[0010] The rotor assembly includes a rotating shaft and rotor plates and spacer rings that are fixed in series on the rotating shaft at intervals. The rotor plates are installed in the drainage channel one by one. The rotor plates are provided with rotor suction holes. A high-speed contact sealing structure and a high-speed bearing lubrication sealing structure are provided between the rotating shaft and the housing assembly.

[0011] The inlet valve assembly is connected to the inlet on the housing assembly, and the drain valve assembly is connected to the outlet on the housing assembly.

[0012] The calibration device is mounted on the support assembly and connected to both sides of the housing assembly to measure the torque of the housing assembly; the speed measuring device is used to detect the speed of the rotor assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the housing assembly includes an intermediate housing, side housings and bearing housings, with the two side housings respectively locked to both ends of the intermediate housing by threaded fittings, and the two bearing housings respectively locked to the outer ends of the two side housings by threaded fittings.

[0014] Preferably, the stator disk of the stator assembly is provided with a first vent hole extending from its edge to the water inlet channel, and the intermediate housing is provided with a first vent pipe. The first vent pipe extends from the outside of the intermediate housing to the inner cavity of the intermediate housing, and the first vent pipe communicates with the first vent hole on the stator disk. A first micro vacuum balance valve is installed at the outer end of the first vent pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the stator disk is further provided with a second vent hole extending from its edge to both ends of the axial direction, and a second vent pipe is provided on the side housing. The second vent pipe extends from the outside of the side housing to the inner cavity of the middle housing, and the inner end of the second vent pipe is connected to the second vent hole. A second micro vacuum balance valve is installed at the outer end of the second vent pipe.

[0016] Preferably, a cavitation detection rod is installed on each of the two side shells of the housing assembly, and the inner ends of the two cavitation detection rods are located at the two ends of the stator assembly, respectively.

[0017] Preferably, the rotor assembly has a non-circular triangular cam section for mounting rotor plates and spacer rings, and both the rotor plates and spacer rings are provided with non-circular triangular center holes that mate with the non-circular triangular cam section.

[0018] Preferably, the non-circular triangular cam section of the rotating shaft has cylindrical sections at both ends for mounting high-speed contact sealing structures and high-speed bearing lubrication sealing structures.

[0019] Preferably, the rotor assembly has splines at both ends of the shaft, and the shaft is fitted with a coupling via splines and threaded parts.

[0020] Preferably, the high-speed contact sealing structure includes a water-slinging ring and a contact sealing assembly. The rotating sealing seat and the water-slinging ring of the contact sealing assembly are sequentially fitted onto the rotating shaft from the inside to the outside. The rotating sealing seat and the water-slinging ring are axially positioned by a pin connection, and a sealing ring is provided between them. The contact sealing assembly is fixed to the side housing by the outer ring of the fixed sealing seat, and a cooling water hole is provided between the fixed sealing seat and the side housing. A sealing bushing and a spring seat are installed on the inner ring of the fixed sealing seat. The sealing bushing cooperates with the outer ring of the water-slinging ring. A sealing stationary ring is nested on the spring seat. The spring seat abuts against the end face of the rotating sealing seat through the end face of the sealing stationary ring. The fixed sealing seat is also provided with a radial through hole, so that the gap between the outer ring of the rotating sealing seat and the inner ring of the fixed sealing seat communicates with the cooling water hole.

[0021] Preferably, the side housing is provided with a sealed cooling water inlet channel and a sealed water leakage channel. The sealed cooling water inlet channel is connected to the cooling water hole, and the sealed water leakage channel extends from the bottom of the side housing to the outside of the fixed sealing seat.

[0022] Preferably, the high-speed bearing lubrication and sealing structure includes an inner lubricating oil seal, a high-speed bearing, and an outer lubricating oil seal, which are installed sequentially from the inside to the outside between the cylindrical section of the rotating shaft and the bearing housing.

[0023] Preferably, the bearing housing is equipped with an oil injection pipe that extends from the outside of the bearing housing to the space between the lubricating oil outer seal and the high-speed bearing. The side housing is provided with an oil collection groove located outside the lubricating oil inner seal. The bearing housing is provided with an oil return hole. The oil collection groove communicates with the inner side of the lubricating oil outer seal through the oil return hole. The bearing housing is also provided with a lubricating vacuum suction return oil passage that communicates with the oil collection groove.

[0024] Preferably, the inlet valve assembly includes an electro-hydraulic servo-controlled butterfly valve and an inlet flexible pipe. The electro-hydraulic servo-controlled butterfly valve is fixedly mounted on the bracket of the support assembly, and the inlet flexible pipe is connected between the electro-hydraulic servo-controlled butterfly valve and the inlet of the intermediate housing.

[0025] Preferably, the drain valve includes an electro-hydraulic servo-controlled sleeve regulating valve, a drain flexible connecting pipe, and a drain bend. The electro-hydraulic servo-controlled sleeve regulating valve is fixedly installed on the support seat of the support assembly via a mounting flange. The drain flexible connecting pipe is connected to the outlet of the intermediate housing, and the drain bend is connected between the flexible connecting pipe and the electro-hydraulic servo-controlled sleeve regulating valve.

[0026] Preferably, the calibration device includes a force-measuring arm assembly, a pre-tensioning arm assembly, and a calibration arm assembly. The force-measuring arm assembly is mounted on one side of the housing assembly, and the pre-tensioning arm assembly and the calibration arm assembly are mounted on the other side of the housing assembly, wherein:

[0027] The lever arm assembly is equipped with tension and compression sensors to measure the torque applied to the housing assembly;

[0028] The pretensioning arm assembly is equipped with an elastic energy storage component and a length adjustment component. By adjusting the length of the length adjustment component, the elastic energy storage component can apply a pretensioning force to the housing assembly.

[0029] The calibration arm assembly is equipped with a force sensor and an energy storage and adjustment component. The energy storage and adjustment component can be used to adjust the static calibration tension or pressure applied by the calibration arm assembly to the housing assembly.

[0030] Preferably, the speed measuring device includes a speed sensor and a speed measuring gear, the speed measuring gear being coaxially mounted on the rotating shaft in the circumferential direction, and the speed sensor being located on one side of the speed measuring gear.

[0031] In this invention, the orifice-type hydraulic dynamometer is installed in series with stator discs and rotor plates. After being connected in series, the single rotor has a low power absorption density, strong cavitation resistance, and low high-speed centrifugal stress. Furthermore, the series installation allows for a wide test power range and high allowable speed, which can well meet the testing requirements of high-power, high-speed rotating machinery such as heavy-duty gas turbines and aero engines. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the orifice-type hydraulic dynamometer proposed in the embodiment;

[0033] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Right view schematic diagram of the orifice-type hydraulic dynamometer in the middle;

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A left-side view of the orifice-type hydraulic dynamometer in the diagram.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the housing assembly, stator assembly, and rotor assembly in the embodiment;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a side view of the housing assembly in the embodiment;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the stator assembly and rotor assembly in the embodiment;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the stator disk from the front view in the embodiment;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the stator disk in the embodiment;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a rear view of the stator disk in the embodiment;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating shaft in the embodiment;

[0042] Figure 11for Figure 10 Side view of the transfer shaft;

[0043] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the spacer ring in the embodiment;

[0044] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor blades in the embodiment;

[0045] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Cross-sectional view of the rotor blades;

[0046] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the high-speed contact sealing structure in the embodiment;

[0047] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the high-speed bearing lubrication and sealing structure in the embodiment;

[0048] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the calibration device's force arm assembly and preload arm assembly mounted on the dynamometer in the embodiment.

[0049] Figure 18 for Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the pretension arm assembly of the calibration device;

[0050] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the force arm assembly and calibration arm assembly of the calibration device in the embodiment being mounted on the dynamometer.

[0051] Figure 20 for Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the calibration arm assembly of the calibration device;

[0052] Figure 21 This is a front view schematic diagram of the multi-stage series hydraulic dynamometer proposed in the embodiment;

[0053] Figure 22 for Figure 21 A side view of a multi-stage series hydraulic dynamometer in China;

[0054] Figure 23 for Figure 21 A top view of a multi-stage series hydraulic dynamometer. Detailed Implementation

[0055] Please refer to Figure 1-23 As shown, a perforated disc hydraulic dynamometer according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a support assembly 100, a housing assembly 200, a stator assembly 300, a rotor assembly 400, an inlet valve assembly 500, a drain valve assembly 600, a calibration device 700, and a speed measuring device 800. Wherein:

[0056] The housing assembly 200 is mounted on the support assembly 100 and is capable of swinging about the horizontal axis on the support assembly 100. A stator assembly 300 and a rotor assembly 400 are installed inside the housing assembly 200. The two ends of the rotor assembly 410's shaft pass through the housing assembly 200 along its swing axis. A high-speed contact sealing structure and a high-speed bearing lubrication sealing structure are also provided between the rotor assembly 410 and the housing assembly 200. The housing assembly 200 has an inlet 211 and an outlet 212. An inlet valve assembly 500 is connected to the inlet 211, and a drain valve assembly 600 is connected to the outlet 212. A calibration device 700 is mounted on the support assembly 100 and connected to both sides of the housing assembly 200 to measure the torque of the housing assembly 200. A speed measuring device 800 is used to detect the speed of the rotor assembly 400.

[0057] The working principle of this hydraulic dynamometer is as follows: The rotor assembly 400's shaft 410 is connected to the engine under test. When the engine starts, it drives the rotor assembly 400 to rotate. Water flows into the inner cavity of the housing assembly 200 through the inlet 211. The rotor assembly 400 drives the water to be thrown against the inner wall of the housing assembly 200 under centrifugal force. The housing assembly 200 oscillates due to the impact of the water. The water impacts the inner wall of the housing assembly, and its speed is reduced by the frictional resistance of the inner wall, thus losing kinetic energy and converting the absorbed mechanical energy into heat energy, ultimately raising the water temperature. Due to the friction between the water and the inner wall, the oscillation speed of the housing assembly 200 is slower than the rotation speed of the rotor assembly 400. Therefore, the water resists the rotation of the rotor assembly 400, generating a resistance torque. This resistance torque acts directly on the engine through the rotor assembly 400, forming the engine load, or in other words, the water absorbs the engine's power. This load can be controlled by adjusting the inflow and outflow of water. Therefore, the engine's output torque or drive torque can be measured using this hydraulic dynamometer. Combined with the measured rotational speed of the rotor assembly 400, the engine's output power or drive power can be calculated.

[0058] Reference Figure 1-18 The following content will provide a more detailed description of this orifice-type hydraulic dynamometer.

[0059] The support assembly 100 includes a support base 110, a bearing housing 120, and a bracket 130. Two bearing housings 120 are symmetrically fixed on the support base 110. The two bearing housings 120 are used to install and support the housing assembly 200. The bracket 130 is fixed on the support base 110 and is used to install and support the inlet valve assembly 500.

[0060] The housing assembly 200 includes a middle housing 210 and two side housings 220. The two side housings 220 are threadedly connected to the middle housing 210 via threaded fittings. Specifically, the middle housing 210 and the two side housings 220 have circumferential through holes. A locking rod 240 passes through the through holes in the middle housing 210 and the two side housings 220, and locking nuts 250 are threadedly connected to both ends of the locking rod 240 to lock the two side housings 220 to both ends of the middle housing 210. A bearing housing 230 is also fixed to the outer end of each of the two side housings 220 of the housing assembly 200. Specifically, the bearing housing 230 abuts against the outer port of the side housing 220 and the two are threadedly connected via threaded fittings. A sealing ring 231 is also provided between the bearing housing 230 and the outer port of the side housing 220. The housing assembly 200 is structurally designed for easy disassembly and assembly via threaded connections. During installation, the two bearing housings 230 are mounted on the two bearing seats 120 of the support assembly 100 via the swing bearings 260, thereby rotatably mounting the housing assembly 200 onto the support assembly 100. Swing bearing inner ring cover plates 270 are also fixedly mounted on the two bearing housings 230, and swing bearing outer ring cover plates 280 are fixedly mounted on the two bearing seats 120. The inner ring cover plates 270 and outer ring cover plates 280 cooperate to protect the swing bearings 260.

[0061] The stator assembly 300 is installed in the inner cavity of the intermediate housing 210 of the housing assembly 200. The stator assembly 300 includes a stator disk 310 and a drainage guide ring 320. The stator disk 310 and the drainage guide ring 320 are arranged in series at intervals. Both the stator disk 310 and the drainage guide ring 320 mate with the inner cavity of the intermediate housing 210. The stator disk 310, the drainage guide ring 320 and the intermediate housing 210 are connected and positioned by keyways 311 and keys 330. The series connection of the stator disk 310 and the drainage guide ring 320 facilitates assembly and disassembly. The stator disk 310 has an internal water inlet channel 312, which communicates with the water inlet 211 at the upper end of the intermediate housing 210. The stator disk 310 has a central through-hole 313 that passes through the water inlet channel 312. Stator suction holes 314 are located on both ends of the stator disk 310 and are arranged in a circular array along the circumference of the stator disk 310. The water inlet channel 312 of the stator disk 310 communicates with the inner cavity of the drainage guide ring 320 through the central through-hole 313. The inner cavity of the drainage guide ring 320, spaced between two stator disks 310, forms a drainage channel 321. Drainage holes 322, communicating with the drainage channel 321, are located on both sides of the bottom of the drainage guide ring 320.

[0062] The rotor assembly 400 includes a shaft 410, rotor plates 420, and spacer rings 430. The shaft 410 has a non-circular triangular cam section 411 for mounting the rotor plates 420 and spacer rings 430. The rotor plates 420 are provided with non-circular triangular center holes 421, and the spacer rings 430 are also provided with non-circular triangular center holes 431. The rotor plates 420 and spacer rings 430 are arranged in series on the non-circular triangular cam section 411 of the shaft 410 at intervals, and the two ends of the series connection are positioned on the shaft 410 by locking rings. The non-circular triangular cam section 411 of the shaft 410 has greater torsional strength and rigidity, enabling the rotor assembly 400 to meet the testing requirements of high-torque engines. The rotor blades 420 are provided with rotor suction holes 422, which are arranged in a circumferential array along the circumference of the rotor blades 420. After the rotor assembly 400 is installed into the inner cavity of the intermediate housing 210, each rotor blade 420 is installed in its corresponding drainage channel 321. The spacer ring 430 is located in the central through hole 313 of the stator disk 310. During operation, the rotor blades 420 agitate the water in the drainage channel 321 through the rotor suction holes 422, causing centrifugal motion and allowing the water to absorb the power of the engine. The rotor assembly 400, with the rotor blades 420 and spacer ring 430 connected in series on the shaft 410, facilitates assembly and disassembly. Each rotor blade 420 is located individually in its respective drainage channel 321, which has the advantages of low power absorption density of a single rotor blade 420, strong cavitation resistance, and low high-speed centrifugal stress.

[0063] The non-circular triangular cam section 411 of the rotating shaft 410 has cylindrical sections 412 at both ends. A high-speed contact sealing structure and a high-speed bearing lubrication sealing structure can be installed between the cylindrical section 412 and the housing assembly 200, thereby meeting the lubrication and high-speed sealing requirements of the high-speed bearing 1200. The rotating shaft 410 also has splines 413 at both ends. The rotating shaft 410 can be fitted with a coupling 440 through the splines 413. The outer end of the spline 413 is provided with a threaded hole. The coupling 440 is threadedly connected and locked to the end of the rotating shaft 410 through the threaded part and the threaded hole of the spline 413. The coupling 440 can connect the rotating shafts 410 of two or more disc-type hydraulic dynamometers in series, thereby forming a multi-stage series hydraulic dynamometer.

[0064] In this embodiment, the stator disk 310 of the stator assembly 300 is further provided with a first vent 315 extending from its edge to the water inlet channel 312. A first vent pipe 213 is provided on the intermediate housing 210 of the housing assembly 200. The first vent pipe 213 extends from the outside of the intermediate housing 210 into its inner cavity, and communicates with the first vent 315 on the stator disk 310. A first micro-vacuum balancing valve 214 is installed at the outer end of the first vent pipe 213. Through the first vent 315, the first vent pipe 213, and the first micro-vacuum balancing valve 214, the water inlet channel 312 can be connected to the external airflow, achieving internal and external air pressure balance, thereby eliminating air bubbles generated in the water inlet channel 312 during operation. The stator disk 310 is also provided with a second vent hole 316 extending from its edge to both axial ends. A second vent pipe 215 is provided on the side housing 220 of the housing assembly 200. The second vent pipe 215 extends from the outside of the side housing 220 into the inner cavity of the middle housing 210, and the inner end of the second vent pipe 215 communicates with the second vent hole 316. A second micro-vacuum balancing valve 216 is installed at the outer end of the second vent pipe 215. Through the second vent hole 316, the second vent pipe 215, and the second micro-vacuum balancing valve 216, the drain channel 321 can be connected to the external airflow, achieving internal and external air pressure balance, thereby eliminating air bubbles generated in the drain channel 321 during operation. Since air bubbles in the inlet channel 312 and the drain channel 321 can be eliminated, cavitation on the surface of the stator disk 310 and rotor laminations 420 can be effectively reduced or avoided, improving the cavitation resistance of the orifice-disc type hydraulic dynamometer and extending its service life. In this example, a cavitation detection rod 221 is installed on each of the two side housings 220 of the housing assembly 200. The inner ends of the two cavitation detection rods 221 are located at the two ends of the stator assembly 300, respectively, and can monitor the cavitation phenomenon on the stator disk 310.

[0065] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 15The high-speed contact sealing structure mounted on the rotating shaft 410 includes a contact sealing assembly 900 and a water-slinging ring 1000. The contact sealing assembly 900 includes a fixed sealing seat 910, a sealing bushing 920, a spring seat 930, a retaining ring 914, and a rotating sealing seat 940. The fixed sealing seat 910 is fixed to the side housing 220 by screws 911. A cooling water hole 912 is provided between the outer ring of the fixed sealing seat 910 and the side housing 220, and a sealing ring 913 is provided between the outer ring of the fixed sealing seat 910 and the side housing 220. The sealing bushing 920 is fixed to the fixed sealing seat 940 by bolts 921. A sealing ring 915 is provided between the inner ring of the sealing seat 910, the sealing bushing 920, and the fixed sealing seat 910; the outer ring of the spring seat 930 mates with the inner ring of the fixed sealing seat 910, and a retaining ring 914 is fixed to the inner ring of the fixed sealing seat 910 to axially position the spring seat 930 between the retaining ring 914 and the sealing bushing 920; the outer ring of the sealing bushing 920 mates with the inner ring of the spring seat 930, and a sealing ring 922 is provided between them; the sealing bushing 920 is provided with a guide pin 923 along its axial direction; the spring seat 930 is provided with a guide pin hole 931 that mates with the guide pin 923; the spring seat... A mounting hole is provided axially on the side of the 930 facing the sealing sleeve 920. A pressure spring 932 is installed in the mounting hole, with its two ends abutting against the spring seat 930 and the sealing sleeve 920, respectively. A sealing stationary ring 933 is nested on the other side of the spring seat 930. The sealing stationary ring 900 is made of silicon carbide, which has wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant properties, ensuring good sealing performance. The rotary sealing seat 940 and the water-slinging ring 1000 are sequentially fitted onto the rotating shaft 410 from the inside to the outside. The rotary sealing seat 940 and the water-slinging ring 1000 are axially positioned by a pin 941 that engages with a hole. A sealing ring 942 is provided between the two, and the sealing bushing 920 is located on the outer ring of the water-slinging ring 1000. The end face of the rotating sealing seat 940 abuts against the end face of the sealing stationary ring 933 on the spring seat 930. The fixed sealing seat 910 is also provided with radial through holes 915 distributed along its circumference. The radial through holes 915 allow the gap between the outer ring of the rotating sealing seat 940 and the inner ring of the fixed sealing seat 910 to communicate with the cooling water hole 912. The surface of the rotating sealing seat 940 is provided with a sealing spray coating. The material of the sealing spray coating is hard chrome. The hardness of the sealing spray coating is greater than HRC55, and it has the advantages of wear resistance and high temperature resistance.

[0066] For this high-speed contact sealing structure, a sealing cooling water inlet channel 222 and a sealing water leakage channel 223 are also provided on the side housing 220. Specifically, the sealing cooling water inlet channel 222 extends from the upper part of the side housing 220 to the cooling water hole 912 on the outer ring of the fixed sealing seat 910, and the sealing water leakage channel 223 extends from the bottom of the side housing 220 to the outer side of the fixed sealing seat 910. The sealing cooling water inlet channel 222 can be connected to a cooling water circulation system to introduce circulating cold water into the cooling water hole 912 to cool the high-speed contact sealing structure. The working principle is that the cold water first enters the cooling water hole 912 through the sealing cooling water inlet channel 222, and then enters the sealing stationary ring 933 and the outer ring of the rotating sealing seat 940 through the radial through hole 915 for radial cooling. The cooled water can enter the inner cavity of the rotor assembly 400 along the shaft 410 axially, and finally exit from the outlet 212 of the housing assembly 200. Furthermore, when the high-speed contact sealing structure fails, water inside the intermediate housing 210 will enter the outer side of the fixed sealing seat 910. The water-throwing ring 1000 will then throw the cooling water outwards and into the sealing water leakage channel 223. Therefore, this high-speed contact sealing structure design can meet the sealing requirements during high-speed rotation, prevent oil and water from mixing, reduce the heat generated by friction through water cooling, and detect leaks in a timely manner when the seal fails.

[0067] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 16 The high-speed bearing lubrication and sealing structure mounted on the rotating shaft 410 includes an inner lubricating oil seal 1100, a high-speed bearing 1200, and an outer lubricating oil seal 1300, which are installed sequentially from the inside to the outside between two cylindrical sections 412 and two bearing housings 230. The inner lubricating oil seal 1100 includes an inner oil-sealing comb-tooth seal seat 1110 and an inner oil-slinging ring 1120. The inner oil-slinging ring 1120 is fitted onto the cylindrical section 412 of the rotating shaft 410. The inner oil-sealing comb-tooth seal seat 1110 is fixed to the side housing 220 by bolts, and the inner ring of the inner oil-sealing comb-tooth seal seat tightly fits the outer ring of the inner oil-slinging ring 1120. The inner ring of the high-speed bearing 1200 is fixed to the cylindrical section 412 of the rotating shaft 410. The outer ring of the high-speed bearing 1200 is fixed on the bearing housing 230; the lubricating oil outer seal 1300 includes an outer oil sealing comb tooth seal seat 1310 and an outer oil throwing ring 1320. The outer oil throwing ring 1320 is fitted on the cylindrical section 412 of the rotating shaft 410. The outer oil sealing comb tooth seal seat 1310 is fixed on the bearing housing 230 by a positioning retaining ring. The inner ring 1310 of the outer oil sealing comb tooth seal seat is in close contact with the outer ring of the outer oil throwing ring 1320.

[0068] For this high-speed bearing lubrication and sealing structure, an oil injection pipe 232 is installed on the bearing housing 230, extending from the outside of the bearing housing 230 to between the external lubricating oil seal 1300 and the high-speed bearing 1200. An oil collecting groove 224 is provided on the side housing 220, located outside the internal lubricating oil seal 1100. An oil return hole 233 is provided on the bearing housing 230, and the oil collecting groove 224 communicates with the inside of the external lubricating oil seal 1300 through the oil return hole 233. A lubrication vacuum suction return oil passage 225, communicating with the oil collecting groove 224, is also provided on the bearing housing 230. A bearing temperature sensor 234 is also installed on the bearing housing 230, extending from the outside of the bearing housing 230 to the outer ring of the high-speed bearing 1200, for measuring the temperature of the high-speed bearing 1200. During operation, the oil injection pipe 232 and the lubrication vacuum suction return oil passage 225 are connected to the lubrication oil circulation system. Lubrication oil can be injected into the high-speed bearing 1200 through the oil injection pipe 232 and the lubrication vacuum suction return oil passage 225 can discharge the lubrication oil. When the bearing temperature sensor 234 detects that the temperature of the high-speed bearing 1200 is too high, it can alarm the operator to remind him to check.

[0069] For the high-speed contact seal structure and high-speed bearing lubrication seal structure on the rotor assembly 400, the orifice-type hydraulic dynamometer is also equipped with a safety monitoring device 1400 to monitor the lubricating oil of the high-speed bearing 1200 and the cooling water of the high-speed contact seal structure. Specifically, the safety monitoring device 1400 includes a pipeline interface module 1410, a pressure sensor 1420, a temperature sensor 1430, and a data acquisition and control box 1440. The pipeline interface module 1410 is equipped with a lubrication oil supply interface 1411, a lubrication oil return interface 1412, a sealing cooling water supply interface 1413, and a sealing cooling water return interface 1414. The lubrication oil supply interface 1411 is connected to the oil injection pipe 232 through a pipeline, the lubrication oil return interface 1412 is connected to the lubrication vacuum suction return oil channel 225 through a pipeline, the sealing cooling water supply interface 1413 is connected to the sealing cooling water inlet channel 222 through a pipeline, and the sealing cooling water return interface 1414 is connected to the sealing water leakage channel 223 through a pipeline. A temperature sensor 1430 is installed at the lubrication return port 1412. The lubrication supply port 1411, lubrication return port 1412, and sealing cooling water supply port 1413 are each connected to a pressure sensor 1420 via a pressure testing hose 1450. The pressure sensors 1420 are integrated and mounted on an integrated mounting block 1460. The temperature sensor 1430 and each pressure sensor 1420 are connected to the data acquisition and control box 1440, transmitting the collected temperature and pressure signals to the control box. This allows for the detection of the lubricating oil temperature and pressure, as well as the sealing cooling water pressure. The lubricating oil temperature can be used to determine if the high-speed bearing 1200 is overheating. The lubricating oil and sealing cooling water pressures can be monitored to ensure they do not exceed the set range, triggering an alarm to prevent malfunctions in the high-speed contact sealing structure and the high-speed bearing lubrication sealing structure due to lack of water or oil.

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown, the inlet valve assembly 500 includes an electro-hydraulic servo-controlled butterfly valve 510 and an inlet flexible pipe 520. The electro-hydraulic servo-controlled butterfly valve 510 is fixedly mounted on the bracket 130 of the support assembly 100 via a first mounting flange 530. The inlet flexible pipe connects the electro-hydraulic servo-controlled butterfly valve 510 to the inlet 211 of the intermediate housing 210. O-rings are provided at both ends of the inlet flexible pipe 520 to ensure its sealing performance. The electro-hydraulic servo-controlled butterfly valve 510 has advantages such as low inertia, high driving torque, fast response speed, and remote control capability.

[0071] The drain valve assembly 600 includes an electro-hydraulic servo-controlled sleeve regulating valve 610, a flexible drain pipe 620, and a drain bend 630. The electro-hydraulic servo-controlled sleeve regulating valve 610 is fixedly mounted on the support base 110 of the support assembly 100 via a second mounting flange 640. The flexible drain pipe 620 is connected to the outlet 212 of the intermediate housing 210. The drain bend 630 connects the flexible pipe and the electro-hydraulic servo-controlled sleeve regulating valve 610. To ensure a tight seal, O-rings are provided at both ends of the flexible drain pipe 620 and the drain bend 630. The sleeve regulating valve controlled by the electro-hydraulic servo system has advantages such as large output torque, fast response speed, linear valve opening, and wide adjustment range.

[0072] Reference Figure 17-20 The calibration device 700 includes a force-measuring arm assembly 710, a calibration arm assembly 730, and a pre-tensioning arm assembly 720. The force-measuring arm assembly 710 is mounted on one side of the housing assembly 200, while the calibration arm assembly 730 and the pre-tensioning arm assembly 720 are mounted on the other side of the housing assembly 200. The force-measuring arm assembly 710 is equipped with a tension / compression sensor 712 to measure the torque applied to the housing assembly 200. The calibration arm assembly 730 includes a force sensor 731 and an energy-storing and force-adjusting component, which allows adjustment of the static calibration tension or compression applied by the calibration arm assembly 730 to the housing assembly 200. The pre-tensioning arm assembly 720 includes an elastic energy storage component and a length adjustment component, which allows adjustment of the length to allow the elastic energy storage component to apply a pre-tensioning force to the housing assembly 200.

[0073] Specifically, the force arm assembly 710 includes a brake arm 711, a tension / compression sensor 712, an upper connecting screw 713, and a lower connecting screw 714. The brake arm 711 is fixed to the outer wall of the intermediate housing 210. The upper end of the tension / compression sensor 712 is connected to an upper joint bearing 715 via the upper connecting screw 713. The upper joint bearing 715 is hinged to one end of the brake arm 711. The lower end of the tension / compression sensor 712 is connected to a lower joint bearing 716 via the lower connecting screw 714. The lower joint bearing 716 is hinged to the support base 110.

[0074] The energy storage and force adjustment components of the calibration arm assembly 730 include a calibration arm 732, a force transmission rod 733, an upper adjusting nut 734, an upper butterfly spring assembly 735, a lower adjusting nut 736, and a lower butterfly spring assembly 737. The calibration arm 732 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the intermediate housing 210. The force transmission rod 733 moves vertically through the calibration arm 732. The upper adjusting nut 734 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the force transmission rod 733. The upper butterfly spring assembly 735... The lower adjusting nut 736 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the force transmission rod 733 and is fitted onto the force transmission rod 733 and located between the upper adjusting nut 734 and the calibration arm 732. The lower butterfly spring assembly 737 is fitted onto the force transmission rod 733 and located between the lower adjusting nut 736 and the calibration arm 732. The lower end of the force transmission rod 733 is fixedly connected to the force sensor 731, which is hinged to the support base 110 via a spherical bearing 738.

[0075] The length adjustment component of the pretension arm assembly 720 includes a mounting plate 721, a load-bearing plate 722, a guide seat 723, and a guide rod 724. The elastic energy storage component is a tension spring 725. The mounting plate 721 is fixed to the outer wall of the intermediate housing 210. The load-bearing plate 722 and the guide seat 723 are fixed to the mounting plate 721 from top to bottom. The guide rod 724 is slidably mounted on the guide seat 723. An adjusting bolt is fixedly connected to the upper end of the guide rod 724. The upper end of the adjusting bolt passes through the load-bearing plate 722 and is threaded with an adjusting nut 726. The two ends of the tension spring 725 are connected between the lower end of the guide rod 724 and the support seat 110 through hooks.

[0076] The working principle of the calibration device 700 is as follows: the pre-tensioning arm assembly 720 can serve as an auxiliary device to improve the calibration accuracy of the calibration device 700. During installation, the force-measuring arm assembly 710 and the pre-tensioning arm assembly 720 are installed first, followed by the calibration arm assembly 730 for calibration. After the force-measuring arm assembly 710 and the pre-tensioning arm assembly 720 are installed, the guide rod 724 can be adjusted on the guide seat 723 by turning the adjusting nut 726, thereby adjusting the tension of the tension spring 725 and achieving the purpose of adjusting the pre-tension force of the tension spring 725. The damping produced by the force-measuring arm assembly 710 on the housing assembly 200 can also be adjusted, thus ensuring the accuracy of subsequent calibration. During the calibration process, by turning the upper adjusting nut 734 or the lower adjusting nut 736 on the calibration arm assembly 730, the disc spring can apply static calibration pressure or tension to the force transmission rod 733. The magnitude of the static calibration force can be displayed by the force sensor 731. The static calibration force is compared with the value displayed by the tension / compression sensor 712 on the force arm assembly 710. After measuring several sets of data, the tension / compression sensor 712 can be calibrated through the calibration procedure.

[0077] The calibration device 700 has a wide calibrable torque range, which can meet the testing needs of high-power, high-speed rotating machinery. Through the upper and lower adjusting nuts and the disc spring of the calibration arm assembly 730, it can achieve stepless adjustment of the static calibration force. The adjustment range is large, the operation is convenient, the fine-tuning sensitivity and accuracy are high, and it is more conducive to high torque calibration.

[0078] The speed measuring device 800 includes a speed sensor 810, a speed sensor mount 820, and a speed measuring gear 830, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the speed sensor 810 is fixedly mounted on the inner ring cover plate 270 of the swing bearing via the speed sensor seat 820. The speed measuring gear 830 is coaxially mounted on the coupling 440 of the rotating shaft 410, and the speed sensor 810 is located on one side of the speed measuring gear 830 in the circumferential direction. During operation, the speed measuring gear 830 rotates with the rotating shaft 410, and the speed sensor 810 measures the rotational speed of the speed measuring gear 830, which is the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 410.

[0079] Reference Figure 19-21 Based on the aforementioned orifice-type hydraulic dynamometer, this embodiment of the invention also provides a multi-stage series hydraulic dynamometer, which consists of at least two orifice-type hydraulic dynamometers connected in series. The multi-stage series hydraulic dynamometer can have a wider power testing range during operation, thereby meeting the testing requirements of high-power, high-speed rotating machinery such as heavy-duty gas turbines and aero engines.

[0080] The multi-stage tandem hydraulic dynamometer includes a base 1500 and at least two of the aforementioned orifice-type hydraulic dynamometers. The at least two orifice-type hydraulic dynamometers are axially spaced at the upper end of the base 1500. Adjacent orifice-type hydraulic dynamometers are connected to a high-speed drive shaft 1600 via a coupling 440 mounted at the end of a rotating shaft 410. An axial adjustment assembly 1510 and a radial adjustment assembly 1520 are mounted on the upper end of the base 1500. The axial adjustment assembly 1510 can be adjusted axially along the orifice-type hydraulic dynamometers to position the support base 110 laterally, and the radial adjustment assembly 1520 can be adjusted radially along the orifice-type hydraulic dynamometers to position the support base 110 laterally. The bottom edge of the support base 110 of the orifice-type hydraulic dynamometers is also locked to the base 1500 by locking bolts 1530.

[0081] Specifically, the axial adjustment assembly 1510 includes a first fixing block 1511 and a first positioning bolt 1512. The first fixing block 1511 is fixedly connected to the base 1500. The first fixing block 1511 has a first threaded through hole parallel to the axial direction of the single-stage dynamometer. The first positioning bolt 1512 is threadedly engaged with the first threaded through hole. The radial adjustment assembly 1520 includes a second fixing block 1521 and a second positioning bolt 1522. The second fixing block 1521 is fixedly connected to the base 1500. The second fixing block 1521 has a second threaded through hole perpendicular to the axial direction of the single-stage dynamometer. The second positioning bolt 1522 is threadedly engaged with the second threaded through hole.

[0082] The position of the orifice-type hydraulic dynamometer can be easily adjusted by the axial adjustment component 1510 and the radial adjustment component 1520. At the same time, it can also ensure good coaxiality when the orifice-type hydraulic dynamometer is connected in series.

[0083] A drive shaft cover seat 1540 is fixed to the upper end of the base 1500. A drive shaft cover 1550 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive shaft cover seat 1540. The drive shaft cover 1550 covers the high-speed drive shaft 1600 and protects the high-speed drive shaft 1600. The bottom edge of the base 1500 is fixed by a spherical combination washer 1560, anchor bolts 1570 and nuts threaded connection to ensure the installation level of the base 1500.

[0084] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hole-disk type water brake dynamometer characterized by, It includes a support assembly (100), a housing assembly (200), a stator assembly (300), a rotor assembly (400), an inlet valve assembly (500), a drain valve assembly (600), a calibration device (700), and a speed measuring device (800), wherein: The housing assembly (200) is mounted on the support assembly (100) via a swing bearing (260) and can swing about the horizontal axis; The stator assembly (300) includes a stator disk (310) and a drainage guide ring (320) that are fixed in series in the inner cavity of the housing assembly (200) and are distributed at intervals. The stator disk (310) is provided with a stator suction hole (314), a water inlet channel (312) and a central through hole (313). The inner cavity of the drainage guide ring (320) forms a drainage channel (321), and the bottom of the drainage guide ring (320) is provided with a drainage hole (322). The rotor assembly (400) includes a rotating shaft (410) and rotor blades (420) and spacer rings (430) that are fixed in series on the rotating shaft (410) and are spaced apart. The rotor blades (420) are installed in the drainage channel (321) in a corresponding manner. The rotor blades (420) are provided with rotor suction holes (422). A high-speed contact sealing structure and a high-speed bearing lubrication sealing structure are provided between the rotating shaft (410) and the housing assembly (200). The inlet valve assembly (500) is connected to the inlet (211) on the housing assembly (200), and the drain valve assembly (600) is connected to the outlet (212) on the housing assembly (200); The calibration device (700) is mounted on the support assembly (100) and connected to both sides of the housing assembly (200) to measure the torque of the housing assembly (200); the speed measuring device (800) is used to detect the speed of the rotor assembly (400); The housing assembly (200) includes an intermediate housing (210), side housings (220) and bearing housings (230). The two side housings (220) are respectively locked to both ends of the intermediate housing (210) by threaded parts, and the two bearing housings (230) are respectively locked to the outer ends of the two side housings (220) by threaded parts. The high-speed contact sealing structure includes a water-slinging ring (1000) and a contact sealing assembly (900). The rotating sealing seat (940) and the water-slinging ring (1000) of the contact sealing assembly (900) are sequentially fitted onto the rotating shaft (410) from the inside to the outside. The rotating sealing seat (940) and the water-slinging ring (1000) are axially positioned by a pin connection, and a sealing ring is provided between them. The contact sealing assembly (900) is fixed to the side housing (220) by the outer ring of the fixed sealing seat (910), and a cooling water hole is provided between the fixed sealing seat (910) and the side housing (220). 912), the inner ring of the fixed sealing seat (910) is equipped with a sealing bushing (920) and a spring seat (930). The sealing bushing (920) is engaged with the outer ring of the water-slinging ring (1000). A sealing stationary ring (933) is nested on the spring seat (930). The spring seat (930) abuts against the outer ring of the end face of the rotary sealing seat (940) through the end face of the sealing stationary ring (933). The fixed sealing seat (910) is also provided with a radial through hole (915) so that the gap between the outer ring of the rotary sealing seat (940) and the inner ring of the fixed sealing seat (910) is connected to the cooling water hole (912). The side housing (220) is provided with a sealed cooling water inlet channel (222) and a sealed water leakage channel (223). The sealed cooling water inlet channel (222) is connected to the cooling water hole (912), and the sealed water leakage channel (223) extends from the bottom of the side housing (220) to the outside of the fixed sealing seat (910).

2. The hole-disk hydraulic dynamometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stator disk (310) of the stator assembly (300) is provided with a first vent hole (315) extending from its edge to the water inlet channel (312). The intermediate housing (210) is provided with a first vent pipe (213). The first vent pipe (213) extends from the outside of the intermediate housing (210) into the inner cavity of the intermediate housing (210), and the first vent pipe (213) communicates with the first vent hole (315) on the stator disk (310). A first micro vacuum balance valve (214) is installed at the outer end of the first vent pipe (213). The stator plate (310) is also provided with a second vent hole (316) extending from its edge to both ends of the axial direction. The side housing (220) is provided with a second vent pipe (215). The second vent pipe (215) extends from the outside of the side housing (220) into the inner cavity of the middle housing (210). The inner end of the second vent pipe (215) is connected to the second vent hole (316). The outer end of the second vent pipe (215) is equipped with a second micro vacuum balance valve (216).

3. The hole-disk hydraulic dynamometer according to claim 2, characterized in that A cavitation detection rod (221) is installed on each of the two side housings (220) of the housing assembly (200), and the inner ends of the two cavitation detection rods (221) are located at the two ends of the stator assembly (300).

4. The hole-disk hydraulic dynamometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor assembly (400) has a non-circular triangular cam section (411) for mounting rotor plates (420) and spacer rings (430). Both rotor plates (420) and spacer rings (430) are provided with non-circular triangular center holes that mate with the non-circular triangular cam section (411). The non-circular triangular cam section (411) of the rotating shaft (410) has cylindrical sections (412) at both ends for mounting high-speed contact sealing structures and high-speed bearing lubrication sealing structures. The rotor assembly (400) has a shaft (410) with splines (413) at both ends, and the shaft (410) is fitted with a coupling (440) via the splines (413) and threaded parts.

5. The hole-disk hydraulic dynamometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-speed bearing lubrication and sealing structure includes an inner lubricating oil seal (1100), a high-speed bearing (1200), and an outer lubricating oil seal (1300), which are installed sequentially from the inside to the outside between the cylindrical section (412) of the rotating shaft (410) and the bearing housing (230). An oil spray pipe (232) is installed on the bearing housing (230) and extends from the outside of the bearing housing (230) to the lubricating oil outer seal (1300) and the high-speed bearing (1200). An oil collection groove (224) is provided on the side housing (220) located outside the lubricating oil inner seal (1100). An oil return hole (233) is provided on the bearing housing (230). The oil collection groove (224) communicates with the inside of the lubricating oil outer seal (1300) through the oil return hole (233). A lubricating vacuum suction return oil passage (225) communicating with the oil collection groove (224) is also provided on the bearing housing (230).

6. The hole-disk hydraulic dynamometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet valve assembly (500) includes an electro-hydraulic servo-controlled butterfly valve (510) and an inlet flexible pipe (520). The electro-hydraulic servo-controlled butterfly valve (510) is fixedly installed on the bracket (130) of the support assembly (100), and the inlet flexible pipe is connected between the electro-hydraulic servo-controlled butterfly valve (510) and the inlet (211) of the intermediate housing (210). The drain valve includes an electro-hydraulic servo-controlled sleeve regulating valve (610), a drain flexible pipe (620), and a drain elbow (630). The electro-hydraulic servo-controlled sleeve regulating valve (610) is fixedly installed on the support seat (110) of the support assembly (100) by a mounting flange. The drain flexible pipe (620) is connected to the outlet (212) of the intermediate housing (210). The drain elbow (630) is connected between the flexible pipe and the electro-hydraulic servo-controlled sleeve regulating valve (610).

7. The hole-disk hydraulic dynamometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calibration device (700) includes a force-measuring arm assembly (710), a preload arm assembly (720), and a calibration arm assembly (730). The force-measuring arm assembly (710) is mounted on one side of the housing assembly (200), and the preload arm assembly (720) and the calibration arm assembly (730) are mounted on the other side of the housing assembly (200), wherein: The lever arm assembly (710) is equipped with a tension / compression sensor (712) for measuring the torque applied to the housing assembly (200); The pretension arm assembly (720) is provided with an elastic energy storage component and a length adjustment component. The length adjustment component can be used to adjust the length so that the elastic energy storage component can apply a pretensioning force to the housing assembly (200). The calibration arm assembly (730) is equipped with a force sensor (731) and an energy storage force adjustment component, which can adjust the magnitude of the static calibration tension or pressure applied by the calibration arm assembly (730) to the housing assembly (200).

8. The hole-disk hydraulic dynamometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The speed measuring device (800) includes a speed sensor (810) and a speed measuring gear (830). The speed measuring gear (830) is coaxially mounted on the rotating shaft (410) in the circumferential direction, and the speed sensor (810) is located on one side of the speed measuring gear (830).

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