A method for generating a theoretical observation system by collecting data interpolation

Abstract

The application provides a kind of generation method of theoretical observation system of data collection interpolation, comprising: importing seismic data into actual acquisition zigzag observation system;Actual shot point position is regularly arranged in the shape of "zigzag";A set of theoretical shot point positions corresponding to the actual shot point positions are designed, and the theoretical shot point positions are arranged in the shape of "anti-zigzag" with the actual shot points;Split the theoretical shot points, and design multiple theoretical observation systems according to the parameters of the actual zigzag observation system;Integrate multiple theoretical observation systems to generate a complete theoretical observation system;Display the complete theoretical observation system together with the actual zigzag observation system to obtain accurate results. The correspondence between the target survey line position of the theoretical observation system and the actual data survey line position of the high-efficiency data collection is clear, the data generated by interpolation is more real and reliable, and the signal-to-noise ratio and continuity of the stratum are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas geophysical seismic data processing, and in particular to a method for generating a theoretical observation system for data interpolation. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of controlled-source high-efficiency acquisition technology in the vast deserts, Gobi, and loose soil areas of western China, field production efficiency has been significantly improved compared to conventional acquisition methods. When conducting 3D acquisition, to maximize convenience for field construction, improve field production efficiency, and reduce equipment investment and unnecessary bulldozing, a single-unit, single-shot observation system with the source moving along the detector line is generally preferred in the design phase.

[0003] The sawtooth observation system is often used in high-efficiency 3D acquisition projects because it facilitates the relocation of controlled seismic sources and reduces damage to acquisition equipment during relocation. However, due to the characteristics of high-efficiency acquisition construction, the signal-to-noise ratio of a single shot is often lower than that of a single shot produced by conventional controlled seismic sources. This results in significant noise interference, low signal-to-noise ratio, and poor continuity, which seriously affects the completion of geological tasks such as improving resolution and identifying lithological-tectonic traps.

[0004] To improve resolution, existing processing techniques typically employ interpolation to enhance data quality. Interpolation requires establishing the target survey line location, and there are two main methods for doing so: the first is to interpolate using the actual target survey line location from the data; the second is to design a theoretical observation system based on the actual data observation system, and then interpolate the target survey line location generated by the theoretical observation system.

[0005] Existing technology can only form an orthogonal cross-shaped theoretical observation system based on the longitudinal and transverse shot point positions, such as Figure 2 As shown, the triangle icon represents the shot point, and the circle icon represents the receiver point; the positions of the shot points differ significantly from those of the actual zigzag arrangement in the high-efficiency acquisition sawtooth observation system, such as... Figure 3 As shown, square icons represent shot points and circular icons represent receiver points. The correspondence is unclear, which cannot provide a valid target survey line position for subsequent interpolation and affects the interpolation effect. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a method for generating a theoretical observation system for data interpolation that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for generating a theoretical observation system for data interpolation is provided, comprising:

[0008] Import the seismic data into the actual acquisition sawtooth observation system;

[0009] The actual firing points are arranged in a regular zigzag pattern.

[0010] Design a set of theoretical shot locations corresponding to the actual shot locations, wherein the theoretical shot locations are in a reverse "zigzag" shape to the actual shot locations;

[0011] Decompose the theoretical shot points to obtain the parameters of the actual sawtooth observation system;

[0012] Multiple theoretical observation systems were designed based on the parameters of the actual sawtooth observation system.

[0013] The multiple theoretical observation systems are integrated to generate a complete theoretical observation system;

[0014] By displaying the complete theoretical observation system together with the actual sawtooth observation system, accurate location results can be obtained.

[0015] Optionally, displaying the complete theoretical observation system together with the actual sawtooth observation system to obtain precise location results specifically includes:

[0016] The complete theoretical observation system and the actual sawtooth observation system are displayed together to obtain the display results;

[0017] Based on the displayed results, determine whether the correspondence between the zigzag shape and the reverse zigzag shape is clear. If it is clear, the target survey line position is accurate; otherwise, the target survey line position is inaccurate.

[0018] Optionally, the actual firing point locations are arranged in a regular zigzag pattern, specifically including: each zigzag consists of 12 firing points, and the firing points are evenly arranged.

[0019] Optionally, the actual sawtooth observation system parameters specifically include: known channel spacing, number of receiving channels, number of receiving lines, line spacing, lateral shot point spacing, and longitudinal shot line spacing.

[0020] Optionally, the split theoretical gun points specifically include:

[0021] The theoretical shot points are broken down into groups of 12 shot points. The horizontal and vertical coordinates, station number, shot line distance, shot point distance, number of shot rows, and number of shot points on each shot row are calculated for each shot point in the group.

[0022] Optionally, the step of designing multiple theoretical observation systems based on the actual sawtooth observation system parameters specifically includes:

[0023] Calculate the following parameters for each theoretical shot point: horizontal and vertical coordinates, station number, receiver line spacing, channel spacing, number of receiver lines, and number of receiver points on each receiver line.

[0024] Based on the calculated parameters of the theoretical shot-receiver points, 12 theoretical observation systems were established.

[0025] This invention provides a method for generating a theoretical observation system through data interpolation, comprising: importing seismic data into an actual acquisition sawtooth observation system; the shot points at the actual shot point locations are arranged in a regular zigzag pattern; designing a set of theoretical shot point locations corresponding to the actual shot point locations, wherein the theoretical shot point locations are arranged in the opposite zigzag pattern to the actual shot points; splitting the theoretical shot points to obtain parameters of the actual sawtooth observation system; designing multiple theoretical observation systems based on the parameters of the actual sawtooth observation system; integrating the multiple theoretical observation systems to generate a complete theoretical observation system; and displaying the complete theoretical observation system together with the actual sawtooth observation system to obtain accurate location results. The correspondence between the target survey line location of the theoretical observation system and the actual survey line location of the efficiently acquired data is clear. The data generated by interpolation is more realistic and reliable, facilitating subsequent seismic data processing to fill shallow gaps, improve the formation signal-to-noise ratio and continuity, and preserve amplitude and fidelity.

[0026] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a theoretical observation system generation method for data interpolation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 Diagram of the orthogonal cross-shaped theoretical observation system;

[0030] Figure 3 To efficiently acquire images of the sawtooth observation system;

[0031] Figure 4 A diagram of a sawtooth observation system for practical and efficient data acquisition;

[0032] Figure 5 To design a set of theoretical shot point location maps corresponding to the actual sawtooth observation system;

[0033] Figure 6 A complete theoretical observation system diagram;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the locations of the shot receivers in the theoretical observation system and the actual sawtooth observation system. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0036] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, embodiments, claims, and drawings of this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such as including a series of steps or units.

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] This invention is a method for designing a theoretical observation system based on the efficient acquisition of shot point locations by a sawtooth observation system during seismic data processing.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the processing flow mainly includes the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Import the actual high-efficiency data acquisition sawtooth observation system, such as... Figure 4 As shown, taking the 40L6S observation system as an example, the shot is fired in the middle and received on both sides. Ignoring factors such as acquisition gaps caused by changes in field acquisition techniques, the shot points are arranged in a regular "Z" shape. Each "Z" consists of 12 shot points, and the shot points are evenly distributed.

[0041] Step 2: Design a set of theoretical shot point locations corresponding to the actual shot point locations, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the theoretical shot point position and the actual shot point position are in a reverse "Z" shape.

[0042] Step 3: Decompose the theoretical shot points and design the 40L1S theoretical observation system based on the known parameters of the actual sawtooth observation system, such as the channel spacing, number of receiver channels, number of receiver lines, line spacing, lateral shot point spacing, and longitudinal shot line spacing.

[0043] The calculation method is as follows:

[0044] First, the theoretical shot points are divided into groups of 12, and the horizontal and vertical coordinates, station number, shot line distance, shot point distance, number of shot rows, and number of shot points on each shot row are calculated for each shot point in the group. Second, the horizontal and vertical coordinates, station number, receiver line distance, channel distance, number of receiver lines, and number of receiver points on each receiver line are calculated for the receiving and receiving points corresponding to each theoretical shot point. Finally, based on the calculated parameters of the theoretical shot and receiving points, 12 theoretical observation systems for 40L1S are established.

[0045] Step 4: Integrate the 12 theoretical observation systems of 40L1S to generate a complete theoretical observation system of 40L6S, such as... Figure 6 As shown.

[0046] Step 5: As Figure 7 As shown, the generated complete theoretical observation system is displayed together with the actual sawtooth observation system, and the correspondence between the "Z" shape and the reverse "Z" shape is clear and the position is accurate.

[0047] Beneficial effects: On the one hand, it fills a gap in the study of the target survey line location for interpolation of efficient acquisition data in seismic data processing; on the other hand, compared with the theoretical observation system with orthogonal cross-shaped shot points generated by conventional methods, the theoretical observation system generated by this invention has a clear correspondence between the target survey line location and the actual survey line location of efficient acquisition data. The data generated by interpolation based on this is more realistic and reliable, which facilitates subsequent seismic data processing to fill shallow gaps, improve the formation signal-to-noise ratio and continuity, and preserve amplitude and fidelity.

[0048] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for generating a theoretical observation system through data interpolation, characterized in that, The generation method includes: Import seismic data into the actual zigzag acquisition system; The shot points at the actual shot point positions are arranged in a regular "zigzag" shape; Design a set of theoretical shot point positions corresponding to the actual shot point positions, and the theoretical shot point positions are in an inverted "zigzag" shape with the actual shot points; Split the theoretical shot points to obtain the parameters of the actual zigzag acquisition system; Design multiple theoretical acquisition systems according to the parameters of the actual zigzag acquisition system; Integrate the multiple theoretical acquisition systems to generate a complete theoretical acquisition system; Display the complete theoretical acquisition system and the actual zigzag acquisition system together to obtain an accurate position result.

2. The method for generating a theoretical observation system for data interpolation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of displaying the complete theoretical acquisition system and the actual zigzag acquisition system together to obtain an accurate position result specifically includes: Display the complete theoretical acquisition system and the actual zigzag acquisition system together to obtain a display result; Judge whether the corresponding relationship between the "zigzag" and the inverted "zigzag" is clear according to the display result. If it is clear, the position of the target survey line is accurate; otherwise, the position of the target survey line is inaccurate.

3. The method for generating a theoretical observation system for data interpolation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step that the shot points at the actual shot point positions are arranged in a regular "zigzag" shape specifically includes: One "zigzag" is a group consisting of 12 shot points, and the shot points are evenly arranged.

4. The method for generating a theoretical observation system for data interpolation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parameters of the actual zigzag acquisition system specifically include: known trace interval, number of receiving channels, number of receiving lines, line interval, lateral shot point distance, and longitudinal shot line distance.

5. The method for generating a theoretical observation system for data interpolation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of splitting the theoretical shot points specifically includes: Split the theoretical shot points. Taking 12 shot points as a group, calculate the horizontal and vertical coordinates, stake number, shot line distance, shot point distance, number of shot rows, and the number of shot points on each shot row of each shot point in the group.

6. The method for generating a theoretical observation system for data interpolation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of designing multiple theoretical acquisition systems according to the parameters of the actual zigzag acquisition system specifically includes: Calculate the horizontal and vertical coordinates, stake number, receiving line distance, trace interval, number of receiving lines, and the number of geophones on each receiving line of the receiving geophone points corresponding to each theoretical shot point; Establish 12 theoretical acquisition systems according to the calculated relevant parameters of the theoretical shot and geophone points.

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