Switching piece, oil tank and excavator

Abstract

This invention discloses a switching mechanism, a fuel tank, and an excavator. The switching mechanism includes a switching plate and a float connected to the switching plate. The float is used to raise or lower the switching plate using buoyancy, thereby changing the flow structure within the receiving cavity. The fuel tank also includes a shell with a receiving cavity formed inside. A partition is provided within the shell, dividing the receiving cavity into a left compartment, a right compartment, and a passage connecting the left and right compartments. The partition forms a switching compartment located at the top of the passage. The switching plate is vertically connected to the partition and is used to extend into the passage to reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the passage, thereby changing the flow structure within the receiving cavity. By incorporating a switching mechanism within the fuel tank, this invention provides the dual function of a fuel tank and a roll-damping compartment. Furthermore, a U-shaped / groove-shaped switching mechanism is designed for fuel consumption scenarios, ensuring good roll-damping performance at various fuel levels before the fuel is depleted, thus improving the excavator's operational stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of excavator technology, and more particularly to a switching component, a fuel tank, and an excavator. Background Technology

[0002] Amphibious excavators are multi-purpose excavators suitable for working on land, swampy soft ground, and shallow water environments. This product is widely and efficiently used in water conservancy projects, urban and rural construction for river and lake dredging, resource development in wetlands, swamps, and tidal flats, and for environmental remediation excavation operations.

[0003] Amphibious hydraulic excavators have poor wave resistance when working in deep water areas, and they are prone to swaying and rocking during rotation, excavation, and pile driving, which results in poor operational stability.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new switching component, fuel tank, and excavator to solve or at least alleviate the aforementioned technical defects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a switching component, a fuel tank, and an excavator, aiming to solve the problem of poor stability in the use of excavators in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a switching member is provided for use within the receiving cavity of a fuel tank, the switching member comprising:

[0007] A switching plate and a float connected to the switching plate, the float being used to drive the switching plate up or down by buoyancy, so as to change the flow structure within the receiving cavity.

[0008] In one embodiment, the switching component further includes a first limiting block, which is installed at the bottom end of the switching plate and is used to limit the travel of the switching plate toward the direction of the float.

[0009] In one embodiment, the switching component further includes a second limiting block, which is connected to the float and the switching plate respectively. The second limiting block is used to limit the travel of the switching plate in the direction away from the float.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a fuel tank for an excavator, the fuel tank including the switching element as described above, and further comprising:

[0011] A housing with a receiving cavity formed therein, and a partition is provided therein, which divides the receiving cavity into a left compartment, a right compartment, and a passage connecting the left compartment and the right compartment. The partition forms a switching compartment, which is located at the top of the passage.

[0012] The switching plate is vertically and retractably mounted on the partition, and the switching plate is used to extend into the channel.

[0013] In one embodiment, the partition includes a mounting plate disposed between the channel and the switching compartment, and two vertical plates. The two vertical plates, the mounting plate, and the housing together form the switching compartment. The mounting plate has a groove and a connecting hole. The connecting hole connects the switching compartment and the channel. The switching plate is slidably connected to the groove. The float is disposed inside the switching compartment.

[0014] In one embodiment, the switching plate is slot-shaped.

[0015] In one embodiment, the switching component further includes a first limiting block, which is installed at the bottom end of the switching plate and is used to abut against the lower surface of the mounting plate.

[0016] In one embodiment, the switching component further includes a second limiting block, which is connected to the float and the switching plate respectively, and is used to abut against the upper surface of the mounting plate.

[0017] In one embodiment, the number of switching elements is at least two sets, and the at least two sets of switching elements are staggered with each other.

[0018] In one embodiment, the fuel tank further includes a pressure balancing pipe, which is installed at the top of the housing and its two ends are respectively connected to the left compartment and the right compartment.

[0019] In one embodiment, a damping plate is provided in the channel, and the damping plate has a through hole.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides an excavator, the excavator including the fuel tank as described above, and a body, the fuel tank being mounted on the body.

[0021] In this invention, a switching component is installed within the receiving cavity of the fuel tank. The switching component includes a switching plate and a float connected to the switching plate. The float is used to raise or lower the switching plate via buoyancy, thereby changing the flow structure within the receiving cavity. The fuel tank also includes a shell, within which a receiving cavity is formed. A partition is installed within the shell, dividing the receiving cavity into a left compartment, a right compartment, and a passage connecting the left and right compartments. The partition forms a switching chamber located at the top of the passage. The switching plate is vertically connected to the partition, and the switching plate extends into the passage to reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the passage, thereby changing the flow structure within the receiving cavity. The left and right compartments and the passageway are U-shaped. When the fuel content in the tank is high, the switching plate rises to a high position under the buoyancy of the float, making the tank essentially a U-shaped anti-roll tank. When the fuel level is higher than the height of the passageway at the bottom of the U-shape, the anti-roll effect of the U-shaped tank is largely unaffected by the fuel level, maintaining a stable anti-roll torque even as fuel is consumed. However, as fuel continues to be consumed, the anti-roll effect of the U-shaped tank deteriorates when the fuel level falls below the height of the passageway. As the fuel level decreases, the switching mechanism descends accordingly, and the switching plate inserts into the passageway, reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the passageway (i.e., the fuel flow cross-sectional area). This transforms the passageway into a trough-shaped channel, ensuring that the tank still has a certain anti-roll effect even when the fuel level is low. This invention designs a U-shaped / trough-shaped switching mechanism specifically for fuel consumption scenarios, improving the operational stability of the excavator. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a fuel tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a perspective three-dimensional structural view of a fuel tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting plate, switching component, and channel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a switching component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0028] label name label name 100 tank 16 Mounting base 1 case 17 Filling port 2 Switching components 21 float 3 air pressure balance tube 22 Switchboard 4 Damping plate 23 First limiting block 11 Left compartment 24 Second limiting block 12 right compartment 41 Through hole 13 aisle 151 chute 14 Switching cabin 152 Connecting hole 51 Mounting plate 5 Partition

[0029] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0032] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "multiple" means at least two groups, such as two groups, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0033] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two sets of components or the interaction between two sets of components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0035] Please refer to Figures 1-4 According to one aspect of the present invention, a switching member 2 is provided for use within the receiving cavity of a fuel tank 100. The switching member 2 includes:

[0036] The switching plate 22 and the float 21 connected to the switching plate 22 are used to drive the switching plate 22 to rise or fall by buoyancy, so as to change the flow structure in the receiving cavity.

[0037] The fuel tank 100 also includes a housing 1, which has a receiving cavity. A partition 5 is provided in the housing 1, which divides the receiving cavity into a left compartment 11, a right compartment 12, and a channel 13 connecting the left compartment 11 and the right compartment 12. The partition 5 has a switching compartment 14, which is located at the top of the channel 13. A switching plate 2 is vertically connected to the partition 5. The switching plate 2 is used to extend into the channel 13 to reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel 13, thereby changing the flow structure in the receiving cavity.

[0038] In the above embodiment, the left compartment 11, right compartment 12, and passage 13 are generally U-shaped. When the fuel content in the fuel tank 100 is high, the switching plate rises to a high position under the buoyancy of the float 21, and the fuel tank 100 is equivalent to a U-shaped anti-roll water tank. When the liquid level is higher than the height of the passage 13 at the bottom of the U-shaped structure, the anti-roll effect of the U-shaped fuel tank 100 is basically unaffected by the liquid level, and it can still maintain a stable anti-roll torque as fuel is consumed. As fuel continues to be consumed, when the liquid level is lower than the height of the passage 13, the anti-roll effect of the U-shaped fuel tank 100 will deteriorate. As the fuel level decreases, the switching component 2 will descend accordingly, and the switching plate 22 will be inserted into the passage, reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the passage 13, i.e., the fuel flow cross-sectional area, thereby transforming the passage 13 into a trough-shaped passage, ensuring that the fuel tank 100 still has a certain anti-roll effect when the fuel level is low. This embodiment designs a U-shaped / trough-shaped switching mechanism for fuel consumption scenarios, improving the operational stability of the excavator.

[0039] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a fuel tank 100, the fuel tank 100 including the switching member 2 as described above, and further including:

[0040] The housing 1 has a cavity inside it. A partition 5 is provided inside the housing 1, which divides the cavity into a left compartment 11, a right compartment 12, and a passage 13 connecting the left compartment 11 and the right compartment 12. The partition 5 has a switching compartment 14, which is located at the top of the passage 13.

[0041] Switching element 2 is vertically mounted on partition 5 and is used to extend into channel 13.

[0042] In the above embodiments, the oil tank 100 can be specifically applied to an amphibious hydraulic excavator. The left compartment 11, right compartment 12, and passage 13 are generally U-shaped. By applying the structure of the U-shaped anti-roll water tank to the excavator's oil tank, when the fuel content in the oil tank 100 is high, the control switching element 2 is in a high position. Most of the switching element 2 is housed in the switching compartment 14. The oil tank 100 is equivalent to a U-shaped anti-roll water tank. When the liquid level is higher than the height of the passage 13 at the bottom of the U-shaped structure, the anti-roll effect of the U-shaped oil tank 100 is basically unaffected by the liquid level. As fuel is consumed, it can still maintain a stable anti-roll torque. As fuel continues to be consumed, when the liquid level falls below the height of channel 13, the anti-sway effect of the U-shaped fuel tank 100 deteriorates. The control switching element 2 descends and extends into channel 13. As the switching element 2 gradually extends into channel 13, the cross-sectional area of ​​channel 13 gradually decreases, transforming channel 13 into a trough-shaped channel. The characteristic of this trough-shaped channel is that it connects the left compartment 11 and the right compartment 12 using a water trough with a free liquid surface. The oscillation of the liquid in the trough-shaped channel acts as damping for the fuel tank 100, generating a stable torque and ensuring that the fuel tank 100 still has a certain anti-sway effect even when the fuel level is low. Specifically, the trough-shaped channel refers to a channel 13 whose cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the left compartment 11 and the right compartment 12. Therefore, during the left-right swaying of the fuel, the reduced flow area in the middle generates damping, thus generating torque to counteract the swaying motion.

[0043] The switching component 2 and the fuel tank 100 are designed for amphibious excavators. The working conditions and design parameters of amphibious excavators are different from those of ships for roll reduction. This invention, by setting the fuel tank 100 on the excavator, has the dual function of fuel tank and roll reduction tank compared to a single marine roll reduction tank. In addition, a U-shaped / trough-shaped switching mechanism is designed for fuel consumption scenarios. When the fuel is consumed to a certain extent, it switches from U-shaped tank to trough-shaped tank, ensuring that the fuel tank 100 has a good roll reduction effect at various fuel levels before the fuel is exhausted, thus improving its operational stability.

[0044] One way the switching plate 22 rises and falls is by controlling its buoyancy. The switching component 2 includes a float 21 and a switching plate 22 connected to each other. The partition 5 includes a mounting plate 51 disposed between the channel 13 and the switching chamber 14. The mounting plate 51 forms a groove 151 and a connecting hole 152. The connecting hole 152 connects the switching chamber 14 and the channel 13. The switching plate 22 is slidably connected to the groove 151. The float 21 is disposed in the switching chamber 14. The switching chamber 14 is connected to the channel 13 through the connecting hole 152. Fuel can enter the switching chamber 14 through the connecting hole 152. Under the buoyancy of the fuel, the position of the float 21 is controlled. The float 21 provides buoyancy to the switching plate 22, thereby controlling the size of the switching plate 22 entering the channel 13. When the fuel level is high, the switching plate 22 is completely in the switching chamber 14 due to the buoyancy. As the fuel is consumed, the level gradually decreases, and the switching plate 22 also decreases. The switching plate 22 gradually inserts into the channel 13, reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​fuel flow in the channel 13. When the liquid level is lower than the height of channel 13, the position of the switching plate 22 can be set to the lowest point, at which time the lower end of the switching plate 22 abuts against the lower wall of channel 13, thereby ensuring the best cut-off effect. The overall material of the switching component 2 can be selected as a material with a density lower than diesel oil and good oil resistance. Among them, the partition component 5 also includes two vertical plates, and the two vertical plates, the mounting plate 51, and the shell 1 together form the switching chamber 14.

[0045] This embodiment can automatically switch the shape of channel 13 when the oil level changes. Compared with the structure of the active anti-roll chamber, the active anti-roll chamber has disadvantages such as complex control principle, high cost and unpredictable stability. The passive anti-roll structure controlled by buoyancy has the advantages of lower cost and stronger stability while achieving better anti-roll effect.

[0046] It should be noted that, in order to achieve the raising and lowering of the switching plate 22, its raising and lowering can also be controlled by active control methods such as electronic control. In one embodiment, the fuel tank 100 also includes a driving component, which is connected to the switching component 2 in a transmission manner. The driving component is used to drive the switching component 2 to rise and fall. When the liquid level is high, the driving component is controlled to drive the switching plate 22 to rise to a high position, so that the fuel tank 100 as a whole forms a U-shaped anti-sway structure. When the liquid level is lower than the height of the channel 13, the driving component is controlled to drive the switching plate 22 to fall, switching the fuel flow structure to a groove-shaped anti-sway structure.

[0047] Specifically, the oil tank 100 can be used as an auxiliary oil tank for the excavator. The auxiliary oil tank is connected to the main oil tank through an oil circuit. By setting a sway-damping chamber structure on the auxiliary oil tank, it can be better installed on the amphibious hydraulic excavator. After installation, it does not affect the excavator's normal operations such as rotation, digging, and piling. While increasing the working cycle, it also improves the safety of the amphibious hydraulic excavator and is more suitable for the working conditions of the amphibious hydraulic excavator.

[0048] It should be noted that the oil tank 100 can also be set as a trough-shaped oil tank. In this case, there is no need to switch and the anti-sway effect can be achieved at all liquid levels. However, at high liquid levels, the anti-sway torque of the trough-shaped oil tank 100 will decrease as the liquid level drops compared to the U-shaped oil tank 100, thus affecting the anti-sway effect.

[0049] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figure 4 The switching plate 22 is groove-shaped. The shape of the chute 151 can be adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the switching plate 22. The opposite sides of the groove-shaped switching plate 22 can be used to block the passage of fuel. Compared with the block structure, the groove-shaped switching plate 22 is lighter and easier to install and to perform raising or lowering movements.

[0050] In one embodiment, the switching component 2 further includes a first limiting block 23, which is installed at the bottom end of the switching plate 22 and abuts against the lower surface of the mounting plate 51. The first limiting block 23 restricts the upward floating stroke of the switching plate 22. When the switching component 2 rises to its highest point, the first limiting block 23 abuts against the lower surface of the mounting plate 51, ensuring that the switching plate 22 moves within a specified range and preventing collisions and derailment from the running track. Specifically, there can be multiple first limiting blocks 23, spaced apart to enhance the balance of the limiting action.

[0051] In addition, the switching component 2 also includes a second limiting block 24, which is connected to the float 21 and the switching plate 22 respectively. The second limiting block 24 is used to abut against the upper surface of the mounting plate 51. The second limiting block 24 is disposed between the switching plate 22 and the float 21. Similarly, the second limiting block 24 is used to limit the downward floating stroke of the switching plate 22. When the switching component 2 descends to the lowest point, the second limiting block 24 abuts against the upper surface of the mounting plate 51, ensuring that the switching plate 22 moves within a specified range.

[0052] In one embodiment, the number of switching elements 2 is at least two sets, and the at least two sets of switching elements 2 are staggered with each other. For example... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 There are two sets of switching components 2. The two sets of switching components 2 are staggered, and the slots of different switching plates 22 face the opposite side walls of the housing 1. When the staggered switching components 2 switch the channel 13 to a slotted channel, the flow area of ​​the channel 13 can be further reduced, the anti-sway effect can be improved, and the stability of the excavator can be increased.

[0053] In one embodiment, the fuel tank 100 further includes a pressure balancing pipe 3, which is installed at the top of the housing 1. The two ends of the pressure balancing pipe 3 are connected to the left compartment 11 and the right compartment 12, respectively. The pressure balancing pipe 3 is used to maintain consistent pressure between the left compartment 11 and the right compartment 12, especially during fuel level drops, to balance the pressure between the two compartments. A fuel filling port 17 is provided at the top of the fuel tank 100, allowing communication with the outside environment.

[0054] In addition, to make the installation of the pressure balance pipe 3 more secure, two sets of mounting seats 16 are provided on the top of the housing 1. The two ends of the pressure balance pipe 3 are respectively inserted into the two sets of mounting seats 16, and the bottoms of the two sets of mounting seats 16 are respectively connected to the left compartment 11 and the right compartment 12.

[0055] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figure 2 and Figure 3 A damping plate 4 is installed inside the channel 13. The damping plate 4 has a through hole 41. The damping plate 4 with the through hole 41 is used to reduce the passage area and increase the damping. This embodiment improves the operating conditions of the excavator by designing the structure inside the channel 13 to increase the damping and adjust the anti-roll frequency domain. (Frequency domain refers to the sum of the frequencies of all sinusoidal components of a signal. Any periodic signal can be decomposed into a series of sine waves with different amplitudes, frequencies or phases. The sum of the frequencies of all components is called the frequency domain of the signal.) This improves the shortcomings of passive anti-roll cabins, such as increased roll under low-frequency roll, overload under high-frequency roll, increased noise due to water hammer effect, and metal fatigue.

[0056] Specifically, multiple damping plates 4 are provided in the channel 13 to further increase flow damping and enhance the anti-sway effect. The through holes 41 of different damping plates 4 can be set to different shapes. More specifically, multiple damping plates 4 can be symmetrically distributed in the channel 13.

[0057] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides an excavator, which includes the oil tank 100 as described above, and a body, wherein the oil tank 100 is mounted on the body. Specifically, the excavator can be an amphibious hydraulic excavator. The specific structure of the oil tank 100 is as described in the above embodiments. Since the excavator adopts all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it possesses at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0058] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the patent. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil tank characterized by comprising: The switching piece (2) is used in the containing cavity of the oil tank (100), and comprises a switching plate (22) and a float block (21) connected with the switching plate (22), the float block (21) is used to drive the switching plate (22) to rise or fall by buoyancy to change the flow structure in the containing cavity. The oil tank (100) further comprises a shell (1) in which a containing cavity is formed, and a partition piece (5) is arranged in the shell (1), the partition piece (5) divides the containing cavity into a left cabin (11), a right cabin (12), and a channel (13) connecting the left cabin (11) and the right cabin (12), and a switching cabin (14) is formed in the partition piece (5) and located at the top of the channel (13). The switching plate (22) is installed in the partition piece (5) in a lifting manner and is used to extend into the channel (13). The partition piece (5) comprises a mounting plate (51) arranged between the channel (13) and the switching cabin (14), and two vertical plates, and the mounting plate (51), the two vertical plates and the shell (1) jointly form the switching cabin (14), the mounting plate (51) is formed with a sliding groove (151) and a communication hole (152), the communication hole (152) communicates the switching cabin (14) and the channel (13), the switching plate (22) is slidably connected with the sliding groove (151), and the float block (21) is arranged in the switching cabin (14).

2. The tank of claim 1, wherein The switching piece (2) further comprises a first limiting block (23) arranged at the bottom end of the switching plate (22) and used to limit the stroke of the switching plate (22) moving towards the direction of the float block (21).

3. The tank of claim 2, wherein The switching piece (2) further comprises a second limiting block (24) connected with the float block (21) and the switching plate (22) respectively and used to limit the stroke of the switching plate (22) moving away from the direction of the float block (21).

4. The oil tank of claim 1, wherein The switching plate (22) is in a groove type.

5. The oil tank according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The number of the switching pieces (2) is at least two groups, and the at least two groups of the switching pieces (2) are arranged in a staggered manner.

6. The oil tank according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The oil tank (100) further comprises a gas pressure balance pipe (3) arranged at the top end of the shell (1) and communicating with the left cabin (11) and the right cabin (12) at two ends respectively.

7. The oil tank according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by The channel (13) is provided with a damping plate (4) with a through hole (41).

8. An excavator characterized by comprising: The excavator comprises the oil tank (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and further comprises a machine body, and the oil tank (100) is arranged on the machine body.

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