Virtual reality system

Abstract

This application discloses a virtual reality system, including a first optical system and a second optical system. The first optical system includes a first lens barrel and first to third spacer elements housed therein, and first to fourth element groups arranged sequentially from the first to the second side along a first optical axis. The first element group includes a first lens, a reflective polarizing element, and a first quarter-wave plate. The second element group includes a second lens and a second quarter-wave plate. The third and fourth element groups each include a third and a fourth lens, respectively. The second optical system includes a second lens barrel and first to third positioning elements housed therein, and first to fifth lenses arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side along a second optical axis. The maximum field of view of the first and second optical systems and the inner diameter of the object-side end face of the first and second lens barrels closest to the first side satisfy 1.0 < [tan(FOV / 2)×d0s] / [tan(FOV' / 2)×d0s'] < 2.5.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical devices, and more specifically to a virtual reality system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of virtual reality technology, more and more lenses are being used in various virtual reality devices. Immersive experiences and seamless interaction between virtual and reality have become one of the key development directions for virtual reality devices. In order to enhance immersion and improve user experience, virtual reality devices are usually equipped with different types of lenses in addition to eyepieces that provide immersion, including perspective lenses that provide interaction with reality, positioning lenses that capture motion, and facial recognition lenses that construct facial expressions.

[0003] In light of the current state of development of virtual reality devices, one of the technical problems that those skilled in the art are currently working to solve is how to design and optimize various lenses, such as eyepieces and positioning lenses, to reduce the weight and size of the device while ensuring its optical performance, and to project real scenes captured by lenses such as positioning lenses more reasonably into the virtual world in order to further enhance the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a virtual reality system that can at least solve or partially solve at least one problem or other problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] One aspect of this application provides a virtual reality system, which may include a first optical system and a second optical system. The first optical system may include a first lens barrel and a group of spacers housed within the first lens barrel, and a first element group, a second element group, a third element group, and a fourth element group arranged sequentially from a first side to a second side along a first optical axis. The first element group includes a first lens, a reflective polarizing element, and a first quarter-wave plate; the second element group includes a second lens and a second quarter-wave plate; the third element group includes a third lens; the fourth element group includes a fourth lens; and the spacers group includes a first spacer element, a second spacer element, and a third spacer element. The second optical system may include a second lens barrel and a group of positioning elements housed within the second lens barrel, and a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side along a second optical axis. The positioning element group includes a first positioning element, a second positioning element, and a third positioning element. The real image formed by the second optical system can be transmitted to the first optical system in the form of an electrical signal. The first optical system can be used to project a virtual reality image and the real image onto an image surface disposed on the second side. The maximum field of view (FOV) of the second optical system, the inner diameter (d0s) of the end face of the second lens barrel closest to the object side, the maximum field of view (FOV') of the first optical system, and the inner diameter (d0s') of the end face of the first lens barrel closest to the first side can satisfy: 1.0 < [tan(FOV / 2) × d0s] / [tan(FOV' / 2) × d0s'] < 2.5.

[0006] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the inner diameter d0m' of the end face of the first lens barrel closest to the second side and the inner diameter d0m of the end face of the second lens barrel closest to the second side can satisfy: 1.0 < (d0s'-d0m') / (d0s-d0m) < 4.0.

[0007] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the maximum height L' of the first lens barrel along the first optical axis, the maximum height L of the second lens barrel along the second optical axis, the effective focal length f' of the first optical system and the effective focal length f of the second optical system can satisfy: (L'+L) / (f'+f)<3.0.

[0008] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the outer diameter D0s' of the end face of the first lens barrel closest to the first side and the distance TD' on the first optical axis from the first side face of the first element group to the second side face of the fourth element group may satisfy: 2.0 < D0s' / TD' < 5.0, and the outer diameter D0s of the end face of the second lens barrel closest to the object side and the distance TD on the second optical axis from the object side face of the first lens to the image side face of the fifth lens may satisfy: 0 < D0s / TD < 2.0.

[0009] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the curvature radius R2' of the second side face of the first lens, the curvature radius R8' of the second side face of the fourth lens, the maximum height L' of the first lens barrel along the first optical axis direction, the curvature radius R1 of the object side face of the first lens, the curvature radius R10 of the image side face of the fifth lens, and the maximum height L of the second lens barrel along the second optical axis direction may satisfy: -10.0 < [(R2' + R8') / L'] / [|R1 + R10| / L] < -5.0.

[0010] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the first spacer element is located on the second side of the first lens and at least partially contacts the second side face of the first lens; the second spacer element is located on the second side of the second lens and at least partially contacts the second side face of the second lens; the distance EP12' on the first optical axis from the second side face of the first spacer element to the first side face of the second spacer element, the effective focal length f2' of the second lens, the curvature radius R4' of the second side face of the second lens, and the air gap T12' between the first element group and the second element group on the first optical axis may satisfy: -20.0 < EP12' / (f2' / R4' × T12') < 0.

[0011] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the third spacer element is located on the second side of the third lens and at least partially contacts the second side face of the third lens, the curvature radius R4' of the second side face of the second lens, the curvature radius R5' of the first side face of the third lens, the distance EP23' on the first optical axis from the second side face of the second spacer element to the first side face of the third spacer element, the central thickness CT2' of the second lens on the first optical axis, the central thickness CT3' of the third lens on the first optical axis, and the dispersion coefficient V2' of the second lens may satisfy: |R4' + R5'| / [(EP23' + CT2' + CT3') × V2'] < 10.0.

[0012] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the effective focal length f1' of the first lens, the maximum thickness CP1' of the first spacer element along the first optical axis, and the air spacing T12' of the first element group and the second element group on the first optical axis can satisfy: 3.0 <f1' / (CP1'-T12')<7.0。

[0013] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the radius of curvature R6' of the second side of the third lens, the radius of curvature R7' of the first side of the fourth lens, the outer diameter D3s' of the first side of the third spacer element, and the inner diameter d3s' of the first side of the third spacer element can satisfy: -5.0<(R6'-R7') / D3s'+(R6'+R7') / d3s'<0.

[0014] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the maximum height L' of the first lens barrel along the first optical axis, the effective focal length f' of the first optical system, and the distance EP01' from the end face of the first lens barrel closest to the first side to the first side surface of the first spacer element along the first optical axis can satisfy: 1.0 < (L'-f') / EP01' < 3.0.

[0015] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the refractive index NR of the reflective polarizing element, the refractive index NQ1 of the first quarter-wave plate, the refractive index N1' of the first lens, the center thickness CT1' of the first lens on the first optical axis, the distance EP01' from the end face of the first lens barrel closest to the first side to the first side surface of the first spacer element along the first optical axis, and the maximum thickness CP1' of the first spacer element along the first optical axis can satisfy: 6.0 < (NR + NQ1) × CT1' / EP01' + N1' × CT1' / CP1' < 8.0.

[0016] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the radius of curvature R6' of the second side of the third lens, the inner diameter d2s' of the first side of the second spacer element, the refractive index N2' of the second lens, the refractive index N3' of the third lens, the refractive index NQ2 of the second quarter-wave plate, and the distance EP23' from the second side of the second spacer element to the first side of the third spacer element along the first optical axis direction can satisfy: -15.0 < (R6' - d2s') / [(N2' + N3' + NQ2) × EP23'] ≤ -5.0.

[0017] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the first positioning element is located on the image side of the first lens and is at least partially in contact with the image side of the first lens. The radius of curvature R2 of the image side of the first lens, the radius of curvature R3 of the object side of the second lens, and the inner diameter d1s of the object side of the first positioning element can satisfy: |R2+R3| / (d0s-d1s)<10.0.

[0018] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the first positioning element is located on the image side of the first lens and at least partially contacts the image side of the first lens; the second positioning element is located on the image side of the second lens and at least partially contacts the image side of the second lens; the effective focal length f1 of the first lens, the effective focal length f2 of the second lens, the refractive index N1 of the first lens, the refractive index N2 of the second lens, the inner diameter d1s of the object side of the first positioning element and the inner diameter d2s of the object side of the second positioning element can satisfy: -5.0 < (f1+f2)×(N1-N2) / (d1s-d2s) < 0.

[0019] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the dispersion coefficient V1 of the first lens, the dispersion coefficient V2 of the second lens, the radius of curvature R1 of the object side of the first lens, the radius of curvature R4 of the image side of the second lens, and the distance EP12 from the image side of the first positioning element to the object side of the second positioning element along the second optical axis direction can satisfy: -50.0 < (V1-V2)×(R1-R4) / EP12 < -20.0.

[0020] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the distance EP12 from the image side of the first positioning element to the object side of the second positioning element along the second optical axis, the distance EP23 from the image side of the second positioning element to the object side of the third positioning element along the second optical axis, the air gap T23 between the second lens and the third lens on the second optical axis, and the effective focal length f2 of the second lens can satisfy: -2.0<(EP12-EP23+T23) / f2<0.

[0021] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the radius of curvature R1 of the object side surface of the first lens, the outer diameter D1s of the object side surface of the first positioning element, the outer diameter D2s of the object side surface of the second positioning element, and the radius of curvature R3 of the object side surface of the second lens can satisfy: 0 <R1 / (D1s-D2s)-R3 / (D1s+D2s)<5.0。

[0022] According to an exemplary embodiment of this application, the combined focal length f45 of the fourth and fifth lenses, the outer diameter D3m of the image-side surface of the third positioning element, the inner diameter d3m of the image-side surface of the third positioning element, the refractive index N4 of the fourth lens, and the refractive index N5 of the fifth lens can satisfy: 0 <f45 / [(D3m-d3m)× (N4+N5)]<5.0。

[0023] The virtual reality system provided in this application is configured as a combination of a first optical system and a second optical system. The first optical system, for example, can be located within the device and is responsible for transmitting the screen image to the user's eyes, providing a sense of virtual immersion. The second optical system, for example, can collect positional data from components such as controllers and transmit it via a chip to the screen of the first optical system, helping the user determine the position of their hands on the screen. The combination of the virtual immersion provided by the first optical system and the positioning function of the second optical system can overcome the spatial limitations of virtual reality, enabling interaction between the virtual device and the real world. By setting the second optical system to include five lenses, a smaller focal length within a certain effective image plane can be achieved, resulting in a larger field of view, which helps the system more easily capture the position and orientation of the controllers. By controlling the maximum field of view of the first and second optical systems and the inner diameter of the end faces of their barrels closest to the first side and the object side, respectively, to satisfy the condition 1.0 < [tan(FOV / 2)×d0s] / [tan(FOV' / 2)×d0s'] < 2.5, it is possible to effectively block invalid light rays outside the maximum field of view from entering the optical system and generating stray light. Controlling the two optical systems to satisfy this condition can better guarantee the imaging quality of the two optical systems. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic plan view of a virtual reality system according to this application is shown;

[0026] Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram (front view) of a virtual reality system according to this application is shown;

[0027] Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram (rear view) of a virtual reality system according to this application is shown;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first optical system according to Embodiment 1 of this application is shown;

[0029] Figure 5A schematic diagram of the structure of the first optical system according to Embodiment 2 of this application is shown;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first optical system according to Embodiment 3 of this application is shown;

[0031] Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The on-axis chromatic aberration curves, astigmatism curves, and distortion curves of the first optical system according to Embodiments 1, 2, and 3 of this application are shown respectively.

[0032] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first optical system according to Embodiment 4 of this application is shown;

[0033] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first optical system according to Embodiment 5 of this application is shown;

[0034] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first optical system according to Embodiment Six of this application is shown;

[0035] Figure 13 , Figure 14 and Figure 15 The on-axis chromatic aberration curves, astigmatism curves, and distortion curves of the first optical system according to embodiments four, five, and six of this application are shown respectively.

[0036] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second optical system according to Embodiment 7 of this application is shown;

[0037] Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second optical system according to Embodiment 8 of this application is shown;

[0038] Figure 18 , Figure 19 and Figure 20 The on-axis chromatic aberration curve, astigmatism curve, and f-θ distortion curve of the second optical system according to Embodiments 7 and 8 of this application are shown respectively.

[0039] Figure 21 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second optical system according to Embodiment 9 of this application is shown;

[0040] Figure 22 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second optical system according to Embodiment 10 of this application is shown;

[0041] Figure 23 , Figure 24 and Figure 25 The on-axis chromatic aberration curves, astigmatism curves, and f-θ distortion curves of the second optical systems according to Embodiments 9 and 10 of this application are shown respectively.

[0042] Figure 26 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second optical system according to Embodiment Eleven of this application is shown;

[0043] Figure 27 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second optical system according to Embodiment Twelve of this application is shown; and

[0044] Figure 28 , Figure 29 and Figure 30 The on-axis chromatic aberration curve, astigmatism curve, and f-θ distortion curve of the second optical system according to Embodiments 11 and 12 of this application are shown respectively. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To better understand this application, various aspects of this application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these detailed descriptions are merely illustrative of exemplary embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application in any way. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements.

[0046] It should be noted that in this specification, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish one feature from another and do not imply any limitation on the features. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of this application, the first lens discussed below may also be referred to as the second lens or the third lens.

[0047] In the accompanying drawings, for ease of illustration, the thickness, size, and shape of the lenses and / or mirrors have been slightly exaggerated. Specifically, the shapes of the spherical or aspherical surfaces shown in the drawings are illustrated by way of example. That is, the shapes of the spherical or aspherical surfaces are not limited to those shown in the drawings. The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not drawn strictly to scale.

[0048] In this text, the paraxial region refers to the region near the optical axis. If the lens and / or lens surface is convex and the location of the convexity is not defined, it means that the lens and / or lens surface is convex at least in the paraxial region; if the lens and / or lens surface is concave and the location of the concaveness is not defined, it means that the lens and / or lens surface is concave at least in the paraxial region. The surface of each lens closest to the first side (e.g., the human eye side) is called the first side surface of the lens, and the surface of each lens closest to the second side (e.g., the display screen side) is called the second side surface of the lens. The surface of each lens closest to the object being photographed is called the object side surface of the lens, and the surface of each lens closest to the imaging plane is called the image side surface of the lens.

[0049] It should also be understood that the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and / or "comprising" as used in this specification indicate the presence of the stated features, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. Furthermore, when describing embodiments of this application, the word "may" is used to mean "one or more embodiments of this application." And the term "exemplary" is intended to refer to an example or illustration.

[0050] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. It should also be understood that terms (e.g., those defined in common dictionaries) shall be interpreted as having the meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense, unless expressly so specified herein.

[0051] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0052] The features, principles and other aspects of this application are described in detail below.

[0053] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first aspect of this application provides a virtual reality system that may include at least one first optical system and at least one second optical system. The second optical system is used to image real-world objects, such as capturing images of the surrounding environment and the user's body movements. The resulting real image is transmitted to the first optical system via electrical signals. The first optical system projects a virtual reality image onto an image surface disposed on a second side, along with the aforementioned real image. By combining the first and second optical systems, virtual reality fusion of the virtual reality system can be achieved. The first optical system may be configured as a catadioptric optical system, and the number of such systems may be one or more. The second optical system may be configured as a transmissive optical system, and the number of such systems may be one or more. In one example, the virtual reality system may include two symmetrically arranged first optical systems. In another example, the virtual reality system also includes a body, with the first optical system disposed, for example, on the inner side of the body, and the second optical system disposed, for example, on the outer side of the body.

[0054] In an exemplary embodiment, the first optical system may include a first lens barrel and a group of spacers, a first element group, a second element group, a third element group, and a fourth element group housed within the first lens barrel, wherein the first to fourth element groups may be arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the first optical axis.

[0055] In an exemplary embodiment, the first element group may include a first lens, a reflective polarizing element, and a first quarter-wave plate. The second element group may include a second lens and a second quarter-wave plate. The third element group may include a third lens. The fourth element group may include a fourth lens.

[0056] In an exemplary embodiment, the spacer element group may include a first spacer element, a second spacer element, and a third spacer element. The first spacer element may be located on the second side of the first lens and at least partially in contact with the second side surface of the first lens; the second spacer element may be located on the second side of the second lens and at least partially in contact with the second side surface of the second lens; and the third spacer element may be located on the second side of the third lens and at least partially in contact with the second side surface of the third lens. Proper use of spacer elements can effectively avoid stray light risks, reduce interference with image quality, and improve assembly stability, thereby enhancing the imaging quality of the optical system.

[0057] In an exemplary embodiment, the first side may be the human eye side, and the second side may be the display screen side. Accordingly, the first side of each optical element may be referred to as the near-human eye side, and the second side may be referred to as the near-screen side.

[0058] In an exemplary embodiment, the first optical system may further include a partially reflective layer, which may be attached, for example, to the second side surface of the first lens. The partially reflective layer has a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective effect on light. By providing a partially reflective layer, for example, on the second side surface of the first lens, and combining it with reflective polarizing elements and quarter-wave plates, light can be refracted multiple times, effectively reducing the overall length of the first optical system.

[0059] In an exemplary embodiment, the first optical system may further include an aperture stop, which may be disposed, for example, between the first side and the first element group. Image light from the second side, such as from a display screen, is ultimately projected onto, for example, the user's eye after multiple refractions and reflections through a fourth lens, a third lens, a second lens, a second quarter-wave plate, a first lens, a first quarter-wave plate, and a reflective polarizing element.

[0060] In an exemplary embodiment, a display screen is disposed on the image surface of the second side of the first optical system. Image light from the display screen sequentially passes through a fourth lens, a third lens, a second lens, a second quarter-wave plate, a first lens, and a first quarter-wave plate, reaching a reflective polarizing element, where it is reflected to form a first reflected image light. The first reflected image light then sequentially passes through the first quarter-wave plate and the first lens, reaching a partial reflective layer, where it is reflected to form a second reflected image light. The second reflected image light then sequentially passes through the first lens, the first quarter-wave plate, and the reflective polarizing element to the aperture stop and is finally projected onto the eye of, for example, a user, located on the first side. In other examples, the order in which the image light, the first reflected image light, and the second reflected image light pass through the various elements can be adjusted as needed. The first optical system provided in this application effectively shortens the overall length of the first optical system by folding the required optical path through a combination of light reflection and refraction without affecting the projection quality.

[0061] In an exemplary embodiment, the second optical system may include a second lens barrel and a group of positioning elements, a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens housed in the second lens barrel, wherein the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, and the fifth lens may be arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side along the second optical axis.

[0062] In an exemplary embodiment, the first lens may have negative optical power. The second lens may have negative optical power. The third lens may have positive optical power. The fourth lens may have either positive or negative optical power. The fifth lens may have either positive or negative optical power. In an exemplary embodiment, the fourth and fifth lenses may have optical powers with opposite properties.

[0063] In an exemplary embodiment, the fourth and fifth lenses can be cemented together to form a cemented doublet lens.

[0064] In an exemplary embodiment, the positioning element group may include a first positioning element, a second positioning element, and a third positioning element. The first positioning element may be located on the image side of the first lens and at least partially in contact with the image side of the first lens; the second positioning element may be located on the image side of the second lens and at least partially in contact with the image side of the second lens; and the third positioning element may be located on the image side of the third lens and at least partially in contact with the image side of the third lens. Proper use of positioning elements can effectively avoid stray light risks, reduce interference with image quality, and improve assembly stability, thereby enhancing the imaging quality of the optical system.

[0065] The first optical system in this application transmits a virtual image (e.g., including virtual reality images) located on a second side, such as a display screen, to the eyes of a user located on the first side, providing the consumer with a sense of virtual immersion. The second optical system images real-world objects; for example, it can collect position data from components like a controller and transmit the resulting real image via a chip in the second optical system to the display screen of the first optical system. The first optical system then transmits the real image from the display screen to the user, helping the user determine the position of their hands on the screen. The virtual immersion provided by the first optical system, combined with the positioning function of the second optical system, overcomes the spatial limitations of virtual reality, enabling interaction between the virtual and real worlds. This allows the user to view an image fused from virtual visuals and real-world objects, enhancing the visual immersion of the virtual reality system. By including five lenses in the second optical system, a smaller focal length within a given effective image plane can achieve a larger field of view, facilitating easier capture of the controller's position and orientation.

[0066] In an exemplary embodiment, the maximum field of view (FOV) of the second optical system, the inner diameter d0s of the end face closest to the object side of the second lens barrel, the maximum field of view (FOV') of the first optical system, and the inner diameter d0s' of the end face closest to the first side of the first lens barrel can satisfy: 1.0 < [tan(FOV / 2)×d0s] / [tan(FOV' / 2)×d0s'] < 2.5. By controlling this condition, invalid light rays outside the maximum field of view can be effectively blocked from entering the optical system and generating stray light. Controlling both optical systems to satisfy this condition can better guarantee the imaging quality of both optical systems.

[0067] The virtual reality system according to an exemplary embodiment of this application can be configured as a combination of a first optical system and a second optical system. The first optical system, for example, can be located within the screen and is responsible for transmitting the image from the screen to the user's eyes, providing a sense of virtual immersion. The second optical system, for example, can collect positional data from the controllers, etc., and transmit this data via a chip to the screen of the first optical system, helping the user determine the position of their hands on the screen. The virtual immersion provided by the first optical system, combined with the positioning function of the second optical system, can overcome the spatial limitations of virtual reality, enabling interaction between the virtual device and the real world. By including five lenses in the second optical system, a smaller focal length within a certain effective image plane can be achieved, resulting in a larger field of view, which helps the system more easily capture the position and orientation of the controllers. By controlling the maximum field of view of the first and second optical systems and the inner diameter of the end faces of their barrels closest to the first side and the object side, respectively, to satisfy the condition 1.0 < [tan(FOV / 2)×d0s] / [tan(FOV' / 2)×d0s'] < 2.5, it is possible to effectively block invalid light rays outside the maximum field of view from entering the optical system and generating stray light. Controlling the two optical systems to satisfy this condition can better guarantee the imaging quality of the two optical systems.

[0068] In an exemplary embodiment, the inner diameters d0s' of the end face closest to the first side of the first lens barrel, d0m' of the end face closest to the second side of the first lens barrel, and d0s and d0m of the end face closest to the object side of the second lens barrel can satisfy: 1.0 < (d0s' - d0m') / (d0s - d0m) < 4.0. By controlling this conditional expression, the sizes of the first and second optical systems can be controlled, thereby more rationally allocating the image transmitted from the chip of the second optical system to the screen of the first optical system. Controlling the above ratio is beneficial for image conversion between the two optical systems. More specifically, d0s', d0m', d0s, and d0m can further satisfy 2.0 < (d0s' - d0m') / (d0s - d0m) < 3.0.

[0069] In an exemplary embodiment, the maximum height L' of the first lens barrel along the first optical axis, the maximum height L of the second lens barrel along the second optical axis, the effective focal length f' of the first optical system, and the effective focal length f of the second optical system can satisfy: (L'+L) / (f'+f)<3.0. By controlling this conditional expression, it is beneficial to control the shape of each lens in the optical system to ensure the reflection length of the first optical system, which is beneficial to reduce the screen size and thus compress the height of the virtual reality device.

[0070] In an exemplary embodiment, the outer diameter D0s' of the end face of the first lens barrel closest to the first side and the distance TD' on the first optical axis from the first side face of the first element group to the second side face of the fourth element group may satisfy: 2.0 < D0s' / TD' < 5.0. The outer diameter D0s of the end face of the second lens barrel closest to the object side and the distance TD on the second optical axis from the object side face of the first lens to the image side face of the fifth lens may satisfy: 0 < D0s / TD < 2.0. By controlling the above conditional expressions, the overall optical length of the two systems can be controlled, which is beneficial to the reasonable size of the external shape ratio of the two optical systems, can make the lens and lens barrel structures more reasonable, and is beneficial to the miniaturization of the virtual reality device.

[0071] In an exemplary embodiment, the radius of curvature R2' of the second side face of the first lens, the radius of curvature R8' of the second side face of the fourth lens, the maximum height L' of the first lens barrel along the first optical axis, the radius of curvature R1 of the object side face of the first lens, the radius of curvature R10 of the image side face of the fifth lens, and the maximum height L of the second lens barrel along the second optical axis may satisfy: -10.0 < [(R2' + R8') / L'] / [|R1 + R10| / L] < -5.0. By controlling this conditional expression, on the one hand, it is beneficial to reduce the sensitivity of the lenses or lenses of the first optical system and the second optical system, improve the assembly yield rate, and at the same time ensure the uniformity and processability of the lenses or lenses; on the other hand, the sizes of the lenses or lenses, lens barrels, and spacer elements or positioning elements can be controlled, and the overall size of the virtual reality device can be compressed.

[0072] In an exemplary embodiment, the distance EP12' on the first optical axis from the second side face of the first spacer element to the first side face of the second spacer element, the effective focal length f2' of the second lens, the radius of curvature R4' of the second side face of the second lens, and the air gap T12' between the first element group and the second element group on the first optical axis may satisfy: -20.0 < EP12' / (f2' / R4'×T12') < 0. By controlling this conditional expression, the mechanical edge thickness of the second lens can be controlled to be equivalent to the effective diameter thickness, which is beneficial to better uniformity of the overall lens thickness, control the thickness ratio of the lens in the best molding state, and is beneficial to ensuring a reasonable size layout of the entire optical structure and ensuring assembly stability by controlling the radius of curvature of the second lens.

[0073] In an exemplary embodiment, the radius of curvature R4' of the second side surface of the second lens, the radius of curvature R5' of the first side surface of the third lens, the distance EP23' along the first optical axis direction from the second side surface of the second spacer element to the first side surface of the third spacer element, the central thickness CT2' of the second lens on the first optical axis, the central thickness CT3' of the third lens on the first optical axis, and the dispersion coefficient V2' of the second lens may satisfy: |R4'+R5'| / [(EP23'+CT2'+CT3') ×V2']<10.0. By controlling this conditional expression, it is beneficial to reduce the sensitivity of the optical system and improve the assembly yield; it is beneficial to control the thickness ratio of the lens to make the lens better formed, while ensuring that the spacer satisfies both the supportability for the lens and the processability; and it is beneficial to improve the imaging quality of the entire optical system and ensure its assembly stability.

[0074] In an exemplary embodiment, the effective focal length f1' of the first lens, the maximum thickness CP1' of the first spacer element along the first optical axis direction, and the air gap T12' between the first element group and the second element group on the first optical axis may satisfy: 3.0<f1' / (CP1'-T12')<7.0. By controlling this conditional expression, on the one hand, the shape of the lens can be controlled to facilitate the forming of the first lens; on the other hand, the optical power of the two lenses can be controlled. By reasonably distributing the optical power of the system, it is beneficial to correct the aberration of the first optical system, thereby improving the imaging quality.

[0075] In an exemplary embodiment, the radius of curvature R6' of the second side surface of the third lens, the radius of curvature R7' of the first side surface of the fourth lens, the outer diameter D3s' of the first side surface of the third spacer element, and the inner diameter d3s' of the first side surface of the third spacer element may satisfy: -5.0<(R6'-R7') / D3s'+(R6'+R7') / d3s'<0. By controlling this conditional expression, it is beneficial to control the exit angle of the light rays to meet the CRA requirements of the chip; and it is beneficial to block the excess light rays to avoid the generation of stray light phenomenon.

[0076] In an exemplary embodiment, the maximum height L' of the first barrel along the first optical axis direction, the effective focal length f' of the first optical system, and the distance EP01' along the first optical axis direction from the end face of the first barrel closest to the first side to the first side surface of the first spacer element may satisfy: 1.0<(L'-f') / EP01'<3.0. By controlling this conditional expression, it is possible to improve the decline in the performance of the image distortion caused by the movement of the pupil when the human eye rotates; and it is possible to prevent the first lens from protruding from the section on the first side of the barrel and causing scratches on the lens.

[0077] In an exemplary embodiment, the refractive index NR of the reflective polarizing element, the refractive index NQ1 of the first quarter-wave plate, the refractive index N1' of the first lens, the center thickness CT1' of the first lens on the first optical axis, the distance EP01' from the end face of the first lens barrel closest to the first side to the first side surface of the first spacer element along the first optical axis, and the maximum thickness CP1' of the first spacer element along the first optical axis can satisfy: 6.0 < (NR + NQ1) × CT1' / EP01' + N1' × CT1' / CP1' < 8.0. By controlling this conditional expression, on the one hand, the elements in the first optical system can be thicker, which is beneficial for diaphragm attachment; on the other hand, the effective focal length of the optical system can be reduced; and it can also ensure a reasonable distribution of other lenses in the entire optical system, which is beneficial to the stability of the entire optical system.

[0078] In an exemplary embodiment, the radius of curvature R6' of the second side surface of the third lens, the inner diameter d2s' of the first side surface of the second spacer element, the refractive index N2' of the second lens, the refractive index N3' of the third lens, the refractive index NQ2 of the second quarter-wave plate, and the distance EP23' from the second side surface of the second spacer element to the first side surface of the third spacer element along the first optical axis can satisfy: -15.0 < (R6' - d2s') / [(N2' + N3' + NQ2) × EP23'] ≤ -5.0. By controlling this conditional expression, on the one hand, it is beneficial to control the refractive index of the light rays in the entire optical system to smoothly transition to the subsequent lenses and ensure the intensity of the second lens with the attached quarter-wave plate; on the other hand, it can reduce the effective focal length of the first optical system, which is conducive to increasing the field of view of the first optical system.

[0079] In an exemplary embodiment, the radius of curvature R2 of the image-side surface of the first lens, the radius of curvature R3 of the object-side surface of the second lens, and the inner diameter d1s of the object-side surface of the first positioning element can satisfy: |R2+R3| / (d0s-d1s)<10.0. By controlling this conditional expression, the surface shape of the two lenses can be constrained, ensuring the uniformity and manufacturability of the lenses; it can help ensure sufficient brightness in the field of view of the optical system, and can help block excess light to prevent stray light, thus ensuring the imaging quality of the optical system.

[0080] In an exemplary embodiment, the effective focal length f1 of the first lens, the effective focal length f2 of the second lens, the refractive index N1 of the first lens, the refractive index N2 of the second lens, the inner diameter d1s of the object side of the first positioning element, and the inner diameter d2s of the object side of the second positioning element may satisfy: -5.0 < (f1 + f2) × (N1 - N2) / (d1s - d2s) < 0. By controlling this conditional expression, it is beneficial to the light path and ensures the processability of the lens. It is beneficial to ensure that the positioning element and the lens have a certain bearing area to guarantee the stability of the optical system. At the same time, it is beneficial to block excess light and prevent stray light from being generated.

[0081] In an exemplary embodiment, the dispersion coefficient V1 of the first lens, the dispersion coefficient V2 of the second lens, the curvature radius R1 of the object side of the first lens, the curvature radius R4 of the image side of the second lens, and the distance EP12 from the image side of the first positioning element to the object side of the second positioning element along the second optical axis direction may satisfy: -50.0 < (V1 - V2) × (R1 - R4) / EP12 < -20.0. By controlling this conditional expression, it is beneficial to improve the imaging quality of the optical system; it is beneficial to achieve a large refraction of light to reduce the diameter of the second lens and ensure the size of the entire optical system; it is beneficial to ensure the edge thickness of the second lens, which is beneficial to the overall uniformity of the entire lens and beneficial to lens forming.

[0082] In an exemplary embodiment, the distance EP12 from the image side of the first positioning element to the object side of the second positioning element along the second optical axis direction, the distance EP23 from the image side of the second positioning element to the object side of the third positioning element along the second optical axis direction, the air gap T23 between the second lens and the third lens on the second optical axis, and the effective focal length f2 of the second lens may satisfy: -2.0 < (EP12 - EP23 + T23) / f2 < 0. By controlling this conditional expression, on the one hand, it is beneficial to ensure the mechanical diameter thickness of the second lens and the third lens, make the lens wall thickness more uniform, and ensure processability; on the other hand, it can improve the sensitivity of the optical system and significantly enhance the performance of the entire optical system.

[0083] In an exemplary embodiment, the curvature radius R1 of the object side of the first lens, the outer diameter D1s of the object side of the first positioning element, the outer diameter D2s of the object side of the second positioning element, and the curvature radius R3 of the object side of the second lens may satisfy: 0 < R1 / (D1s - D2s) - R3 / (D1s + D2s) < 5.0. By controlling this conditional expression, on the one hand, it is beneficial to reduce the step difference between two adjacent lenses in the optical system, ensure the structural rationality of the optical system, and make the lens structure more stable; on the other hand, it is beneficial to increase the field angle of the optical system, ensure that light enters the optical system, and is beneficial to make light pass through reasonable refraction and transmit to the chip.

[0084] In an exemplary embodiment, the combined focal length f45 of the fourth lens and the fifth lens, the outer diameter D3m of the image side surface of the third positioning element, the inner diameter d3m of the image side surface of the third positioning element, the refractive index N4 of the fourth lens, and the refractive index N5 of the fifth lens may satisfy: 0 < f45 / [(D3m - d3m) × (N4 + N5)] < 5.0. By controlling this conditional expression, it is possible to balance the aberration generated by the front-end optical element, making the overall aberration at a reasonable level; it is possible to make the third positioning element satisfy the lens supportability while ensuring the machinability of the positioning element.

[0085] The virtual reality system according to the above embodiment of the present application is composed of a first optical system and a second optical system. Among them, the first optical system can use multiple lenses, such as the four lenses described above. At the same time, the first optical system can also include a spacer element group; the second optical system can use multiple lenses, such as the five lenses described above. At the same time, the second optical system can also include a positioning element group. By reasonably configuring the structures and parameters of the first optical system and the second optical system, the system performance can be improved, and the imaging quality and visual immersion of the virtual reality system can be improved. The eyepiece (first optical system) and the positioning lens (second optical system) are paired together, strengthening the positioning effect of the handle and greatly improving the user experience. And the virtual reality system configured as above has the characteristics of miniaturization and good imaging quality, and can well meet the usage requirements of various portable electronic products in the projection scenario.

[0086] In an embodiment of the present application, at least one of the lens surfaces of each of the first lens to the fourth lens in the first optical system may be an aspherical lens surface. The characteristic of an aspherical lens is that the curvature changes continuously from the center of the lens to the periphery of the lens. Different from a spherical lens with a constant curvature from the center of the lens to the periphery of the lens, an aspherical lens has better curvature radius characteristics and has the advantages of improving distortion aberration and improving astigmatism aberration. After using an aspherical lens, it is possible to eliminate the aberration that appears during imaging as much as possible, thereby improving the imaging quality. Similarly, at least one of the lens surfaces of each of the first lens to the fifth lens in the second optical system may also be an aspherical lens surface.

[0087] However, those skilled in the art should understand that without departing from the technical solutions claimed in the present application, the number of lenses and / or lenses constituting the optical system can be changed to obtain the various results and advantages described in this specification.

[0088] The following further describes specific embodiments of the first optical system applicable to the above embodiments with reference to the drawings.

[0089] Example 1

[0090] The following is for reference Figure 4 A first optical system according to Embodiment 1 of this application is described.

[0091] like Figure 4 As shown, the first optical system 100 includes a first lens barrel P0' and a first element group, a second element group, a third element group, and a fourth element group arranged sequentially from a first side to a second side along a first optical axis within the first lens barrel P0'. The first element group includes a reflective polarizing element RP, a first quarter-wave plate QWP1, and a first lens E1'. The second element group includes a second quarter-wave plate QWP2 and a second lens E2'. The third element group includes a third lens E3'. The fourth element group includes a fourth lens E4'. Furthermore, the first optical system 100 also includes a third quarter-wave plate QWP3 and an image plane IMG located on the second side of the fourth element group.

[0092] In this embodiment, the first optical system 100 further includes a group of spacers. The group of spacers includes a first spacer P1', a second spacer P2', and a third spacer P3', wherein the first spacer P1' is located on the second side of the first lens E1' and at least partially contacts the second side surface of the first lens E1'; the second spacer P2' is located on the second side of the second lens E2' and at least partially contacts the second side surface of the second lens E2'; and the third spacer P3' may be located on the second side of the third lens E3' and at least partially contacts the second side surface of the third lens E3'.

[0093] In this embodiment, the first side can be the human eye side, and the second side can be the display screen (monitor) side. The first side of each component is referred to as the side near the human eye, and the second side is referred to as the side near the screen.

[0094] In this embodiment, the reflective polarizing element RP has a near-eye side S1 and a near-screen side. The near-screen side of the reflective polarizing element RP is attached to the near-eye side S2 of the first quarter-wave plate QWP1. The near-screen side of the first quarter-wave plate QWP1 is attached to the near-eye side S3 of the first lens E1'. The first lens E1' also has a near-screen side S4. The first element group consisting of the reflective polarizing element RP, the first quarter-wave plate QWP1, and the first lens E1' has positive optical power. The second quarter-wave plate QWP2 has a near-eye side S5 and a near-screen side. The near-screen side of the second quarter-wave plate QWP2 is attached to the near-eye side S6 of the second lens E2'. The second lens E2' also has a near-screen side S7. The second element group consisting of the second quarter-wave plate QWP2 and the second lens E2' has negative optical power. The third lens E3' has positive optical power and has a near-eye side S8 and a near-screen side S9. The fourth lens E4' has positive optical power and has a near-eye side S10 and a near-screen side S11. The third quarter-wave plate QWP3 has a near-eye side S12 and a near-screen side, and the near-screen side of the third quarter-wave plate QWP3 can be attached to the image plane IMG.

[0095] In this embodiment, the image surface IMG disposed on the second side of the first optical system 100 may, for example, be a display screen. Image light from the display screen sequentially passes through the third quarter-wave plate QWP3, the fourth lens E4', the third lens E3', the second lens E2', the second quarter-wave plate QWP2, the first lens E1', and the first quarter-wave plate QWP1 to reach the near-screen side of the reflective polarizing element RP, where a first reflection occurs. The light after the first reflection passes through the first quarter-wave plate QWP1 and the first lens E1' to reach the near-screen side S4 of the first lens E1', where a second reflection occurs. The light after the second reflection sequentially passes through the first lens E1', the first quarter-wave plate QWP1, and the reflective polarizing element RP and is finally projected onto a target object (not shown) in space. For example, the light from the first optical system 100 after two reflections can finally be projected into the user's eye. A partial reflective layer BS may, for example, be disposed at the near-screen side S4 of the first lens E1'.

[0096] Table 1 shows the basic parameters of the first optical system in Embodiment 1, where the units for radius of curvature and thickness / distance are millimeters (mm). Image light from the display screen (monitor) passes through each element in sequence from number 20 to the object surface and is finally projected into the human eye.

[0097]

[0098] Table 1

[0099] In this embodiment, the near-screen side S4 of the first lens E1', the near-screen side S7 of the second lens E2', the near-eye side S8 and the near-screen side S9 of the third lens E3', and the near-eye side S10 and the near-screen side S11 of the fourth lens E4' are all aspherical, and the surface shape of each aspherical lens is... The following aspherical formulas can be used for limitation:

[0100] (1)

[0101] in, For an aspherical surface along the optical axis at a height of h When the position is such that the distance from the vertex of the non-spherical surface is the sag; c For the paraxial curvature of an aspherical surface, c =1 / R' (i.e., paraxial curvature) c (The reciprocal of the radius of curvature R' in Table 1 above). k The conic coefficient; Ai Is it an aspherical first i -th order correction coefficients. Tables 2-1 and 2-2 give the higher-order coefficients that can be used for the aspherical mirrors S4, S7-S11 in Example 1. A 4 , A 6 , A 8 , A 10 , A 12 , A 14 , A 16 , A 18 , A 20 , A 22 , A 24 , A 26 , A 28 and A 30 .

[0102]

[0103] Table 2-1

[0104]

[0105] Table 2-2

[0106] Example 2

[0107] The following is for reference Figure 5 A first optical system according to Embodiment 2 of this application is described.

[0108] like Figure 5 As shown, the first optical system 100 includes a first lens barrel P0' and first to fourth element groups and a spacer group housed within the first lens barrel P0'. The first element group includes a reflective polarizing element RP, a first quarter-wave plate QWP1, and a first lens E1'. The second element group includes a second quarter-wave plate QWP2 and a second lens E2'. The third element group includes a third lens E3'. The fourth element group includes a fourth lens E4'. The spacer group includes a first spacer P1', a second spacer P2', and a third spacer P3'. In this embodiment, the first optical system 100 also includes a third quarter-wave plate QWP3 located on the second side of the fourth element group and an image plane IMG.

[0109] The structure of the optical element group in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1. That is, the basic parameter table of the first optical system in this embodiment is the same as that in Table 1, and the aspherical coefficient table is the same as that in Tables 2-1 and 2-2. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the structural dimensions of the first lens barrel P0' and some of the spacer elements P1', P2', and P3' are different. For example, the parameters such as the inner diameter d2s' of the first side of the second spacer, the inner diameter d3s' of the first side of the third spacer, the outer diameter D3s' of the first side of the third spacer, the inner diameter d0s' of the end face closest to the first side of the first lens barrel, the inner diameter d0m' of the end face closest to the second side of the first lens barrel, the outer diameter D0s' of the end face closest to the first side of the first lens barrel, the distance EP01' from the end face closest to the first side of the first lens barrel to the first side of the first spacer element along the first optical axis, the distance EP12' from the second side of the first spacer element to the first side of the second spacer element along the first optical axis, the distance EP23' from the second side of the second spacer element to the first side of the third spacer element along the first optical axis, and the maximum height L' of the first lens barrel along the first optical axis are different.

[0110] Example 3

[0111] The following is for reference Figure 6 The first optical system according to Embodiment 3 of this application is described.

[0112] like Figure 6As shown, the first optical system 100 includes a first lens barrel P0' and first to fourth element groups and a spacer group housed within the first lens barrel P0'. The first element group includes a reflective polarizing element RP, a first quarter-wave plate QWP1, and a first lens E1'. The second element group includes a second quarter-wave plate QWP2 and a second lens E2'. The third element group includes a third lens E3'. The fourth element group includes a fourth lens E4'. The spacer group includes a first spacer P1', a second spacer P2', and a third spacer P3'. In this embodiment, the first optical system 100 also includes a third quarter-wave plate QWP3 located on the second side of the fourth element group and an image plane IMG.

[0113] The structure of the optical element group in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1. That is, the basic parameter table of the first optical system in this embodiment is the same as that in Table 1, and the aspherical coefficient table is the same as that in Tables 2-1 and 2-2. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the structural dimensions of the first lens barrel P0' and some of the spacer elements P1', P2', and P3' are different. For example, the parameters such as the inner diameter d2s' of the first side of the second spacer, the inner diameter d3s' of the first side of the third spacer, the outer diameter D3s' of the first side of the third spacer, the inner diameter d0s' of the end face closest to the first side of the first lens barrel, the inner diameter d0m' of the end face closest to the second side of the first lens barrel, the outer diameter D0s' of the end face closest to the first side of the first lens barrel, the distance EP01' from the end face closest to the first side of the first lens barrel to the first side of the first spacer element along the first optical axis, the distance EP12' from the second side of the first spacer element to the first side of the second spacer element along the first optical axis, the distance EP23' from the second side of the second spacer element to the first side of the third spacer element along the first optical axis, and the maximum height L' of the first lens barrel along the first optical axis are different.

[0114] Table 3 provides some basic parameters of the first lens tube P0' and each spacer element P1', P2', P3' in Examples 1 to 3, such as d2s', d3s', D3s', d0s', d0m', D0s', EP01', EP12', EP23' and L'. The unit of the basic parameters listed in Table 3 is millimeters (mm).

[0115]

[0116] Table 3

[0117] Figure 7 The on-axis chromatic aberration curves of the first optical system 100 in Embodiments 1, 2, and 3 are shown, which represent the deviation of the focal point of light of different wavelengths after passing through the visual system 100. Figure 8The astigmatism curves of the first optical system 100 in Embodiments 1, 2, and 3 are shown, which represent the meridional image plane curvature and sagittal image plane curvature corresponding to different field of view angles. Figure 9 The distortion curves of the first optical system 100 in Embodiments 1, 2, and 3 are shown, representing the distortion magnitude values ​​corresponding to different field of view angles. According to... Figures 7 to 9 It can be seen that the first optical system 100 given in Embodiments 1, 2 and 3 can achieve good imaging quality.

[0118] Example 4

[0119] The following is for reference Figure 10 A first optical system according to Embodiment 4 of this application is described.

[0120] like Figure 10 As shown, the first optical system 100 includes a first lens barrel P0' and a first element group, a second element group, a third element group, and a fourth element group arranged sequentially from a first side to a second side along a first optical axis within the first lens barrel P0'. The first element group includes a reflective polarizing element RP, a first quarter-wave plate QWP1, and a first lens E1'. The second element group includes a second quarter-wave plate QWP2 and a second lens E2'. The third element group includes a third lens E3'. The fourth element group includes a fourth lens E4'. Furthermore, the first optical system 100 also includes a third quarter-wave plate QWP3 and an image plane IMG located on the second side of the fourth element group.

[0121] In this embodiment, the first optical system 100 further includes a group of spacers. The group of spacers includes a first spacer P1', a second spacer P2', and a third spacer P3', wherein the first spacer P1' is located on the second side of the first lens E1' and at least partially contacts the second side surface of the first lens E1'; the second spacer P2' is located on the second side of the second lens E2' and at least partially contacts the second side surface of the second lens E2'; and the third spacer P3' may be located on the second side of the third lens E3' and at least partially contacts the second side surface of the third lens E3'.

[0122] In this embodiment, the first side can be the human eye side, and the second side can be the display screen (monitor) side. The first side of each component is referred to as the side near the human eye, and the second side is referred to as the side near the screen.

[0123] In this embodiment, the reflective polarizing element RP has a near-eye side S1 and a near-screen side. The near-screen side of the reflective polarizing element RP is attached to the near-eye side S2 of the first quarter-wave plate QWP1. The near-screen side of the first quarter-wave plate QWP1 is attached to the near-eye side S3 of the first lens E1'. The first lens E1' also has a near-screen side S4. The first element group consisting of the reflective polarizing element RP, the first quarter-wave plate QWP1, and the first lens E1' has positive optical power. The second quarter-wave plate QWP2 has a near-eye side S5 and a near-screen side. The near-screen side of the second quarter-wave plate QWP2 is attached to the near-eye side S6 of the second lens E2'. The second lens E2' also has a near-screen side S7. The second element group consisting of the second quarter-wave plate QWP2 and the second lens E2' has negative optical power. The third lens E3' has positive optical power and has a near-eye side S8 and a near-screen side S9. The fourth lens E4' has positive optical power and has a near-eye side S10 and a near-screen side S11. The third quarter-wave plate QWP3 has a near-eye side S12 and a near-screen side, and the near-screen side of the third quarter-wave plate QWP3 can be attached to the image plane IMG.

[0124] In this embodiment, the image surface IMG disposed on the second side of the first optical system 100 may, for example, be a display screen. Image light from the display screen sequentially passes through the third quarter-wave plate QWP3, the fourth lens E4', the third lens E3', the second lens E2', the second quarter-wave plate QWP2, the first lens E1', and the first quarter-wave plate QWP1 to reach the near-screen side of the reflective polarizing element RP, where a first reflection occurs. The light after the first reflection passes through the first quarter-wave plate QWP1 and the first lens E1' to reach the near-screen side S4 of the first lens E1', where a second reflection occurs. The light after the second reflection sequentially passes through the first lens E1', the first quarter-wave plate QWP1, and the reflective polarizing element RP and is finally projected onto a target object (not shown) in space. For example, the light from the first optical system 100 after two reflections can finally be projected into the user's eye. A partial reflective layer BS may, for example, be disposed at the near-screen side S4 of the first lens E1'.

[0125] Table 4 shows the basic parameters of the first optical system in Embodiment 4, where the units for radius of curvature and thickness / distance are millimeters (mm). Image light from the display screen (monitor) passes through each element in sequence from number 20 to the object surface and is finally projected into the human eye.

[0126]

[0127] Table 4

[0128] In this embodiment, the near-screen side S4 of the first lens E1', the near-screen side S7 of the second lens E2', the near-eye side S8 and the near-screen side S9 of the third lens E3', and the near-eye side S10 and the near-screen side S11 of the fourth lens E4' are all aspherical surfaces, and the surface shape of each aspherical surface can be defined by formula (1) given in the first embodiment above. Tables 5-1 and 5-2 give the higher-order coefficients that can be used for each aspherical mirror surface S4, S7-S11 in the second embodiment. A 4 , A 6 , A 8 , A 10 , A 12 , A 14 , A 16 , A 18 , A 20 , A 22 , A 24 , A 26 , A 28 and A 30 .

[0129]

[0130] Table 5-1

[0131]

[0132] Table 5-2

[0133] Example 5

[0134] The following is for reference Figure 11 A first optical system according to Embodiment 5 of this application is described.

[0135] like Figure 11As shown, the first optical system 100 includes a first lens barrel P0' and first to fourth element groups and a spacer group housed within the first lens barrel P0'. The first element group includes a reflective polarizing element RP, a first quarter-wave plate QWP1, and a first lens E1'. The second element group includes a second quarter-wave plate QWP2 and a second lens E2'. The third element group includes a third lens E3'. The fourth element group includes a fourth lens E4'. The spacer group includes a first spacer P1', a second spacer P2', and a third spacer P3'. In this embodiment, the first optical system 100 also includes a third quarter-wave plate QWP3 located on the second side of the fourth element group and an image plane IMG.

[0136] The structure of the optical element group in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 4. That is, the basic parameter table of the first optical system in this embodiment is the same as that in Table 4, and the aspherical coefficient table is the same as that in Tables 5-1 and 5-2. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 4 is that the structural dimensions of the first lens barrel P0' and some of the spacer elements P1', P2', and P3' are different. For example, the parameters such as the inner diameter d2s' of the first side of the second spacer, the inner diameter d3s' of the first side of the third spacer, the outer diameter D3s' of the first side of the third spacer, the inner diameter d0s' of the end face closest to the first side of the first lens barrel, the inner diameter d0m' of the end face closest to the second side of the first lens barrel, the outer diameter D0s' of the end face closest to the first side of the first lens barrel, the distance EP01' from the end face closest to the first side of the first lens barrel to the first side of the first spacer element along the first optical axis, the distance EP12' from the second side of the first spacer element to the first side of the second spacer element along the first optical axis, the distance EP23' from the second side of the second spacer element to the first side of the third spacer element along the first optical axis, and the maximum height L' of the first lens barrel along the first optical axis are different.

[0137] Example 6

[0138] The following is for reference Figure 12 A first optical system according to Embodiment Six of this application is described.

[0139] like Figure 12As shown, the first optical system 100 includes a first lens barrel P0' and first to fourth element groups and a spacer group housed within the first lens barrel P0'. The first element group includes a reflective polarizing element RP, a first quarter-wave plate QWP1, and a first lens E1'. The second element group includes a second quarter-wave plate QWP2 and a second lens E2'. The third element group includes a third lens E3'. The fourth element group includes a fourth lens E4'. The spacer group includes a first spacer P1', a second spacer P2', and a third spacer P3'. In this embodiment, the first optical system 100 also includes a third quarter-wave plate QWP3 located on the second side of the fourth element group and an image plane IMG.

[0140] The structure of the optical element group in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 4. That is, the basic parameter table of the first optical system in this embodiment is the same as that in Table 4, and the aspherical coefficient table is the same as that in Tables 5-1 and 5-2. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 4 is that the structural dimensions of the first lens barrel P0' and some of the spacer elements P1', P2', and P3' are different. For example, the parameters such as the inner diameter d2s' of the first side of the second spacer, the inner diameter d3s' of the first side of the third spacer, the outer diameter D3s' of the first side of the third spacer, the inner diameter d0s' of the end face closest to the first side of the first lens barrel, the inner diameter d0m' of the end face closest to the second side of the first lens barrel, the outer diameter D0s' of the end face closest to the first side of the first lens barrel, the distance EP01' from the end face closest to the first side of the first lens barrel to the first side of the first spacer element along the first optical axis, the distance EP12' from the second side of the first spacer element to the first side of the second spacer element along the first optical axis, the distance EP23' from the second side of the second spacer element to the first side of the third spacer element along the first optical axis, and the maximum height L' of the first lens barrel along the first optical axis are different.

[0141] Table 6 provides some basic parameters of the first lens tube P0' and each spacer element P1', P2', P3' in Examples 4 to 6, such as d2s', d3s', D3s', d0s', d0m', D0s', EP01', EP12', EP23' and L'. The unit of the basic parameters listed in Table 6 is millimeters (mm).

[0142]

[0143] Table 6

[0144] Figure 13 The on-axis chromatic aberration curves of the first optical system 100 in embodiments four, five, and six are shown, which represent the deflection of the focal point of light of different wavelengths after passing through the visual system 100. Figure 14Astigmatism curves of the first optical system 100 in embodiments four, five, and six are shown, representing the meridional image plane curvature and sagittal image plane curvature corresponding to different field of view angles. Figure 15 The distortion curves of the first optical system 100 in embodiments four, five, and six are shown, representing the distortion magnitude values ​​corresponding to different field of view angles. According to... Figures 13 to 15 It can be seen that the first optical system 100 given in embodiments four, five and six can achieve good imaging quality.

[0145] Furthermore, in Embodiments 1 to 6, the total effective focal length f' of the first optical system, the effective focal length f1' of the first element group, the effective focal length f2' of the second element group, the effective focal length f3' of the third lens E3', the effective focal length f4' of the fourth lens E4', and the maximum field of view FOV' of the first optical system are shown in Table 7.

[0146]

[0147] Table 7

[0148] The following describes a specific embodiment of the second optical system applicable to the above embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0149] Example 7

[0150] The following is for reference Figure 16 A second optical system according to Embodiment Seven of this application is described.

[0151] like Figure 16 As shown, the second optical system 200 includes a second lens barrel P0 and a first lens E1, a second lens E2, a third lens E3, a fourth lens E4, and a fifth lens E5 arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side along the second optical axis within the second lens barrel P0. The fourth lens E4 and the fifth lens E5 are cemented together to form a cemented doublet lens.

[0152] In this embodiment, the second optical system 200 further includes a positioning element group, which includes a first positioning element P1, a second positioning element P2, and a third positioning element P3. Specifically, the first positioning element P1 is located on the image side of the first lens E1 and at least partially contacts the image side of the first lens E1; the second positioning element P2 is located on the image side of the second lens E2 and at least partially contacts the image side of the second lens E2; and the third positioning element P3 is located on the image side of the third lens E3 and at least partially contacts the image side of the third lens E3.

[0153] In this embodiment, the first lens E1 has negative optical power, its object-side surface S1 is convex, and its image-side surface S2 is concave. The second lens E2 has negative optical power, its object-side surface S3 is concave, and its image-side surface S4 is concave. The third lens E3 has positive optical power, its object-side surface S5 is convex, and its image-side surface S6 is concave. The fourth lens E4 has positive optical power, its object-side surface S7 is convex, and its image-side surface S8 is convex. The fifth lens E5 has negative optical power, its object-side surface S8 is concave, and its image-side surface S9 is convex.

[0154] Table 8 shows the basic parameters of the second optical system in Embodiment 7, where the units for radius of curvature and thickness / distance are millimeters (mm).

[0155]

[0156] Table 8

[0157] In this embodiment, the object-side surface and image-side surface of any one of the second lens E2 to the fifth lens E5 are aspherical, and the surface shape of each aspherical lens is... The following aspherical formulas can be used for limitation:

[0158] (1)

[0159] in, For an aspherical surface along the optical axis at a height of h When the position is such that the distance from the vertex of the non-spherical surface is the sag; c For the paraxial curvature of an aspherical surface, c =1 / R (i.e., paraxial curvature) c (The reciprocal of the radius of curvature R in Table 1 above). k The conic coefficient; Ai Is it an aspherical first i -th order correction coefficients. Table 9 lists the higher-order coefficients applicable to the aspherical mirrors S3-S9 in Example 7. A 4 , A 6 , A 8 , A 10 , A 12 , A 14 and A 16 .

[0160]

[0161] Table 9

[0162] Example 8

[0163] The following is for reference Figure 17 A second optical system according to Embodiment 8 of this application is described.

[0164] like Figure 17 As shown, the second optical system 200 includes a second lens barrel P0 and a first lens E1, a second lens E2, a third lens E3, a fourth lens E4, and a fifth lens E5 arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side along the second optical axis within the second lens barrel P0. The fourth lens E4 and the fifth lens E5 are cemented together to form a cemented doublet lens. In this embodiment, the second optical system 200 also includes a positioning element group, which includes a first positioning element P1, a second positioning element P2, and a third positioning element P3.

[0165] The structure of the five-element lens group in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 7. That is, the basic parameter table of the second optical system in this embodiment is the same as that in Table 8, and the aspherical coefficient table is the same as that in Table 9. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 7 is that some structural dimensions of the second lens barrel P0, the first positioning element P1, the second positioning element P2, and the third positioning element P3 are different. For example, the inner diameter d1s of the object side surface of the first positioning element P1, the outer diameter D1s of the object side surface of the first positioning element P1, the inner diameter d2s of the object side surface of the second positioning element P2, the outer diameter D2s of the object side surface of the second positioning element P2, the inner diameter d3m of the image side surface of the third positioning element P3, the outer diameter D3m of the image side surface of the third positioning element P3, the inner diameter d0s of the object side end face of the second lens barrel, the inner diameter d0m of the image side end face of the second lens barrel, the outer diameter D0s of the object side end face of the second lens barrel, the distance EP12 from the image side surface of the first positioning element to the object side surface of the second positioning element along the second optical axis, the distance EP23 from the image side surface of the second positioning element to the object side surface of the third positioning element along the second optical axis, and the maximum height L of the second lens barrel P0 along the second optical axis are different.

[0166] Table 10 provides some basic parameters of the second lens barrel P0, the first positioning element P1, the second positioning element P2, and the third positioning element P3 in Embodiments 7 and 8, such as d1s, D1s, d2s, D2s, d3m, D3m, d0s, d0m, D0s, EP12, EP23, and L. The unit of the basic parameters listed in Table 10 is millimeters (mm).

[0167]

[0168] Table 10

[0169] Figure 18The on-axis chromatic aberration curves of the second optical system 200 of Embodiments 7 and 8 are shown, which represent the deflection of the focal point of light of different wavelengths after passing through the second optical system 200. Figure 19 Astigmatism curves of the second optical system 200 of Embodiments 7 and 8 are shown, which represent the meridional image plane curvature and sagittal image plane curvature corresponding to different field of view angles. Figure 20 The f-θ distortion curves of the second optical system 200 in Embodiments 7 and 8 are shown, representing the distortion magnitude values ​​corresponding to different field of view angles. According to... Figures 18 to 20 It can be seen that the second optical system 200 given in Embodiments 7 and 8 can achieve good imaging quality.

[0170] Example 9

[0171] The following is for reference Figure 21 A second optical system according to Embodiment Nine of this application is described.

[0172] like Figure 21 As shown, the second optical system 200 includes a second lens barrel P0 and a first lens E1, a second lens E2, a third lens E3, a fourth lens E4, and a fifth lens E5 arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side along the second optical axis within the second lens barrel P0. The fourth lens E4 and the fifth lens E5 are cemented together to form a cemented doublet lens.

[0173] In this embodiment, the second optical system 200 further includes a positioning element group, which includes a first positioning element P1, a second positioning element P2, and a third positioning element P3. Specifically, the first positioning element P1 is located on the image side of the first lens E1 and at least partially contacts the image side of the first lens E1; the second positioning element P2 is located on the image side of the second lens E2 and at least partially contacts the image side of the second lens E2; and the third positioning element P3 is located on the image side of the third lens E3 and at least partially contacts the image side of the third lens E3.

[0174] In this embodiment, the first lens E1 has negative optical power, its object-side surface S1 is convex, and its image-side surface S2 is concave. The second lens E2 has negative optical power, its object-side surface S3 is convex, and its image-side surface S4 is concave. The third lens E3 has positive optical power, its object-side surface S5 is convex, and its image-side surface S6 is convex. The fourth lens E4 has negative optical power, its object-side surface S7 is convex, and its image-side surface S8 is concave. The fifth lens E5 has positive optical power, its object-side surface S8 is convex, and its image-side surface S9 is convex.

[0175] Table 11 shows the basic parameters of the second optical system of Embodiment 9, where the units for radius of curvature and thickness / distance are millimeters (mm).

[0176]

[0177] Table 11

[0178] In this embodiment, the object-side surface and image-side surface of any one of the second lens E2 to the fifth lens E5 are aspherical, and the surface shape of each aspherical surface can be defined by formula (1) given in Embodiment 4 above. Table 12 gives the higher-order coefficients that can be used for each aspherical mirror S3-S9 in Embodiment 5. A 4 , A 6 , A 8 and A 10 .

[0179]

[0180] Table 12

[0181] Example 10

[0182] The following is for reference Figure 22 A second optical system according to Embodiment 10 of this application is described.

[0183] like Figure 22 As shown, the second optical system 200 includes a second lens barrel P0 and a first lens E1, a second lens E2, a third lens E3, a fourth lens E4, and a fifth lens E5 arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side along the second optical axis within the second lens barrel P0. The fourth lens E4 and the fifth lens E5 are cemented together to form a cemented doublet lens. In this embodiment, the second optical system 200 also includes a positioning element group, which includes a first positioning element P1, a second positioning element P2, and a third positioning element P3.

[0184] The structure of the five-element lens group in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment Nine. That is, the basic parameter table of the second optical system in this embodiment is the same as that in Table 11, and the aspherical coefficient table is the same as that in Table 12. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment Nine lies in the different structural dimensions of the second lens barrel P0, the first positioning element P1, the second positioning element P2, and the third positioning element P3. For example, the inner diameter d1s of the object side surface of the first positioning element P1, the outer diameter D1s of the object side surface of the first positioning element P1, the inner diameter d2s of the object side surface of the second positioning element P2, the outer diameter D2s of the object side surface of the second positioning element P2, the inner diameter d3m of the image side surface of the third positioning element P3, the outer diameter D3m of the image side surface of the third positioning element P3, the inner diameter d0s of the object side end face of the second lens barrel, the inner diameter d0m of the image side end face of the second lens barrel, the outer diameter D0s of the object side end face of the second lens barrel, the distance EP12 from the image side surface of the first positioning element to the object side surface of the second positioning element along the second optical axis, the distance EP23 from the image side surface of the second positioning element to the object side surface of the third positioning element along the second optical axis, and the maximum height L of the second lens barrel P0 along the second optical axis are different.

[0185] Table 13 provides some basic parameters of the second lens barrel P0, the first positioning element P1, the second positioning element P2, and the third positioning element P3 in Embodiments 9 and 10, such as d1s, D1s, d2s, D2s, d3m, D3m, d0s, d0m, D0s, EP12, EP23, and L. The unit of the basic parameters listed in Table 13 is millimeters (mm).

[0186]

[0187] Table 13

[0188] Figure 23 The on-axis chromatic aberration curves of the second optical system 200 of Embodiments 9 and 10 are shown, which represent the deflection of the focal point of light of different wavelengths after passing through the second optical system 200. Figure 24 Astigmatism curves of the second optical system 200 of Embodiments 9 and 10 are shown, which represent the meridional image plane curvature and sagittal image plane curvature corresponding to different field of view angles. Figure 25 The f-θ distortion curves of the second optical system 200 in Embodiments 9 and 10 are shown, representing the distortion magnitude values ​​corresponding to different field of view angles. According to... Figures 23 to 25 It can be seen that the second optical system 200 given in Embodiments 9 and 10 can achieve good imaging quality.

[0189] Example 11

[0190] The following is for reference Figure 26 A second optical system according to Embodiment Eleven of this application is described.

[0191] like Figure 26 As shown, the second optical system 200 includes a second lens barrel P0 and a first lens E1, a second lens E2, a third lens E3, a fourth lens E4, and a fifth lens E5 arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side along the second optical axis within the second lens barrel P0. The fourth lens E4 and the fifth lens E5 are cemented together to form a cemented doublet lens.

[0192] In this embodiment, the second optical system 200 further includes a positioning element group, which includes a first positioning element P1, a second positioning element P2, and a third positioning element P3. Specifically, the first positioning element P1 is located on the image side of the first lens E1 and at least partially contacts the image side of the first lens E1; the second positioning element P2 is located on the image side of the second lens E2 and at least partially contacts the image side of the second lens E2; and the third positioning element P3 is located on the image side of the third lens E3 and at least partially contacts the image side of the third lens E3.

[0193] In this embodiment, the first lens E1 has negative optical power, its object-side surface S1 is convex, and its image-side surface S2 is concave. The second lens E2 has negative optical power, its object-side surface S3 is concave, and its image-side surface S4 is concave. The third lens E3 has positive optical power, its object-side surface S5 is convex, and its image-side surface S6 is concave. The fourth lens E4 has positive optical power, its object-side surface S7 is convex, and its image-side surface S8 is convex. The fifth lens E5 has negative optical power, its object-side surface S8 is concave, and its image-side surface S9 is convex.

[0194] Table 14 shows the basic parameters of the second optical system in Embodiment 11, where the units for radius of curvature and thickness / distance are millimeters (mm).

[0195]

[0196] Table 14

[0197] In this embodiment, the object-side and image-side surfaces of any one of the second lens E2 to the fifth lens E5 are aspherical, and the surface shape of each aspherical surface can be defined by formula (1) given in Embodiment 4 above. Table 15 gives the higher-order coefficients that can be used for each aspherical mirror S3-S9 in Embodiment 11. A 4 , A 6 , A 8 , A 10 , A 12 , A 14 and A 16.

[0198]

[0199] Table 15

[0200] Example 12

[0201] The following is for reference Figure 27 A second optical system according to Embodiment Twelve of this application is described.

[0202] like Figure 27 As shown, the second optical system 200 includes a second lens barrel P0 and a first lens E1, a second lens E2, a third lens E3, a fourth lens E4, and a fifth lens E5 arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side along the second optical axis within the second lens barrel P0. The fourth lens E4 and the fifth lens E5 are cemented together to form a cemented doublet lens. In this embodiment, the second optical system 200 also includes a positioning element group, which includes a first positioning element P1, a second positioning element P2, and a third positioning element P3.

[0203] The structure of the five-element lens group in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 11. That is, the basic parameter table of the second optical system in this embodiment is the same as that in Table 14, and the aspherical coefficient table is the same as that in Table 15. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 11 lies in the different structural dimensions of the second lens barrel P0, the first positioning element P1, the second positioning element P2, and the third positioning element P3. For example, the inner diameter d1s of the object side surface of the first positioning element P1, the outer diameter D1s of the object side surface of the first positioning element P1, the inner diameter d2s of the object side surface of the second positioning element P2, the outer diameter D2s of the object side surface of the second positioning element P2, the inner diameter d3m of the image side surface of the third positioning element P3, the outer diameter D3m of the image side surface of the third positioning element P3, the inner diameter d0s of the object side end face of the second lens barrel, the inner diameter d0m of the image side end face of the second lens barrel, the outer diameter D0s of the object side end face of the second lens barrel, the distance EP12 from the image side surface of the first positioning element to the object side surface of the second positioning element along the second optical axis, the distance EP23 from the image side surface of the second positioning element to the object side surface of the third positioning element along the second optical axis, and the maximum height L of the second lens barrel P0 along the second optical axis are different.

[0204] Table 16 provides some basic parameters of the second lens barrel P0, the first positioning element P1, the second positioning element P2, and the third positioning element P3 in Examples 11 and 12, such as d1s, D1s, d2s, D2s, d3m, D3m, d0s, d0m, D0s, EP12, EP23, and L. The unit of the basic parameters listed in Table 16 is millimeters (mm).

[0205]

[0206] Table 16

[0207] Figure 28 The on-axis chromatic aberration curves of the second optical system 200 of Embodiments 11 and 12 are shown, which represent the deflection of the focal point of light of different wavelengths after passing through the second optical system 200. Figure 29 Astigmatism curves of the second optical system 200 in Embodiments 11 and 12 are shown, representing the meridional and sagittal image plane curvatures corresponding to different field angles. Figure 30 The f-θ distortion curves of the second optical system 200 in Embodiments 11 and 12 are shown, representing the distortion magnitude values ​​corresponding to different field of view angles. According to... Figures 28 to 30 It can be seen that the second optical system 200 given in Embodiments 11 and 12 can achieve good imaging quality.

[0208] Furthermore, in Embodiments 7 to 12, the distance TTL on the axis from the object side of the first lens E1 of the second optical system to the imaging surface of the second optical system, half the diagonal length ImgH of the effective pixel area on the imaging surface of the second optical system, the maximum field of view FOV of the second optical system, the aperture value Fno of the second optical system, the total effective focal length f of the second optical system, the effective focal lengths f1 to f5 of each lens from the first lens E1 to the fifth lens E5 in the second optical system, and the combined focal length f45 of the fourth lens E4 and the fifth lens E5 are shown in Table 17.

[0209]

[0210] Table 17

[0211] refer to Figures 1 to 3 The virtual reality system 10 provided in this application may include a first optical system 100 in any one of the first to sixth embodiments described above and a second optical system 200 in any one of the seventh to twelfth embodiments described above. The embodiments one to six concerning the first optical system 100 and the embodiments seven to twelfth concerning the second optical system 200 can be combined in 36 ways, meaning the virtual reality system can have 36 examples.

[0212] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 1 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 1 and the second optical system of Embodiment 7;

[0213] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 2 includes the first optical system of Example 2 and the second optical system of Example 7;

[0214] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 3 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 3 and the second optical system of Embodiment 7;

[0215] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 4 includes the first optical system of Example 4 and the second optical system of Example 7;

[0216] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 5 includes the first optical system of Example 5 and the second optical system of Example 7;

[0217] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 6 includes the first optical system of Example 6 and the second optical system of Example 7;

[0218] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 7 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 1 and the second optical system of Embodiment 8;

[0219] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 8 includes the first optical system of Example 2 and the second optical system of Example 8;

[0220] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 9 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 3 and the second optical system of Embodiment 8;

[0221] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 10 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 4 and the second optical system of Embodiment 8;

[0222] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 11 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 5 and the second optical system of Embodiment 8;

[0223] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 12 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 6 and the second optical system of Embodiment 8;

[0224] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 13 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 1 and the second optical system of Embodiment 9;

[0225] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 14 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 2 and the second optical system of Embodiment 9;

[0226] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 15 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 3 and the second optical system of Embodiment 9;

[0227] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 16 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 4 and the second optical system of Embodiment 9;

[0228] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 17 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 5 and the second optical system of Embodiment 9;

[0229] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 18 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 6 and the second optical system of Embodiment 9;

[0230] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 19 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 1 and the second optical system of Embodiment 10;

[0231] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 20 includes the first optical system of Example 2 and the second optical system of Example 10;

[0232] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 21 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 3 and the second optical system of Embodiment 10;

[0233] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 22 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 4 and the second optical system of Embodiment 10;

[0234] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 23 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 5 and the second optical system of Embodiment 10;

[0235] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 24 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 6 and the second optical system of Embodiment 10;

[0236] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 25 includes the first optical system of Example 1 and the second optical system of Example 11;

[0237] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 26 includes the first optical system of Example 2 and the second optical system of Example 11;

[0238] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 27 includes the first optical system of Example 3 and the second optical system of Example 11;

[0239] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 28 includes the first optical system of Example 4 and the second optical system of Example 11;

[0240] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 29 includes the first optical system of Example 5 and the second optical system of Example 11;

[0241] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 30 includes the first optical system of Example 6 and the second optical system of Example 11;

[0242] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 31 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 1 and the second optical system of Embodiment 12;

[0243] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 32 includes the first optical system of Example 2 and the second optical system of Example 12;

[0244] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 33 includes the first optical system of Example 3 and the second optical system of Example 12;

[0245] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 34 includes the first optical system of Example 4 and the second optical system of Example 12;

[0246] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 35 includes the first optical system of Embodiment 5 and the second optical system of Embodiment 12; and

[0247] The virtual reality system corresponding to Example 36 includes the first optical system of Example 6 and the second optical system of Example 12.

[0248] In summary, each of the above examples 1 to 36 satisfies the conditions shown in Tables 18-1, 18-2, 18-3, and 18-4, respectively.

[0249]

[0250] Table 18-1

[0251]

[0252] Table 18-2

[0253]

[0254] Table 18-3

[0255]

[0256] Table 18-4

[0257] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In exemplary embodiments, the virtual reality system 10 provided in this application may further include, for example, a third optical system 300, a fourth optical system 400, a fifth optical system 500, and a sixth optical system 600. In some embodiments, the third optical system 300 and / or the fourth optical system 400 and / or the fifth optical system 500 and / or the sixth optical system 600 may be, for example, a second optical system 200.

[0258] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A virtual reality system, comprising a first optical system and a second optical system, characterized in that, The first optical system includes a first lens barrel and a group of spacers housed in the first lens barrel, and a first group of elements, a second group of elements, a third group of elements, a fourth group of elements, and a third quarter-wave plate arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the first optical axis. The group of spacers includes a first spacer element, a second spacer element, and a third spacer element. The first element group includes a first lens with positive optical power, a reflective polarizing element, and a first quarter-wave plate. The reflective polarizing element is located on a first side of the first quarter-wave plate, and the first quarter-wave plate is located on a first side of the first lens. A partial reflective layer is provided on a second side of the first lens. The first side of the first lens is planar, and the second side is convex. The second element group includes a second lens with negative optical power and a second quarter-wave plate, the second quarter-wave plate being located on a first side of the second lens; the first side of the second lens is a plane, and the second side is a concave surface; The third element group includes a third lens with positive optical power; the first side of the third lens is concave and the second side is convex. The fourth element group includes a fourth lens with positive optical power; the first side surface of the fourth lens is convex, and the second side surface is convex. The second optical system includes a second lens barrel, a positioning element group housed within the second lens barrel, and a first lens with negative optical power, a second lens with negative optical power, a third lens with positive optical power, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side along a second optical axis. The positioning element group includes a first positioning element, a second positioning element, and a third positioning element. The fourth and fifth lenses are cemented together, and the signs of their optical powers are opposite. The object side of the first lens is convex, and the image side is concave. The image side of the second lens is concave. The object side of the third lens is convex. The object side of the fourth lens is convex. The image side of the fifth lens is convex. The first optical system has four lenses with optical power; the second optical system has five lenses with optical power; and The first optical system and the second optical system satisfy the following: 1.08≤[tan(FOV / 2)×d0s] / [tan(FOV' / 2)×d0s']≤2.10, Wherein, FOV is the maximum field of view of the second optical system, d0s is the inner diameter of the end face of the second lens barrel closest to the object side, FOV' is the maximum field of view of the first optical system, and d0s' is the inner diameter of the end face of the first lens barrel closest to the first side.

2. The virtual reality system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter d0m' of the end face closest to the second side of the first lens barrel and the inner diameter d0m of the end face closest to the second side of the second lens barrel satisfy: 2.19≤(d0s'-d0m') / (d0s-d0m)≤2.

93.

3. The virtual reality system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum height L' of the first lens barrel along the first optical axis, the maximum height L of the second lens barrel along the second optical axis, the effective focal length f' of the first optical system and the effective focal length f of the second optical system satisfy: 1.69≤(L'+L) / (f'+f)≤1.

93.

4. The virtual reality system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter D0s' of the end face closest to the first side of the first lens barrel and the distance TD' on the first optical axis from the first side of the first element group to the second side of the fourth element group satisfy: 2.80 ≤ D0s' / TD' ≤ 3.23, and The outer diameter D0s of the end face closest to the object side of the second lens barrel and the distance TD from the object side of the first lens to the image side of the fifth lens on the second optical axis satisfy: 1.27≤D0s / TD≤1.

44.

5. The virtual reality system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radius of curvature R2' of the second side surface of the first lens, the radius of curvature R8' of the second side surface of the fourth lens, the maximum height L' of the first lens barrel along the first optical axis, the radius of curvature R1 of the object side surface of the first lens, the radius of curvature R10 of the image side surface of the fifth lens, and the maximum height L of the second lens barrel along the second optical axis satisfy: -9.48≤[(R2'+R8') / L'] / [|R1+R10| / L]≤-5.

44.

6. The virtual reality system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first spacer element is located on the second side of the first lens and at least partially contacts the second side surface of the first lens; the second spacer element is located on the second side of the second lens and at least partially contacts the second side surface of the second lens. The distance EP12' from the second side of the first spacer element to the first side of the second spacer element along the first optical axis, the effective focal length f2' of the second lens, the radius of curvature R4' of the second side of the second lens, and the air gap T12' between the first element group and the second element group on the first optical axis satisfy: -18.70≤EP12' / (f2' / R4'×T12')≤-6.

24.

7. The virtual reality system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third spacer element is located on the second side of the third lens and is at least partially in contact with the second side surface of the third lens. The radius of curvature R4' of the second side surface of the second lens, the radius of curvature R5' of the first side surface of the third lens, the distance EP23' from the second side surface of the second spacer element to the first side surface of the third spacer element along the first optical axis, the center thickness CT2' of the second lens on the first optical axis, the center thickness CT3' of the third lens on the first optical axis, and the dispersion coefficient V2' of the second lens satisfy: 5.01≤|R4'+R5'| / [(EP23'+CT2'+CT3') ×V2']≤6.

20.

8. The virtual reality system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The effective focal length f1' of the first lens, the maximum thickness CP1' of the first spacer element along the first optical axis, and the air gap T12' between the first element group and the second element group on the first optical axis satisfy: 4.43≤f1' / (CP1'-T12')≤5.

92.

9. The virtual reality system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The radius of curvature R6' of the second side surface of the third lens, the radius of curvature R7' of the first side surface of the fourth lens, the outer diameter D3s' of the first side surface of the third spacer element, and the inner diameter d3s' of the first side surface of the third spacer element satisfy: -4.68≤(R6'-R7') / D3s'+(R6'+R7') / d3s'≤-2.

29.

10. The virtual reality system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The maximum height L' of the first lens barrel along the first optical axis, the effective focal length f' of the first optical system, and the distance EP01' from the end face of the first lens barrel closest to the first side to the first side surface of the first spacer element along the first optical axis satisfy: 1.39≤(L'-f') / EP01'≤2.

25.

11. The virtual reality system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The refractive index NR of the reflective polarizing element, the refractive index NQ1 of the first quarter-wave plate, the refractive index N1' of the first lens, the center thickness CT1' of the first lens on the first optical axis, the distance EP01' from the end face of the first lens barrel closest to the first side to the first side surface of the first spacer along the first optical axis, and the maximum thickness CP1' of the first spacer along the first optical axis satisfy: 7.17≤(NR+NQ1)×CT1' / EP01'+ N1'×CT1' / CP1'≤7.

75.

12. The virtual reality system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The radius of curvature R6' of the second side of the third lens, the inner diameter d2s' of the first side of the second spacer element, the refractive index N2' of the second lens, the refractive index N3' of the third lens, the refractive index NQ2 of the second quarter-wave plate, and the distance EP23' from the second side of the second spacer element to the first side of the third spacer element along the first optical axis satisfy: -11.82≤(R6'-d2s') / [(N2'+N3'+NQ2)×EP23']≤-5.

0.

13. The virtual reality system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first positioning element is located on the image side of the first lens and is at least partially in contact with the image side of the first lens. The radius of curvature R2 of the image side of the first lens, the radius of curvature R3 of the object side of the second lens, and the inner diameter d1s of the object side of the first positioning element satisfy: 3.22≤|R2+R3| / (d0s-d1s)≤7.

22.

14. The virtual reality system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first positioning element is located on the image side of the first lens and is at least partially in contact with the image side of the first lens; the second positioning element is located on the image side of the second lens and is at least partially in contact with the image side of the second lens. The effective focal length f1 of the first lens, the effective focal length f2 of the second lens, the refractive index N1 of the first lens, the refractive index N2 of the second lens, the inner diameter d1s of the object side of the first positioning element and the inner diameter d2s of the object side of the second positioning element satisfy: -3.40≤(f1+f2)×(N1-N2) / (d1s-d2s)≤-1.

33.

15. The virtual reality system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The dispersion coefficient V1 of the first lens, the dispersion coefficient V2 of the second lens, the radius of curvature R1 of the object side of the first lens, the radius of curvature R4 of the image side of the second lens, and the distance EP12 from the image side of the first positioning element to the object side of the second positioning element along the second optical axis satisfy: -42.84≤(V1-V2)×(R1-R4) / EP12≤-26.

81.

16. The virtual reality system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The distance EP12 from the image side of the first positioning element to the object side of the second positioning element along the second optical axis, the distance EP23 from the image side of the second positioning element to the object side of the third positioning element along the second optical axis, the air gap T23 between the second lens and the third lens on the second optical axis, and the effective focal length f2 of the second lens satisfy: -1.24≤(EP12-EP23+T23) / f2≤-1.

02.

17. The virtual reality system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The radius of curvature R1 of the object side of the first lens, the outer diameter D1s of the object side of the first positioning element, the outer diameter D2s of the object side of the second positioning element, and the radius of curvature R3 of the object side of the second lens satisfy: 0.30≤R1 / (D1s-D2s)-R3 / (D1s+D2s)≤3.

88.

18. The virtual reality system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The combined focal length f45 of the fourth and fifth lenses, the outer diameter D3m of the image side of the third positioning element, the inner diameter d3m of the image side of the third positioning element, and the refractive index N4 of the fourth lens and the refractive index N5 of the fifth lens satisfy: 0.30≤f45 / [(D3m-d3m)×(N4+N5)]≤4.32.

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