Crawler self-propelled sugarcane cutting and stacking machine

Abstract

The application discloses a crawler self-propelled sugarcane cutting and stacking machine, which comprises a chassis, a cutting table, a root cutting device, a cane supporting device, a tip cutting device, a front conveying mechanism, a rear conveying mechanism and a discharging device. The cutting table is installed at the front end of the chassis, the root cutting device is installed below the cutting table and is used for cutting the root part of the sugarcane, the cane supporting device is installed at the front section of the cutting table and is located in front of the root cutting device and is used for supporting the fallen sugarcane, the front conveying mechanism is installed on the cutting table and is located behind the cane supporting device and is used for conveying the root-cutting sugarcane into the rear conveying mechanism, the rear conveying mechanism is installed on the chassis and is located behind the front conveying mechanism and is used for feeding the sugarcane into the discharging device, and the tip cutting device is installed above the rear conveying device and is used for cutting the tip part of the sugarcane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention is a tracked self-propelled sugarcane harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, although the sugarcane cutting machine is the mainstream model in the domestic market, its acceptance by sugarcane owners and sugar mills is not high due to a series of reasons such as large overall losses, high impurity levels, unsuitability for long-term storage of materials, and incompatibility with sugar mill processes.

[0003] The aforementioned objective factors have contributed to the sluggish progress in sugarcane mechanization in recent years, with manual harvesting of whole stalks remaining the dominant method in China. Given the current limitations of segmented harvesters and the bottlenecks encountered by whole-stalk harvesters, a distributed sugarcane harvesting solution has emerged in the past two years. This distributed harvesting solution involves first cutting and storing the entire sugarcane stalk, followed by separate leaf stripping and other processing. However, existing similar whole-stalk harvesters require leaf stripping after harvesting, resulting in low recycling efficiency and poor stripping quality, easily leading to missed areas and requiring rework, increasing workload. Therefore, a solution that separates recycling and leaf stripping is more effective. Thus, a machine capable of efficiently harvesting whole sugarcane stalks is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a tracked self-propelled sugarcane harvester.

[0005] A tracked self-propelled sugarcane harvester includes a chassis, a cutting platform, a root-cutting device, a sugarcane-supporting device, a topping device, a front conveying mechanism, a rear conveying mechanism, and a discharge device. The cutting platform is installed at the front end of the chassis, and the root-cutting device is installed below the cutting platform. The root-cutting device is used to cut the roots of the sugarcane.

[0006] The sugarcane-supporting device is installed at the front of the cutting platform and in front of the root-cutting device. The sugarcane-supporting device is used to straighten up the fallen sugarcane. The front conveying mechanism is installed on the cutting platform and behind the sugarcane-supporting device. The front conveying mechanism is used to transport the root-cut sugarcane to the rear conveying mechanism.

[0007] The rear conveying mechanism is mounted on the chassis and located behind the front conveying mechanism. The rear conveying mechanism is used to feed sugarcane into the unloading device. The tip-cutting device is mounted above the rear conveying mechanism and is used to cut off the tips of the sugarcane.

[0008] Working principle: Due to the large losses, high impurity levels, and unsuitability for long-term storage of sugarcane during the harvesting process of existing sugarcane harvesters, this invention harvests the entire sugarcane and then cuts off the top before storage to maximize the preservation of sugar content. After that, the leaves are removed separately. This structure is a supplement to existing cutting-type harvesters and whole-stalk harvesters, filling their shortcomings. This invention completes the work of supporting the sugarcane, cutting the root, conveying, cutting the top, and unloading through a series of mechanisms.

[0009] To prevent the two cutter heads from interfering with each other, the root cutting device includes multiple independently driven root cutting assemblies. The root cutting assemblies are arranged in parallel on the first mounting frame, which is fixed to the bottom of the cutting table. Each root cutting assembly includes a motor for driving, a housing, a cutter shaft, and a first cutter head. The length of the cutter shaft in each root cutting assembly is different. Each root cutting assembly is equipped with an independent motor, which drives the first cutter head to work, eliminating the need for a gearbox mechanism and making the structure simpler.

[0010] To straighten fallen sugarcane for easier harvesting, the sugarcane straightening device includes two straightening mechanisms and an angle adjustment mechanism. The two straightening mechanisms are placed opposite each other. Each straightening mechanism includes a sprocket structure and multiple chain plates, which are fixed at equal intervals on the outside of the sprocket structure. The angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the working angle of the straightening mechanism. This mechanism uses the sprocket structure to drive the chain plates to make a near-circular motion to straighten the fallen sugarcane, and adjusts the working angle according to different situations through the angle adjustment mechanism.

[0011] To adapt to different sugarcane lodging conditions, the angle adjustment mechanism includes a first support, a second support, and a hydraulic cylinder. The first support is used to install the lifting mechanism. The first support is hinged to the second support. Each end of the second support has a connecting plate, and at least one connecting plate has multiple holes. The second support is fixedly connected to the main frame of the cutting table. The hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the second support, and the floating joint of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first support.

[0012] To prevent the chain of the sprocket mechanism from loosening during operation, a tensioning mechanism is provided in the sprocket structure to keep the sprocket mechanism in a taut state at all times; a protective cover is provided on the outside of the lifting mechanism; the chain plate has a trapezoidal structure, and the protective cover can prevent foreign objects from getting stuck in the mechanism during operation, which would cause the whole machine to malfunction.

[0013] To facilitate the removal of the top tip of sugarcane, the tip-cutting mechanism includes a mounting frame, a tip-cutting mechanism, and a lifting mechanism. The tip-cutting device is used to cut off and discard the top tip of the sugarcane. The lifting mechanism includes a guide rail, a drive element, a first connecting rod, and a second connecting rod. The guide rail is vertically mounted on the second mounting frame. There are two guide rails, which are located on both sides of the tip-cutting mechanism. The second mounting frame is equipped with a rotating shaft. One end of the first connecting rod is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the other end is hinged to one end of the second connecting rod. The other end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the tip-cutting mechanism. The drive element is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate. By driving the rotating shaft to rotate, the first connecting rod is driven to rotate, and the first connecting rod then drives the second connecting rod, thereby controlling the lifting and lowering of the tip-cutting mechanism to adapt to sugarcane of different heights and facilitate tip-cutting.

[0014] To facilitate the rotation of the drive shaft and ensure coordination between the tip-cutting and tip-removing actions, a hydraulic cylinder is used as the drive element. One end of the drive shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the lever, and the floating joint of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the other end of the lever. The tip-cutting mechanism includes a frame, tip-removing wheels, and a second cutter disc. There are two tip-removing wheels, which are symmetrically mounted on the frame. The second cutter disc is mounted between the two tip-removing wheels. The second cutter disc is used to cut off the sugarcane tips, and the tip-removing wheels are used to remove the cut tips. The frame is also equipped with pulleys. The tip-cutting mechanism slides along the guide rail via the pulleys. Adding pulleys can reduce friction and ensure that the tip-cutting mechanism can move smoothly on the guide rail.

[0015] To facilitate sugarcane transport, the rear conveying mechanism includes a main transport structure and an auxiliary transport structure. Both the main transport structure and the front conveying mechanism consist of two oppositely placed and interconnected rubber-plate conveyor chains that rotate in opposite directions to transport the sugarcane. This mechanism transports the sugarcane to the rear conveying mechanism via the front conveying mechanism. The rear conveying mechanism provides transport power to the upper part of the sugarcane through the main transport structure and to the lower part of the sugarcane through the auxiliary transport structure, thus realizing the transport of the sugarcane. At the same time, the motor of the auxiliary transport structure can rotate forward and reverse. Forward rotation is used for normal transport, and reverse rotation is used for debris removal. When there is debris in the transport channel, the entire auxiliary transport mechanism rotates in reverse to transport the debris downward and discharge it to the ground, thus achieving the cleaning function.

[0016] The auxiliary transport structure is located below the main transport structure. This auxiliary transport structure is a conveyor belt mechanism, which includes a driving roller, a driven roller, and a conveyor belt. The driving roller and the driven roller are located at opposite ends of the conveyor belt mechanism and are connected by the conveyor belt. The driving roller is connected to a motor.

[0017] The main and auxiliary transport structures work together to transport sugarcane. The motor controls the operation of the auxiliary transport structure by rotating forward and backward. The conveying speeds of the main and auxiliary transport structures are matched. Rubber baffles and sealing plates are also provided on both sides of the conveyor belt structure. Sometimes the angle at which the sugarcane is thrown into the hopper is not ideal. In order to meet the actual harvesting needs, the conveyor belt structure is also equipped with an adjustment mounting plate. The adjustment mounting plate is used to adjust the overall working angle of the conveyor belt structure, thus ensuring that the sugarcane can be smoothly fed into the hopper and preventing it from being cut or falling due to speed mismatch.

[0018] To enable rapid unloading and improve unloading efficiency, the unloading device includes a material box and a retraction mechanism. The bottom of the material box is openable, and its opening and closing are controlled by a first drive device. The retraction mechanism is used to retract and release the material box, and its operation is controlled by a second drive device. Unloading is performed from the bottom of the openable material box, replacing the usual method of unloading from one side, and realizing reciprocating harvesting. When the cutter finishes harvesting and moves to the unloading position, the retraction mechanism is controlled by the second drive device to release the material box, and then the bottom of the material box is controlled by the first drive device to open for unloading. After unloading is completed, the bottom of the material box is closed again, and the retraction mechanism retracts the material box.

[0019] To facilitate control of the opening and closing of the bottom of the material box, the openable structure includes two doors, the outer edges of which are hinged to the two sides of the bottom of the material box; the first driving device is a first hydraulic cylinder, the base of which is fixed on the material box, the floating joint of which is hinged to one end of the connecting plate, and the other end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the door.

[0020] To facilitate the loading and unloading of the material box, the loading and unloading mechanism includes a third connecting rod and a fourth connecting rod. One end of the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod is hinged to the frame, and the other end is hinged to the material box. The third connecting rod, the fourth connecting rod, the material box and the frame form a four-bar linkage. The second driving device is a second hydraulic cylinder, and the floating joint of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to one of the material box, the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod.

[0021] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention harvests the whole sugarcane and cuts off the top for storage, thus preserving the sugar content of the sugarcane to the maximum extent. Then, the leaf stripping and other work are carried out separately. This structure is a supplement to the existing cutting harvester and whole-stalk harvester, filling their shortcomings. The present invention completes the work of supporting the sugarcane, cutting the root, conveying, cutting the top and unloading through a series of mechanisms.

[0022] The root cutting device has multiple independently driven root cutting components on the mounting frame. The motor directly drives the cutter shaft to rotate the cutter disc. The different lengths of the cutter shafts create a height difference between the cutter discs in each root cutting component, which avoids the cutter collision that can occur when the turntables rotate at different speeds.

[0023] The sugarcane lifting device forms a lifting mechanism by combining a sprocket mechanism and a chain plate. The sprocket mechanism drives the chain plate to make a near-circular motion to lift the fallen sugarcane. Furthermore, depending on the condition of the fallen sugarcane, the angle adjustment mechanism can adjust the overall working angle of the lifting mechanism to effectively lift sugarcane in various conditions of falling.

[0024] The tip-cutting device achieves lifting and lowering of the tip-cutting mechanism through a transmission mechanism consisting of a rotating shaft, a first connecting rod, and a second connecting rod. Simultaneously, the rotating shaft is driven clockwise or counterclockwise by the cooperation of a hydraulic cylinder and a lever. This allows the hydraulic cylinder to drive the tip-cutting mechanism with a shorter stroke, enabling lifting and lowering within the required range at a faster rate. Furthermore, the cooperation of guide rails and pulleys on both sides ensures smooth lifting and lowering while preventing wobbling during operation.

[0025] Furthermore, the tip-cutting mechanism can promptly eject the cut tips, preventing residual tips from affecting the next sugarcane tip-cutting operation. The motor driving the cutter head can rotate in both directions, allowing the tip to be ejected to the left or right depending on the actual situation.

[0026] The unloading mechanism unloads material from the bottom of the openable hopper, replacing the usual method of unloading from one side. This enables reciprocating harvesting. When the cutter finishes harvesting and moves to the unloading position, the second drive device controls the release mechanism to release the hopper. Then, the first drive device controls the bottom of the hopper to open for unloading. After unloading, the hopper is closed again and retracted by the release mechanism.

[0027] The front and rear conveying mechanisms work together to feed sugarcane into the hopper. The clamping method ensures stable transport and prevents the sugarcane from falling during transit. The rear conveying mechanism provides power to the upper and middle sections of the sugarcane via the main conveying structure, and to the lower section via an auxiliary conveying structure, thus transporting the sugarcane. The motor of the auxiliary conveying structure can rotate forward and reverse. Forward rotation is used for normal transport, while reverse rotation is used for debris removal. When there are debris in the transport channel, the entire auxiliary conveying mechanism reverses its rotation, conveying the debris downwards and discharging it to the ground, achieving a cleaning function. The conveying angle can also be adjusted to ensure the sugarcane is ideally thrown into the hopper. The conveyor belt speed can be matched with the conveyor chain speed for easy transport and unloading. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a front view of a tracked self-propelled sugarcane harvester;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a top view of a tracked self-propelled sugarcane harvester;

[0030] Figure 3 This is the front view of the tip-cutting device;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a top view of the tip-cutting device;

[0032] Figure 5 This is the front view of the sugarcane-lifting device;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a sugarcane-supporting device in one working state;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another working state of the sugarcane lifting device;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sugarcane-supporting device from another angle under another working state;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the front conveyor mechanism;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a 3D view of the rear conveyor mechanism;

[0038] Figure 11 This is the front view of the rear conveyor mechanism;

[0039] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the tip-cutting device;

[0040] Figure 13 This is a top view of the tip-cutting device;

[0041] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the unloading device retracting to its reset state;

[0042] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the unloading device in the unloading state;

[0043] In the diagram, 1. Sugarcane supporting device; 2. Front conveying mechanism; 3. Rear conveying mechanism; 4. Top trimming device; 5. Unloading device; 6. Chassis; 7. Root trimming device; 8. Cutting table; 9. First mounting frame; 10. Motor; 11. Housing; 12. Cutting shaft; 13. First cutter head; 14. First support; 15. Chain plate; 16. Tensioning mechanism; 17. Chain; 18. Driven gear; 19. Second support; 20. Connecting plate; 21. Drive motor; 22. Protective cover. 23. Third hydraulic cylinder; 24. Main transport structure; 25. Auxiliary transport structure; 26. Driven roller; 27. Driven roller; 28. Sealing plate; 29. ​​Rubber baffle; 30. Adjustment mounting plate; 31. Second mounting bracket; 32. First connecting rod; 33. Second connecting rod; 34. Guide rail; 35. Frame; 36. Tip wheel; 37. Second cutter head; 38. Material box; 39. Third connecting rod; 40. Fourth connecting rod; 41. Second hydraulic cylinder; 42. First hydraulic cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To enhance understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] like Figure 1-15 As shown, the components include: 1. Sugarcane support device; 2. Front conveying mechanism; 3. Rear conveying mechanism; 4. Top-cutting device; 5. Unloading device; 6. Chassis; 7. Root-cutting device; 8. Cutting table; 9. First mounting frame; 10. Motor; 11. Housing; 12. Cutting shaft; 13. First cutter disc; 14. First support; 15. Chain plate; 16. Tensioning mechanism; 17. Chain; 18. Driven gear; 19. Second support; 20. Connecting plate; 21. Drive motor; 22. Protective cover; 23. Third hydraulic cylinder; 24. Main transport structure; 25. Auxiliary transport structure; 26. Driven roller; 27. Driven roller; 28. Sealing plate; 29. ​​Rubber baffle; 30. Adjusting mounting plate; 31. Second mounting frame; 32. First connecting rod; 33. Second connecting rod; 34. Guide rail; 35. Frame; 36. Top-cutting wheel; 37. Second cutter disc; 38. Material box; 39. Third connecting rod; 40. Fourth connecting rod; 41. Second hydraulic cylinder; 42. First hydraulic cylinder.

[0046] A tracked self-propelled sugarcane harvester includes a chassis, a cutting platform, a root-cutting device, a sugarcane-supporting device, a topping device, a front conveying mechanism, a rear conveying mechanism, and a discharge device. The cutting platform is installed at the front end of the chassis, and the root-cutting device is installed below the cutting platform. The root-cutting device is used to cut the roots of the sugarcane.

[0047] The sugarcane-supporting device is installed at the front of the cutting platform and in front of the root-cutting device. The sugarcane-supporting device is used to straighten up the fallen sugarcane. The front conveying mechanism is installed on the cutting platform and behind the sugarcane-supporting device. The front conveying mechanism is used to transport the root-cut sugarcane to the rear conveying mechanism.

[0048] The rear conveying mechanism is installed on the chassis and located behind the front conveying mechanism. The rear conveying mechanism is used to feed the sugarcane into the unloading device. The top-cutting device is installed above the rear conveying device and is used to cut off the top of the sugarcane. Specifically, the present invention completes the work of supporting the sugarcane, cutting the roots, conveying, cutting the top and unloading through a series of mechanisms, thereby completing the sugarcane recycling work.

[0049] In this embodiment, the root cutting device includes multiple independently driven root cutting assemblies, which are arranged in parallel on a first mounting frame. The first mounting frame is fixed to the bottom of the cutting table. Each root cutting assembly includes a motor for driving, a housing, a cutter shaft, and a first cutter disc. The lengths of the cutter shafts in each root cutting assembly are different. Specifically, there are two root cutting assemblies. The housing of the root cutting assembly is mounted on the first mounting frame, the motor is mounted on the upper surface of the housing, and the cutter shaft passes through the housing, with one end connected to the motor and the other end connected to the first cutter disc. One cutter shaft is shorter than the other, resulting in a height difference of about 6mm between the two first cutter discs, which avoids collision when the rotation speeds are different.

[0050] In this embodiment, the sugarcane lifting device includes two lifting mechanisms and an angle adjustment mechanism. The two lifting mechanisms are placed opposite each other. Each lifting mechanism includes a sprocket structure and multiple chain plates. The chain plates are fixed at equal intervals on the outside of the sprocket structure. The angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the working angle of the lifting mechanism.

[0051] The angle adjustment mechanism includes a first bracket, a second bracket, and a hydraulic cylinder. The first bracket is used to install the lifting mechanism. The first bracket is hinged to the second bracket. Each end of the second bracket is provided with a connecting plate, and at least one connecting plate is provided with multiple holes. The second bracket is fixedly connected to the main frame of the cutting table. The hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the second bracket, and the floating joint of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first bracket.

[0052] The sprocket structure includes a tensioning mechanism to keep the sprocket mechanism under tension at all times; the lifting mechanism has a protective cover on its outer side; the chain plate has a trapezoidal structure.

[0053] Specifically, the sprocket mechanism includes a driving gear and a driven gear, which are located at the two ends of the sprocket mechanism and connected by a chain. The chain plate is fixed to the chain by bolts, and the driving gear is connected to the drive motor, which drives the driving gear to rotate.

[0054] Specifically, the second bracket is fixedly connected to the main frame of the cutting table by bolts passing through the connecting plate. The connecting plate at the left end of the second bracket has only one hole, while the connecting plate at the right end has multiple holes. By connecting different holes with bolts, the working angle in the length direction of the lifting mechanism can be finely adjusted. The main body of the hydraulic cylinder is installed on the second bracket, and its floating joint is connected to the bottom of the first bracket. The structure in the width direction of the lifting mechanism can be adjusted by extending and retracting the floating joint.

[0055] When the sugarcane is leaning to the left or right, the sugarcane support chain is... Figure 6 In the current state, the left and right sugarcane support chains are opened to their maximum extent under the action of the hydraulic cylinders (the third hydraulic cylinder is at its shortest); when the sugarcane is lodged in the opposite direction of the machine's harvesting operation, the sugarcane support chains are... Figure 7 and Figure 8In the process of harvesting, the sugarcane support chains on both sides are closed to their minimum state (the third cylinder is at its longest state) under the action of the hydraulic cylinders. Throughout the operation, the sugarcane support chains can be adjusted between the shortest and longest states of the hydraulic cylinders according to the actual lodging of the sugarcane, thereby achieving better harvesting results.

[0056] The protective cover is fixed to the first bracket by bolts on the outward side of the two lifting mechanisms, which serves a protective function. During the operation of the machine, small stones or other debris may be splashed due to environmental reasons. In order to prevent these debris from getting stuck in the mechanism and affecting the normal operation of the machine, a protective cover is added. The surface in contact with the sugarcane is a slope, and the slope can better lift up the fallen sugarcane.

[0057] In this embodiment, the topping mechanism includes a second mounting frame, a topping mechanism, and a lifting mechanism. The topping device is used to cut off and throw away the top of the sugarcane. The lifting mechanism includes a guide rail, a driving element, a first connecting rod, and a second connecting rod. The guide rail is vertically mounted on the second mounting frame. There are two guide rails, which are arranged on both sides of the topping mechanism. The second mounting frame is provided with a rotating shaft. One end of the first connecting rod is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the other end is hinged to one end of the second connecting rod. The other end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the topping mechanism. The driving element is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0058] The driving element is a hydraulic cylinder, with one end of the rotating shaft fixedly connected to one end of the lever, and the floating joint of the hydraulic cylinder connected to the other end of the lever;

[0059] The topping mechanism includes a frame, topping wheels, and a second cutter disc. There are two topping wheels, which are symmetrically mounted on the frame. The second cutter disc is mounted between the two topping wheels. The second cutter disc is used to cut off the sugarcane tops, and the topping wheels are used to throw away the cut tops. The frame is also equipped with pulleys, and the topping mechanism slides along the guide rails via the pulleys.

[0060] Specifically, one end of the lever is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft, and the floating joint of the hydraulic cylinder acts on the other end of the lever, controlling the rotating shaft to rotate counterclockwise or clockwise, thereby controlling the tip-cutting mechanism to rise or fall. The tip-picking wheels are symmetrically installed along the center line of the frame, and two tip-picking discs are provided at the upper and lower ends of the tip-picking wheels. The outer side of the tip-picking discs is provided with serrated structures at equal intervals, and both the tip-picking wheels and the second cutter disc are driven by independent motors. The motor driving the second cutter disc can rotate in either the forward or reverse direction, so that the cut tip can be thrown to the left or right according to the actual situation.

[0061] The lifting mechanism is a transmission mechanism consisting of a rotating shaft, a first connecting rod, and a second connecting rod, used to control the lifting and lowering of the tip-cutting mechanism. The guide rails on both sides are used to clamp the tip-cutting mechanism to ensure that it does not shake during the lifting and lowering process and during the tip-cutting process. At the same time, in order to reduce friction, pulleys are used, which not only ensures the clamping function but also ensures that the tip-cutting mechanism can move smoothly between the guide rails.

[0062] In this embodiment, the rear conveying mechanism includes a main conveying structure and an auxiliary conveying structure. Both the main conveying structure and the front conveying mechanism consist of two oppositely placed and interconnected rubber-plate conveyor chains, which rotate in opposite directions to convey sugarcane; Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown;

[0063] The auxiliary transport structure is located below the main transport structure. This auxiliary transport structure is a conveyor belt mechanism, which includes a driving roller, a driven roller, and a conveyor belt. The driving roller and the driven roller are located at opposite ends of the conveyor belt mechanism and are connected by the conveyor belt. The driving roller is connected to a motor.

[0064] The main transport structure and the auxiliary transport structure work together to transport sugarcane. The motor controls the movement of the auxiliary transport structure by rotating forward and backward. The conveying speeds of the main transport structure and the auxiliary transport structure are matched. Rubber baffles and sealing plates are also provided on both sides of the conveyor belt structure. An adjustment mounting plate is also provided on the conveyor belt structure. The adjustment mounting plate is used to adjust the overall working angle of the conveyor belt structure.

[0065] Specifically, both the main transport mechanism and the auxiliary transport mechanism are installed on the frame. The main transport mechanism clamps the upper part of the sugarcane and transports it, while the auxiliary transport structure is a conveyor belt on which the sugarcane is supported upright. The conveyor belt moves the sugarcane through friction, and the transport speeds of the main transport mechanism and the auxiliary transport structure are matched so that the sugarcane remains relatively stationary between the two transport structures.

[0066] The motor drives the drive roller to rotate, which in turn drives the driven roller to rotate, thereby driving the conveyor belt to move. The conveyor belt provides power to the bottom of the sugarcane through friction.

[0067] The rubber baffles, sealing plates, and conveyor belt structure together form the conveying channel to prevent sugarcane from falling from both sides and causing losses.

[0068] Sometimes the angle at which sugarcane is fed into the hopper is not ideal. In this case, the overall working angle of the conveyor belt structure can be adjusted by adjusting the mounting plate to meet the harvesting requirements.

[0069] In this embodiment, the unloading device includes a material box and a take-up and release mechanism. The bottom of the material box is an openable structure, and the opening and closing of the bottom of the material box is controlled by a first drive device. The take-up and release mechanism is used to retract and release the material box, and its operation is controlled by a second drive device. Specifically, the take-up and release mechanism is fixed on the frame and connected to the material box.

[0070] In this embodiment, the openable structure includes two doors, the outer edges of which are hinged to the bottom sides of the material box. The first driving device is a first hydraulic cylinder, the base of which is fixed to the material box. The floating joint of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to one end of a connecting plate, and the other end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the door. Specifically, the base of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixed to both sides of the material box. The force of the hydraulic cylinder is transmitted to the door through the connecting plate, changing the direction of the force. The floating joint of the first hydraulic cylinder points downward, and the hydraulic cylinder applies force to one end of the connecting plate, while the other end of the connecting plate is fixed to the door. When the hydraulic cylinder retracts, it pulls one end of the connecting plate upward, and the other end of the connecting plate descends, thereby opening the door. Conversely, when the hydraulic cylinder extends, it pushes one end of the connecting plate downward, and the other end of the connecting plate rises, thereby closing the door.

[0071] In this embodiment, the take-up and release mechanism includes a third connecting rod and a fourth connecting rod. One end of the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod is hinged to the frame, and the other end is hinged to the material box. The third connecting rod, the fourth connecting rod, the material box, and the frame form a four-bar linkage. The second driving device is a second hydraulic cylinder. The floating joint of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to one of the material box, the third connecting rod, and the fourth connecting rod. The frame is the frame in the four-bar linkage. The third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod are the connecting rods in the four-bar linkage, and the material box is the connecting rod in the four-bar linkage. The crank is connected to the hydraulic cylinder. In this embodiment, the third connecting rod is a crank, and the fourth connecting rod is a rocker arm. The connection point between the third connecting rod and the material box is located at the left end of the material box, and the connection point between the fourth connecting rod and the material box is located at the right end of the material box. The third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod are connected to both sides of the material box. The base of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the frame, and its floating joint is connected to the middle section of the third connecting rod.

[0072] The specific working process of this example is as follows: First, the sugarcane is lifted up by the sugarcane-supporting mechanism. Then, the sugarcane root is cut off by the scissor mechanism. Next, the sugarcane is clamped and transported to the rear conveyor mechanism by the front conveyor mechanism. The sugarcane continues to be transported through the cooperation of the main and auxiliary conveyor structures. During this process, the top of the sugarcane is cut off and thrown away by the tip-cutting device, and then transported into the hopper. At this time, the second hydraulic cylinder moves the first connecting rod, driving the release mechanism to release the hopper. At the same time, the second hydraulic cylinder retracts upward, controlling the door at the bottom of the hopper to open for unloading. After unloading is completed, the second hydraulic cylinder pushes downward, controlling the door at the bottom of the hopper to close. At the same time, the first hydraulic cylinder retracts, driving the release mechanism to retract and reset the hopper, and then proceed to the next harvesting operation.

[0073] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-propelled sugarcane cutter with caterpillar tracks, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a cutting device, a cane supporting device, a front conveying mechanism, a rear conveying mechanism and a discharging device, the cutting device is installed on the bottom plate, the cutting device is used for cutting the root of the cane, The cane supporting device is installed on the front section of the cutting device and in front of the cutting device, the cane supporting device is used for supporting the fallen cane, the front conveying mechanism is installed on the cutting device and behind the cane supporting device, the front conveying mechanism is used for conveying the cut cane to the rear conveying mechanism, The rear conveying mechanism is installed on the bottom plate and behind the front conveying mechanism, the rear conveying mechanism is used for conveying the cane to the discharging device, the cutting device is installed above the rear conveying device, the cutting device is used for cutting the top of the cane; The cane supporting device comprises two supporting mechanisms and an angle adjusting mechanism, the two supporting mechanisms are oppositely arranged, the supporting mechanism comprises a chain wheel structure and a plurality of chain plates, the chain plates are fixed on the outer side of the chain wheel structure at equal intervals, and the angle adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the working angle of the supporting mechanism; The angle adjusting mechanism comprises a first support, a second support and a third oil cylinder, the first support is used for mounting the supporting mechanism, the first support is hingedly connected with the second support, both ends of the second support are respectively provided with a connecting plate, at least one of the connecting plates is provided with a plurality of holes, the second support is fixedly connected with the main frame of the cutting device, and the third oil cylinder is fixed on the second support and connected with the first support through a floating joint; The chain wheel structure is provided with a tensioning mechanism, the tensioning mechanism is used for keeping the chain wheel mechanism in a tensioned state, the outer side of the supporting mechanism is provided with a protective cover, and the chain plate has a trapezoidal structure.

2. A self-propelled sugarcane cutting and windrower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting device comprises a plurality of independently driven cutting assemblies, the cutting assemblies are arranged in parallel on a first mounting frame, the first mounting frame is fixed on the bottom of the cutting device, each cutting assembly comprises a motor, a box body, a cutter shaft and a first cutter disc, and the lengths of the cutter shafts in the cutting assemblies are different.

3. A self-propelled sugarcane harvester with caterpillar tracks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting device comprises a second mounting frame, a cutting mechanism and a lifting mechanism, the cutting mechanism is used for cutting and throwing away the top of the cane, the lifting mechanism comprises a guide rail, a driving element, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the guide rail is vertically installed on the second mounting frame, the number of the guide rails is two, and the guide rails are arranged on the two sides of the cutting mechanism, the second mounting frame is provided with a rotating shaft, one end of the first connecting rod is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, the other end of the first connecting rod is hingedly connected with one end of the second connecting rod, the other end of the second connecting rod is hingedly connected with the cutting mechanism, and the driving element is used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate; The driving element is a fourth oil cylinder, one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with one end of a lever, and a floating joint of the fourth oil cylinder is connected with the other end of the lever. The tip cutting mechanism comprises a frame, two tip poking wheels and a second cutter disc, the two tip poking wheels are symmetrically installed on the frame, the second cutter disc is installed between the two tip poking wheels, the second cutter disc is used for cutting off the top of the sugarcane, and the tip poking wheels are used for throwing away the cut-off top; the frame is further provided with a pulley, and the tip cutting mechanism slides along the guide rail through the pulley.

4. A self-propelled sugarcane cutting and windrower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear conveying mechanism comprises a main conveying structure and an auxiliary conveying structure, the main conveying structure and the front conveying mechanism are both composed of two oppositely arranged and interconnected rubber plate type conveying chains, and the two rubber plate type conveying chains rotate towards each other to convey the sugarcane; The auxiliary conveying structure is located below the main conveying structure, the auxiliary conveying structure is a conveying belt mechanism, the conveying belt mechanism comprises a driving roller, a driven roller and a conveying belt, the driving roller and the driven roller are located at two ends of the whole conveying belt mechanism, the driving roller and the driven roller are connected through the conveying belt, and the driving roller is connected with a motor; The main conveying structure and the auxiliary conveying structure convey the sugarcane by cooperation, the motor controls the action of the auxiliary conveying structure through forward rotation and reverse rotation, the conveying speeds of the main conveying structure and the auxiliary conveying structure are matched, and the conveying belt structure is provided with rubber baffles and sealing plates on both sides.

5. A self-propelled sugarcane cutting and windrower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unloading device comprises a box and a retracting mechanism, the bottom of the box is of an openable structure, the opening and closing of the bottom of the box is controlled through a first driving device, and the retracting mechanism is used for retracting and releasing the box.

6. A cane unloader according to claim 5 wherein, The openable structure comprises two doors, the outer sides of the two doors are hingedly connected to the two sides of the bottom of the box, the first driving device is a first oil cylinder, the base of the first oil cylinder is fixed on the box, the floating joint of the first oil cylinder is hingedly connected to one end of a connecting plate, and the other end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the door.

7. A cane unloader according to claim 6 wherein, The retracting mechanism comprises a third connecting rod and a fourth connecting rod, one end of each of the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod is hingedly connected to a frame, and the other end is hingedly connected to the box, a four-bar mechanism is formed by the third connecting rod, the fourth connecting rod, the box and the frame, and the second driving device is a second oil cylinder. The floating joint of the second oil cylinder is connected with one of the box, the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod.

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