An orange-segment type spun-bonded hydroentangled ultrafine fiber nonwoven filter material based on aqueous solution splitting and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides an orange-segment type spun-bonded hydroentangled superfine fiber non-woven filter material based on water-soluble fiber opening, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of melt spinning and hydroentangled non-woven materials, and aims to solve the technical problem of poor opening effect of the orange-segment type superfine fiber, which leads to reduced air permeability and filtration efficiency when the orange-segment type superfine fiber is used for filter materials. The preparation method is as follows: (1) preparing water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol masterbatch; (2) a spun-bonded polypropylene / polyvinyl alcohol orange-segment type non-woven material forming process; (3) an oil bath hot drawing forming process; (4) a low-pressure hydroentangled opening and reinforcement forming process; and (5) a hot water bath opening and setting process, so that the orange-segment type superfine fiber non-woven filter material is prepared. The method can greatly save the energy consumption required for opening, the preparation process is green and environmentally friendly, and the method has the advantages of large-scale production.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of melt spinning and water jet nonwoven materials, and particularly relates to an orange segment type spun-bonded water jet ultrafine fiber nonwoven filter material based on water-soluble splitting and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of China's industry, environmental pollution problems are becoming more and more serious, which greatly affects people's health problems. Therefore, the research and development of filter materials have attracted much attention in recent years. As a kind of nanometer fiber, orange segment type ultrafine fiber has the characteristics of high mechanical strength and large specific surface area, and is very suitable for the preparation of nonwoven filter materials.

[0003] However, there are still many problems to be solved in the existing preparation process and application of orange segment type ultrafine fiber. The water jet process is a common splitting process for orange segment type ultrafine fiber. Due to the strong interfacial bonding force between the two polymer components (or the compatibility of the two components), it is often difficult to crack the fiber, making it difficult to achieve the purpose of ultrafine fiber; and a large amount of energy and water resources are consumed in the water jet process, which greatly increases the production cost; in addition, when used in filter materials, the cracking of the fiber is usually uneven, which greatly reduces the air permeability and filtration efficiency of the fiber.

[0004] To solve the above problems, patent CN102733094A proposes a preparation of hollow orange segment, which uses the smaller interfacial bonding area between the two components of hollow orange segment to greatly reduce the energy consumption in the splitting process by using the water jet process; patent CN113417078A uses a high shrinkage polymer as one of the raw materials of the orange segment type fiber, which uses the different thermal shrinkage properties of the two components to make the fiber have a splitting trend, reducing the energy consumption in the water jet process; patent CN107268183A uses orange segment type ultrafine fiber as raw material, and then performs stiffening finishing and hot rolling finishing, which uses the difference between the melting points of the two components to obtain a membrane filter substrate with good air permeability. However, the needle-punched nonwoven material produced by the above preparation methods is difficult to balance the energy-saving and environment-friendly splitting, high filtration efficiency, high air permeability and excellent mechanical properties. Therefore, how to manufacture a nonwoven material with green splitting, excellent mechanical properties, good air permeability and ultra-high filtration efficiency has become a problem to be solved in the field of double-component ultrafine fiber industry. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the technical problem that the orange segment type ultrafine fiber has poor opening effect, resulting in reduced air permeability and filtration efficiency when used as a filter material, the application provides an orange segment type spun-bonded hydroentangled ultrafine fiber nonwoven filter material based on water-soluble opening, a preparation method and application thereof, and the obtained bicomponent ultrafine fiber nonwoven filter material has excellent mechanical properties, a super-high specific surface area and excellent filtration performance (high filtration efficiency and high dust holding capacity), and is energy-saving, environmentally friendly, green and pollution-free.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the application is as follows:

[0007] A preparation method of an orange segment type spun-bonded hydroentangled ultrafine fiber nonwoven filter material based on water-soluble opening, steps are as follows:

[0008] (1) Preparation of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol masterbatch: blending polyvinyl alcohol and plasticizer in a certain proportion, and then granulating through a screw extruder;

[0009] (2) Spun-bonded polypropylene / polyvinyl alcohol orange segment nonwoven material forming process: melt spinning the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol masterbatch and polypropylene spinning masterbatch of step (1) through a double-screw spinning machine, and extruding through an orange segment type spinning assembly, and forming a spun-bonded polypropylene / polyvinyl alcohol orange segment nonwoven material after pre-drawing;

[0010] (3) Oil bath hot drawing forming process: further stretching and orienting the spun-bonded polypropylene / polyvinyl alcohol orange segment nonwoven material prepared in step (2) through an online hot oil bath drawing process, so as to obtain an orange segment type bicomponent nonwoven material with excellent mechanical properties;

[0011] (4) Low-pressure hydroentangled opening and reinforcement forming process: opening and reinforcing the orange segment type bicomponent filament prepared in step (3) through a hydroentangling process to form a spun-bonded hydroentangled nonwoven material;

[0012] (5) Hot water bath opening-drawing forming process: applying a certain tension to the spun-bonded hydroentangled nonwoven material obtained in step (4), and repeatedly placing it in a hot water bath for further opening, and then cold-drying and setting to form an orange segment type ultrafine fiber nonwoven filter material;

[0013] In the above step (1), the polyvinyl alcohol has a weight average molecular weight of 64,000-75,000, an alcoholysis degree of 86-90 %, a polymerization degree of 300-500, and a melt flow index of 50-80 g / 10min; the prepared polyvinyl alcohol has an initial decomposition temperature of 280-290 DEG C; in addition, due to the low alcoholysis degree of the prepared polyvinyl alcohol, it has excellent water solubility at room temperature.

[0014] The plasticizer includes an alcohol plasticizer and an amine plasticizer (such as sorbitol and melamine, dipentaerythritol and caprolactam, etc.) in a mass ratio of 3:1 to 5:1, and the mass ratio of the plasticizer to polyvinyl alcohol is 3:97 to 6:97.

[0015] The parameters of the spunbond forming process in the above step (2) are as follows: screw temperature is 200-205°C in zone 1, 220°C in zone 2, 220-225°C in zone 3, 225-230°C in zone 4, 230-235°C in zone 5, and 240-245°C in zone 6; the metering pump temperature is 240-245°C; the die head temperature is 240-245°C; and the cooling air temperature is 10-20°C.

[0016] In the above step (2), the spunbonded polypropylene / polyvinyl alcohol orange segment nonwoven material is a fiber filament, wherein the pre-stretching is a tubular airflow stretching, and the stretching ratio is 1.5-3.

[0017] The mass ratio of polypropylene spinning masterbatch to water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol masterbatch is (6:4)-(9:1). Preferably, the ratio of polypropylene spinning masterbatch to water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol masterbatch is 7:3, 8:2 and 9:1. Since polyvinyl alcohol will be quickly dissolved in the end, the fiber opening cost is greatly saved and the fiber opening efficiency is also improved.

[0018] The oil bath hot drawing in step (3) has a drawing ratio of 4-6 times and a drawing temperature of 120°C. Preferably, the oil bath hot drawing device has a multi-stage drawing structure, has 5 drawing rollers, and an oil bath temperature of 120°C; has 4 drawing zones, and the drawing ratios (speed of drawing roller n / speed of drawing roller 1) are 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 times, respectively. Through this step-by-step increase in the drawing ratio, the prepared two-component tangerine segment filaments have better orientation and excellent mechanical properties.

[0019] The water puncture pressure in step (4) is 6 MPa-10 MPa, and the water needle diameter is 0.11 mm.

[0020] The tension applied in the above step (5) is 5-10N, the water bath temperature is 90-100°C, and the number of repeated water bath immersion-cold drying is 10 times; the hot water bath can not only have a heat-setting effect on the prepared material, but also can further completely dissolve the polyvinyl alcohol.

[0021] A segmented orange-shaped spunbond and spunlace ultrafine fiber nonwoven filter material prepared by any of the above methods.

[0022] The above-mentioned segmented pie-shaped bicomponent fiber has a strength of 1.8 cN / dtex-3.0 cN / dtex; and the segmented pie-shaped spun-bonded hydroentangled ultrafine fiber non-woven filter material has a face density of 20-60 (GB / T 24218.1-2009), a porosity of 85 %-95 %, a longitudinal tensile breaking strength of 550 N-650 N (GB / T 24218.3-2010), a longitudinal tensile breaking elongation of 19 %-32 % (GB / T 24218.3-2010), a transverse tensile breaking strength of 480 N-560 N (GB / T 24218.3-2010), a transverse tensile breaking elongation of 22 %-40 % (GB / T 24218.3-2010), an air permeability of 220 mm / s-280 mm / s, a fibrillation rate of 100 %, and a filtration efficiency of 99.8-99.999 % (GB / T 38398-2019).

[0023] The needled non-woven filter material prepared from the above-mentioned segmented pie-shaped bicomponent fiber can be applied in the fields of automobile air conditioner filter cartridges and medical protective materials.

[0024] The present application has the following advantages:

[0025] 1. The segmented pie-shaped bicomponent ultrafine fiber non-woven material is prepared by using water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol and polypropylene as raw materials. Compared with the current common segmented pie-shaped bicomponent fiber non-woven material, the biggest feature of the present application is that the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol can be used for fibrillation. The fibrillation is much easier than the common polyester / polyamide segmented pie-shaped fiber, and the water-soluble fibrillation can be realized at room temperature. Based on this, the present application can realize the fiber cracking at a lower hydroentanglement pressure (6 MPa-10 MPa) in the hydroentanglement process, thereby saving a large amount of energy.

[0026] 2. Based on the water-soluble characteristics of polyvinyl alcohol, the present application adopts an oil bath drafting device to perform online drafting on the prepared segmented pie-shaped spun-bonded non-woven material. By gradually increasing the drafting ratio, the present application prepared non-woven material has a higher orientation degree and mechanical strength.

[0027] 3. The present application adopts low-pressure hydroentanglement to perform fibrillation on the prepared segmented pie-shaped spun-bonded non-woven material. Due to the room temperature water-soluble characteristics of the prepared polyvinyl alcohol, the fiber cracking can be realized at a smaller hydroentanglement pressure, and the fibrillation efficiency is high. This low-pressure hydroentanglement fibrillation method greatly reduces the energy consumption for the segmented pie-shaped fiber cracking. At the same time, the low-pressure hydroentanglement process also plays a role in reinforcing the segmented pie-shaped spun-bonded non-woven material, so that the entanglement between the fibers is more compact, thereby further improving the mechanical properties.

[0028] 4、The low-pressure spunlace process is carried out, polyvinyl alcohol may not be completely dissolved after fiber opening, therefore, in the heat setting process, the water bath is adopted, which not only makes the prepared material reach the setting effect, but also makes the polyvinyl alcohol completely dissolved, so that the superfine polypropylene orange segment fiber is obtained, and a unique cross-sectional shape (as shown in Figure 4 The obtained non-woven material has a greatly improved fiber stacking density, so that the fiber has a super-high specific surface area, and based on the unique cross-sectional shape, the prepared non-woven material has a super-high filtration efficiency (99.8-99.999 %). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the following embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a preparation process diagram of the spun-bond polypropylene / polyvinyl alcohol orange segment non-woven material in the present application; wherein, 1-1 is a feeding port A, 1-2 is a screw A, 1-3 is a spinning assembly, 1-4 is a nascent filament, 1-5 is a pre-drawing device, 1-6 is a screw B, and 1-7 is a feeding port B.

[0031] Figure 2 It is an oil bath heat drawing device in the present application; wherein, 2-1 is a drawing roller I, 2-2 is a drawing roller II, 2-3 is a drawing roller III, 2-4 is a drawing roller IV, 2-5 is a drawing roller V, and 2-6 is an oil bath box.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the orange segment type bicomponent filament before fiber opening.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the orange segment type bicomponent filament after fiber opening.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a thermogravimetric test analysis diagram of the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol master batch.

[0035] Figure 6 It is an optical microscope diagram of the orange segment type bicomponent filament. The optical microscope magnification is 500.

[0036] Figure 7 It is a hot water bath fiber opening-setting process flow; 7-1 is a tension clamp, 7-2 is a spun-bond spunlace non-woven material, 7-3 is a hot water bath, and 7-4 is a cold air drying device.

[0037] Figure 8 The water-solubility of polyvinyl alcohol at different temperatures. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] A preparation method of an orange-segment type spun-bonded hydroentangled ultrafine fiber nonwoven filter material based on water-soluble opening, a spinning forming process and a post-drawing process are shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 , and the steps are as follows:

[0041] (1) Preparation of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol masterbatch

[0042] First, sorbitol and melamine are mixed at a ratio of 3:1, and then they are blended with powdered polyvinyl alcohol with a molecular weight of 64,000, an alcoholysis degree of 86%, a polymerization degree of 500 and a melt flow index of 80 g / 10 min, the ratio of plasticizer to polyvinyl alcohol being 3:97. After uniform stirring, the mixture is granulated by a screw extruder to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol heat-stable masterbatch.

[0043] The water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol masterbatch modified based on amine and alcohol plasticizers has good thermal stability (as shown in Figure 5 ), thereby meeting the use of the subsequent process.

[0044] (2) Spun-bonded polypropylene / polyvinyl alcohol orange-segment nonwoven material forming process

[0045] The water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol masterbatch of step (1) and the spinning-grade polypropylene spinning masterbatch are added to feeding port A 1-1 and feeding port B 1-7, respectively. The two components are respectively melted and flowed to spinning assembly 1-3 via screw A 1-2 and screw B 1-6, and are extruded therefrom to form orange-segment type bi-component primary filaments 1-4. Subsequently, the primary filaments are pre-drawn and oriented via pre-drawing device 1-5, and finally, the fibers are formed into a fiber web on a webbing curtain via wire drawing and webbing. The ratio of polypropylene to polyvinyl alcohol in the orange-segment type bi-component filaments is 7:3.

[0046] Based on the melting points of polypropylene and polyvinyl alcohol, the melt spinning process parameters in this example were set as follows: screw temperatures of 200°C in zone 1, 220°C in zone 2, 220°C in zone 3, 225°C in zone 4, 230°C in zone 5, and 240°C in zone 6; the metering pump temperature was 240°C; the die temperature was 240°C; and the cooling air temperature was 20°C. The pre-drafting draw ratio was 1.5.

[0047] (3) Online oil bath hot stretching orientation process

[0048] In order to further improve the mechanical properties of the orange segment type spunbond nonwoven material prepared in step (2), it was subjected to an oil bath drawing device ( Figure 2 ) is further stretched and oriented. The stretching device has a multi-stage stretching structure. The oil bath temperature in the oil bath box 2-6 is 120°C. The oil bath stretching device has 5 stretching rollers (stretching roller I is 2-1, stretching roller II is 2-2, stretching roller III is 2-3, stretching roller IV is 2-4, and stretching roller V is 2-5). It has 4 stretching areas. The stretching ratios (speed of stretching roller n / speed of stretching roller I) are 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 times, respectively. Through this step-by-step stretching ratio increase, bicomponent tangerine segment filaments with good orientation and excellent mechanical properties are prepared. The cross-section of the tangerine segment-shaped bicomponent filament before fiber opening is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the microscopic morphology is Figure 6 shown.

[0049] (4) Low-pressure hydroentanglement fiber opening and reinforcement molding process

[0050] The orange segment spunbond nonwoven material prepared in step (3) is subjected to fiber opening and reinforcement through a low-pressure hydroentanglement process, and the fiber opening is performed while being reinforced to obtain a spunbond hydroentangled nonwoven material. The hydroentanglement pressure is 8 MPa, and the diameter of the water needle is 0.11 mm.

[0051] (5) Hot water bath shaping process

[0052] Since the polyvinyl alcohol in the spunbond spunlace nonwoven material prepared in step (4) has not been completely dissolved, its filtration performance needs to be improved. In order to increase its specific surface area and optimize its filtration performance, the present invention uses a hot water bath to further open the fibers, such as Figure 7 As shown, a tension clamp 7-1 is used to apply a tension of 5N to the spunbond spunlace nonwoven material 7-2, which is then immersed in a hot water bath 7-3 at a temperature of 90°C. The nonwoven material is then taken out and blown dry using a cold air blower 7-4. To completely dissolve the polyvinyl alcohol in the water and to increase the morphological thermal stability of the prepared nonwoven material, the nonwoven material is repeatedly immersed in the water bath and cold-dried 10 times, with each immersion lasting 3 minutes, to achieve complete fiber opening and heat setting. The cross-section of the orange segment-shaped bicomponent filament after fiber opening is shown in FIG. Figure 4 shown.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] A preparation method of a water-soluble and fibrillated orange segment type spun-bonded and hydro-entangled ultra-fine fiber non-woven filter material is as follows:

[0055] The preparation process of this example is substantially the same as that of Example 1, except that the pre-drafting ratio in step (2) is 2.0 times.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] A preparation method of a water-soluble and fibrillated orange segment type spun-bonded and hydro-entangled ultra-fine fiber non-woven filter material is as follows:

[0058] The preparation method of this example is the same as that of Example 1, except that the ratio of polypropylene and polyvinyl alcohol in step (2) is 6:4, and the pre-drafting ratio is 3.0 times.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] A preparation method of a water-soluble and fibrillated orange segment type spun-bonded and hydro-entangled ultra-fine fiber non-woven filter material is as follows:

[0061] The preparation method of this example is the same as that of Example 1, except that the ratio of polypropylene and polyvinyl alcohol in step (2) is 6:4, and the pre-drafting ratio is 3.0 times.

[0062] Example 5

[0063] A preparation method of a water-soluble and fibrillated orange segment type spun-bonded and hydro-entangled ultra-fine fiber non-woven filter material is as follows:

[0064] The preparation method of this example is the same as that of Example 1, except that the ratio of polypropylene and polyvinyl alcohol in step (2) is 8:2, and the pre-drafting ratio is 3.0 times.

[0065] Example 6

[0066] A preparation method of a water-soluble and fibrillated orange segment type spun-bonded and hydro-entangled ultra-fine fiber non-woven filter material is as follows:

[0067] The preparation method of this example is the same as that of Example 1, except that the ratio of polypropylene and polyvinyl alcohol in step (2) is 9:1, and the pre-drafting ratio is 3.0 times.

[0068] Example 7

[0069] The water-soluble and fibrillated orange segment type spun-bonded and hydro-entangled ultra-fine fiber non-woven filter materials prepared in Examples 1-6 were tested for performance, and the testing methods were as follows:

[0070] The characteristic indexes in the above embodiments 1 to 6 are determined by the following method.

[0071] Performance test of needle-punched nonwoven filter material

[0072] (1) Determination of area density and porosity

[0073] The area density refers to the mass per unit area of the textile material, and the area density test is performed according to the standard “GB / T 24218.1-2009 Nonwoven Test Methods Part 1: Determination of Mass per Unit Area”.

[0074] The density of the composite fiber material is calculated according to the densities of the polyvinyl alcohol heat-stable polymer and the polypropylene polymer in the two-component filament and their mass fractions in the composite fiber. p Then, the porosity of the fiber material in the product is calculated according to formula (1) η .

[0075] (1)

[0076] (2)

[0077] wherein G is the product grammage, T is the material thickness, p f is the fiber density, p 1、 p 2 and p n is the density of the component, w 1、 w 2 and w n is the density fraction of the component.

[0078] (2) Determination of air permeability

[0079] The air permeability of the prepared needle-punched nonwoven filter material is tested using a full-automatic air permeability tester (YG461E-III type, Ningbo Textile Instrument Factory, China), according to the standard “GB / T 24218.15-2018 Textiles Nonwoven Test Methods Part 15: Determination of Air Permeability”, setting the air permeability tester to full-automatic mode, with the unit being mm / s, placing the PET / PA6 bi-component spun-bond hydroentangled nonwoven material under the clamping device of the air permeability tester, measuring each sample of each process 5 times, and then calculating the average value.

[0080] (3) Determination of tensile breaking performance

[0081] The tensile breaking performance of the prepared needle-punched nonwoven filter material was determined by a nonwoven material electronic universal testing machine (CZ-4000D1, Changzhe Testing Machine Co., Ltd., Yangzhou, China), and the sample was cut into a rectangle with a size of 200 mm in length and 50 mm in width according to the standard GB / T 24218.3-2010, the clamping distance of the instrument was 100 mm, the tensile speed was 100 mm / min, the test was performed 5 times, and the average value was obtained.

[0082] (4) Determination of filtration performance

[0083] The filtration performance of the prepared needle-punched nonwoven filter material was tested by a particulate matter filtration efficiency tester (DR251X, Wenzhou Darong Textile Instrument Co., Ltd., China), and the sample was cut into a circular sample with a radius of 15 cm according to the standard GB / T 38398-2019 Textiles - Determination of the most penetrating particle size - Filtration performance, and placed on the clamping device, the air flow of the filtration tester was set to 32 L / min, the sodium chloride solution concentration was 0.9%, each process sample was tested 5 times, and the average value was obtained.

[0084] In addition, the water solubility of polyvinyl alcohol at different water bath temperatures was tested, and the results are shown in Table 2. Figure 8 It can be seen that the water solubility gradually increases with the increase of temperature.

[0085] The product performance test results of the above examples are shown in Table 1:

[0086] Table 1 Performance of orange segment type spunbond hydroentangled ultrafine fiber nonwoven filter material

[0087]

[0088] As shown in Table 1, the prepared water-soluble and fibrillated orange segment type spunbond hydroentangled ultrafine fiber nonwoven filter material is as follows: the areal density of the nonwoven filter material is 20 g / m 2 -60 g / m 2 (GB / T 24218.1-2009), the porosity is 85 %-95 %, the longitudinal tensile breaking strength is 550 N-650 N (GB / T 24218.3-2010), the longitudinal tensile breaking elongation is 19 %-32 % (GB / T 24218.3-2010), the transverse tensile breaking strength is 480 N-560 N (GB / T 24218.3-2010), the transverse tensile breaking elongation is 22 %-40 % (GB / T 24218.3-2010), the air permeability is 220 mm / s-280 mm / s, the fibrillation rate is 100 %, and the filtration efficiency is 99.8-99.999 % (GB / T 38398-2019).

[0089] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A process for the production of a water-soluble based, orange- segment type, spun-bonded hydro-entangled ultra-fine fiber nonwoven filtration material, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: (1) Preparation of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol master batch: polyvinyl alcohol and plasticizer are blended and then granulated; (2) Spun-bonded polypropylene / polyvinyl alcohol orange segment nonwoven material forming process: water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol master batch and polypropylene spinning master batch are melt-spun by a double-screw spinning machine, extruded through an orange segment spinning assembly, pre-drafted, and laid into a web to form a spun-bonded polypropylene / polyvinyl alcohol orange segment web; (3) Oil bath heat-drawing forming process: the spun-bonded polypropylene / polyvinyl alcohol orange segment web is heat-drawn in an oil bath to obtain an orange segment bicomponent filament nonwoven material; (4) Low-pressure water jetting, fibrillation, and reinforcement forming process: the web is reinforced and formed by a water jetting process to obtain a spun-bonded water-jetted nonwoven material; (5) Hot water bath fibrillation-setting process: the spun-bonded water-jetted nonwoven material obtained in step (4) is subjected to hot water bath fibrillation under tension and cold dry setting to obtain an orange segment ultrafine fiber nonwoven filter material; In step (1), the polyvinyl alcohol has a weight average molecular weight of 64,000-75,000, an alcoholysis degree of 86-90%, a polymerization degree of 300-500, and a melt flow index of 50-80 g / 10 min; the initial decomposition temperature of the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol master batch is 280-290°C; the plasticizer comprises alcohol-based plasticizer and amine-based plasticizer in a mass ratio of 3:1-5:1, and the mass ratio of the plasticizer to the polyvinyl alcohol is 3:97-6:97; In step (2), the mass ratio of the polypropylene spinning master batch to the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol master batch is (6:4)-(9:1); In step (3), the oil bath heat-drawing uses a stepwise increasing draw ratio, and the draw ratio is 4-6 times, and the draw temperature is 120-130°C; In step (4), the water jetting process has a water jetting pressure of 6-10 MPa and a water needle diameter of 0.11 mm; In step (5), the tension is 5-10 N, the hot water bath temperature is 90-100°C, and the hot water bath fibrillation-cold dry setting is performed for no less than 10 times.

2. The process for the preparation of water-soluble based, orange- peel type, spun-bonded hydro-entangled ultra-fine fibrous nonwoven filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the process parameters for melt spinning are as follows: screw temperature is 200-205°C in zone 1, 220°C in zone 2, 220-225°C in zone 3, 225-230°C in zone 4, 230-235°C in zone 5, and 240-245°C in zone 6; the metering pump temperature is 240-245°C; the die temperature is 240-245°C; the cooling air temperature is 10-20°C; and the pre-drawing ratio is 1.5-3 times.

3. The water-soluble fibrillation-based orange segment spun-bonded water-jetted ultrafine fiber nonwoven filter material prepared by the method of claim 2.

4. The hydroswell-based, orange- peel, spun-bond, hydro-entangled, microfiber, nonwoven, filter material of claim 3, wherein, The orange-type ultrafine fiber nonwoven filter material has a face density of 20-60 g / m 2 , a porosity of 85-95%, a longitudinal tensile breaking strength of 550-650 N, a longitudinal tensile breaking elongation of 19-32%, a transverse tensile breaking strength of 480-560 N, a transverse tensile breaking elongation of 22-40%, an air permeability of 220-280 mm / s, a fibrillation rate of 100%, and a filtration efficiency of 99.8-99.999%.

5. The orange segment spun-bonded water-jetted ultrafine fiber nonwoven filter material of claim 4 is applied in the fields of automobile air conditioner filter cartridges and water filtration.

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