Method for using a tool for controlling shear deformation of horizontal well casing

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tool for controlling shear deformation of horizontal well casing and a method for using the tool, which includes a sleeve mechanism, two double-layer center pipes, two isolation mechanisms, a male joint and a female joint; the sleeve mechanism includes a sleeve base, a sleeve body and a large ball cone seat, and the large ball cone seat is installed in the right end part of the inner cavity of the sleeve body; the sleeve base is provided with a liquid outlet and an axially arranged cement slurry channel; the two isolation mechanisms are respectively connected to one end of the two double-layer center pipes, and the other ends of the two double-layer center pipes are respectively installed in the two ends of the sleeve base; the male joint and the female joint are respectively connected to the two isolation mechanisms, and a small ball cone seat is provided in the female joint. Compared with the traditional casing deformation control method that may increase the difficulty of drilling, increase the drilling cost and affect the production efficiency of oil and gas fields by reducing the scale of fracturing, increasing the steel grade and wall thickness of the casing, adjusting the wellbore trajectory, etc., the present invention uses this tool to effectively control the deformation of the casing and reduce the development cost of the oil and gas field to ensure normal production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a tool for controlling shear deformation of horizontal well casing and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development. Background Art

[0002] During the development of shale gas horizontal wells, casing deformation is common. Casing deformation seriously restricts the passability of downhole tools and becomes one of the bottlenecks limiting the efficiency of shale gas well production. Fault slip and natural fracture dislocation induced by hydraulic fracturing are one of the main controlling factors of casing shear deformation. For the control method of casing shear deformation of horizontal wells, most of them currently adopt process means such as adjusting the wellbore trajectory, optimizing fracturing parameters, increasing the thickness of the cement ring, increasing the steel grade and wall thickness of the casing, and improving the cement slurry formula for cementing. Although these methods can alleviate the deformation of the casing to a certain extent, they will also lead to new technical problems, such as frequent adjustment of the wellbore trajectory makes drilling more difficult, optimizing fracturing parameters cannot guarantee the effective reservoir transformation volume, and increasing the steel grade and wall thickness of the casing is not conducive to the later wellbore repair, etc.

[0003] Currently, there is no dedicated downhole tool for controlling casing shear deformation. In view of this, a tool for controlling casing shear deformation in horizontal wells and a method for using the tool are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a tool for controlling shear deformation of horizontal well casing and a method for using the tool.

[0005] The technical solution provided by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a tool for controlling shear deformation of horizontal well casing, comprising a sliding sleeve mechanism, two double-layer central pipes, two isolation mechanisms, a male joint, and a female joint;

[0006] The sliding sleeve mechanism comprises a sliding sleeve base, a sliding sleeve body, and a large pitching cone seat. The middle part of the sliding sleeve body is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed strip holes, and the large pitching cone seat is installed in the right end part of the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve body; the sliding sleeve base is provided with a liquid outlet and an axially arranged cement slurry channel, the liquid outlet is located above the right end outer wall of the sliding sleeve body, and the sliding sleeve base is provided with a stop ring for limiting the movement of the sliding sleeve body;

[0007] The two isolation mechanisms are respectively connected to one end of the two double-layer central pipes, and the other ends of the two double-layer central pipes are respectively installed in the two ends of the sliding sleeve base, and the inner cavity and outer annulus of the two double-layer central pipes are connected through the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve base and the cement slurry channel respectively;

[0008] The male joint and the female joint are respectively connected with the two packing mechanisms, and a small ball cone seat is arranged in the female joint.

[0009] A further technical solution is that the isolation mechanism includes a sleeve and an isolation pipe and a connecting pipe connected in sequence, one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the outer pipe of the double-layer center pipe, the inner pipe of the double-layer center pipe extends into the isolation pipe, one end of the sleeve is sleeved on the connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the isolation pipe; the isolation pipe is provided with a radially arranged liquid inlet hole and an axially arranged hydraulic channel, the two ends of the hydraulic channel are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet hole and the gap between the sleeve and the connecting pipe, a piston is provided in the gap between the sleeve and the connecting pipe, a isolation assembly is provided on the connecting pipe, the movement of the piston drives the isolation assembly to realize seating and anchoring, the isolation pipe and the outer wall of the inner pipe of the double-layer center pipe have a gap, the connecting pipe and the outer wall of the inner pipe of the double-layer center pipe have an annulus, the gap, the annulus and the outer annulus of the double-layer center pipe are connected, and the outer wall of the isolation pipe is provided with a cement slurry inlet and outlet communicated with the gap.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the sealing assembly includes a pressing sleeve, a rubber tube, a claw connecting tube, a claw joint, and a plurality of claws, the two ends of the claws are respectively connected to the claw connecting tube and the claw joint, the pressing sleeve, the rubber tube, and the claw connecting tube are sequentially sleeved on the connecting pipe, the claw joint is connected to the right end of the connecting pipe, a plurality of claws are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the connecting pipe, and the left end of the pressing sleeve is located in the gap between the sleeve and the connecting pipe.

[0011] A further technical solution is that a tooth spring and a tooth ring which are both sleeved on the connecting pipe are arranged in the compression sleeve, and two ends of the tooth spring are respectively in contact with the tooth ring and the piston.

[0012] A further technical solution is that a left ring, a spring and a right ring which are sequentially sleeved on the connecting pipe are arranged in the rubber tube.

[0013] A further technical solution is that a plurality of claws are sleeved with claw thin rings.

[0014] A further technical solution is that a small pitching shear pin for limiting the movement of the small pitching cone seat and a large pitching shear pin for limiting the movement of the large pitching cone seat are respectively provided in the female joint and the sliding sleeve body.

[0015] A further technical solution is that the sliding sleeve base is provided with an anti-misoperation pin for limiting the movement of the sliding sleeve body.

[0016] A further technical solution is that an inverted triangle buckle is provided at the left end of the sliding sleeve body, and a buckle groove matching the inverted triangle buckle is provided on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve base.

[0017] A method for using a tool for controlling shear deformation of horizontal well casing comprises:

[0018] 1. Connect the two ends of the tool for controlling the shear deformation of the horizontal well casing to the casing respectively, and lower the tool for controlling the shear deformation of the horizontal well casing to the casing deformation risk section;

[0019] Second, a small ball is put into the casing, and the small ball reaches the small ball cone seat in the tool, pressurizing the casing to achieve pressure holding;

[0020] 3. Inject fluid into the casing, and the liquid enters the hydraulic channel from the liquid inlet hole in the tool and fills the hydraulic channel;

[0021] 4. When the pressure in the hydraulic channel reaches the first rated pressure, the piston pushes the sleeve to move under the action of hydraulic pressure, compresses the rubber tube and continues to push the claws to open and bite the wellbore wall of the open hole, completing the setting and anchoring;

[0022] 5. Under the action of hydraulic pressure, the piston pushes the pressing sleeve to move and also pushes the snap ring to move at the same time; the snap ring has a conical surface and moves along the conical surface of the pressing sleeve under the action of thrust. The thrust generates a downward partial pressure through the conical surface and gradually increases with the push of the piston, and finally the snap ring is engaged to complete the locking function;

[0023] 6. Continue to increase the pressure in the casing. When the pressure exceeds the second rated working pressure, the small ball shear pin of the small ball cone seat is sheared off, and the small ball cone seat is thrown away;

[0024] 7. Carry out cementing operation, inject cement slurry into the casing, the cement slurry enters the bottom of the well after passing through the tool, and then enters the annulus between the casing and the wall of the open hole from the bottom of the well, and gradually fills the annulus; the cement slurry in the annulus enters the tool from the cement slurry inlet and outlet at the right end of the tool when passing through the tool, and passes through the isolation mechanism, double-layer center pipe, and sliding sleeve mechanism at the right end of the tool in turn, and then passes through the double-layer center pipe and isolation mechanism at the left end of the tool, and finally enters the annulus between the casing and the wall of the open hole through the cement slurry inlet and outlet of the isolation mechanism at the left end of the tool; thereby achieving normal cementing by avoiding risk sections;

[0025] 8. After cementing is completed, the second ball throwing operation is carried out, and a large ball is thrown in; the diameter of the large ball is larger than that of the small ball and cannot pass through the large ball cone seat, and the large ball falls into the large ball cone seat;

[0026] 9. Pressurize the casing. When the pressure reaches the third rated pressure, the anti-error pin is cut off, and the sleeve body moves rightward to the stop ring under the action of thrust. At this time, the strip hole on the sleeve body coincides with the liquid outlet on the sleeve base, forming a new liquid channel.

[0027] 10. Stop pressurizing and inject special cement slurry with low elastic modulus and high Poisson's ratio or liquid with high viscosity into the casing; the liquid enters the annulus of the casing change risk section through the liquid channel formed by the strip holes of the sliding sleeve body and the liquid outlet of the sliding sleeve base, and finally fills the entire annulus;

[0028] 11. After the special liquid is injected, the salvage tool is lowered; the large ball cone seat has an inverted triangle buckle structure that is combined with the salvage tool; the salvage tool is lifted, and the sliding sleeve body moves to the left under the drive of the large ball cone seat driven by the salvage tool; when the sliding sleeve body moves to the left end of the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve base, due to the inverted triangle buckle structure of the sliding sleeve body and the cone sleeve base, the sliding sleeve body and the sliding sleeve base are locked and locked, thereby closing the liquid channel;

[0029] 12. Continue to lift the salvage tool. When the lifting force exceeds the allowable shear force of the large ball shear pin, the pin is sheared off, and the large ball cone seat is brought out of the casing by the salvage tool. The functions of the casing shear deformation tool are fully realized, and the tool passability of the casing is restored.

[0030] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. A specific tool and method for solving casing shear deformation is proposed. Compared with the traditional casing deformation control method that increases the thickness of the cement ring to increase the casing thickness and steel grade, reduces the scale of fracturing, adjusts the wellbore trajectory, etc., which may increase the drilling cost, increase the drilling difficulty, and affect the oil and gas field production efficiency; this tool can effectively control the casing deformation while reducing the cost of oil and gas field development and ensuring normal production efficiency.

[0032] 2. Compared with the traditional cementing device, this device is equipped with a claw structure on the isolation device according to the downhole conditions, which can anchor the entire device while setting the seal, preventing the device from failing due to eccentricity or dislocation, etc., and improving the reliability of the device.

[0033] 3. The tools are arranged in series through the middle joints. The number of series sections of the tools can be adjusted according to the length of the risk section of the sleeve change to achieve full coverage of the entire risk section.

[0034] 4. The tool can ensure normal cementing of other well sections while achieving non-cementing of risky well sections, thus ensuring the integrity of the wellbore.

[0035] 5. Compared with the traditional segmented cementing method, the tool adds a sliding sleeve device for liquid injection in the middle section, which can fill the annulus of the casing change risk section with high viscosity liquid or special cement with high elastic modulus and low Poisson's ratio for absorbing formation displacement. While controlling casing change, the injected liquid also protects the risk section.

[0036] 6. Two ball throwing methods are used to respectively realize the device sealing and the sleeve opening. Simple operation can reduce construction time and save costs.

[0037] 7. After the device realizes all functions, the injection hole can be closed by the salvage device. And the inverted triangle buckle on the sliding sleeve can ensure that the sliding sleeve is finally locked without affecting subsequent operations.

[0038] 8. The ball seat can be taken out through the fishing device, and the inner diameter of the device after deployment is the same as that of the ordinary casing, ensuring the passability of downhole tools. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 A three-dimensional stereogram of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sliding sleeve mechanism in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sealing mechanism in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the female connector in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of cement slurry flow;

[0046] Figure 8 is a three-dimensional diagram of the sliding sleeve body;

[0047] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sliding sleeve base;

[0048] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the large ball cone seat in the sliding sleeve body is salvaged. Implementation

[0049] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a tool for controlling shear deformation of horizontal well casing of the present invention comprises a sliding sleeve mechanism 4, two double-layer central pipes 3, two isolation mechanisms 2, a male connector 1, and a female connector 5;

[0051] The sliding sleeve mechanism 4 includes a sliding sleeve base 41, a sliding sleeve body 42, and a large ball pitching cone seat 43. The middle part of the sliding sleeve body 42 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed strip holes 44, and the large ball pitching cone seat 43 is installed in the right end part of the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve body 42; the sliding sleeve base 41 is provided with a liquid outlet 45 and an axially arranged cement slurry channel, and the liquid outlet 45 is located above the right end outer wall of the sliding sleeve body 42. The sliding sleeve base 41 is provided with a stop ring 46 for limiting the movement of the sliding sleeve body 42;

[0052] The two isolation mechanisms 2 are respectively connected to one end of the two double-layer central pipes 3, and the other ends of the two double-layer central pipes 3 are respectively installed in the two ends of the sliding sleeve base 41, and the inner cavity and outer annulus of the two double-layer central pipes 3 are respectively connected through the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve base 41 and the cement slurry channel;

[0053] The male joint 1 and the female joint 5 are connected to the two sealing mechanisms 2 respectively, and a small ball cone seat 51 is provided in the female joint 5 .

[0054] like Figure 5 As shown, in a specific implementation of this embodiment, the isolation mechanism 2 includes a sleeve 21 and an isolation pipe 22 and a connecting pipe 23 connected in sequence, one end of the connecting pipe 23 is connected to the outer pipe of the double-layer center pipe 3, and the inner pipe of the double-layer center pipe 3 extends into the isolation pipe 22, one end of the sleeve 21 is sleeved on the connecting pipe 23, and the other end is connected to the isolation pipe 22; the isolation pipe 22 is provided with a radially arranged liquid inlet hole 24 and an axially arranged hydraulic channel 25, and the two ends of the hydraulic channel 25 are respectively connected to the liquid inlet hole 24. 4. The gap between the sleeve 21 and the connecting pipe 23 is communicated, a piston 26 is provided in the gap between the sleeve 21 and the connecting pipe 23, a sealing assembly 28 is provided on the connecting pipe 23, the movement of the piston 26 drives the sealing assembly 28 to realize the setting and anchoring, the sealing pipe 22 and the outer wall of the inner pipe of the double-layer center pipe 3 have a gap, the connecting pipe 23 and the outer wall of the inner pipe of the double-layer center pipe 3 have an annulus, the gap, the annulus and the outer annulus of the double-layer center pipe are connected, and the outer wall of the sealing pipe 22 is provided with a cement slurry inlet and outlet 27 communicated with the gap.

[0055] like Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, a specific implementation of the sealing component 28 is that the sealing component 28 includes a pressing sleeve 281, a rubber tube 282, a claw connecting tube 283, a claw joint 285, and a plurality of claws 284, the two ends of the claws 284 are respectively connected to the claw connecting tube 283 and the claw joint 285, the pressing sleeve 281, the rubber tube 282, and the claw connecting tube 283 are sequentially sleeved on the connecting pipe 23, the claw joint 285 is connected to the right end of the connecting pipe 23, and a plurality of claws 284 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the connecting pipe 23 around the circumference, the left end of the pressing sleeve 281 is located in the gap between the sleeve 21 and the connecting pipe 23, and the pressing sleeve 281 is provided with a tooth spring 286 and a tooth ring 287 both sleeved on the connecting pipe 23, and the two ends of the tooth spring are respectively abutted against the tooth ring and the piston. The rubber tube 282 is provided with a left ring 288, a spring 289, and a right ring 2810 which are sleeved on the connecting pipe in sequence. A plurality of claws 284 are sleeved with claw thin rings 2811.

[0056] In this embodiment, in order to limit the movement, the preferred implementation mode is that the female joint 5 and the sliding sleeve body 42 are respectively provided with a small ball shear pin 52 for limiting the movement of the small ball cone seat and a large ball shear pin for limiting the movement of the large ball cone seat, and the sliding sleeve base 41 is provided with an anti-misoperation pin for limiting the movement of the sliding sleeve body 42.

[0057] In this embodiment, an inverted triangle buckle is provided at the left end of the sliding sleeve body 42 , and a plurality of openings distributed circumferentially are also provided at the left end, and a buckle groove matching the inverted triangle buckle is provided on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve base 41 .

[0058] In this embodiment, in order to improve the sealing effect, sealing rings are provided on the outer walls of the sliding sleeve body 42, the small ball pitching cone seat 51, and the large ball pitching cone seat 43. At the same time, sealing components are provided on the inner wall and the outer wall of the piston.

[0059] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0060] The process of setting and anchoring is as follows: a small ball is put into the small ball cone seat 51 to realize the pressure holding of the tool; then liquid is injected into the tool, and the liquid passes through the liquid inlet hole 24 and the hydraulic channel 25 in sequence to reach the end face 26 of the piston; due to the effect of hydraulic pressure, the piston 26 pushes the pressing sleeve 281 to move, and the pressing sleeve 281 squeezes the rubber tube 282, and the rubber tube 282 realizes the sealing of the well wall, and at the same time, the rubber tube 282 drives the claw connecting tube 283 to move, and since the claw joint 285 is fixed, the claw connecting tube 283 pushes the claw 284 to open and bite the well wall, completing the setting and anchoring;

[0061] The process of cementing operation is as follows: cement slurry is injected into the casing, and the cement slurry passes through the inner cavity of the tool, then enters the bottom of the well, and then enters the annulus between the casing and the well wall, and gradually fills the annulus; when the cement slurry in the annulus passes through the outer wall of the tool, due to the sealing of the rubber tube 282, the cement slurry enters the tool from the cement slurry inlet and outlet 27 of the isolation pipe 22 at the right end of the tool, passes through the outer annulus of the double-layer central pipe 3 at the right end, the cement slurry channel of the sliding sleeve mechanism 4, the outer annulus of the double-layer central pipe 3 at the left end of the tool, and finally flows out from the cement slurry inlet and outlet 27 of the isolation pipe 22 at the left end of the tool, so that the cement slurry avoids the risk section, thereby achieving normal cementing by avoiding the risk section;

[0062] The process of injecting special liquid into the risk section is as follows: a large ball is placed in the large ball cone seat 43; then the wellbore is pressurized, the anti-misoperation pin is sheared off, and the sleeve body 42 moves rightward to the stop ring 46 under the action of thrust. At this time, the strip hole 44 on the sleeve body 46 coincides with the liquid outlet 45 on the sleeve base 41 to form a new liquid channel; the special liquid enters the annulus of the sleeve change risk section through the liquid channel, and finally fills the entire annulus.

[0063] The specific steps include:

[0064] 1. Connect the two ends of the tool for controlling the shear deformation of the horizontal well casing to the casing respectively, and lower the tool for controlling the shear deformation of the horizontal well casing to the casing deformation risk section;

[0065] Second, a small ball is dropped into the casing, and the small ball reaches the small ball cone seat 51 in the tool, pressurizing the casing to achieve pressure holding;

[0066] 3. Inject fluid into the casing, and the liquid enters the hydraulic channel 25 from the liquid inlet hole 24 of the tool and fills the hydraulic channel 25;

[0067] Fourth, when the pressure in the hydraulic channel 25 reaches the first rated pressure, the piston 26 pushes the pressing sleeve 281 to move under the action of the hydraulic pressure, compresses the rubber tube 282 and continues to push the claws 284 to open and bite the wellbore wall of the open hole, completing the setting and anchoring;

[0068] 5. Under the action of hydraulic pressure, the piston 26 pushes the pressing sleeve 281 to move, and at the same time pushes the latch ring 287 to move; the latch ring 287 has a conical surface, and moves along the conical surface of the pressing sleeve 281 under the action of thrust. The thrust generates a downward partial pressure through the conical surface and gradually increases with the push of the piston 26, and finally the latch teeth are engaged to complete the locking function;

[0069] 6. Continue to increase the pressure in the casing. When the pressure exceeds the second rated working pressure, the small ball shear pin of the small ball cone seat 51 is sheared off, and the small ball cone seat 51 is thrown away;

[0070] 7. Carry out cementing operation, inject cement slurry into the casing, the cement slurry enters the bottom of the well after passing through the tool, and then enters the annulus between the casing and the wall of the open hole from the bottom of the well, and gradually fills the annulus; when the cement slurry in the annulus passes through the tool, because the isolation mechanism has been set, the cement slurry can only enter the tool through the cement slurry inlet and outlet at the right end of the tool, and passes through the isolation mechanism 2, double-layer center pipe 3, and sliding sleeve mechanism 4 at the right end of the tool in turn, and then passes through the double-layer center pipe 3 and isolation mechanism 2 at the left end of the tool, and finally enters the annulus between the casing and the wall of the open hole through the cement slurry inlet and outlet 27 of the isolation mechanism 2 at the left end of the tool; thereby achieving normal cementing by avoiding risk sections;

[0071] 8. After cementing is completed, a second ball throwing operation is performed, and a large ball is thrown in; the diameter of the large ball is larger than that of the small ball and cannot pass through the large ball cone seat 43, and the large ball falls into the large ball cone seat 43;

[0072] 9. Pressurize the sleeve. When the pressure reaches the third rated pressure, the anti-misoperation pin is cut off, and the sleeve body 42 moves rightward to the stop ring 46 under the action of the thrust. At this time, the strip hole 44 on the sleeve body 42 coincides with the liquid outlet 45 on the sleeve base 41, forming a new liquid channel.

[0073] 10. Stop pressurizing, and inject special cement slurry with low elastic modulus and high Poisson's ratio or liquid with high viscosity into the casing; the liquid enters the annulus of the casing change risk section through the liquid channel formed by the strip holes 44 of the sliding sleeve body 42 and the liquid outlet 45 of the sliding sleeve base body 41, and finally fills the entire annulus;

[0074] The injected liquid protects and supports the casing and absorbs the displacement load of the formation when the formation slips, thereby controlling and alleviating the deformation of the connecting pipe.

[0075] XI. After the special liquid is injected, the salvage tool is lowered; the large ball cone seat 43 has an inverted triangle buckle structure combined with the salvage tool; the salvage tool is lifted, and the sliding sleeve body 42 is driven by the large ball cone seat 43 to move to the left; when the sliding sleeve body 42 moves to the left end of the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve base 41, due to the inverted triangle buckle structure of the sliding sleeve body 42 and the cone sleeve base 41, the sliding sleeve body 42 and the sliding sleeve base 41 are locked and locked, thereby closing the liquid channel;

[0076] 12. Continue to lift the salvage tool. When the lifting force exceeds the allowable shear force of the large ball shear pin, the pin is sheared off, and the large ball cone seat 43 is brought out of the casing by the salvage tool. The function of the casing shear deformation tool is fully realized, and the tool passability of the casing is restored.

[0077] The above description is not intended to impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed through the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the profession can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes using the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for using a tool for controlling shear deformation of horizontal well casing, characterized in that: The method uses a tool for horizontal well casing shear deformation control, including a sliding sleeve mechanism, two double-layer central pipes, two isolation mechanisms, a male joint, and a female joint; The sliding sleeve mechanism comprises a sliding sleeve base, a sliding sleeve body, and a large pitching cone seat. The middle part of the sliding sleeve body is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed strip holes, and the large pitching cone seat is installed in the right end part of the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve body; the sliding sleeve base is provided with a liquid outlet and an axially arranged cement slurry channel, the liquid outlet is located above the right end outer wall of the sliding sleeve body, and the sliding sleeve base is provided with a stop ring for limiting the movement of the sliding sleeve body; The two isolation mechanisms are respectively connected to one end of the two double-layer central pipes, and the other ends of the two double-layer central pipes are respectively installed in the two ends of the sliding sleeve base, and the inner cavity and outer annulus of the two double-layer central pipes are connected through the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve base and the cement slurry channel respectively; The male joint and the female joint are respectively connected to the two packing mechanisms, and a small ball cone seat is arranged in the female joint; The specific steps include:

1. Connect the two ends of the tool for controlling the shear deformation of the horizontal well casing to the casing respectively, and lower the tool for controlling the shear deformation of the horizontal well casing to the casing deformation risk section; Second, a small ball is put into the casing, and the small ball reaches the small ball cone seat in the tool, pressurizing the casing to achieve pressure holding; 3. Inject fluid into the casing, and the liquid enters the hydraulic channel from the liquid inlet hole in the tool and fills the hydraulic channel; 4. When the pressure in the hydraulic channel reaches the first rated pressure, the piston pushes the sleeve to move under the action of hydraulic pressure, compresses the rubber tube and continues to push the claws to open and bite the wellbore wall of the open hole, completing the setting and anchoring; 5. Under the action of hydraulic pressure, the piston pushes the pressing sleeve to move and also pushes the snap ring to move at the same time; the snap ring has a conical surface and moves along the conical surface of the pressing sleeve under the action of thrust. The thrust generates a downward partial pressure through the conical surface and gradually increases with the push of the piston, and finally the snap ring is engaged to complete the locking function; 6. Continue to increase the pressure in the casing. When the pressure exceeds the second rated working pressure, the small ball shear pin of the small ball cone seat is sheared off, and the small ball cone seat is thrown away; 7. Carry out cementing operation, inject cement slurry into the casing, the cement slurry enters the bottom of the well after passing through the tool, and then enters the annulus between the casing and the wall of the open hole from the bottom of the well, and gradually fills the annulus; - the cement slurry in the annulus enters the tool from the cement slurry inlet and outlet at the right end of the tool when passing through the tool, and passes through the isolation mechanism, double-layer center pipe, and sliding sleeve mechanism at the right end of the tool in turn, and then passes through the double-layer center pipe and isolation mechanism at the left end of the tool, and finally enters the annulus between the casing and the wall of the open hole through the cement slurry inlet and outlet of the isolation mechanism at the left end of the tool; thereby achieving normal cementing by avoiding risk sections; 8. After cementing is completed, the second ball throwing operation is carried out, and a large ball is thrown in; the diameter of the large ball is larger than that of the small ball and cannot pass through the large ball cone seat, and the large ball falls into the large ball cone seat; 9. Pressurize the casing. When the pressure reaches the third rated pressure, the anti-error pin is cut off, and the sleeve body moves rightward to the stop ring under the action of thrust. At this time, the strip hole on the sleeve body coincides with the liquid outlet on the sleeve base, forming a new liquid channel.

10. Stop pressurizing and inject special cement slurry with low elastic modulus and high Poisson's ratio or liquid with high viscosity into the casing; the liquid enters the annulus of the casing change risk section through the liquid channel formed by the strip holes of the sliding sleeve body and the liquid outlet of the sliding sleeve base, and finally fills the entire annulus; 11. After the liquid is injected, the salvage tool is lowered; the large ball cone seat has an inverted triangle buckle structure that is combined with the salvage tool; the salvage tool is lifted, and the sliding sleeve body is driven by the large ball cone seat to move to the left; when the sliding sleeve body moves to the left end of the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve base, due to the inverted triangle buckle structure of the sliding sleeve body and the cone sleeve base, the sliding sleeve body and the sliding sleeve base are locked and locked, thereby closing the liquid channel; 12. Continue to lift the salvage tool. When the lifting force exceeds the allowable shear force of the large ball shear pin, the pin is sheared off, and the large ball cone seat is brought out of the casing by the salvage tool. The functions of the casing shear deformation tool are fully realized, and the tool passability of the casing is restored.

2. The method for using a tool for controlling shear deformation of horizontal well casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation mechanism includes a sleeve and an isolation pipe and a connecting pipe connected in sequence, one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the outer pipe of the double-layer center pipe, the inner pipe of the double-layer center pipe extends into the isolation pipe, one end of the sleeve is sleeved on the connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the isolation pipe; the isolation pipe is provided with a radially arranged liquid inlet hole and an axially arranged hydraulic channel, the two ends of the hydraulic channel are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet hole and the gap between the sleeve and the connecting pipe, a piston is provided in the gap between the sleeve and the connecting pipe, a isolation assembly is provided on the connecting pipe, the movement of the piston drives the isolation assembly to realize the sealing and anchoring, the isolation pipe and the outer wall of the inner pipe of the double-layer center pipe have a gap, the connecting pipe and the outer wall of the inner pipe of the double-layer center pipe have an annulus, the gap, the annulus and the outer annulus of the double-layer center pipe are connected, and the outer wall of the isolation pipe is provided with a cement slurry inlet and outlet communicated with the gap.

3. The method for using a tool for controlling shear deformation of horizontal well casing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing assembly includes a pressing sleeve, a rubber tube, a claw connecting tube, a claw joint, and a plurality of claws. The two ends of the claws are respectively connected to the claw connecting tube and the claw joint. The pressing sleeve, the rubber tube, and the claw connecting tube are sequentially sleeved on the connecting pipe. The claw joint is connected to the right end of the connecting pipe. A plurality of claws are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the connecting pipe. The left end of the pressing sleeve is located in the gap between the sleeve and the connecting pipe.

4. The method for using a tool for controlling shear deformation of horizontal well casing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The compression sleeve is provided with a latching tooth spring and a latching tooth ring both sleeved on the connecting pipe, and two ends of the latching tooth spring are respectively in contact with the latching tooth ring and the piston.

5. The method for using a tool for controlling shear deformation of horizontal well casing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rubber tube is provided with a left ring, a spring and a right ring which are sequentially sleeved on the connecting pipe.

6. The method for using a tool for controlling shear deformation of horizontal well casing according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of claws are sleeved with claw thin rings.

7. The method for using a tool for controlling shear deformation of horizontal well casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The female joint and the sliding sleeve are respectively provided with a small ball pitching shear pin for limiting the movement of the small ball pitching cone seat and a large ball pitching shear pin for limiting the movement of the large ball pitching cone seat.

8. The method for using a tool for controlling shear deformation of horizontal well casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding sleeve base is provided with an anti-misoperation pin for limiting the movement of the sliding sleeve body.

9. The method for using a tool for controlling shear deformation of horizontal well casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inverted triangle buckle is arranged at the left end of the sliding sleeve body, and a buckle groove matching the inverted triangle buckle is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve base.

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