A radar target decomposition method based on parameterized component electromagnetic scattering characteristics

Abstract

The application provides a radar target decomposition method based on parameterized component electromagnetic scattering characteristics, which comprises the following steps: S1, establishing a basic component parameterized scattering model; S2, segmenting full azimuth and pitch simulation scattering data of a target to determine an effective area of a scattering structure of the target; S3, based on a geometric structure of the target, decomposing the target into several basic components in step S1, and setting initial values of model parameters of the parameterized scattering model corresponding to each basic component; S4, estimating scattering center model parameters of each basic component according to the initial values of the model parameters in step S3; and S5, judging whether there is shielding between the scattering center model parameters of each basic component obtained in step S4, reconstructing RCS of the target, and using point scattering center model parameters to fit angles with low similarity. The application decomposes a radar target to model, ensures modeling accuracy, and makes model parameters more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of radar target feature extraction technology, and in particular to a radar target decomposition method based on the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of parameterized components. Background Technology

[0002] The scattering center model uses a set of parameter formulas to represent the scattering response under different frequencies, angles, and polarizations. In radar target characteristic modeling methods, component-level scattering centers can more accurately describe the geometric features of the target, are far fewer in number than point scattering centers, and their parameters have practical physical meaning, facilitating physical modeling verification. By decomposing the radar target into a series of scattering components, key parts of the target, such as the radar array, fuel tank, and wings, can be extracted for target identification and feature matching. Furthermore, the parameters of each scattering component can be flexibly adjusted and combined to represent the scattering characteristics of the radar target under different morphologies, providing important technical support for dynamic target modeling. In practical component-level modeling applications, determining the type and number of scatterers is the key and challenging aspect of target decomposition. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a radar target decomposition method based on the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of parameterized components. Based on the projection of the component-level scattering center, the method performs similarity matching and parameter optimization with scattering images at different angles to decompose and model the radar target at the scatterer level. This method reduces the number of scattering center models after modeling. By constructing parameter models of different components, the radar target is decomposed and modeled. While ensuring modeling accuracy, the parameters can more accurately represent the geometric features of the target model.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a radar target decomposition method based on the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of parameterized components, comprising: Step S1, establishing a parameterized scattering model for basic components; the parameterized scattering model for basic components includes a scattering structure and model parameters; Step S2, segmenting the simulated scattering data of the target in all directions and elevation, generating target SAR imaging data at multiple angles, and determining the effective area of ​​the target scattering structure; Step S3, based on the target's geometric structure, decomposing the target into several basic components as described in Step S1, and setting initial values ​​for the model parameters of the parameterized scattering model corresponding to each basic component; Step S4, generating simulated scattering data for each basic component according to the initial values ​​of the model parameters in Step S3, projecting it onto a two-dimensional plane to form an image domain, determining the distribution range of the image domain, and estimating the scattering center model parameters of each basic component in conjunction with the target SAR imaging data corresponding to the basic components; Step S5, determining whether there is occlusion between the scattering center model parameters of each basic component obtained in Step S4, generating the angular applicability range of the parameterized scattering model corresponding to each basic component, reconstructing the RCS of the target, and fitting the point scattering center model for angles with low similarity.

[0005] Preferably, the scattering structure includes a plate, a cube, a sphere, a dihedral, a trihedral, a top cap structure, and a concave cavity; the model parameters include geometric dimensions, radar frequency, azimuth angle, elevation angle, attitude angle, and position.

[0006] Preferably, step S1 includes the following steps: Step S1.1, establishing a basic component parameterized scattering model using a set of parameterized mathematical formulas; the basic component parameterized scattering model includes a monostatic scattering center model and a bistatic scattering center model; Step S1.2, verifying the accuracy of each basic component parameterized scattering model, generating simulated scattering data under different sizes, positions, and attitudes based on the basic component parameterized scattering model established in step S1.1, and determining the applicable range of each basic component parameterized scattering model by comparing the simulated scattering data with the RCS and imaging results of the simulation data.

[0007] Preferably, the expression for the bistatic scattering center model is as follows: in, S Electromagnetic scattering of the target This is the polarization mode matrix. This represents the scattering response of the m-th reflector, whose center is located at the origin. For wave number, and These are the azimuth and elevation angles of the transmitter and receiver, respectively. For the parameter set of the target model, It is the distance from the transmitter to the scattering point of the m-th reflector and then to the receiver.

[0008] Preferably, step S2 includes the following steps: S2.1. Using the simulated scattering data of the target in all directions and elevation as input, the dataset is extracted using the following two methods: Method 1: Extracting sweep frequency and angle data with the same azimuth interval and elevation angle; Method 2: Extracting sweep frequency and angle data with the same elevation interval and azimuth angle; The quantity in the dataset is determined by the resolution, and the expression for the resolution of range Doppler imaging is as follows: in, B For the sweep bandwidth, The wavelength corresponding to the center frequency. Where c is the sweep angle range and c is the speed of light; S2.2. Perform radar imaging processing on the simulated scattering data at each angle in the dataset to form a first SAR image. Write the complex domain imaging of the first SAR image into a discrete form as the target SAR imaging data. Use the watershed algorithm to segment the effective region of the target scattering structure: in, To set a threshold, segments are formed in the first SAR image based on the extreme points in the first SAR image. i A subset of valid regions D i .

[0009] Preferably, step S3 specifically includes: based on prior knowledge of the target's geometric structure, decomposing the target into several basic components, corresponding the scattering structures of the several basic components to the monostatic scattering center model or bistatic scattering center model established in step S1, setting the initial values ​​of the geometric dimensions and position parameters of each scattering center model according to the target's geometric structure, and obtaining the visible angle range of each basic component by rotating the target.

[0010] Preferably, step S4 includes the following steps: Step S4.1: Generate the frequency of the basic component corresponding to that in step S2 based on the initial parameter values ​​from step S3. Angle range The first simulated scattering data within the image is projected onto a two-dimensional plane to form an image domain; Position of the target in the three-dimensional coordinate system within the angular range Projected coordinates under the two-dimensional imaging plane The transformation relationship is as follows: Step S4.2: For each effective region subset within the first SAR image from step S2 D i The model parameters are optimized to form an optimized parameter set, which includes scattering coefficients; the optimization model used for the model parameter optimization is as follows: Step S4.3: Subset all valid regions within the angular range. D i Divide into continuous datasets K optimization models are constructed, and the parameters of the scattering center model for each of the basic components are estimated using a system of simultaneous equations: .

[0011] Preferably, step S5 includes the following steps: Step S5.1: By comparing the scattering coefficients in the optimized parameter set at each angle in step S4, the angles with a scattering coefficient of 0 are determined to be blocked, and the angles with a scattering coefficient of 0 are removed to generate the angle applicable range of the parameterized scattering model for each basic component. Step S5.2: Based on the scattering center model parameters obtained in step S4 and the applicable angle range generated in step S5.1, generate the frequency corresponding to step S2. Angle range The second simulated scattering data at multiple angles within the area are processed by radar imaging to form a corresponding second SAR image. The CLEAN algorithm is used to separate the scattering center model parameters corresponding to the basic components from each second SAR image, and the remaining strong scattering points are fitted using point scattering centers.

[0012] Preferably, within the angular applicability range of the parameterized scattering model for each basic component, the parameters of the parameterized scattering model for each basic component are expressed as follows: .

[0013] Preferably, the fitting of the point scattering center includes: calculating the difference between the point scattering centers using the point spread function effect as error compensation for the scattering center of the basic component, and then superimposing this error compensation onto the scattering center of the basic component; the point scattering center model is expressed as: in, The amplitude of the scattering center (i.e., the scattering coefficient). This indicates the location of the nth scattering center. For angle parameters; The point spread function is expressed as: in, For wave number, Wavenumber bandwidth, For azimuth bandwidth, The location coordinates are used; the target scattering center and its parameters are extracted from each second SAR image, and the point spread function effect caused by the point source is eliminated according to the intensity of the target scattering center using the following formula: in, The amplitude of the scattering center, This indicates the position of the nth scattering center.

[0014] In summary, compared with the prior art, the radar target decomposition method based on the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of parameterized components provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: it uses multiple parameterized components to model the radar target, which has strong flexibility and scalability; it optimizes the model parameters through continuous image domain data, which has low requirements for the initial values ​​of the model; and it has high RCS (radar cross section) and imaging reconstruction accuracy. The scattering model established by this algorithm has a very strong correspondence with the target geometry, which can provide richer information for target identification. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the radar target decomposition method based on the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of parameterized components according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the basic components of the target. Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of the target simulation data and the modeled RCS. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The following will be combined with the appendix in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 ~Attached Figure 3 The technical solutions, structural features, objectives and effects achieved in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0017] It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions. They are only used to facilitate and clarify the purpose of illustrating the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of the present invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportional relationship, or adjustments to the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention, provided that they do not affect the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce.

[0018] Component-level scattering structure model parameter estimation is an important problem in radar target decomposition. This invention adopts a component parameter estimation method constrained by the SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) image domain. The model parameters are initialized using prior knowledge of the target geometry. The model parameters are optimized by adjusting the model parameters to fit the scattering data, given that the component structure type and number are determined. The scattering characteristics of the component model and the combined modeled target are verified through simulation data.

[0019] This invention provides a radar target decomposition method based on the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of parameterized components, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the radar target decomposition method includes the following steps: Step S1: Establish a parameterized scattering model for basic components; the parameterized scattering model for basic components includes scattering structures and model parameters; wherein, the scattering structures include flat plates, cubes, spheres, dihedrals, trihedrals, top cap structures, concave cavities, etc.; the model parameters include geometric dimensions, radar frequency, azimuth angle, elevation angle, attitude angle, position, etc.

[0020] Specifically, step S1 includes the following steps: Step S1.1: Establish a parameterized scattering model for the basic components using a set of parameterized mathematical formulas. The parameterized scattering model for the basic components includes a monostatic scattering center model and a bistatic scattering center model. When the transmitter and receiver are located in the same position, the model is reduced from bistatic to monostatic. The monostatic scattering center can be directly obtained from the bistatic scattering center. The expression for the bistatic scattering center model is as follows: (1) in, S Electromagnetic scattering of the target This is the polarization mode matrix. This represents the scattering response of the m-th reflector centered at the origin, and the scattering response includes scattering coefficients. For wave number, and These are the azimuth and elevation angles of the transmitter and receiver, respectively. For the parameter set of the target model, It is the distance from the transmitter to the scattering point of the m-th reflector and then to the receiver.

[0021] Step S1.2: Verify the accuracy of the parameterized scattering model of each basic component. Based on the parameterized scattering model of the basic component established in step S1.1, generate simulated scattering data under different sizes, positions, and attitudes. By comparing the simulated scattering data with the RCS (radar cross section) and imaging results of the simulation (test) data, determine the applicable range of each parameterized scattering model of the basic component. For parameterized scattering models of basic components with large errors, remodeling is required.

[0022] In this embodiment, a parameterized scattering model of the basic components is established using a flat plate as an example. The parameterized scattering model of the basic components corresponding to the flat plate can be expressed as follows: (2) in, , A n The scattering coefficient is... L Let the length of the plate be . H The height of the flat plate.

[0023] Since the parametric scattering model of a typical basic component is defined in its body coordinate system, while the scattering structure on the actual target is subject to rotational and translational transformations in the body coordinate system.

[0024] Therefore, when the orientation of the basic component rotates, it is assumed that... It is the change in the attitude angle of the target scattering structure relative to the body coordinate system, where The pitch angle, Yaw angle The roll angle is the position in the body coordinate system. Position in the target coordinate system The corresponding rotational transformation relationship is as follows: Rotation transformation matrix It can be represented as: (3) The angle of the radar observation line of sight in the target coordinate system is Then its direction vector It can be represented as: (4) Based on the direction vectors of the radar transmitter and receiver in the target coordinate system By inversely solving the attitude parameters, the pitch and azimuth angles of the observation line of sight in the component's body coordinate system can be obtained: (5) Based on the angle in the body coordinate system By substituting the parameterized scattering model of the basic component, the scattering characteristic data corresponding to the rotated basic component can be obtained.

[0025] When the position of the basic component is translated, the center of the basic component changes from... Translate to Due to the change in the position of the scattering point, the phase center shifts, which is the phase shift of the parameterized scattering model of the basic components in equation (1). , The distance from the radar transmitter to the basic components and then to the radar receiver: (6) Step S2: Segment the simulated scattering data of the target in all directions and in elevation to generate target SAR imaging data at multiple angles and determine the effective area of ​​the target scattering structure.

[0026] Specifically, step S2 includes the following steps: S2.1. Using simulated scattering data of the target in all directions and elevation as input, the dataset is extracted using the following two methods: Method 1: Extracting sweep frequency and angle data at the same elevation angle with the same azimuth angle interval (e.g., 5° interval); Method 2: Extracting sweep frequency and angle data at the same azimuth angle with the same elevation angle interval (e.g., 10° interval); The number of data points in the dataset (i.e., the number of sweep angles) is determined by the resolution. The expression for the resolution of range Doppler imaging is as follows: (7) in, B For the sweep bandwidth, The wavelength corresponding to the center frequency. Where c is the sweep angle range and c is the speed of light; S2.2. Perform radar imaging processing on the simulated scattering data at each angle in the dataset to form a first SAR image. Write the complex domain imaging of the first SAR image into a discrete form as the target SAR imaging data. Use the watershed algorithm to segment the effective region of the target scattering structure: (8) in, To set a threshold, segments are formed in the first SAR image based on the extreme points in the first SAR image. i A subset of valid regions D i .

[0027] Step S3: Based on the target's geometry, decompose the target into several basic components mentioned in step S1, and set the initial values ​​of the model parameters of the parameterized scattering model corresponding to each basic component.

[0028] Specifically, the geometric structure of the target mentioned in step S3 is prior knowledge. Based on this prior knowledge, the target is decomposed into several basic components (such as...). Figure 2 As shown, the scattering structures corresponding to the several basic components are matched one-to-one with the monostatic scattering center model or bistatic scattering center model established in step S1. The initial values ​​of the geometric dimensions and position parameters of each scattering center model are set according to the geometric structure of the target. The visible angle range of each basic component is obtained by rotating the target.

[0029] Step S4: Based on the initial values ​​of the model parameters in step S3, generate simulated scattering data for each of the basic components, project them onto a two-dimensional plane to form an image domain, determine the distribution range of the image domain, and estimate the scattering center model parameters of each of the basic components by combining the target SAR imaging data corresponding to the basic components.

[0030] Specifically, step S4 includes the following steps: Step S4.1: Generate the frequency of the basic component corresponding to that in step S2 based on the initial parameter values ​​from step S3. Angle range The first simulated scattering data, including scattering coefficients, is projected onto a two-dimensional plane to form an image domain; Position of the target in the three-dimensional coordinate system within the angular range Projected coordinates under the two-dimensional imaging plane The transformation relationship is as follows: (9) Step S4.2: For each effective region subset within the first SAR image from step S2 D i The model parameters are optimized to form an optimized parameter set, which includes scattering coefficients; the optimization model used for the model parameter optimization is as follows: (10) Step S4.3: Subset all valid regions within the angular range. D i Divide into continuous datasets K optimization models are constructed. Since the model parameters are highly correlated at continuous angles, a system of simultaneous equations is used to estimate the parameters of the scattering center model of each basic component: (11).

[0031] Furthermore, based on the parameter estimation of the scattering center model, the estimation error of the n two-dimensional scattering center position parameters is expressed as: (12) in, b n Given the scattering center location vector, the probability of the scattering center location is evaluated by the magnitude of the statistical error, based on the dataset. The coordinates in the coordinates are used to establish the least squares cost function: (13) Where d is the first SAR image data vector, e is the scattering center model generated data vector, and a certain range of parameter value sequence is taken within each parameter initial value. The extreme points and convergence regions of the parameter set are generated according to the above least squares cost function, which are used as the size parameter optimization results of the parameterized scattering model of the basic components, that is, the scattering center model parameters of each of the basic components (e.g., the length L and height H of the plate) are obtained.

[0032] Substituting the optimized size parameters into the parameterized scattering model of the basic component, the attitude angle of the parameterized scattering model of the basic component is estimated based on the directional characteristics of the scattering structure, and the distribution of scattering data in the angular domain is statistically analyzed. (14) Find the peak points in the 2D graph to obtain the estimated normal vector values ​​of the attitude parameters: (15) in, , Given the angle corresponding to the peak point, the attitude parameters of the parameterized scattering model of the basic components are obtained.

[0033] Step S5: Determine whether there is occlusion between the scattering center model parameters of each basic component obtained in step S4, generate the angular applicability range of the basic component parameterized scattering model corresponding to each basic component, reconstruct the RCS of the target, and fit the point scattering center model parameters for angles with low similarity.

[0034] Specifically, step S5 includes the following steps: Step S5.1: By comparing the scattering coefficients in the optimized parameter set at each angle in step S4, the angles with a scattering coefficient of 0 are determined to be blocked. The angles with a scattering coefficient of 0 are removed, thus obtaining the angular applicability range of the parameterized scattering model for each basic component. Further, within the angular applicability range of the parameterized scattering model for each basic component, the parameters of each parameterized scattering model can be expressed as: (16) Step S5.2: Based on the scattering center model parameters obtained in step S4 and the applicable angle range generated in step S5.1, generate the frequency corresponding to step S2. Angle range The second simulated scattering data at multiple angles within the area are processed by radar imaging to form a corresponding second SAR image. The CLEAN algorithm is used to separate the scattering center model parameters corresponding to the basic components from each second SAR image, and the remaining strong scattering points are fitted using point scattering centers.

[0035] The point scattering center model is represented as follows: (17) in, The amplitude of the scattering center (i.e., the scattering coefficient). This indicates the location of the nth scattering center. Using the angle parameter, the point spread function effect caused by the point scattering center is continuously eliminated to achieve the fitting of the point scattering center.

[0036] Furthermore, the point spread function is expressed as: (18) in, For wave number, Wavenumber bandwidth, For azimuth bandwidth, Here are the location coordinates. The corresponding target scattering center and its parameters are extracted from each second SAR image, and the point spread function effect caused by the point scattering center is eliminated according to the intensity of the target scattering center using the following formula: (19) in, The amplitude of the scattering center, The position of the nth scattering center (i.e. the maximum value in the nth second SAR image) is represented. The difference between the point scattering centers is calculated according to Equation (19) as the error compensation of the scattering center of the basic component. This error compensation is superimposed on the scattering center of the basic component to achieve the fitting of the point scattering center.

[0037] In summary, compared with existing technologies, the radar target decomposition method based on electromagnetic scattering characteristics of parameterized components provided by this invention uses multiple parameterized basic components to model radar targets, exhibiting strong flexibility and scalability. It optimizes model parameters through continuous image domain data, has lower requirements for initial model values, and achieves higher RCS and imaging reconstruction accuracy (e.g., Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the scattering model established by this method has a very strong correspondence with the target geometry, which can provide richer information for target recognition.

[0038] Although the present invention has been described in detail through the preferred embodiments above, it should be understood that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. Various modifications and substitutions to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A radar target decomposition method based on the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of parameterized components, characterized in that, The steps include the following: Step S1: Establish a parameterized scattering model for the basic components; the parameterized scattering model for the basic components includes the scattering structure and model parameters; Step S2: Segment the simulated scattering data of the target in all directions and elevation to generate target SAR imaging data at multiple angles and determine the effective area of ​​the target scattering structure; Step S3: Based on the target's geometry, decompose the target into several basic components mentioned in step S1, and set the initial values ​​of the model parameters of the basic component parameterized scattering model corresponding to each basic component. Step S4: Based on the initial values ​​of the model parameters in step S3, generate simulated scattering data for each of the basic components, project them onto a two-dimensional plane to form an image domain, determine the distribution range of the image domain, and estimate the scattering center model parameters of each of the basic components by combining the target SAR imaging data corresponding to the basic components. Step S4 includes the following steps: Step S4.1: Generate the frequency of the basic component corresponding to that in step S2 based on the initial parameter values ​​from step S3. Angle range The first simulated scattering data within the image is projected onto a two-dimensional plane to form an image domain; Position of the target in the three-dimensional coordinate system within the angular range Projected coordinates under the two-dimensional imaging plane The transformation relationship is as follows: Step S4.2: For each effective region subset within the first SAR image from step S2 D i The model parameters are optimized to form an optimized parameter set, which includes scattering coefficients; the optimization model used for the model parameter optimization is as follows: Step S4.3: Subset all valid regions within the angular range. D i Divide into continuous datasets K optimization models are constructed, and the parameters of the scattering center model for each of the basic components are estimated using a system of simultaneous equations: ； Step S5: Determine whether there is occlusion between the scattering center model parameters of each basic component obtained in step S4, generate the angle applicable range of the basic component parameterized scattering model corresponding to each basic component, reconstruct the RCS of the target, and use the point scattering center model to fit the angle with low similarity. Step S5 includes the following steps: Step S5.1: By comparing the scattering coefficients in the optimized parameter set at each angle in step S4, the angles with a scattering coefficient of 0 are determined to be blocked, and the angles with a scattering coefficient of 0 are removed to generate the angle applicable range of the parameterized scattering model for each basic component. Step S5.2: Based on the scattering center model parameters obtained in step S4 and the applicable angle range generated in step S5.1, generate the frequency corresponding to step S2. Angle range The second simulated scattering data at multiple angles within the area are processed by radar imaging to form a corresponding second SAR image. The CLEAN algorithm is used to separate the scattering center model parameters corresponding to the basic components from each second SAR image, and the remaining strong scattering points are fitted using point scattering centers.

2. The radar target decomposition method based on the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of parameterized components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The scattering structure includes a flat plate, a cube, a sphere, a dihedral, a trihedral, a top cap structure, and a concave cavity; the model parameters include geometric dimensions, radar frequency, azimuth angle, elevation angle, attitude angle, and position.

3. The radar target decomposition method based on the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of parameterized components as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Step S1 includes the following steps: Step S1.1: Establish a parameterized scattering model for the basic components using a set of parameterized mathematical formulas; the parameterized scattering model for the basic components includes a monostatic scattering center model and a bistatic scattering center model; Step S1.2: Verify the accuracy of the parameterized scattering model for each basic component. Based on the parameterized scattering model for the basic component established in step S1.1, generate simulated scattering data under different sizes, positions, and attitudes. By comparing the simulated scattering data with the RCS and imaging results of the simulation data, determine the applicable range of each parameterized scattering model for the basic component.

4. The radar target decomposition method based on the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of parameterized components as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The expression for the bistatic scattering center model is as follows: in, S Electromagnetic scattering of the target This is the polarization mode matrix. This represents the scattering response of the m-th reflector, whose center is located at the origin. For wave number, and These are the azimuth and elevation angles of the transmitter and receiver, respectively. For the parameter set of the target model, It is the distance from the transmitter to the scattering point of the m-th reflector and then to the receiver.

5. The radar target decomposition method based on the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of parameterized components as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Step S2 includes the following steps: S2.

1. Using the simulated scattering data of the target in all directions and elevation as input, the dataset is extracted using the following two methods: Method 1: With the same azimuth interval, extract frequency and angle sweep data with the same elevation angle; Method 2: With the same pitch angle interval, extract frequency and angle sweep data with the same azimuth angle; The number of elements in the dataset is determined by the resolution, and the expression for the resolution of distance Doppler imaging is as follows: in, B For the sweep bandwidth, The wavelength corresponding to the center frequency. Where c is the sweep angle range and c is the speed of light; S2.

2. Perform radar imaging processing on the simulated scattering data at each angle in the dataset to form a first SAR image. Write the complex domain imaging of the first SAR image into a discrete form as the target SAR imaging data. Use the watershed algorithm to segment the effective region of the target scattering structure: in, To set a threshold, segments are formed in the first SAR image based on the extreme points in the first SAR image. i A subset of valid regions D i .

6. The radar target decomposition method based on the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of parameterized components as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically includes: based on prior knowledge of the target's geometric structure, decomposing the target into several basic components, corresponding the scattering structures of the several basic components to the monostatic scattering center model or bistatic scattering center model established in step S1, setting the initial values ​​of the geometric dimensions and position parameters of each scattering center model according to the target's geometric structure, and obtaining the visible angle range of each basic component by rotating the target.

7. The radar target decomposition method based on the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of parameterized components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Within the angular applicability range of the parameterized scattering model for each basic component, the parameters of each parameterized scattering model for each basic component are expressed as follows: 。 8. The radar target decomposition method based on the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of parameterized components as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The fitting of the point scattering center includes: calculating the difference between the point scattering centers using the point diffusion function effect as error compensation for the scattering center of the basic component; and superimposing this error compensation onto the scattering center of the basic component. The point scattering center model is represented as follows: in, The amplitude of the scattering center (i.e., the scattering coefficient). This indicates the location of the nth scattering center. For angle parameters; The point spread function is expressed as: in, For wave number, Wavenumber bandwidth, For azimuth bandwidth, The location coordinates are used; the target scattering center and its parameters are extracted from each second SAR image, and the point spread function effect caused by the point source is eliminated according to the intensity of the target scattering center using the following formula: in, The amplitude of the scattering center, This indicates the position of the nth scattering center.

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