Geology-seismic combined stratum pinch-out line prediction method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of stratum pinch-out line prediction methods based on geology-seismic combination, comprising the following steps: data collection;According to well logging electrical curve and core, select lithology-electricity marker layer, establish lithology-electricity relationship, determine development characteristics and interface identification mark;Establish regional well profile, clear sequence stratigraphic distribution law, construct stratum lateral variation geological model;Based on three-dimensional seismic work area, in combination with regional well profile, draw section stratum pinch-out trend line;Using stratum thickness method, refine pinch-out line position, clear stratum pinch-out line geological characteristics;Using single well stratum thickness and interwell horizontal distance, the included angle of pinch-out trend line at pinch-out point is obtained, average value of included angle;Through included angle extrapolation method, the position of pinch-out line is calculated and determined;Using seismic phase rotation processing method, the pinch-out point is identified and finely described;Based on the position of pinch-out line determined, in combination with the aforementioned analysis results, the distribution range of stratum pinch-out line is comprehensively predicted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of petroleum exploration and development technology, and is particularly related to a method for predicting stratigraphic pinch-out lines based on a combination of geological and seismic data. Specifically, it can identify and predict pinch-out lines in deep carbonate rocks, which has significant guiding significance for oil and gas exploration and development. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the Leikoupo Formation of the Middle Triassic in the marine facies of western Sichuan has become a hotspot and key area for natural gas exploration. A number of structural gas reservoirs and structural-stratigraphic gas reservoirs with certain reserves have been discovered. Significant breakthroughs have been achieved in the exploration of natural gas in the tidal flat carbonate rocks of the Leikoupo Formation in western Sichuan, and it has been confirmed that structural-stratigraphic traps can effectively form reservoirs. Therefore, the accurate identification and characterization of stratigraphic pinch-out lines of this type of gas reservoir is particularly important.

[0003] Tectonic-stratigraphic gas reservoirs are often characterized by large target layer burial depth, rapid changes in lithological combination, and uncertain thickness variation trends. They are also affected by unfavorable factors such as low dominant frequency of seismic data and limited drilling data, making it difficult to identify their stratigraphic pinch-out lines.

[0004] In particular, for deep carbonate rock structures with a burial depth greater than 4,500 meters, the difficulty in obtaining seismic data is due to the varying characteristics of burial depth and lithology. Even if seismic data is obtained, analysis remains challenging.

[0005] Furthermore, unlike clastic reservoirs, carbonate reservoirs are not limited by depth. Deep carbonate rocks lack pre-defined attributes, and there is no necessary correspondence between reservoir properties and depth. Therefore, it is impossible to analyze the reservoir properties through the correlation between the depth of deep carbonate rocks.

[0006] Existing pinch-out line identification methods, such as spectral analysis and forward modeling, cannot effectively identify pinch-out lines in deep carbonate strata. Accurate identification of pinch-out lines is a crucial foundation for the exploration, deployment, and evaluation of structural-stratigraphic trap gas reservoirs. Therefore, it is essential to establish a comprehensive pinch-out line identification method combining geological and seismic data to further improve the accuracy of identifying structural-stratigraphic trap gas reservoirs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the lack of an effective method for predicting pinch-out lines in deep carbonate strata, and to provide a method for identifying and predicting pinch-out lines based on a combination of geology and seismic data, applicable to the identification and prediction of pinch-out lines in deep carbonate strata.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] The method for predicting stratigraphic pinch-out lines based on a combination of geology and seismic data includes the following steps:

[0010] S1 collects geological background, drilling data, core samples, field outcrop profiles, and seismic data.

[0011] S2. Based on the electrical logging curves and core samples, lithological-electrical marker layers were selected. The lithological-electrical relationship was established by comparing lithology with logging curves. The development characteristics of sequence layers and interface identification markers on core samples and logging curves were summarized.

[0012] S3, based on the drilling and logging area of ​​the study area, establishes a regional well-connected profile according to the geological background of the study area and the field outcrop profile, clarifies the lateral distribution pattern of sequence strata, and constructs a geological model of lateral stratigraphic variation.

[0013] S4. Based on the three-dimensional seismic work area and combined with the regional well profile, the stratigraphic pinch-out trend line was drawn. The stratigraphic thickness method was used to qualitatively predict the stratigraphic distribution range. Combined with the known well distances from the pinch-out point and the characteristics of the seismic profile, the location of the pinch-out line in the study area was further refined, and the geological characteristics of the stratigraphic pinch-out line were clarified.

[0014] S5. Using the formation thickness of a single well and the horizontal distance between wells, calculate the angle θ between the pinch-out trend lines at the pinch-out point. n Obtain the average value of the angle between the twinkling lines.

[0015] S6. Select the drilled well locations near the pinch-out line, determine the bottom boundary depth of the target layer, and calculate the location of the pinch-out line based on the pinch-out line angle extrapolation method.

[0016] S7 selects contiguous 3D seismic data and uses the seismic phase rotation processing method to identify and finely characterize the pinch-out points of strata on the instantaneous phase profile of the seismic data.

[0017] S8. Based on the determined pinch-out line location, combined with the geological model of lateral stratigraphic variation and geological understanding, and based on the analysis results of the stratigraphic thickness method, the pinch-out line angle extrapolation method, and the seismic phase rotation processing method, the geological-seismic combined technical means are used to comprehensively predict the stratigraphic pinch-out line and clarify the distribution range of the stratigraphic pinch-out line.

[0018] This invention's pinch-out line prediction method can accurately identify and predict pinch-out lines. By combining various types of data, it constructs lateral variation geological models through spectral analysis, layer flattening techniques, pinch-out line angle extrapolation, and seismic phase attribute methods, thus clearly identifying and finely characterizing stratigraphic pinch-out lines. This improves the accuracy of stratigraphic research and has positive guiding significance for oil and gas exploration and development. It can avoid exploration and extraction problems caused by inaccurate traditional pinch-out line identification, save oil and gas development costs, and improve development efficiency. The steps in this invention's prediction method do not constitute absolute limitations. Those skilled in the art can adjust the order of steps according to the implementation needs of relevant steps in the prediction method. For example, data collection in step S1 can be done according to the needs of subsequent steps, as long as the data requirements of the corresponding prediction and analysis steps are met. The data collection in step S1 is merely to facilitate understanding of which data is needed for the prediction method of this invention and does not constitute an absolute limitation.

[0019] The step numbers in the stratigraphic pinch-out line prediction method of this invention are merely for the convenience of describing the method and do not constitute an absolute restriction on the order of implementation. For example, S3, which constructs the geological pattern of lateral stratigraphic variation, and S4-S7, which identify and characterize pinch-out lines, can be processed in parallel and therefore do not constitute a restriction on the order of implementation. Those skilled in the art can freely adjust the timing of each step according to research needs. If there is a step dependency, the dependent step should be implemented first; if there is no dependency, they can be implemented in parallel.

[0020] Furthermore, in S1, data is collected based on the research scope to determine the attributes of the research subjects. By quickly summarizing the collected data, the attributes of the research subjects are accurately determined, thus improving research efficiency.

[0021] Furthermore, in S1, geological background, drilling and logging data, core samples, field outcrop profiles, and seismic data are collected, sorted and verified according to well location and stratigraphic position, and drilling and logging work areas and three-dimensional seismic work areas are established in the study area based on the characteristics of data attributes.

[0022] Furthermore, in S2, after establishing the lithological-electrical relationship, the characteristics of the core rock fabric and the significance of sedimentary indicators were analyzed, the fourth-order sequence lithological assemblage types were identified, and the development characteristics and interface identification marks of different types of fourth-order sequences on the core and well logging curves were summarized.

[0023] Furthermore, in S3, based on the drilling and logging area of ​​the study area, and according to the geological background and field outcrop profiles of the study area, a regional well-connected profile is established. Combined with the identification markers of high-frequency sequence stratigraphy, the spectral analysis method is used to conduct a lateral comparative analysis of the fourth-order sequence stratigraphy, clarify the lateral distribution pattern of the sequence stratigraphy, determine the isochronous interface of the sequence stratigraphy, and then construct a geological model of lateral stratigraphic variation.

[0024] Preferably, in S3, the geological background of the study area includes tectonics, lithology, and strata age.

[0025] Furthermore, in S4, based on the three-dimensional seismic work area and combined with the regional well-connected profile, the synthetic records of existing wells were used for calibration. The seismic reflection characteristics of the medium-strong wave peaks at the bottom boundary were used as markers for stratigraphic tracing and interpretation. The stratigraphic bottom boundary of adjacent well locations was used as the base point, and the stratigraphic thickness variation was used as the basis to draw the stratigraphic pinch-out trend line. The stratigraphic thickness method was used to qualitatively predict the stratigraphic distribution range, determine the vertical depth of the stratigraphic bottom boundary of a single well and the horizontal distance between wells. Combined with the known distance of the well from the pinch-out point and the seismic profile characteristics, the location of the pinch-out line in the study area was further refined, and the geological characteristics of the stratigraphic pinch-out line were clarified.

[0026] Furthermore, in S5, based on the formation pinch-out trend line and its geological characteristics, the layer flattening technique is used to calculate the angle θ between the pinch-out trend line and the pinch-out point using the formation thickness of a single well and the horizontal distance between wells. n Obtain the average value of the angle between the twinkling lines.

[0027] Preferably, using the formation thickness of a single well and the horizontal distance between wells, the angle θ between the pinch-out trend lines at the pinch-out point is calculated using the inverse trigonometric function formula. n The average value of the angle between the points of convergence and divergence is obtained using the mean formula. And it was determined as the standard value of the angle between the regional pinch-out lines.

[0028] Furthermore, the inverse trigonometric function formula is shown in Equation 1:

[0029]

[0030] Where, θ n The angle between the cusp and the vanishing lines;

[0031] x n The horizontal distance between adjacent well locations;

[0032] |D n | represents the absolute value of the difference in formation thickness between adjacent well locations;

[0033] Furthermore, the formula for the average is shown in Equation 2:

[0034]

[0035] in, The average angle between the extinction lines;

[0036] θ n The angle between the cusp and the vanishing lines;

[0037] n is the number of sums of the angles between the vanishing lines.

[0038] Furthermore, in S6, drilled well locations near the pinch-out line are selected, the bottom boundary depth of the target layer is determined, and the pinch-out line angle extrapolation method is used to quantitatively determine the location of the pinch-out line using trigonometric function formulas.

[0039] Preferably, the trigonometric function formula is shown in Equation 3:

[0040]

[0041] Where x is the horizontal distance between adjacent well locations;

[0042] D is the depth of the bottom boundary of the target formation during drilling;

[0043] It represents the average angle between the points of extinction.

[0044] Furthermore, in S7, based on the two-dimensional seismic profile interpreted by the horizon, the frequency extension processing method is used to process the data and analyze the development characteristics of pinch-out lines on the transverse profile.

[0045] Using this as a baseline, contiguous 3D seismic data were selected, and the 90° phase rotation processing method was adopted to identify and finely characterize the pinch-out points of the strata on the instantaneous phase profile of the seismic event. The pinch-out line positions were then quantitatively recovered for mutual verification and calibration.

[0046] Furthermore, in S8, based on the determined pinch-out line locations, combined with geological models of lateral stratigraphic variation and geological understanding, and based on the analysis results of the stratigraphic thickness method, the quantitative extrapolation method of pinch-out line angle, and the seismic phase attribute method, geological-seismic combined technical means are used to comprehensively predict the stratigraphic pinch-out line, thereby clarifying the distribution range of the stratigraphic pinch-out line.

[0047] The method for predicting stratigraphic pinch-out lines based on a combination of geological and seismic data in this invention can effectively and accurately identify stratigraphic pinch-out lines. By selecting lithological and electrical marker layers, stratigraphic relationships can be accurately delineated, ensuring accurate correspondence between core data and well logging curves, making full use of limited core data and avoiding mismatches. After accurately corresponding the core data with the well logging electrical curves, the overall characteristics of the core well changes can be restored, effectively delineating the characteristics of transgressive and regressive well logging curves, enabling continuous analysis and research. Furthermore, establishing a series of well profiles allows for the visualization of well groups side-by-side, facilitating stratigraphic comparison and intuitive analysis of reservoir connectivity. Based on the visualized series of well profiles, combined with high-frequency sequence stratigraphic markers, lateral comparative analysis is performed to accurately determine the lateral distribution pattern of the sequence stratigraphic layers.

[0048] Furthermore, the present invention also provides an application of the above-described method for predicting stratigraphic pinch-out lines.

[0049] Application of stratigraphic pinch-out line prediction method in the prediction of pinch-out lines in carbonate rock formations.

[0050] The stratigraphic pinch-out line prediction method of this invention can be applied to carbonate rock strata, overcome the difficulties in predicting and analyzing deep carbonate rock strata, and improve the accuracy of carbonate rock research and analysis.

[0051] Preferably, the carbonate rock is a deep carbonate rock. The carbonate rock strata pinch-out line prediction method of the present invention is applicable to deep carbonate rock strata structures and can overcome the difficulties in predicting and analyzing deep strata. Preferably, the carbonate rock is a deep carbonate rock strata exceeding 4500 meters in depth.

[0052] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0053] 1. The stratigraphic pinch-out line prediction method of this invention can effectively identify pinch-out lines in deep carbonate strata, providing strong support for the research on exploration deployment and evaluation of structural-stratigraphic trap gas reservoirs, thereby improving exploration understanding, reducing exploration risks, and the method is simple to operate, highly accurate, and easy to promote and apply. In particular, it has high accuracy in identifying and predicting pinch-out lines in deep carbonate strata.

[0054] 2. Based on multi-type data from rocks, well logging, seismic data, and field outcrop profiles, this invention establishes lithological-electrical property relationships by comparing lithology with well logging curves, identifies four-level sequence lithological assemblage types, and constructs a geological model of lateral stratigraphic variation using spectral analysis, layer flattening technology, pinch-out line angle extrapolation, and seismic phase attribute methods. This clarifies the geological characteristics of stratigraphic pinch-out lines, enabling the identification and detailed characterization of pinch-out lines, and providing strong support for the research on the exploration deployment and evaluation of structural-stratigraphic trap gas reservoirs. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the steps in the formation pinch-out line prediction method of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a well-connected profile of the region.

[0057] Figure 3 To identify the pinch-out line of the slope zone using the stratigraphic thickness method.

[0058] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the calculation principle for quantitatively identifying the extinction point using the included angle of the extinction line.

[0059] Figure 5 This represents the distribution range of pinch-out lines predicted by the seismic phase profile method.

[0060] Figure 6 The predicted range of the pinch-out line distribution is shown before and after. Detailed Implementation

[0061] To better illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the solution is described below with reference to specific examples and accompanying drawings. The following embodiments should not be considered as limitations on the present invention; all solutions conforming to the concept of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] The following example, using a study on the identification and prediction of stratigraphic pinch-out lines in a certain region, details the implementation process of the comprehensive pinch-out line prediction method of this invention. Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the steps of a pinch-out line prediction method. This embodiment uses carbonate rock strata pinch-out line identification as an example, but it can be applied to other types of strata pinch-out line identification applications. Specifically, the geological-seismic combined strata pinch-out line prediction method includes the following steps.

[0064] S1 collects geological background, drilling and logging data, core samples, field outcrop profiles, and seismic data. These data are then sorted and verified according to well locations and stratigraphic levels. Based on the characteristics of the data attributes, drilling and logging work areas and 3D seismic work areas are established for the study area.

[0065] S2. Based on the electrical logging curves and core samples, lithological-electrical marker layers were selected. The lithological-electrical relationship was established by comparing lithology with logging curves. The development characteristics of sequence layers and interface identification markers on core samples and logging curves were summarized.

[0066] S3, based on the drilling and logging area of ​​the study area, and according to the geological background of the study area (structure, lithology, stratum age, etc.) and field outcrop profiles, establishes a regional well-connected profile. Figure 2 By combining the identification markers of high-frequency sequence stratigraphy, the fourth-order sequence stratigraphy was compared laterally using spectral analysis to clarify the lateral distribution pattern of sequence stratigraphy, determine the isochronous interface of sequence stratigraphy, and then construct a geological model of lateral stratigraphic variation.

[0067] High-frequency sequence stratigraphy refers to stratigraphic records formed by fourth-order or higher cycles, and it is a function of the effective containment space. Fourth-order and fifth-order sequences are called sub-sequences and minor sequences, respectively, representing the superposition effect between long-term and short-term sea-level cycles, and the stratigraphic effect of the Milankovitch cycle. Therefore, transgression and regression can be accurately distinguished, with sub-sequences roughly corresponding to sedimentary systems tracts. The superposition relationships within these sub-sequences can be categorized into three types: ① progradation-retrogradation, ② retrogradation-aggregation, and ③ retrogradation-progradation.

[0068] Minor sequences are the basic units in high-frequency sequence research. A minor sequence is a set of relatively integrated, genetically related layers or groups of layers, bounded by floodplains or comparable interfaces, appearing in specific locations within the sequence framework. Minor sequences, through the superposition of these three types, constitute sub-sequences with different properties. The upper and lower parts of a minor sequence can coincide with sequence boundaries or be interfaces between systemic domains.

[0069] S4, based on the 3D seismic survey area and combined with the regional well-connected profile, utilizes the synthetic records of existing wells for calibration. Using the seismic reflection characteristics of the medium-intensity wave peaks at the bottom boundary as a marker, stratigraphic tracing interpretation is performed. Using the stratigraphic bottom boundary of adjacent well locations as a base point and based on stratigraphic thickness variations, stratigraphic pinch-out trend lines are drawn. The stratigraphic thickness method is used to qualitatively predict the stratigraphic distribution range. Figure 3 The vertical depth of the formation bottom boundary and the horizontal distance between wells were determined. Combined with the known distance of the well to the pinch-out point and the characteristics of the seismic profile, the location of the pinch-out line in the study area was further refined, and the geological characteristics of the formation pinch-out line were clarified.

[0070] S5. Based on the formation pinch-out trend line and its geological characteristics, the formation flattening technique is selected. Using the formation thickness of a single well and the horizontal distance between wells, the inverse trigonometric function formula shown in Equation 1 is used to calculate the angle θ of the pinch-out trend line at the pinch-out point. n Using the average formula shown in Equation 2, the average value of the angle between the points of extinction is obtained. And it was determined as the standard value of the angle between the regional pinch-out lines.

[0071]

[0072] Where, θ n The angle between the cusp and the vanishing lines;

[0073] x n The horizontal distance between adjacent well locations;

[0074] |D n | represents the absolute value of the difference in formation thickness between adjacent well locations;

[0075]

[0076] in, The average angle between the extinction lines;

[0077] θ n The angle between the cusp and the vanishing lines;

[0078] n is the number of sums of the angles between the vanishing lines.

[0079] S6, select drilled well locations near the pinch-out line, determine the bottom boundary depth of the target layer, and use the pinch-out line angle extrapolation method ( Figure 4Using the trigonometric function formula shown in Equation 3, the location of the pinch-out line is quantitatively determined. The drilled well locations near the pinch-out line refer to the well locations found close to the pinch-out line based on the determined location. Generally, well locations within a straight-line distance of 20km-30km from the pinch-out line can be selected. When the formation thickness changes gently, the angle extrapolation method provides better accuracy in determining the pinch-out line. If the formation thickness changes drastically, the accuracy of the angle extrapolation method decreases.

[0080]

[0081] Where x is the horizontal distance between adjacent well locations;

[0082] D is the depth of the bottom boundary of the target formation during drilling;

[0083] It represents the average angle between the points of extinction.

[0084] S7, a two-dimensional seismic profile based on layer interpretation, uses the frequency extension processing method to process the data and analyze the development characteristics of pinch-out lines on the transverse profile.

[0085] Using this as a baseline, contiguous 3D seismic data were selected, and the 90° phase rotation processing method was employed to identify and finely characterize the pinch-out points of marine strata on the instantaneous seismic phase profile. Figure 5 The pinch-out line positions, combined with quantitatively reconstructed data, are cross-verified and checked. The seismic phase rotation method, combined with pinch-out line angle calculation and analysis, significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of the analysis. This is because traditional analysis assumes parallel, continuous, and sequential strata, while actual sedimentary strata have various influencing factors, especially in basins and platforms where strata span multiple facies. Traditional assumptions are therefore invalid and inapplicable. However, the seismic phase rotation method, with its fine characterization, effectively improves the accuracy of pinch-out line identification.

[0086] S8, based on the determined pinch-out line location, combined with geological models of lateral stratigraphic variation and geological understanding, and based on the analysis results of the stratigraphic thickness method, the quantitative extrapolation method of pinch-out line angle, and the seismic phase attribute method, a comprehensive prediction of the stratigraphic pinch-out line is made using a combination of geological and seismic techniques. Figure 6 This clarifies the distribution range of pinch-out lines in carbonate rock formations.

[0087] Simple earthquake-based pinch-out line identification methods often only achieve good accuracy for thicknesses of 60m or more. However, they are ineffective in complex environments such as basins and plateaus where stratigraphic thickness fluctuates significantly. The multi-data fusion analysis and prediction method of this invention achieves higher accuracy and can effectively identify pinch-out lines with drastic thickness variations.

Claims

1. A method for predicting stratigraphic pinch-out lines based on a combination of geological and seismic data, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 collects geological background, drilling data, core samples, field outcrop profiles, and seismic data. S2. Based on the electrical logging curves and core samples, lithological-electrical marker layers were selected. The lithological-electrical relationship was established by comparing lithology with the logging curves. The development characteristics of sequence stratigraphy on the core samples and logging curves and the interface identification markers were summarized. S3, based on the drilling and logging area of ​​the study area, and according to the geological background and field outcrop profile of the study area, establish a regional well-connected profile, clarify the lateral distribution pattern of sequence strata, and construct a geological model of lateral stratigraphic variation. S4. Based on the three-dimensional seismic work area and combined with the regional well profile, the stratigraphic pinch-out trend line was drawn. The stratigraphic thickness method was used to qualitatively predict the stratigraphic distribution range. Combined with the known well distance from the pinch-out point and the seismic profile characteristics, the pinch-out line location in the study area was further refined, and the geological characteristics of the stratigraphic pinch-out line were clarified. S5. Using the formation thickness of a single well and the horizontal distance between wells, calculate the angle θn of the pinch-out trend line at the pinch-out point, and obtain the average value θ of the pinch-out line angle. S6. Select the drilled well locations near the pinch-out line, determine the bottom boundary depth of the target layer, and calculate the position of the pinch-out line based on the average value θ of the pinch-out line angle extrapolation method. S7. Select contiguous 3D seismic data and use the seismic phase rotation processing method to identify and finely characterize the pinch-out points of the strata on the seismic instantaneous phase profile. S8. Based on the determined pinch-out line location, combined with the geological model of lateral stratigraphic variation and geological understanding, and based on the analysis results of the stratigraphic thickness method, the pinch-out line angle extrapolation method, and the seismic phase rotation processing method, the geological-seismic combined technical means are used to comprehensively predict the stratigraphic pinch-out line and clarify the distribution range of the stratigraphic pinch-out line.

2. The method for predicting stratigraphic pinch-out lines based on a combination of geology and seismic data as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, data is collected based on the research scope to determine the attributes of the research subjects.

3. The method for predicting stratigraphic pinch-out lines based on a combination of geology and seismic data according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, after establishing the lithological-electrical property relationship, the characteristics of the core rock fabric and the significance of sedimentary indications were analyzed, the fourth-order sequence lithological assemblage types were identified, and the development characteristics and interface identification marks of different types of fourth-order sequences on the core and logging curves were summarized.

4. The method for predicting stratigraphic pinch-out lines based on geological-seismic integration as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, based on the drilling and logging work area of ​​the study area, and according to the geological background and field outcrop profile of the study area, a regional well-connected profile is established. Combined with the identification markers of high-frequency sequence stratigraphy, the fourth-order sequence stratigraphy is compared laterally using the spectral analysis method to clarify the lateral distribution pattern of sequence stratigraphy, determine the isochronous interface of sequence stratigraphy, and then construct a geological model of lateral stratigraphic variation.

5. The method for predicting stratigraphic pinch-out lines based on a combination of geology and seismic data according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S4, based on the 3D seismic work area and combined with the regional well-connected profile, the synthetic records of existing wells were used for calibration. The seismic reflection characteristics of the medium-strong wave peaks at the bottom boundary were used as markers for stratigraphic tracing and interpretation. The stratigraphic bottom boundary of adjacent well locations was used as the base point, and the stratigraphic thickness variation was used as the basis to draw the stratigraphic pinch-out trend line of the profile. The stratigraphic thickness method was used to qualitatively predict the stratigraphic distribution range, determine the vertical depth of the stratigraphic bottom boundary of a single well and the horizontal distance between wells. Combined with the known distance of the well from the pinch-out point and the seismic profile characteristics, the location of the pinch-out line in the study area was further refined, and the geological characteristics of the stratigraphic pinch-out line were clarified.

6. The method for predicting stratigraphic pinch-out lines based on a combination of geology and seismic data according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S5, based on the formation pinch-out trend line and combined with the geological characteristics of the formation pinch-out line, the layer flattening technique is selected. Using the formation thickness of a single well and the horizontal distance between wells, the inverse trigonometric function formula is used to calculate the angle θn of the pinch-out trend line at the pinch-out point. The average value θ of the pinch-out line angle is obtained using the average formula and is determined as the standard value of the regional pinch-out line angle.

7. The method for predicting stratigraphic pinch-out lines based on a combination of geology and seismic data according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S6, the drilled well locations near the pinch-out line are selected, the bottom boundary depth of the target layer is determined, and the pinch-out line angle extrapolation method is used to quantitatively determine the location of the pinch-out line using trigonometric function formulas.

8. The method for predicting stratigraphic pinch-out lines based on geological-seismic integration as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S7, based on the two-dimensional seismic profile with layer interpretation, the frequency extension processing method is used to process the data and analyze the development characteristics of pinch-out lines on the transverse profile. Using this as a baseline, contiguous three-dimensional seismic data are selected, and the 90° phase rotation processing method is used to identify and finely characterize the pinch-out points of the strata on the instantaneous phase profile of the seismic data. Combined with the quantitatively recovered pinch-out line positions, mutual verification and correction are performed.

9. The method for predicting stratigraphic pinch-out lines based on a combination of geology and seismic data according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S8, based on the determined pinch-out line locations, combined with geological models of lateral stratigraphic variation and geological understanding, and based on the analysis results of stratigraphic thickness method, quantitative extrapolation method of pinch-out line angle, and seismic phase attribute method, geological-seismic combined technical means are used to comprehensively predict stratigraphic pinch-out lines, thereby clarifying the distribution range of stratigraphic pinch-out lines.

10. The application of the geological-seismic combined stratigraphic pinch-out line prediction method according to claim 1 in the prediction of pinch-out lines in carbonate rock strata.

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