A composite mechanical energy conversion bicycle wheel

Abstract

The application relates to a composite mechanical energy conversion bicycle wheel, which comprises a rotating assembly and a composite conversion assembly. The rotating assembly comprises a wheel frame, spokes and a plurality of permanent magnets. The spokes are fixed in the wheel frame in the radial direction, and the permanent magnets are fixed on the spokes. The composite conversion assembly comprises a rotating connecting piece, a plurality of piezoelectric vibrators, a magnet and a coil. The rotating connecting piece is rotationally connected with the wheel frame. The piezoelectric vibrators are fixed on the rotating connecting piece in the radial direction. The magnet and the coil are fixed on each piezoelectric vibrator. A PZT thin film piezoelectric layer is arranged on the surface of the piezoelectric vibrator. The application omits a long connecting rod, occupies a small space, and can realize reciprocating sweeping and scraping without large amplitude swinging. The application adopts a combination mode of piezoelectricity and magnetoelectricity to collect and convert vibration energy. Compared with the single piezoelectric mode in the prior art, the energy capturing efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wheel power generation technology, and more particularly to a composite mechanical energy conversion bicycle wheel. Background Technology

[0002] Mechanical vibration is the most common type of energy source, and it is characterized by high energy density and independence from geographical limitations, making research based on mechanical vibration significant. In daily life, bicycles are our most common mode of transportation, containing a vast amount of mechanical energy. Currently, most commercially available electric bicycles rely solely on piezoelectricity to capture energy, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0003] For example, patent CN207368907U provides a lightweight piezoelectric ceramic power generation device for bicycles, including a protective shell. Inside the protective shell, a high-magnetic permanent magnet and a piezoelectric ceramic are installed. The high-magnetic permanent magnet and the piezoelectric ceramic are bonded together, with one end of the piezoelectric ceramic mounted on the protective shell. A wire is provided on the piezoelectric ceramic. The protective shell is fixed to the bicycle rear wheel bracket by a fixing clip and distributed on both sides of the bicycle rear wheel. A second high-magnetic permanent magnet is provided on the bicycle rear wheel spoke, and the second high-magnetic permanent magnet is fixed to the outer shell by a flat screw. Electromagnetic induction is generated between the high-magnetic permanent magnet and the second high-magnetic permanent magnet. Two second high-magnetic permanent magnets are installed, spaced 180° apart.

[0004] However, it has the following problems: the mode captures energy in too simple a way, which leads to a lot of loss during the energy transmission process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a composite mechanical energy conversion bicycle wheel that combines multiple energy capture methods to improve energy capture efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a composite mechanical energy conversion bicycle wheel, comprising: a rotating assembly including a wheel frame, spokes and a plurality of permanent magnets, wherein the spokes are fixed radially within the wheel frame and the permanent magnets are fixed on the spokes;

[0007] The composite conversion component includes a rotating connector, a plurality of piezoelectric vibrators, a magnet, and a coil. The rotating connector is rotatably connected to the wheel frame. The plurality of piezoelectric vibrators are fixed radially on the rotating connector. Each piezoelectric vibrator is fixed with the magnet and the coil. A PZT thin film piezoelectric layer is disposed on the surface of the piezoelectric vibrator.

[0008] Furthermore, the device has two composite conversion components, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rotating component.

[0009] Furthermore, a copper plate is disposed between the spokes, and the copper plate is fixed to the wheel frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the included angles between adjacent spokes are the same.

[0011] Furthermore, each piezoelectric vibrator is fixed with two magnets, one magnet located at the end of the piezoelectric vibrator away from the rotating connector, and the other magnet located in the middle of the piezoelectric vibrator.

[0012] Furthermore, the magnet and the coil are fixed to the side of the piezoelectric vibrator facing the rotating assembly, and the PZT thin film piezoelectric layer is attached to the side of the piezoelectric vibrator away from the rotating assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, the composite conversion component includes eight piezoelectric vibrators, with adjacent piezoelectric vibrators having the same included angle.

[0014] Furthermore, the rotating assembly also includes a shaft cylinder, which is disposed at the center of the wheel frame, and the wheel spokes are fixed to the shaft cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotating connector includes a rotating shaft, a sleeve, and a bearing. The rotating shaft is fixed to the sleeve and the bearing. The piezoelectric vibrator is fixed to the sleeve. The sleeve is fixed to the bearing and can rotate relative to the sleeve.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a conversion circuit, which includes a power chip U1, an inductor L1, capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, diodes D1 and D2. The PZ1 and PZ2 pins of the power chip U1 serve as energy input terminals. The SW pin of the power chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of the inductor L1, and the other end of the inductor L1 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C6, forming a first output terminal JB1 electrically connected to the inductor L1. The Vin pin of the power chip U1 is connected to the cathode of the diode D1 and the capacitor C6. One end of capacitor C1, one end of capacitor C3, and one end of capacitor C4 are electrically connected to form a second output terminal JB2, which is electrically connected to the boost module. The anode of diode D1 is electrically connected to the cathode of diode D2. The other end of capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the cathode of diode D2 and one end of capacitor C2. The anode of diode D2, the other end of capacitor C2, and the other end of capacitor C3 are grounded. The other end of capacitor C4 is electrically connected to the CAP pin of power chip U1. One end of capacitor C5 is electrically connected to the D0 pin of power chip U1, and the other end is grounded.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the composite mechanical energy conversion bicycle wheel provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] Beneficial effects:

[0019] This invention comprises a rotating component and a composite conversion component. The rotating component includes a wheel frame, spokes, and several permanent magnets. The composite conversion component includes a rotating connector, several piezoelectric vibrators, and a magnet. During the rotation of the rotating component, when the permanent magnets on the spokes and the magnets on the piezoelectric vibrators are opposite each other, the rotating component generates a magnetic attraction force on the piezoelectric vibrators. Under the action of the magnetic attraction force, forced vibration occurs, and the PZT thin film piezoelectric layer is continuously excited over a period of time, causing continuous deformation, accumulating charge, and generating electrical energy. In addition, the rotation of the rotating component drives the rotation of the composite conversion component. Due to the speed difference between the rotating component and the composite conversion component, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets on the rotating component tends to increase and then decrease on the coil at the bottom of the composite conversion component. At this time, the magnetic flux through the coil changes, thereby generating an induced electromotive force, causing the magnetic field through the coil to change twice, which also generates an induced current. This invention employs a combination of piezoelectric and magnetoelectric methods to collect and convert vibration energy, which improves energy capture efficiency compared to the single piezoelectric method in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a composite mechanical energy conversion bicycle wheel provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial structural diagram of the rotating component in the diagram;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the composite conversion component;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the conversion circuit;

[0024] In the diagram: 1-Rotating component, 11-Wheel rim, 12-Wheel spoke, 13-Permanent magnet, 14-Tire, 15-Copper plate, 16-Shaft cylinder, 2-Composite conversion component, 21-Rotating connector, 211-Rotating shaft, 212-Sleeve, 213-Bearing, 22-Piezoelectric vibrator, 221-PZT thin film piezoelectric layer, 23-Magnet, 24-Coil. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0026] Please see Figures 1-3 The present invention provides a composite mechanical energy conversion bicycle wheel, comprising: a rotating component 1 and at least one composite conversion component 2, wherein the composite conversion component 2 is disposed on the rotating component 1, and the rotating component 1 is rotatable relative to the composite conversion component 2, so that the composite conversion component 2 converts the kinetic energy of the rotating component 1 into electrical energy. The rotating component 1 includes a wheel frame 11, spokes 12 and a plurality of permanent magnets 13. The spokes 12 are fixed radially inside the wheel frame 11, and the permanent magnets 13 are fixed on the spokes 12. The composite conversion component 2 includes a rotating connector 21, a plurality of piezoelectric vibrators 22, a magnet 23 and a coil 24. The rotating connector 21 is rotatably connected to the wheel frame 11, and the plurality of piezoelectric vibrators 22 are fixed radially on the rotating connector 21. Each piezoelectric vibrator 22 is fixed with a magnet 23 and a coil 24, and a PZT thin film piezoelectric layer 221 is disposed on the surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 22.

[0027] This invention comprises a rotating assembly 1 and a composite conversion assembly 2. The rotating assembly 1 includes a wheel frame 11, wheel spokes 12, and a plurality of permanent magnets 13. The composite conversion assembly 2 includes a rotating connector 21, a plurality of piezoelectric vibrators 22, and magnets 23. During the rotation of the rotating assembly 1, when the permanent magnets 13 on the wheel spokes 12 and the magnets 23 on the piezoelectric vibrators 22 are opposite each other, the rotating assembly 1 generates a magnetic attraction force on the piezoelectric vibrators 22. Under the action of the magnetic attraction force, forced vibration is generated, and the piezoelectric vibrators 22 are subjected to continuous or periodic excitation for a period of time, causing the piezoelectric vibrators to undergo forced vibration. The PZT thin-film piezoelectric layer 221 undergoes continuous deformation, accumulating charge and generating electrical energy. Furthermore, the rotation of the rotating component 1 drives the rotation of the composite conversion component 2. Due to the speed difference between the rotating component 1 and the composite conversion component 2, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 13 on the rotating component 1 tends to increase and then decrease again with respect to the coil 24 at the bottom of the composite conversion component 2. This changes the magnetic flux through the coil 24, generating an induced electromotive force, causing the magnetic field through the coil to change twice, thus generating an induced current. This invention employs a combination of piezoelectric and magnetoelectric methods to collect and convert vibration energy, improving energy harvesting efficiency compared to the single piezoelectric method in existing technologies.

[0028] Specifically, the wheel rim 11 is circular, and a tire 14 is fitted on the circumferential surface of the wheel rim 11.

[0029] Specifically, the included angles between adjacent spokes 12 are the same.

[0030] In this embodiment, two composite conversion components 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rotating component 1. The two composite conversion components 2 can fully utilize space to capture mechanical energy. A magnetic field is formed between the magnets 23 of the two composite conversion components 2.

[0031] Furthermore, a copper plate 15 is disposed between the spokes 12, and the copper plate 15 is fixed to the wheel rim 11. The copper plate 15 and the wheel rim 11 are integrally formed to ensure stability during movement. When the bicycle propels the rotating assembly 1 to move at high speed, each copper plate 12 on the rotating assembly 1 will generate magnetic induction when entering and leaving the magnetic field formed by the magnet 23 on the composite conversion assembly 2. Since the copper plate 12 rotates at high speed and cuts the magnetic field at high frequency, high-density electrical energy is generated, producing an electric current.

[0032] Furthermore, the rotating assembly 1 also includes a shaft cylinder 16, which is disposed at the center of the wheel frame 11, and the wheel spokes 12 are fixed to the shaft cylinder 16.

[0033] Furthermore, the rotating connector 21 includes a rotating shaft 211, a sleeve 212, and a bearing 213. The rotating shaft 211 is fixed to the shaft sleeve 16, the rotating shaft 211 is fixed to the bearing 213, the piezoelectric vibrator 22 is fixed to the sleeve 212, and the sleeve 212 is fixed to the bearing 213 and can rotate relative to the shaft sleeve 16.

[0034] Furthermore, each piezoelectric vibrator 22 is fixed with two magnets 23. One magnet 23 is located at the end of the piezoelectric vibrator 22 away from the rotating connector 21, and the other magnet 23 is located in the middle of the piezoelectric vibrator 22. The magnet 23 located at the end of the piezoelectric vibrator 22 away from the rotating connector 21 generates a magnetic field and also acts as a mass, changing the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator 22, thereby increasing the amount of electricity generated.

[0035] In this embodiment, the composite conversion component 2 includes eight piezoelectric vibrators 22, and the included angle between adjacent piezoelectric vibrators 22 is the same.

[0036] Furthermore, the magnet 23 and the coil 24 are fixed on the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 22 facing the rotating assembly 1, and the PZT thin film piezoelectric layer 221 is attached to the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 22 facing away from the rotating assembly 1.

[0037] Furthermore, the composite mechanical energy conversion bicycle wheel of the present invention also includes a conversion circuit, wherein the PZT thin film piezoelectric layer 221, the coil 24, and the copper plate 12 are connected in parallel and electrically connected to the conversion circuit. The conversion circuit converts the electrical energy generated by the PZT thin film piezoelectric layer 221, the coil 24, and the copper plate 12 and delivers it to the load.

[0038] Please see Figure 4 The conversion circuit includes a power chip U1, an inductor L1, capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, diodes D1 and D2. The PZ1 and PZ2 pins of the power chip U1 serve as energy input terminals. The SW pin of the power chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of the inductor L1, and the other end of the inductor L1 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C6, forming a first output terminal JB1 electrically connected to the inductor L1. The Vin pin of the power chip U1 is connected to the cathode of the diode D1, one end of the capacitor C1, and the... One end of capacitor C3 and one end of capacitor C4 are electrically connected to form a second output terminal JB2, which is electrically connected to the boost module. The anode of diode D1 is electrically connected to the cathode of diode D2. The other end of capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the cathode of diode D2 and one end of capacitor C2. The anode of diode D2, the other end of capacitor C2, and the other end of capacitor C3 are grounded. The other end of capacitor C4 is electrically connected to the CAP pin of power chip U1. One end of capacitor C5 is electrically connected to the D0 pin of power chip U1, and the other end is grounded.

[0039] In this embodiment, the specific model of the power chip U1 is LTC3588-1.

[0040] The energy storage in the conversion circuit uses two capacitors C1 and C2 connected in parallel as energy storage elements. To increase practicality, 3.6V is used as a stable output voltage. The VOUT pin is connected to a low-power electrical appliance (JB1), such as a bicycle taillight or headlight, and a switch can be set to control the light's on / off state. Additionally, a DC-DC boost module (JB2) can be connected, which can convert the voltage to a stable 5V output, thus charging digital devices such as mobile phones, cameras, and MP3 players.

[0041] During the rotation of the rotating assembly 1, when the permanent magnet 13 on the spoke 12 and the magnet 23 on the piezoelectric vibrator 22 are opposite each other, the rotating assembly 1 generates a magnetic attraction force on the piezoelectric vibrator 22. Under the action of the magnetic attraction force, forced vibration occurs, and the PZT thin film piezoelectric layer 221 is continuously excited for a period of time, causing continuous deformation, accumulating charge, and generating electrical energy. In addition, the rotation of the rotating assembly 1 drives the rotation of the composite conversion assembly 2. Due to the speed difference between the rotating assembly 1 and the composite conversion assembly 2, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 13 on the rotating assembly 1 affects the composite conversion assembly 2. The coil 24 at the bottom of the composite conversion component 2 tends to increase in size and then decrease again. During this process, the magnetic flux through the coil 24 changes, generating an induced electromotive force. This causes the magnetic field passing through the coil to change twice, also generating an induced current. Furthermore, copper plates 15 are arranged between the spokes 12. When the bicycle propels the rotating component 1 at high speed, each copper plate 12 on the rotating component 1 will generate magnetic induction when entering and leaving the magnetic field formed by the magnet 23 on the composite conversion component 2. Because the copper plates 12 rotate at high speed and cut the magnetic field at a high frequency, high-density electrical energy is generated, producing a current. This invention uses a combination of piezoelectric and magnetoelectric methods to collect and convert vibration energy, improving energy harvesting efficiency compared to the single piezoelectric method in existing technologies.

[0042] Compared with currently common piezoelectric structures, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0043] I. The combination of piezoelectric and magnetoelectric modes is used to collect and convert vibration energy. The presence of rotating components and composite conversion components can ensure that the piezoelectric oscillator is continuously or periodically excited for a period of time, reducing the resonant frequency of the system and ensuring the continuity of power output. The addition of coils and copper sheets increases the magnetoelectric power generation mode. The combination of the three greatly increases the output power.

[0044] Second, this invention adopts an integrated structure of copper plate and frame. This structure ensures that the copper plate cuts the magnetic field lines of the composite conversion component at a high frequency, making it easier to generate high-density electrical energy. The rotating component also ensures that the magnetic attraction force on the piezoelectric oscillator on the composite conversion component is high-frequency and periodic, ensuring that the piezoelectric oscillator produces high-frequency periodic deformation and generates more charge.

[0045] Third, this invention uses a conversion circuit based on the LTC3588-1, which can integrate and store small amounts of alternating current and convert unstable alternating current into stable direct current.

[0046] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made in accordance with the technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite mechanical energy conversion bicycle wheel, characterized in that, include: A rotating assembly includes a wheel frame, wheel spokes, and several permanent magnets. The wheel spokes are fixed radially inside the wheel frame, the permanent magnets are fixed on the wheel spokes, and a copper plate is disposed between the wheel spokes and fixed to the wheel frame. A composite conversion component includes a rotating connector, a plurality of piezoelectric vibrators, a magnet, and a coil. The rotating connector is rotatably connected to the wheel frame. The plurality of piezoelectric vibrators are radially fixed on the rotating connector. Each piezoelectric vibrator is fixed with the magnet and the coil. A PZT thin film piezoelectric layer is provided on the surface of the piezoelectric vibrator. The rotating assembly further includes a shaft cylinder disposed at the center of the wheel frame. The wheel spokes are fixed to the shaft cylinder. The rotating connector includes a rotating shaft, a sleeve, and a bearing. The rotating shaft is fixed to the shaft cylinder and the bearing. The piezoelectric vibrator is fixed to the sleeve. The sleeve is fixed to the bearing and can rotate relative to the shaft cylinder.

2. The composite mechanical energy conversion bicycle wheel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It has two composite conversion components, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rotating component.

3. The composite mechanical energy conversion bicycle wheel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between adjacent spokes is the same.

4. The composite mechanical energy conversion bicycle wheel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each piezoelectric vibrator is fixed with two magnets, one magnet located at the end of the piezoelectric vibrator away from the rotating connector, and the other magnet located in the middle of the piezoelectric vibrator.

5. The composite mechanical energy conversion bicycle wheel as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The magnet and the coil are fixed on the side of the piezoelectric vibrator facing the rotating assembly, and the PZT thin film piezoelectric layer is attached to the side of the piezoelectric vibrator away from the rotating assembly.

6. The composite mechanical energy conversion bicycle wheel as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The composite conversion component includes eight piezoelectric vibrators, with adjacent piezoelectric vibrators having the same included angle.

7. The composite mechanical energy conversion bicycle wheel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a conversion circuit, which comprises a power chip U1, an inductor L1, capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, diodes D1 and D2. The PZ1 and PZ2 pins of the power chip U1 serve as energy input terminals. The SW pin of the power chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of the inductor L1, and the other end of the inductor L1 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C6, forming a first output terminal JB1 electrically connected to the inductor L1. The Vin pin of the power chip U1 is connected to the cathode of the diode D1 and the cathode of the capacitor C1. One end of capacitor C3 and one end of capacitor C4 are electrically connected to form a second output terminal JB2, which is electrically connected to the boost module. The anode of diode D1 is electrically connected to the cathode of diode D2. The other end of capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the cathode of diode D2 and one end of capacitor C2. The anode of diode D2, the other end of capacitor C2, and the other end of capacitor C3 are grounded. The other end of capacitor C4 is electrically connected to the CAP pin of power chip U1. One end of capacitor C5 is electrically connected to the D0 pin of power chip U1, and the other end is grounded.

Images